TERMIUM Plus®

The Government of Canada’s terminology and linguistic data bank.

AMPUTATE [3 records]

Record 1 2008-08-21

English

Subject field(s)
  • Surgical Instruments
DEF

Instrument designed to cut and shape solid materials and hard tissues such as tooth and bone with a beveled cutting edge on one side.

OBS

These instruments typically consist of a manual, handheld device with a flat blade with the cutting edge at the working end; chisels may be conformed with or attached to a handle. Chisels are used mainly in clinical settings to cut and contour bones in surgical (e.g., middle ear, orthopedic), dental, and postmortem (e.g., autopsy) procedures.

OBS

An instrument modeled after a carpenter’s chisel intended for cutting or cleaving hard tissue. The cutting edge is beveled on one side only; the shank may be straight or angled.

OBS

In all probability, chisels and gouges, derived from carpenters’ and masons’ tools, were utilized to amputate hands and feet as a legal punishment... During the nineteenth century, smaller gouges and chisels with a single beveled edge were employed generally for mastoid, skull, and bone surgery.

PHR

Army, bone, chlamydia, contra-angle, middle ear, nasal, obstetric, pituitary gland, posterior, spine, symphysiotomy chisel.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Instruments chirurgicaux
OBS

Le terme anglais "chisel" désigne tant un burin qu'un ciseau. Les deux instruments peuvent être utilisés seuls ou percutés à l'aide d'un marteau. Tous deux ont une extrémité biseautée tranchante. Alors que le burin sert à entailler le périoste ou l'os, le ciseau est utilisé en chirurgie osseuse pour prélever, tailler ou trancher un greffon ou un fragment osseux.

Spanish

Save record 1

Record 2 2007-05-03

English

Subject field(s)
  • Phobias
  • Environment
CONT

Ecophobia -- a fear of ecological problems and the natural world -- is a fear of oil spills, rainforest destruction, whale hunting, acid rain, the ozone hole, and Lyme disease [and sometimes the fear of just being outside].

CONT

This summer’s record-busting hot spell ... has aroused an extraordinary response. ... Many Americans have found themselves concerned ... about the whole bruised and abused human habitat. Soggy, unremitting heat sometimes seemed a symptom of general ecological collapse. ... Ecophobia, as the mood might be called, has not been induced by the hot spell alone .... The combination of heat and pollution gave a "sense of foreboding" ... [and provoked] apprehensions about ecological dangers .... Ecophobia ... is not likely to disappear ... [because] there is sufficient cause for fear about almost every aspect of the human environment.

OBS

Briefly, "ecophobia" is an irrational(often hysterical) and groundless hatred of the natural world, or aspects of it. Such fear of the agency of Nature plays out in many spheres. The personal hygiene industry relies on it, since capital-driven notions about personal cleanliness assign us preference for perfumes(for some more than others) over natural bodily odors; the cosmetic industry(in its passion for covering up Nature's "flaws" and "blemishes") uses it; beauticians and barbers(in their military passion for cutting back natural growths) are sustained by it; city sanitation boards display it in their demands that residents keep grass short to prevent the introduction of "vermin" and "pests" into urban areas; landscaped gardens, trimmed poodles in women's handbags on the Seoul subway system--anything that amputates or seeks to amputate the agency of Nature and to assert a human order on a system that follows different orders is, in essence, ecophobic. Ecophobia is a subtle thing that takes many forms.

OBS

environmental phobia: This term seems to have a more restricted sense, that of the fear of environmental poisons, or is often used in the expression "situational-environmental phobia".

French

Domaine(s)
  • Phobies
  • Environnement
DEF

Peur des milieux naturels.

CONT

[Les études des] effets des facteurs environnementaux sur la santé [constituent un] sujet [...] sensible [qui] sort du champ purement scientifique : il comporte des enjeux en termes d'écologie, de politique de santé et de politique, générale; une divulgation trop rapide de données scientifiques risque d'augmenter l'angoisse environnementale [...]

OBS

écophobie : Le mot «phobie» englobe la crainte maladive, la répugnance, la peur, le dégoût, l'horreur (p. ex. : «zoophobie», peur morbide de certains animaux). Il faut que le premier élément du terme représente l'objet de cette crainte ou de cette répugnance. «Éco» est ambigu : il peut vouloir dire «écologie» (habitat, environnement) ou «économie». Par exemple, nous avons relevé le terme «écophobie» dans le sens de la haine de l'écologie ou des préoccupations environnementales (aussi «écolophobie»), de la peur d'être chez soi (aussi «domophobie»), de l'aversion pour les questions touchant l'économie (aussi «éconophobie»), mais non dans le sens de la peur des milieux naturels qui fait l'objet de la présente fiche. Les termes anglais «ecophobia» et français «écophobie» semblent être souvent de faux-amis.

Spanish

Save record 2

Record 3 2006-02-07

English

Subject field(s)
  • Surgery
  • Personal Esthetics
CONT

Gross and others have recently advocated liposhaving as a superior alternative to liposuction. With liposhaving, commercially available soft tissue shavers(often employed in endoscopic surgery) are used instead of the liposuction cannula to sharply amputate fat deposits sucked into the shaver with minimal suction. Great care must be taken to activate the blade only when the shaver is in continuous motion and in the appropriate location, in order to avoid over resecting fat and macerating skin edges. In the right hands, liposhaving is quicker and less labor-intensive then traditional liposuction. However, the safety of this technique with respect to damage to surrounding soft tissue and neurovascular structures must be proved unequivocally before it can be recommended for general use.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Chirurgie
  • Esthétique et soins corporels
OBS

Les principes et techniques de la lipoplastie. Lipo-aspiration par tunnelisation, la graisse est molle et non liquide, ce terme est donc impropre il s'agit en fait d'un lipo-râpage par tunnelisation, la graisse râpée étant aspirée dans le même temps. L'opérateur utilise une canule de 4 ou 3 mm de diamètre branchée sur une aspiration. Cette canule est un tube à bout mousse, donc pas un objet tranchant ou coupant, et comporte à son extrémité distale quelques trous. Ce n'est ni plus ni moins qu'une râpe. Elle est introduite dans la masse graisseuse par un petit orifice cutané de 2 ou 3 mm de diamètre, masse qu'elle râpe en partant du centre vers la périphérie.

OBS

Dans le «liposhaving», le «shaver» remplace les canules. Il sert à la résection de la masse graisseuse sous-cutanée.

Spanish

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