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Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

"The law with respect to the doctrine of scienter is relatively clear. The owner of a dog which bites another will not be liable simply for being the owner. Liability will only attach under the doctrine if ... three conditions ... have been satisfied: .... the plaintiff (not the defendant) must establish that the defendant was the owner of the dog, that the dog had manifested a propensity to cause the type of harm occasioned, and that the owner knew of that propensity."  1, fiche 1, Anglais, - doctrine%20of%20scienter

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ireland (IE) seems not to have introduced the concept of criminal liability of heads of businesses, requiring 'guilty knowledge' in any case.  4, fiche 1, Anglais, - doctrine%20of%20scienter

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Scienter. A degree of knowledge that makes a person legally responsible for the consequences of his or her act or omission; the fact of an act's having been done knowingly, especially as a ground for civil damages or criminal punishment.  5, fiche 1, Anglais, - doctrine%20of%20scienter

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Quant à l'Irlande, elle ne semble pas avoir introduit la notion de responsabilité pénale des chefs d'entreprise, exigeant une «connaissance coupable» dans tous les cas.  2, fiche 1, Français, - th%C3%A9orie%20de%20connaissance%20coupable

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Espagnol