TERMIUM Plus®

The Government of Canada’s terminology and linguistic data bank.

HIPERGLUCEMIA [4 records]

Record 1 2017-04-20

English

Subject field(s)
  • Human Diseases - Various
  • The Pancreas
DEF

A chronic disorder characterized by impaired metabolism of glucose and other energy-yielding fuels, as well as the late development of vascular and neuropathic complications.

CONT

Diabetes mellitus consists of a group of disorders involving distinct pathogenic mechanisms with hyperglycemia as the common denominator. Regardless of cause, the disease is associated with insulin deficiency, which may be total, partial, or relative when viewed in the context of coexisting insulin resistance.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Maladies humaines diverses
  • Pancréas
DEF

Groupe de maladies métaboliques caractérisées par une hyperglycémie chronique résultant d'un défaut de la sécrétion de l'insuline ou de l'action de l'insuline ou de ces deux anomalies associées.

OBS

L'hyperglycémie chronique est associée à terme avec des complications organiques spécifiques touchant particulièrement les yeux, les reins, les nerfs, le cœur et les vaisseaux.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Enfermedades humanas varias
  • Páncreas
DEF

Grupo heterogéneo de trastornos caracterizados por hiperglucemia e intolerancia a la glucosa.

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Record 2 2011-09-09

English

Subject field(s)
  • Human Diseases - Various
  • Endocrine System and Metabolism
DEF

The diminished ability of cells to respond to the action of insulin in transporting glucose (sugar) from the bloodstream into muscle and other tissues.

CONT

Insulin resistance typically develops with obesity and heralds the onset of type 2 diabetes. It is as if insulin is "knocking" on the door of muscle. The muscle hears the knock, opens up, and lets glucose in. But with insulin resistance, the muscle cannot hear the knocking of the insulin (the muscle is "resistant"). The pancreas makes more insulin, which increases insulin levels in the blood and causes a louder "knock." Eventually, the pancreas produces far more insulin than normal and the muscles continue to be resistant to the knock. As long as one can produce enough insulin to overcome this resistance, blood glucose levels remain normal. Once the pancreas is no longer able to keep up, blood glucose starts to rise, initially after meals, eventually even in the fasting state. Type 2 diabetes is now overt.

Key term(s)
  • insulin-resistance

French

Domaine(s)
  • Maladies humaines diverses
  • Systèmes endocrinien et métabolique
DEF

[...] diminution de la réponse biologique à l'action de l'insuline.

CONT

L'insulinorésistance se définit comme un état de diminution de la réponse cellulaire et tissulaire à l'insuline. Associée à la diminution de la capacité sécrétoire de l'insuline, elle conduit au développement du diabète de type 2.

CONT

L'insulinorésistance est liée à un risque métabolique et cardiovasculaire accru dans le contexte du «syndrome d'insulinorésistance» (ou «syndrome plurimétabolique») [...]

Key term(s)
  • insulino-résistance

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Enfermedades humanas varias
  • Sistemas endocrino y metabólico
DEF

Disminución de la efectividad de la insulina para reducir los niveles de azúcar en la sangre.

OBS

Se define arbitrariamente por el requerimiento de 200 unidades o más de insulina por día para evitar la hiperglucemia o la cetosis; usualmente se debe a la fijación de la insulina a anticuerpos pero también se producen anormalidades de los receptores para insulina situados en la superficie celular; está asociada con obesidad, cetoacidosis, infección y ciertas afecciones poco frecuentes.

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Record 3 2011-08-19

English

Subject field(s)
  • Human Diseases - Various
  • Pregnancy

French

Domaine(s)
  • Maladies humaines diverses
  • Grossesse

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Enfermedades humanas varias
  • Embarazo
DEF

Diabetes mellitus inducida por el embarazo pero que se resuelve al final del mismo.

CONT

No incluye a las diabéticas diagnosticadas previamente que se quedan embarazadas(embarazo en diabéticas). La diabetes gestacional generalmente se desarrolla al final del embarazo, cuando los picos de las hormonas antagonistas de la insulina conducen a resistencia a la insulina, intolerancia a la glucosa e hiperglucemia.

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Record 4 2011-08-19

English

Subject field(s)
  • Human Diseases - Various
  • The Pancreas
DEF

A chronic condition in which the pancreas makes little or no insulin because the beta cells have been destroyed and in which the body is then not able to use the glucose (blood sugar) for energy.

CONT

IDDM [insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus] usually comes on abruptly, although the damage to the beta cells may begin much earlier. The signs of IDDM are a great thirst, hunger, a need to urinate often, and loss of weight. To treat the disease, the person must inject insulin, follow a diet plan, exercise daily, and test blood glucose several times a day. IDDM usually occurs in children and adults who are under age 30.

OBS

Diabetes mellitus can be divided into two types: (1) type I, or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; (2) type II, or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ...

French

Domaine(s)
  • Maladies humaines diverses
  • Pancréas
CONT

On distingue classiquement deux types de diabète : le diabète insulino-dépendant (DID) (type 1) également appelé diabète maigre ou diabète de l'enfant [...]. Il résulte d'une incapacité du pancréas à sécréter une quantité suffisante d'insuline. Il s'agit d'une maladie auto-immune. Le diabète non insulino dépendant (DNID) (type 2), autrefois baptisé diabète gras, survient souvent après la quarantaine chez des personnes en surpoids.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Enfermedades humanas varias
  • Páncreas
DEF

Subtipo de diabetes mellitus caracterizado por deficiencia de insulina.

CONT

La diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1) se caracteriza por [la] destrucción de las células beta pancreáticas, que se traduce en un déficit absoluto de insulina y dependencia vital a la insulina exógena.

CONT

La diabetes tipo 1 se presenta cuando el cuerpo elabora poca insulina o no produce ninguna. Por esta razón, las personas con diabetes tipo 1 deben recibir inyecciones de insulina para vivir. Esta es la razón por la que a este tipo de diabetes se le denomina también "diabetes insulinodependiente".

OBS

Se manifiesta por el inicio repentino de hiperglucemia severa, progresión rápida hacia cetoacidosis diabética y la muerte a menos que sea tratada con insulina.

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