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ANTAGONISTIC PLEITROPY [1 record]

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Record 1 2008-09-26

English

Subject field(s)
  • Genetics
OBS

This is central to a theory of aging first developed by G. C. Williams in 1957. Williams suggested that some genes responsible for increased fitness in the younger, fertile organism contribute to decreased fitness later in life. One such example in male humans is the gene for the hormone testosterone. In youth, testosterone has positive effects including reproductive fitness but, later in life, there are negative effects such as increased susceptibility to prostate cancer.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Génétique
CONT

[...] la pléiotropie antagoniste a été proposée en 1957 par Williams. Comme son nom l'indique, elle fait appel à des mutations pléiotropes, c'est-à-dire capables d'influencer plusieurs caractères structuraux ou fonctionnels d'un même organisme. Les mutations envisagées par l'auteur ont des effets contrastés sur les individus en fonction de leur âge: elles favorisent la viabilité des individus jeunes, mais affaiblissent les individus âgés. La sélection naturelle aurait retenu ces mutations parce que les avantages qu'elles procurent aux jeunes l'emportent sur les inconvénients qu'elles occasionnent chez les vieux.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Genética
CONT

[...] en nuestra especie, la fatiga [...] devino entre otras en climaterio; es decir que este, surgido como consecuencia de los mecanismos por los que se produce la adaptación (respuesta debida y adquisición de nuevos genes), bien podría corresponder a la llamada pleiotropía antagónica que hace que alelos adoptados, por comportar alguna mejora adaptativa en edad temprana, puedan tornarse destructivos en fases tardías de la vida.

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