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Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Autonomic dysreflexia is a syndrome in which there is a sudden onset of excessively high blood pressure. It is more common in people with spinal cord injuries that involve the thoracic nerves of the spine or above(T6 [sixth thoracic vertebral] or above).  2, record 1, English, - autonomic%20dysreflexia

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

G90.4: code used in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems.  3, record 1, English, - autonomic%20dysreflexia

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La dysréflexie autonome implique une hausse soudaine de la pression artérielle accompagnée de changements de la fréquence cardiaque et d'autres symptômes comme des maux de tête et de la transpiration [...] La dysréflexie autonome affecte typiquement les personnes qui ont une LME [lésion de la moelle épinière] au niveau ou au-dessus de T6 [sixième vertèbre thoracique] (ou occasionnellement aussi bas que T8 [huitième vertèbre thoracique]).  2, record 1, French, - dysr%C3%A9flexie%20autonome

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

G90.4 : code de la Classification statistique internationale des maladies et des problèmes de santé connexes.  3, record 1, French, - dysr%C3%A9flexie%20autonome

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La disreflexia autonómica es una causa poco conocida de crisis hipertensiva y está asociada a las lesiones medulares por encima de T6.  2, record 1, Spanish, - disreflexia%20auton%C3%B3mica

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

G90.4: código de la Clasificación Estadística Internacional de Enfermedades y Problemas Relacionados con la Salud.  3, record 1, Spanish, - disreflexia%20auton%C3%B3mica

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A radiographic projection of the cervical or thoracic spine with the patient lying supine on a table, the neck hyperextended, the upper limb nearer the camera parallel to the body, and that nearer the film placed above the head; the central ray enters laterally.  2, record 2, English, - swimmer%27s%20projection

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Incidence de profil pour l'étude de la charnière cervico-dorsale.  2, record 2, French, - incidence%20du%20nageur

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Skin rolling is performed over the thoracic spine from below upward, the skin being picked up between the thumbs and forefingers. As the thumbs are pushed up toward the head, the skin is rolled backward over them by the forefingers. Tightness and tenderness at any level indicates pathology in the bone or joints at that level. Skin rolling is then performed over the paravertebral areas to detect localized fibrositic infiltration or areas of muscle pathology.  1, record 3, English, - skin%20rolling

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Manœuvre permettant de mettre en évidence une zone de cellulalgie. Il s'agit de pincer fermement un pli de peau, entre le pouce et l'index, à l'aide des deux mains. Ce pli est tiré, roulé entre les doigts dans un sens puis dans l'autre, comme on le ferait d'une cigarette, tout en maintenant fermement le pincement. Celui-ci ne doit jamais être relâché tout au long de la manœuvre. Le pli cutané, épaissi et grumeleux, est très douloureux au pincé-roulé.  2, record 3, French, - man%26oelig%3Buvre%20du%20pinc%C3%A9%2Droul%C3%A9

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cervical flexion deformity(chin on chest deformity) is a complication of severe ankylosing spondylitis. This fixed posture of the cervical spine can cause significant difficulties with hygiene, nutrition, and forward gaze. Patients experience inability to open their mouth wide enough to maintain adequate nutrition, hygiene problems such as skin ulcers on the chin or chest, and problems with forward gaze leading to difficulties with ambulation. Psychosocial aspects of this deformity are also considerable. Surgical intervention includes posterior C[ cervical] 7–T[ thoracic] 1 extension osteotomy/fusion with sterile midprocedure halo placement. This procedure involves significant manipulation of the cervical spine, with possible catastrophic consequences.  2, record 4, English, - cervical%20flexion%20deformity

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A kyphotic deformity of the lower thoracic spine developing insidiously in children about the period of puberty. On radiographs, irregularity of vertebral contours due to arrested or abnormal vertebral growth is observed in association with Schmorl' s nodes. Prolapse of intervertebral disc tissue anteriorly may also be seen as well as wedging or reduction of height of the anterior portion of the vertebral bodies.  5, record 5, English, - Scheuermann%27s%20disease

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Although the predominant involvement of the epiphysis of the vertebral rim was initially interpreted as evidence of osteonecrosis, considerable disagreement as to the cause and pathogenesis of this disorder subsequently developed. The basis for the nodes is not clear, although stress-induced intraosseous displacements through congenitally or traumatically weakened portions of the cartilaginous endplate appear probable.  5, record 5, English, - Scheuermann%27s%20disease

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Affection vertébrale de l'adolescence, d'étiologie inconnue, caractérisée par des lésions de la zone de croissance ostéochondrale des corps vertébraux entraînant une déformation cunéiforme des corps vertébraux et la constitution de hernies nucléaires intrasomatiques ou rétromarginales antérieures. Elle se signale cliniquement par l'apparition progressive d'une cyphose dorsale douloureuse, à laquelle s'ajoute une certaine raideur dorsale.  4, record 5, French, - maladie%20de%20Scheuermann

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Aucune preuve en faveur d'une étiologie, notamment inflammatoire ou vasculaire, n'a été reconnue. Le mécanisme des lésions observées dans cette maladie est très discuté : on ne sait si des micro-traumatismes peuvent être seuls incriminés pour la présence de hernies discales ou s'il existe aussi une prédisposition anatomique ou une anomalie d'ossification préexistante.  4, record 5, French, - maladie%20de%20Scheuermann

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Muscles of the neck, shoulder, chest, and back... Trapezius : originates along the dorsal side of the neck near the poll, inserts on the spine of the scapula. Includes the trapezius cervicalis(originates along the cervical vertebrae) and trapezius thoracis(originates along the thoracic vertebrae). Helps to raise the shoulder, also involved in moving the scapulohumeral joint. Well-developed if horse is worked round and "up through the back".  3, record 6, English, - spine%20of%20the%20scapula

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The biconcave deformities of a vertebral body resulting from collapse of the vertebral endplates. Most common in the lower thoracic and upper lumbar spine, these deformities are characteristic of disorders in which there is diffuse weakening of the bone, such as osteoporosis. A similar pattern may be seen in osteomalacia, Paget's disease, hyperparathyroidism, and neoplasm.  4, record 7, English, - fish%20vertebra

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Vertèbre biconcave par déformation des plateaux, s'observant notamment dans l'ostéoporose et l'ostéomalacie.  3, record 7, French, - vert%C3%A8bre%20de%20poisson

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A measure of anterior flexion of the lumbar spine. With the patient standing erect, a mark is placed on the skin overlying the lumbosacral junction, that is, at an imaginary line joining the dimples of Venus (posterior, superior iliac spines). A second mark is placed 10 cm above the first. The patient then is asked to bend forward as if to touch his/her toes. With the spine in the fullest flexion, distance between the two marks is measured; it should exceed 15 cm in normal individuals. The measurement declines with progressive loss of spinal motion as seen in ankylosing spondylitis, degenerative disc disease, degenerative joint disease, and with aging.  2, record 8, English, - Schober%20test

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The term "Schober test" applies primarily to the measurement of lumbar spine mobility. The test, however, is sometimes used to measure thoracic spine mobility. In this case, the measurement takes place between T1 and T12, which is approximately 30 cm. On maximum flexion, the distance should normally increase to 33-34 cm.  3, record 8, English, - Schober%20test

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Épreuve pour évaluer la flexion antérieure lombo-sacrée. Le sujet se tenant debout, on marque par un premier trait sur la peau lombo-sacrée la hauteur des épines iliaques postérieures et supérieures, au niveau des fossettes de Vénus. On trace ensuite une deuxième ligne 10 cm plus haut. Le sujet se penche en avant aussi loin que possible, bras pendants. La nouvelle distance entre les deux repères est mesurée. Dans le cas d'une bonne flexion, on obtient un étirement de la peau de 10 à 15 cm par exemple; en cas de forte raideur, l'étirement est faible de 10 à 11 cm par exemple. La distance diminue dans les cas de spondylarthrite ankylosante, de spondylarthrose, d'entorse lombaire, de discarthrose, et avec l'âge.  2, record 8, French, - test%20de%20Schober

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

À l'origine, le test de Schober se faisait à partir d'une ligne inscrite au niveau des crêtes iliaques ou à 10 cm du bord supérieur du sacrum.  2, record 8, French, - test%20de%20Schober

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Le terme «test de Schober» s'applique principalement à la mesure de la mobilité du rachis lombaire. On peut cependant faire un test de Schober au niveau du rachis dorsal, en mesurant la distance D1 à D12, ce qui fait généralement une trentaine de centimètres. En flexion maximale, cette distance augmente normalement de 3 à 4 cm.  2, record 8, French, - test%20de%20Schober

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A rotational thoracic scoliosis will create a prominent hump on the side of the convexity.  1, record 9, English, - thoracic%20scoliosis

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Single Major Thoracic Curve Pattern.... The apex of the curve lies within the thoracic spine. The curve extends from T4, T5, or T6 to T11, T12, L1, or L2. The most common end vertebrae are T5 and T12. Nearly all have the convexity directed to the right.... The lumbar minor curve is nearly always flexible.  2, record 9, English, - thoracic%20scoliosis

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Scoliose généralement à convexité droite, dont les vertèbres limites se situent entre D4 et D12. Elle présente une courbure de compensation lombaire mineure et provoque d'importantes gibbosités.  2, record 9, French, - scoliose%20dorsale

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A measurement to indicate the degree of fixed flexion at the cervical spine. This measurement can be used to assess progressive loss of extension of the cervical spine. It may also be affected by a... kyphosis of the thoracic spine. The distance can increase in ankylosing spondylitis and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Inability to touch the head to the wall suggests cervical involvement.... The patient places the heels and back against a wall and attempts to touch the wall with the occiput, keeping the chin horizontal. The distance in centimeters from the occiput to the wall is recorded.  1, record 10, English, - occiput%20to%20wall%20distance

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Distance mesurant la flèche de l'occiput au mur, le sujet étant contre le plan vertical, dos, fesses et talons plaqués au mur. Cette distance permet d'apprécier la raideur cervicale dans la spondylarthrite ankylosante.  2, record 10, French, - distance%20nuque%2Dmur

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Actual round-back deformity is the result of wedging of the vertebrae below the region of the fifth, sixth, and seventh thoracic vertebrae. This wedging accentuates the kyphos which normally is present at the fifth, sixth, and seventh thoracic vertebrae.  2, record 11, English, - wedging

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The wedging of vertebrae in Scheuermann's kyphosis is most common in the thoracic spine(upper back), with the apex of the curve typically between the T7 and T9 levels of the spine.  3, record 11, English, - wedging

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Son développement implique la cunéiformisation (wedging) des corps vertébraux et des disques intervertébraux, une torsion des vertèbres et la déformation des côtes.  2, record 11, French, - cun%C3%A9iformisation%20vert%C3%A9brale

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 CONT

La maladie de Scheuermann est très fréquente [...] : 60 % des adolescents présentent des signes radiologiques d'irrégularité des plateaux vertébraux, mais les lésions sévères avec cunéiformisation vertébrale et hypercyphose pathologique ne représentent que 5 à 10 %, avec une prédominance masculine [...]  1, record 11, French, - cun%C3%A9iformisation%20vert%C3%A9brale

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The T4 syndrome is a specific clinical condition first named in 1986. It involves symptoms which arise from the upper thoracic spine. Specifically, symptoms involve the arms, hands, and upper thoracic spine.  1, record 12, English, - T4%20syndrome

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The addition of the structural grafts at the thoracolumbar junction may allow for the preservation of lumbar motion segments. Again, we prefer pedicle screws in the lumbar spine. If the upper thoracic level deformity is rigid, a more extensive anterior release of the thoracic spine is required in addition to the neural decompression and local release.  1, record 13, English, - neural%20decompression

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les adhérences accompagnent toutes chirurgies et peuvent donc être incriminées dans les échecs des traitements chirurgicaux de ces compressions nerveuses. Ces échecs de libération nerveuse sont d'ailleurs souvent repris pour décoller le nerf et lui rendre son glissement naturel au moyen d'artifices divers.  1, record 13, French, - lib%C3%A9ration%20nerveuse

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

High spinal brace-its function is to limit flexion and extension of the thoracolumbosacral spine. The abdominal pad reduces intradiscal pressure by increasing intra-abdominal pressure. Shoulder straps restrict upper thoracic flexion.  1, record 14, English, - thoracic%20flexion

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[L'orthèse thoraco-lombo-sacrée de Taylor] exerce une pression intra-abdominale accrue. La flexion thoracique et l'extension thoraco-lombaire sont limitées par deux systèmes d'appui en trois points.  1, record 14, French, - flexion%20thoracique

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A posterior angular deformity of the spine in the thoracic area.  1, record 15, English, - thoracic%20kyphosis

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] exagération anormale de la convexité postérieure dans le plan sagittal de la colonne vertébrale [au niveau du rachis dorsal].  1, record 15, French, - cyphose%20dorsale

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish