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ACID-BASE CATALYSIS [1 record]

Record 1 2010-09-14

English

Subject field(s)
  • Biological Sciences
DEF

Acceleration of reactions by acids and bases.

CONT

General acid-base catalysis provides a means for catalyzing at neutral pH, where the concentrations of H+ and OH- are very low, chemical reactions that would otherwise require very high concentrations of H+ or OH-. For example, in the absence of enzymes, hydrolysis of peptide bonds requires very high concentrations of H+ or OH-, long reaction periods, and high temperatures ..., whereas hydrolysis of peptide bonds by chymotrypsin proceeds rapidly at neutral pH, promoted by general acid-base catalysis at the active site.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Sciences biologiques
DEF

Accélération de certaines réactions par la présence en solution d'ions H+ ou oH-.

CONT

La catalyse acide-base (...) pourrait être, tout comme en chimie organique, postulée pour nombre de mécanismes enzymatiques : certains effets du pH, certains échanges de deutérium au cours des réactions suggèrent ce type de catalyse pour les additions de carbonyles, les hydrolyses d'esters, les isomérisations; mais les démonstrations expérimentales complètes sont rares et ce mécanisme, lorsqu'il existe, se trouve en général associé à d'autres types de catalyse.

Spanish

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