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NATURAL PARTHENOGENESIS [2 records]

Record 1 2001-09-28

English

Subject field(s)
  • Genetics
  • Plant Biology
CONT

Natural parthenogenesis has been observed in many lower animals (it is characteristic of the rotifers), especially insects, e.g., the aphid. In many social insects, such as the honeybee and the ant, the unfertilized eggs give rise to the male drones and the fertilized eggs o the female workers and queens. ... The phenomenon is rarer among plants (where it is called parthenocarpy) than among animals. Unusual patterns of heredity can occur in parthenogenetic organisms.

OBS

Authors monitored the natural parthenocarpy, i.e. the ratio of seedless (parthenocarpous), empty or embryoless seed containing (stenospermocarpous) fruits on three sites of contrasting ecological conditions for ten years with 87 varieties. Every time (variety and year) 40 to 150 buds were emasculated radically and isolated without having been pollinated.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Génétique
  • Biologie végétale
CONT

La formation du fruit résulte normalement de la fécondation. Certains fruits se développent sans fécondation par parthénogenèse et donc sans graine. La parthénogenèse peut être naturelle (ananas, clémentines corses, raisin de Corinthe, Sultanine, banane, ...) ou provoquée par des hormones; cela permet d'établir une fructification malgré des conditions climatiques contraires à la pollinisation [...]

Spanish

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Record 2 2001-09-27

English

Subject field(s)
  • Genetics
  • Animal Biology
CONT

Natural parthenogenesis has been observed in many lower animals (it is characteristic of the rotifers), especially insects, e.g., the aphid. In many social insects, such as the honeybee and the ant, the unfertilized eggs give rise to the male drones and the fertilized eggs o the female workers and queens. ... The phenomenon is rarer among plants (where it is called parthenocarpy) than among animals. Unusual patterns of heredity can occur in parthenogenetic organisms.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Génétique
  • Biologie animale
DEF

Mode de reproduction non provoquée par lequel les ovules se développent naturellement et donnent naissance à un nouvel être sans avoir été fécondés.

CONT

[...] la parthénogenèse est un phénomène fréquent dans la nature; de nombreux organismes utilisent ce mode de reproduction. [...] La parthénogenèse naturelle. Lorsque des femelles sont issues de gamètes non fécondés, on parle de parthénogenèse thélytoque; si seuls des mâles se développent, on dit qu'elle est arrhénotoque; quand une femelle vierge donne à la fois des mâles et des femelles, on qualifie la parthénogenèse de deutérotoque. Chez les insectes, la parthénogenèse présente des aspects encore plus divers: elle est cyclique, par exemple, chez les pucerons, qui passent de la parthénogenèse à la reproduction sexuée. [...] Tous les intermédiaires existent entre la parthénogenèse exclusive et la parthénogenèse occasionnelle. On peut cependant classer ces formes de reproduction en quatre groupes : La parthénogenèse exclusive [...]. La parthénogenèse exclusive ou normale [...]. La parthénogenèse facultative [...]. La parthénogenèse occasionnelle.

Spanish

Save record 2

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