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MICROBIAL REACTION [5 records]
Record 1 - internal organization data 2011-08-09
Record 1, English
Record 1, Subject field(s)
- Biological Sciences
Record 1, Main entry term, English
- lattice
1, record 1, English, lattice
correct
Record 1, Abbreviations, English
Record 1, Synonyms, English
Record 1, Textual support, English
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A network or framework, as of fibers, filaments or macromolecular chains. 2, record 1, English, - lattice
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
In order to prepare efficient immobilized E. coli cells, the type and concentration of bifunctional reagent for cross-linking and the concentration of acrylamide monomer for lattice formation were investigated systematically. These studies showed that microbial cells, macromolecular enzymes and nucleic acids are not lost from the gel lattice during the enzyme reaction, but the low molecular substrate and product can pass freely through the gel lattice. 2, record 1, English, - lattice
Record 1, French
Record 1, Domaine(s)
- Sciences biologiques
Record 1, Main entry term, French
- réseau
1, record 1, French, r%C3%A9seau
correct, masculine noun
Record 1, Abbreviations, French
Record 1, Synonyms, French
Record 1, Textual support, French
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Structure macromoléculaire tridimensionnelle dans laquelle les chaînes sont reliées entre elles par des liaisons le plus souvent covalentes. 1, record 1, French, - r%C3%A9seau
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Les enzymes sont immobilisées par diverses méthodes afin de prolonger le plus longtemps possible leur action dans le réacteur de production. Les molécules enzymatiques peuvent être retenues par adsorption ou par liaison chimique sur un support solide comme la cellulose. Elles peuvent aussi être emprisonnées dans un réseau formé par un polymère perméable, tel qu'un gel de silice. Elles peuvent enfin être enfermées dans des capsules sphériques faites de membranes de polymères semi-perméables. 2, record 1, French, - r%C3%A9seau
Record 1, Spanish
Record 1, Textual support, Spanish
Record 2 - internal organization data 2011-01-10
Record 2, English
Record 2, Subject field(s)
- Biological Sciences
Record 2, Main entry term, English
- electrostatic interaction
1, record 2, English, electrostatic%20interaction
correct
Record 2, Abbreviations, English
Record 2, Synonyms, English
- coulomb interaction 2, record 2, English, coulomb%20interaction
correct
Record 2, Textual support, English
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Attractive and repulsive electrical forces between charged particles - atoms, and/or groups of atoms, and/or molecules - that are caused both by the presence of ionized species and by the electropositive and electronegative properties of the atoms. 2, record 2, English, - electrostatic%20interaction
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Information on changes of enzymatic properties caused by the immobilization of enzymes and microbial cells is useful not only for the application of immobilized systems but also for the elucidation of structure-function relationships and mechanisms of enzyme reaction. The changes of enzymatic properties are considered to be caused by the following two factors. One is changes of the enzyme itself, and the other is physical and chemical properties of the carriers used for immobilization. The former involves modification of amino acid residues in the active center of the enzyme, conformational changes of the enzyme protein, and changes in the charge on the enzyme, while the latter involves the formation of diffusion layers around immobilized enzymes, steric hindrance effects, and electrostatic interactions between carrier and substrate. 3, record 2, English, - electrostatic%20interaction
Record 2, French
Record 2, Domaine(s)
- Sciences biologiques
Record 2, Main entry term, French
- interaction électrostatique
1, record 2, French, interaction%20%C3%A9lectrostatique
correct, feminine noun
Record 2, Abbreviations, French
Record 2, Synonyms, French
Record 2, Textual support, French
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Lorsque support et substrat sont tous deux électriquement chargés, il se crée, dans l'environnement immédiat de l'enzyme, des interactions électrostatiques, attractives ou répulsives, avec pour conséquence l'établissement d'un gradient de concentration du substrat et une variation de l'affinité apparente. - Km augmente si les charges du support et du substrat sont de même signe. - Km diminue si les charges sont de signe opposé. L'élévation de la force ionique du milieu tend à rapprocher les valeurs de KM pour l'enzyme native et l'enzyme immobilisée. 1, record 2, French, - interaction%20%C3%A9lectrostatique
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Les interactions électrostatiques ne sont par les seuls facteurs conditionnant la valeur du Km. Ainsi les facteurs diffusionnels au sein du réacteur jouent un rôle prépondérant. 1, record 2, French, - interaction%20%C3%A9lectrostatique
Record 2, Spanish
Record 2, Textual support, Spanish
Record 3 - internal organization data 2010-12-22
Record 3, English
Record 3, Subject field(s)
- Biological Sciences
Record 3, Main entry term, English
- enzyme column
1, record 3, English, enzyme%20column
correct
Record 3, Abbreviations, English
Record 3, Synonyms, English
- packed-bed column 2, record 3, English, packed%2Dbed%20column
correct
- packed column 2, record 3, English, packed%20column
correct
Record 3, Textual support, English
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Columns can be operated in an expanded bed form at higher flow rates, so preventing fouling and compression and improving mass transfer. Alternatively packed biocatalyst particles can be used in a trickle-flow mode as in some waste-water processes employing microbial flocs.... Packed columns allow a high concentration of biocatalyst to be used. The product molecules or other inhibitors produced during the reaction are constantly swept out of the reactor so that the concentration of products are minimized-so less product inhibition occurs.... The decay of enzyme columns packed with immobilized enzyme or immobilized microbial cells generally proceeds in an exponential pattern related to operating time. 2, record 3, English, - enzyme%20column
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Devices for continuous analysis using enzyme columns or enzyme-coated tubes have been developed to the stage where they can be commercialized. In order to scale up an enzyme column for industrial purposes, the following factors must be suitably selected; appropriate materials for the column, shape of the column, and a flow pump suitable for the pressure drop. 3, record 3, English, - enzyme%20column
Record 3, French
Record 3, Domaine(s)
- Sciences biologiques
Record 3, Main entry term, French
- colonne d'enzyme
1, record 3, French, colonne%20d%27enzyme
correct, feminine noun
Record 3, Abbreviations, French
Record 3, Synonyms, French
Record 3, Textual support, French
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Dans un premier type de réacteur, les enzymes insolubilisées, attachées à des particules, sont brassées dans le substrat. Cette technologie primitive, utilisée dans les industries agro-alimentaires, est simplement dérivée de celles utilisées pour les enzymes solubles. La récupération de l'enzyme insoluble reste délicate et s'opère au prix de grandes pertes. Aussi cette technique est-elle peu utilisée. Les autres types de réacteurs reposent sur le passage lent du substrat, à une vitesse déterminée par l'expérience, au travers d'une colonne d'enzyme immobilisée. Essentiellement, le produit de réaction circule X fois à travers la même colonne, jusqu'à l'obtention du rendement adéquat. De ce fait, le problème de la couche non agitée le long du support solide est atténué. 1, record 3, French, - colonne%20d%27enzyme
Record 3, Spanish
Record 3, Textual support, Spanish
Record 4 - internal organization data 2010-12-22
Record 4, English
Record 4, Subject field(s)
- Biological Sciences
- Biotechnology
Record 4, Main entry term, English
- side reaction
1, record 4, English, side%20reaction
correct
Record 4, Abbreviations, English
Record 4, Synonyms, English
Record 4, Textual support, English
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Reaction that takes place simultaneously with the reaction of primary interest. 2, record 4, English, - side%20reaction
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Spores of Aspergillus oryzae were immobilized by using CM-cellulose, P-cellulose, DEAE-cellulose or ECTEOLA-cellulose, and the invertase activity of the immobilized spore column was measured. The reaction rate decreased somewhat when the column length increased above a certain range. It may be considered that the reaction product is subsequently decomposed by other contaminating enzymes in the column. Thus in the case of immobilized microbial cells, it is necessary to consider side reactions catalyzed by other enzymes existing in the system. 3, record 4, English, - side%20reaction
Record 4, French
Record 4, Domaine(s)
- Sciences biologiques
- Biotechnologie
Record 4, Main entry term, French
- réaction secondaire
1, record 4, French, r%C3%A9action%20secondaire
correct, feminine noun
Record 4, Abbreviations, French
Record 4, Synonyms, French
- réaction parasite 2, record 4, French, r%C3%A9action%20parasite
correct, feminine noun
Record 4, Textual support, French
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Réaction à côté de la réaction primaire qui a lieu simultanément avec cette dernière. 3, record 4, French, - r%C3%A9action%20secondaire
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT
L'immobilisation des cellules entières paraît [...] avantageuse puisque le microorganisme devient lui-même un catalyseur capable d'opérer directement plusieurs étapes d'une voie fermentaire. Certaines conditions doivent être satisfaites : en premier lieu, substrats et produits de réaction doivent pouvoir transiter aisément à travers la membrane cellulaire. Le microorganisme ne doit pas contenir d'enzymes responsables de réactions parasites indésirables, ou celles-ci doivent pouvoir être facilement inactivées dans les conditions opératoires retenues. Enfin, les cellules ne doivent secréter aucune substance toxique pour l'organisme animal ou humain. 4, record 4, French, - r%C3%A9action%20secondaire
Record 4, Spanish
Record 4, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Ciencias biológicas
- Biotecnología
Record 4, Main entry term, Spanish
- reacción colateral
1, record 4, Spanish, reacci%C3%B3n%20colateral
correct, feminine noun
Record 4, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 4, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 4, Textual support, Spanish
Record 5 - internal organization data 2010-04-21
Record 5, English
Record 5, Subject field(s)
- Molecular Biology
- Biotechnology
Record 5, Main entry term, English
- adenosine triphosphate bioluminescence technology
1, record 5, English, adenosine%20triphosphate%20bioluminescence%20technology
correct
Record 5, Abbreviations, English
Record 5, Synonyms, English
- ATP bioluminescence technology 2, record 5, English, ATP%20bioluminescence%20technology
correct
Record 5, Textual support, English
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT
ATP bioluminescence technology is based on the reaction of the enzyme complex luciferase-luciferin, in the presence of oxygen ans magnesium, with ATP released from microbial cells resulting in the production of light. The light emitted is proportional to the amount of ATP released. 3, record 5, English, - adenosine%20triphosphate%20bioluminescence%20technology
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT
ATP bioluminescence technology reports results in relative light units (RLUs), which indicate the general level of organix residue or soil on a given surface. 4, record 5, English, - adenosine%20triphosphate%20bioluminescence%20technology
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS
ATP: adenosine triphosphate 1, record 5, English, - adenosine%20triphosphate%20bioluminescence%20technology
Record 5, French
Record 5, Domaine(s)
- Biologie moléculaire
- Biotechnologie
Record 5, Main entry term, French
- adénosine triphosphate-métrie bioluminescence
1, record 5, French, ad%C3%A9nosine%20triphosphate%2Dm%C3%A9trie%20bioluminescence
correct, feminine noun
Record 5, Abbreviations, French
Record 5, Synonyms, French
- ATP-métrie par bioluminescence 2, record 5, French, ATP%2Dm%C3%A9trie%20par%20bioluminescence
correct, feminine noun
Record 5, Textual support, French
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Méthode permettant de détecter la présence de bactéries à partir de leur contenu en ATP (adénosine triphosphate) qui est déterminé par des réactions enzymatiques produisant de la lumière (bioluminescence). 1, record 5, French, - ad%C3%A9nosine%20triphosphate%2Dm%C3%A9trie%20bioluminescence
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT
ATP-métrie par luminescence: l'ATP, qui est une source d'énergie présente dans toutes les cellules vivantes produit de la lumière en présence du complexe enzymatique luciférine-luciférase, d'oxygène et de magnésium. La quantité de lumière engendrée dépend de la quantité d'ATP et donc de la biomasse. 3, record 5, French, - ad%C3%A9nosine%20triphosphate%2Dm%C3%A9trie%20bioluminescence
Record 5, Spanish
Record 5, Textual support, Spanish
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