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A comma may be used to indicate that words have been omitted:
Again, the comma may be omitted if clarity is not compromised.
See also 7.22 The Semicolon, Between independent clauses and 7.23 The Semicolon, Co-ordinate elements.
The semicolon is used between independent clauses not joined by a co-ordinating conjunction but too closely related to be separated by a period:
If the clauses are short and parallel, a comma may replace the semicolon:
Clauses joined by a co-ordinating conjunction may also be separated by a semicolon (instead of a comma) if they are the last two of a series of clauses separated by semicolons:
Use a semicolon if a sharper break is required than could be achieved with a comma (for emphasis or to convey antithesis):
Clauses joined by a conjunctive adverb usually require a semicolon between them, though a comma may suffice if the clauses are short:
Elliptical clauses are conventionally separated from each other and from the introductory clause by semicolons, with commas often marking the ellipsis (see 7.17 Omitted words):
The semicolon can be replaced by a comma, however, provided that the comma marking the ellipsis can be dropped:
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