TERMIUM Plus®

The Government of Canada’s terminology and linguistic data bank.

HYGROSCOPIC NUCLEI [5 records]

Record 1 2023-01-04

English

Subject field(s)
  • Chemistry
  • Atmospheric Physics
CONT

In cloud physics, it is... of the utmost importance that surface tension should increase the equilibrium pressure with a decreasing-drop radius, while hygroscopic action should reduce it. Thus, only hygroscopie nuclei make the initial condensation phase in air possible.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Chimie
  • Physique de l'atmosphère
DEF

Pression qui permet à deux phases d'une même substance de rester en équilibre.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Química
  • Física de la atmósfera
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Record 2 2004-06-02

English

Subject field(s)
  • Meteorology
DEF

Substance used to provide condensation nuclei within a cloud(e. g., silver iodide, dry ice and other chemical hygroscopic particles) and dispersed from the ground, from an airplane or from a rocket.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Météorologie
DEF

Substance utilisée pour fournir des noyaux de condensation dans un nuage (p. ex. iodure d'argent, neige carbonique et autres particules chimiques hygroscopiques) et dispersée à partir du sol, d'un avion ou d'une fusée.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Meteorología
DEF

Sustancia utilizada para producir núcleos de condensación en una nube (por ejemplo, yoduro de plata, nieve carbónica y otras partículas químicas higroscópicas), dispersada a partir del suelo, de una aeronave o de un cohete.

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Record 3 2004-05-13

English

Subject field(s)
  • Meteorology
DEF

A nucleus whose aqueous solution has an equilibrium vapour pressure lower than that of pure water.

CONT

The exact form taken by hygroscopic nuclei is most frequently that of droplets of solution. It was established by Lord Kelvin that the vapour pressure over the surface of a water drop in equilibrium with its surroundings is greater than that over a plane water surface.... The vapour pressure over the surface of a solution is always less than that over pure water at the same temperature. For this reason, a solution is hygroscopic, and absorbs water vapour from the surrounding air, becoming diluted in the process. From this it follows that nuclei in the form of droplets of solution may be expected to be satisfactory condensation kerns. When particles of hygroscopic substances are exposed to sufficiently damp air, they become droplets of solution.

Key term(s)
  • hygroscopic nuclei

French

Domaine(s)
  • Météorologie
DEF

Noyau dont la solution aqueuse a une pression de vapeur en équilibre plus basse que celle de l'eau pure.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Meteorología
DEF

Núcleo cuya solución acuosa tiene una presión de vapor en equilibrio más baja que la del agua pura.

Save record 3

Record 4 2003-11-07

English

Subject field(s)
  • Atmospheric, Climatic and Meteorological Phenomena
DEF

Small solid particles around which water condensates (cloud formation)

CONT

Condensation on hygroscopic nuclei may begin at a relative humidity much lower than 100 per cent(about 75 per cent for sodium chloride) ;while on so-called non-hygroscopic nuclei, which merely furnish sufficiently large(by molecular standards) wettable surfaces, relative humidities of nearly 100 per cent are required.

Key term(s)
  • hygroscopic nuclei

French

Domaine(s)
  • Phénomènes météorologiques, climatiques et atmosphériques
DEF

Noyau de condensation, constitué par des solutions aqueuses de sels (chlorures de magnésium, de sodium, de calcium) ou d'acide (sulfurique, nitreux), intervenant dans la genèse des pluies.

Spanish

Save record 4

Record 5 1991-05-29

English

Subject field(s)
  • Air Pollution
  • Water Pollution
  • Physics
CONT

Hygroscopic substances exhibit a chemical attraction for water, which encourages condensation of water vapour on them in preference to other substances. This same attraction is capable of causing condensation in an atmosphere which is not saturated. It appears that hygroscopic substances possess in general more satisfactory qualities as nuclei than do non-hygroscopic substances.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Pollution de l'air
  • Pollution de l'eau
  • Physique
CONT

noyaux de condensation. Ils sont constitués par des substances solides hygroscopiques, provenant soit de la mer (NaCl), soit de pollutions locales (résidus de combustion). Leur diamètre est compris entre 0,1 et 1 micromètre. Ils sont à l'origine de la formation des nuages, les fines gouttelettes d'eau se condensant dessus.

Spanish

Save record 5

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