TERMIUM Plus^®

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Doctrine of "mitigation of damages"... imposes on party injured by breach of contract or tort duty to exercise reasonable diligence and ordinary care in attempting to minimize his damages, or avoid aggravating the injury, after breach or injury has been inflicted and care and diligence required of him is the same as that which would be used by man of ordinary prudence under like circumstances.  2, fiche 1, Anglais, - mitigate%20damages

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A composite liability was imposed in a recent case on an organization for the acts of several servants, none of whom individually could be proved culpable. The defendant's buyer made a misrepresentation in reliance on information supplied to him by the accountant based on inadequate data. The latter was not liable because he had made no representation to the plaintiff, nor was the former because he was not negligent in passing it on. Yet their firm was held responsible, not vicariously, but presumably for breach of its personal duty of care.  1, fiche 2, Anglais, - composite%20liability

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Responsabilité attribuée à un groupe, mais non aux individus qui le composent.  2, fiche 2, Français, - responsabilit%C3%A9%20collective

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

To constitute a vital or material breach a defendant's nonperformance must be such as to go to the essence of the contract; it must be the type of breach that would discharge the injured party from further contractual duty on his part.  3, fiche 3, Anglais, - go%20to%20the%20essence%20of%20the%20contract

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il arrive pourtant un moment à partir duquel le retranchement atteint l'essence du contrat (...).  2, fiche 3, Français, - atteindre%20l%27essence%20du%20contrat

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Such damage, loss or injury as does not flow directly and immediately from the act of the party, but only from some of the consequences or results of such act.  5, fiche 4, Anglais, - indirect%20damage

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Damage may be direct, i. e. caused immediately by the conduct done in breach of duty, e. g. injury to a person in an accident, or indirect, or consequential, when it results from the conduct only after the intervention of other factors, e. g. pecuniary loss resulting from a vehicle being damaged. Whether and, if so, to what extent a person in breach of duty is legally liable to another to whom his breach has caused indirect or consequential damage raises the problem of remoteness of damage.  6, fiche 4, Anglais, - indirect%20damage

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

dommage indirect, préjudice indirect : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 4, Français, - dommage%20indirect

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In Canson, McLaughlin argues that the common law rules of remoteness and foreseeability should not be used when calculating the damages flowing from a breach of a fiduciary duty.  2, fiche 5, Anglais, - rules%20of%20remoteness

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

rules of remoteness: term usually used in the plural.  3, fiche 5, Anglais, - rules%20of%20remoteness

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

règles relatives à la proximité du dommage : terme habituellement utilisé au pluriel.  2, fiche 5, Français, - r%C3%A8gles%20relatives%20%C3%A0%20la%20proximit%C3%A9%20du%20dommage

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

With respect to the claim for negligence, Cromwell J. for the court accepted the trial judge’s finding of fact that there was no ongoing solicitor-client relationship.  2, fiche 6, Anglais, - claim%20for%20negligence

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 CONT

... we will be released... from any other claim for negligence, conversion, breach of trust, breach of fiduciary duty or otherwise.  3, fiche 6, Anglais, - claim%20for%20negligence

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Réclamation d'une somme d'argent exigée par une personne victime de négligence d'une autre.  3, fiche 6, Français, - r%C3%A9clamation%20pour%20n%C3%A9gligence

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] nous nous dégageons de toute autre réclamation pour négligence, appropriation illicite, abus de confiance, manquement à l'obligation de fiduciaire ou autre.  1, fiche 6, Français, - r%C3%A9clamation%20pour%20n%C3%A9gligence

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Can be used for Ram, Pry, Explosive and Shotgun Breach Training. Essentially, any techniques attacking the locks can be inexpensively and quickly repeated. The Breach Training Door is a heavy duty door and frame which can be mounted in existing facilities or used with the optional stand kit.  1, fiche 7, Anglais, - breach%20training%20door

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

porte d’entraînement aux brèches : terme préféré par la police militaire des Forces canadiennes.  3, fiche 7, Français, - porte%20d%26rsquo%3Bentra%C3%AEnement%20aux%20br%C3%A8ches

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

This duty could be violated in but one way, and hence it was sufficient to assign the breach, by negativing the words of the statute, which by adoption constituted a part of the condition of the bond.  2, fiche 8, Anglais, - assign%20the%20breach

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cette appréciation est valable, quel que soit l’agent auquel on puisse éventuellement attribuer la violation de sorte que, si les faits ne sont pas l’objet d’une enquête sérieuse [...]  2, fiche 8, Français, - attribuer%20la%20violation

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Ontario Court of Appeal appears to have adopted a professional medical standard, not only for determining what are the material risks that should be disclosed but also, and concurrently, for determining whether there has been a breach of the duty of disclosure.... To allow expert medical evidence to determine what risks are material and, hence, should be disclosed and, correlatively, what risks are not material is to hand over to the medical profession the entire question of the scope of the duty of disclosure, including the question whether there has been a breach of that duty.  2, fiche 9, Anglais, - professional%20medical%20standard

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Par le passé, les tribunaux appelés à se prononcer sur le bien-fondé des décisions prises par un médecin s'en remettaient à la «norme médicale professionnelle» [ ... ]  2, fiche 9, Français, - norme%20m%C3%A9dicale%20professionnelle

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

norme médicale professionnelle : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  3, fiche 9, Français, - norme%20m%C3%A9dicale%20professionnelle

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Professor Glanville Williams has argued that "judges have created the tort of breach of statutory duty partly because they have thought the criminal sanction provided by the statute to be insufficient".  2, fiche 10, Anglais, - breach%20of%20statutory%20duty

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le professeur Glanville Williams a soutenu que «les juges ont élaboré la règle suivant laquelle la violation d'un devoir légal engage la responsabilité de son auteur, en partie du moins, parce qu'ils étaient d'avis que la sanction pénale prévue par la loi était insuffisante».  1, fiche 10, Français, - violation%20d%27un%20devoir%20l%C3%A9gal

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The majority of the House of Lords held that the question of whether a failure to warn a patient of the risks inherent in proposed treatment constituted a breach of a doctor's duty of care was to be determined by applying the Bolam principle.  2, fiche 11, Anglais, - failure%20to%20warn

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il est possible, dans le cas d'une poursuite contre un fabricant pour défaut de mise en garde, d'y répondre adéquatement en première instance par voie de contre-interrogatoire [...]  2, fiche 11, Français, - d%C3%A9faut%20de%20mise%20en%20garde

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

défaut de mise en garde : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  3, fiche 11, Français, - d%C3%A9faut%20de%20mise%20en%20garde

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The suggestion that there might exceptionally be a case in which a breach of a public law duty could found a private law right of action has proved controversial and it may have been ill-advised to speculate upon such matters.  2, fiche 12, Anglais, - public%20law%20duty

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Eventually... it fell to the House of Lords in Hedley Byrne v. Heller, to set the law upon a new course by recognizing that negligent misrepresentation might well be actionable as breach of a tortious duty of care.  1, fiche 13, Anglais, - tortious%20duty%20of%20care

Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 14,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Since liability rests only in negligence, in a failure to disclose material risks, the issue of causation would be in the patient's hands on a subjective test, and would, if his evidence was accepted, result inevitably in liability unless, of course, there was a finding that there was no breach of the duty of disclosure  3, fiche 14, Anglais, - failure%20to%20disclose

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The principal issue considered by the Court of Appeal was whether the loss suffered by the patient was caused by the failure of disclosure by the doctor, or whether it would have occurred even if there had been full and proper disclosure.  4, fiche 14, Anglais, - failure%20to%20disclose

Fiche 14,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[ ... ] l'omission de divulguer les risques que comporte l'opération quelle que soit leur importance, devrait relever de la négligence et non des voies de fait.  4, fiche 14, Français, - omission%20de%20divulguer

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Il a formulé la question du consentement éclairé [ ... ] sur le fondement des voies de fait et de la négligence résultant du défaut de divulguer les risques courus.  4, fiche 14, Français, - omission%20de%20divulguer

Fiche 14,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 15,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

If one chooses "apparent subjective understanding" as the standard, a similar standard should equally be applied to govern which information should be withheld. When in other words it may be a breach of duty to give the patient certain information.  2, fiche 15, Anglais, - apparent%20subjective%20understanding

Fiche 15,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En choisissant comme critère la compréhension subjective manifeste, on devrait également appliquer un critère semblable à la détermination des renseignements qui doivent être dissimulés, c'est-à-dire à la détermination du moment où il y a violation de l'obligation d'informer le patient.  1, fiche 15, Français, - compr%C3%A9hension%20subjective%20manifeste

Fiche 15,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 16,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Failure to Perform Duty to Provide Necessaries. Failure to provide necessaries when there is a duty to do so, may constitute an offence in the absence of lawful excuse. The Criminal Code establishes the duty of parents and guardians to supply necessaries to children under sixteen, of married persons to supply necessaries to spouses, and of all persons having others under their charge to supply necessaries to those unable to withdraw from their charge because of detention, age, illness, insanity, or other cause and unable to provide themselves with necessaries.  6, fiche 16, Anglais, - failure%20to%20perform%20duty%20to%20provide%20necessaries

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Breach of duty to provide necessaries of life... can be intentional or passive and is characterized by withholding items or care necessary for daily living.  3, fiche 16, Anglais, - failure%20to%20perform%20duty%20to%20provide%20necessaries

Fiche 16,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le sous-alinéa 215(2) a) (ii) [du Code criminel] fait de l'omission de remplir l'obligation de fournir les choses nécessaires à l'existence une infraction lorsque «l'omission de remplir l'obligation met en danger la vie de la personne envers laquelle cette obligation doit être remplie, ou expose, ou est de nature à exposer, à un péril permanent la santé de cette personne».  1, fiche 16, Français, - omission%20de%20remplir%20l%27obligation%20de%20fournir%20les%20choses%20n%C3%A9cessaires%20%C3%A0%20l%27existence

Fiche 16,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 17,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Specially Sensitive Plaintiff... Where there has been a breach of that duty, a sensitive [plaintiff] who suffers special injury by reason of that sensitivity which would not be caused to a normal person, is still entitled to recover compensation.  1, fiche 17, Anglais, - specially%20sensitive%20plaintiff

Fiche 17,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 17,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 18,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

conforming to recognized principles or accepted rules and standards.  2, fiche 18, Anglais, - legitimate

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... State responsibility is governed by international standards..., and it depends on international law whether and to what extent the act or omission of a particular State is deemed legitimate or wrongful. Where the acts or omissions of a State measured by such standards are held to be legitimate, State responsibility does not arise. For example, as all States are generally conceded to have complete power to refuse to admit aliens into their territory, the States of which the aliens are nationals have no claim against any State which has refused ingress. Similarly, where international law concedes jurisdiction to a State which proceeds to exercise it, there is no breach of duty for which that State is responsible.  2, fiche 18, Anglais, - legitimate

Fiche 18,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Qualificatif désignant conformité à un principe supérieur d'ordre social. P. ex. : dans l'expression légitime défense. Appliqué à un gouvernement, indique que l'investiture de celui-ci est considérée comme conforme à un principe politique ou moral considéré, dans des circonstances de temps et de lieu données, comme fondamental.  1, fiche 18, Français, - l%C3%A9gitime

Fiche 18,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 19,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Satisfaction may be defined as any measure which the author of a breach of duty is bound to take under customary law or under an agreement by the parties to a dispute, a part from restitution or compensation. Satisfaction is an aspect of reparation in the broad sense. However, it is not easy to distinguish between pecuniary satisfaction and compensation in the case of breaches of duty not resulting in death, personal injuries, or damage to or loss of property. Claims of this sort are commonly expressed as a claim for an "indemnity". If there is a distinction, it would seem to be in the intention behind the demand. If it is predominantly that of seeking a token of regret and acknowledgment of wrongdoing then it is a matter of satisfaction. The objects of satisfaction are three, which are often cumulative; apologies or other acknowledgment of wrongdoing by means of a salute to the flag or payment of an indemnity; the punishment of the individuals concerned; and the taking of measures to prevent a recurrence of the harm.  2, fiche 19, Anglais, - satisfaction

Fiche 19,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Avantage d'ordre moral qu'obtient un État à titre de redressement d'un acte ou d'un comportement ayant engagé la responsabilité d'un autre État. Par ex., regrets, salut au drapeau, excuse, punition des agents responsables, proclamation par l'arbitre ou le juge du caractère illicite du comportement de l'État coupable.  1, fiche 19, Français, - satisfaction

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Reproduit de la Liste provisoire de termes juridiques se rapportant aux travaux de la Commission du droit international avec l'autorisation de l'Office des Nations Unies à Genève.  2, fiche 19, Français, - satisfaction

Fiche 19,  Justifications,  Espagnol