TERMIUM Plus^®

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A cancer slope factor gives the percent increase in the risk of getting cancer associated with a dose of a toxin(in mg [milligram] of toxin per kg [kilogram] of body weight) every day for a lifetime.... A risk assessor will apply cancer slope factors and unit risks to test results to calculate how many more cancer cases a population might be likely to see if that population had a lifetime of exposure to that amount of a toxin.... Cancer slope factors and unit risks are usually based on tests on laboratory animals. Sometimes(but rarely) they are based on human health studies from accidental exposure.  4, fiche 1, Anglais, - cancer%20slope%20factor

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Français

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Un coefficient de cancérogénicité (CC) relie la dose d'exposition d'une substance sans seuil d'effet avec la probabilité de développement d'un cancer attendue. Il est exprimé comme l'inverse d'une dose [...] et représente le nombre de cancers prédits par unité de dose. Le risque de cancer attendu correspond au produit de la dose d'exposition par le coefficient de cancérogénicité.  1, fiche 1, Français, - coefficient%20de%20canc%C3%A9rog%C3%A9nicit%C3%A9

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Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Guide RNAs (gRNAs) are tiny RNA [ribonucleic acid] transcripts that guide the editing machinery through base-pairing with the mRNAs [messenger ribonucleic acids] in edited regions. gRNAs are complementary to small segments of the fully edited mRNAs, and thus serve as mini-templates to guide the addition and deletion of Us from the pre-edited mRNA as they form a locally double-stranded RNA helix.  4, fiche 2, Anglais, - guide%20ribonucleic%20acid

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No one studying molecular biology can escape the impact that the CRISPR/Cas9 system has had on the field. In its natural environment, it functions as an adaptive bacterial immune system that can remember past viral infections. However, it is mainly known and popular as a highly versatile and precise tool for gene editing.... At the heart of the system is Cas9, a programmable and sequence‐specific endonuclease that introduces double‐strand breaks into DNA, which can be exploited to modify the DNA sequence in many different ways. The Cas9 cleavage site is determined by a small RNA molecule, termed guide RNA(gRNA), that base pairs with the target DNA and at the same time binds to Cas9 to initiate the site‐specific double‐strand break...  5, fiche 2, Anglais, - guide%20ribonucleic%20acid

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ARN s'associant à une enzyme ou à un complexe protéique, qui, lorsqu'il s'apparie à une séquence d'ARN ou d'ADN complémentaire, permet à l'enzyme ou au complexe protéique de se positionner sur cet ARN ou ADN complémentaire.  4, fiche 2, Français, - acide%20ribonucl%C3%A9ique%20guide

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ARN guide : désignation et définition publiées au Journal officiel de la République française le 28 mars 2018.  5, fiche 2, Français, - acide%20ribonucl%C3%A9ique%20guide

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Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Trauma history and re-traumatization. Workers also need to be aware of two aspects of trauma with victims of terrorism : previous trauma and repeat trauma... First, 9/11 had the strongest impact on people who had a history of trauma... Second, once traumatized, the person is more vulnerable to re-traumatization by other events... Of particular note, watching television coverage related to the terrorist event can have a negative effect on the trauma reaction of both adults and children...  1, fiche 3, Anglais, - re%2Dtraumatization

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Français

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Ce qui déclenche la retraumatisation peut être perceptible ou compréhensible pour autrui, comme le grand stress d'une personne ayant survécu des abus sexuels lorsqu'elle est touchée sans son accord. Mais des déclencheurs non perceptibles, et plus difficilement compréhensibles pour autrui, peuvent également provoquer une expérience de retraumatisation, par exemple, entendre un son qui rappelle l'événement traumatique ou interagir avec une personne ayant des traits rappelant cet événement.  2, fiche 3, Français, - retraumatisation

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Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Anglais

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What will the PRRA officer take into account in assessing my application? In the examination of your application, the PRRA officer will determine whether or not you would face risks if you were to be returned to your country of nationality or habitual residence. The officer will consider the following information : 1. The information on your completed Application for a Pre-Removal Risk Assessment(IMM 5508) ;2. Your immigration file; and 3. Your written submissions and any new evidence that you have submitted; 4. If you have had a refugee protection claim heard by the Immigration and Refugee Board, the decision and reasons your refugee claim was refused, as well as any documents completed by the... Board in its assessment of your claim.  3, fiche 4, Anglais, - pre%2Dremoval%20risk%20assessment%20officer

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Lorsqu'il examinera votre demande, l'agent d'ERAR déterminera si, oui ou non, vous serez exposé à des risques advenant votre retour dans votre pays de nationalité ou de résidence habituelle. L'agent prendra en compte les éléments suivants : 1. l'information que vous avez incluse dans le formulaire Demande d'examen des risques avant renvoi (IMM 5508); 2. l'information figurant à votre dossier d'immigrant; et 3. vos observations écrites et tout élément de preuve nouveau que vous avez soumis; 4. si vous avez présenté une demande d'asile à la Commission de l'immigration et du statut de réfugié, la décision de la Commission et les motifs pour lesquels elle a rejeté votre demande, ainsi que tout document établi par la Commission dans son évaluation de votre demande.  5, fiche 4, Français, - agent%20d%27examen%20des%20risques%20avant%20renvoi

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Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Decades ago, at crossroads as a nation, we chose urban development and industrialisation, which leapfrogged us into the ranks of the first world. Hardly any first-world nations had to choose between industrialisation and agriculture; our size meant difficult choices had to be made. What fell on the wayside was a tradition of small-hold agriculture and farmers, and so the knowledge, lore and land wisdom faded away with them.  1, fiche 5, Anglais, - small%2Dhold%20agriculture

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Français

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Pour une culture à petite échelle, c’est surtout une question de choix individuel. Cela peut aller de 3 à 10 plants par m². Cultiver en mini têtards : chaque plant a une hauteur de 300 mm à 1 m. Avec cette technique, la récolte à la main est moins fatiguante, mais les brins sont souvent courbés à la base.  1, fiche 5, Français, - culture%20%C3%A0%20petite%20%C3%A9chelle

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Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The primary aims for human-rated launchers are to carry the astronauts safely to their destination, and back again to Earth.... These are quite different requirements from those for an unmanned spacecraft launch system. Except in a very few cases, for these there is no need to bring the spacecraft back to Earth, and the consequences of an accident, while expensive, are not tragic. Historically the requirements for human rating were not specific. Basically, a human-rated launcher had to be demonstrated to be reliable, usually by several unmanned flights, during which all the systems on which the survival of the crew depended were tested, and found to work successfully.  3, fiche 6, Anglais, - human%2Drated

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Se dit d'un système spatial qui respecte des spécifications de fiabilité et de sécurité permettant la présence à bord d'êtres humains pour la durée de sa mission.  1, fiche 6, Français, - qualifi%C3%A9%20pour%20le%20vol%20spatial%20habit%C3%A9

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qualifié pour le vol spatial habité : désignation et définition publiées au Journal officiel de la République française le 26 janvier 2025.  2, fiche 6, Français, - qualifi%C3%A9%20pour%20le%20vol%20spatial%20habit%C3%A9

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Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Early slip sensors utilized either vibration sensing or displacement sensing to detect the presence of object slippage relative to a robot hand. These methods however had the drawback that slip could only be detected after it had started to occur.  2, fiche 7, Anglais, - slip%20sensor

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[...] le contrôle de la force de serrage est réalisé par des capteurs de pression disposés à la base des doigts. Des capteurs de glissement sont également implantés au bout de chaque doigt. Ils permettent une régulation de la pression de serrage.  2, fiche 7, Français, - capteur%20de%20glissement

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Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Scientists at the University of Colorado, Boulder, had developed a first and fully re-healable and recyclable electronic material. This novel technology functions like properties of human skin, capable of measuring pressure, temperature and vibration. Technically, it's a self-healing robot[, ] for instance if robots are wrapped in an electronic material that mimics... human skin[, ] theoretically it can also sense objects that are too hot or too cold or if more or less pressure needs to be exerted on an object. If this material is beyond repair, then it can be soaked in a solution that separates out the silver nanoparticles then be fully recycled into new usable material...  1, fiche 8, Anglais, - self%2Dhealing%20robot

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self-healing robot: designation validated by a Canadian subject-matter expert from Polytechnique Montréal.  2, fiche 8, Anglais, - self%2Dhealing%20robot

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robot autoréparable : désignation validée par un spécialiste canadien de Polytechnique Montréal.  1, fiche 8, Français, - robot%20autor%C3%A9parable

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Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Anglais

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This paper presents a cooperative, multi-robot solution for searching, excavating, and transporting mineral resources on the Moon.... Our results demonstrate the potential of using autonomous robots for autonomous in-situ resource utilization(ISRU) on the Moon.... To fulfill the mission requirements, a heterogeneous team of up to six rovers could be selected from three types of rovers : scout, hauler, and excavator... Each rover had unique capabilities to assist in the lunar ISRU mission task. The scout rover was equipped with a sensor package to detect volatile resources of different types underground. The excavator rover included a 4 degrees of freedom robotic arm with a bucket end-effector to collect the resources. The hauler rover included a truck bed to transport the resources to the processing plant.  1, fiche 9, Anglais, - hauler%20rover

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hauler rover; hauler: designations validated by a Canadian subject-matter expert from the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology.  3, fiche 9, Anglais, - hauler%20rover

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rover : Bien que la désignation soit considérée comme un anglicisme selon certains auteurs, elle semble avoir été adoptée par la communauté scientifique.  1, fiche 9, Français, - astromobile%20de%20transport

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astromobile de transport; rover de transport : désignations validées par un spécialiste canadien du NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology.  2, fiche 9, Français, - astromobile%20de%20transport

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Espagnol

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astromóvil de carga: designación validada por un experto de la Comisión de Terminología, Sociedad Española de Astronomía, España.  2, fiche 9, Espagnol, - astrom%C3%B3vil%20de%20carga

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The ratio of the number of deaths observed in the study group or population to the number that would be expected if the study population had the same specific rates as the standard population.  3, fiche 10, Anglais, - standardized%20mortality%20ratio

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[It is often] multiplied by 100.  3, fiche 10, Anglais, - standardized%20mortality%20ratio

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Français

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Rapport du nombre de décès observés dans la population ou le groupe étudié au nombre de décès auquel on se serait attendu si la population étudiée avait les mêmes taux spécifiques que la population standard [...]  6, fiche 10, Français, - rapport%20standardis%C3%A9%20de%20mortalit%C3%A9

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Ce rapport est généralement exprimé sous forme de pourcentage.  6, fiche 10, Français, - rapport%20standardis%C3%A9%20de%20mortalit%C3%A9

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Il s'agit d'une méthode de standardisation indirecte.  7, fiche 10, Français, - rapport%20standardis%C3%A9%20de%20mortalit%C3%A9

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Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Using the empty chair technique with students can be very helpful. Students can talk to an "empty chair" and communicate with the person who they lost and share what they never had a chance to say.  1, fiche 11, Anglais, - empty%20chair%20technique

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Français

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La «technique de la chaise vide» développée en Gestalt [...] s'avère une autre bonne technique pour développer les habiletés relationnelles et aider un client à prendre conscience tant de ses blocages mentaux que du pouvoir qu'il a de changer ses comportements, ses pensées ou encore ses émotions.  1, fiche 11, Français, - technique%20de%20la%20chaise%20vide

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Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Anglais

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An organometallic chemist... had synthesized titanium metallocenes that met my requirements. The rings were bridged with a two-carbon linkage, and organic groups attached to the rings imposed constraints that were identical viewed from either attachment position. This was a molecule with the symmetry of a playing card. The resulting polymer should be isotactic whether or not Cossee's back-skip reactions occurred.  2, fiche 12, Anglais, - organometallic%20chemist

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Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Moon landing sites had to be carefully chosen based not only on the topography of the site but also because it would determine the trajectory and flight path of the [lunar module], with a relatively narrow launch window to get to the moon.  2, fiche 13, Anglais, - lunar%20landing%20site

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Le site d'atterrissage sur la Lune devait répondre à un grand nombre de contraintes [...]  3, fiche 13, Français, - site%20d%27atterrissage%20sur%20la%20Lune

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site d'alunissage : L'utilisation de la désignation «alunissage» pour désigner l'atterrissage d'un engin spatial sur la Lune est critiquée et jugée superflue par plusieurs auteurs, le nom «atterrissage» faisant référence à la terre ferme, c'est-à-dire au sol, et non à la Terre.  4, fiche 13, Français, - site%20d%27atterrissage%20sur%20la%20Lune

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Fiche 14,  Justifications,  Anglais

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... in determining whether an individual or entity had practised discrimination under the relevant legislation, it was appropriate for the Court to consider "adverse effect discrimination" which may be described as the imposition of obligations, penalties or restrictive conditions that result from a policy or practice which is on its face neutral but which has a disproportionately negative effect on an individual or group because of a special characteristic of that individual or group.  3, fiche 14, Anglais, - adverse%2Deffect%20discrimination

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... pour déterminer si une personne morale ou physique s'est livrée à de la discrimination au sens de la loi pertinente, il convenait que la Cour examine la question de la «discrimination par suite d'un effet préjudiciable», qu'on peut définir comme l'imposition d'obligations, de peines ou de conditions restrictives résultant d'une politique ou d'une pratique qui est neutre à première vue, mais qui a un effet négatif disproportionné sur un individu ou un groupe d'individus en raison d'une caractéristique spéciale de cet individu ou de ce groupe d'individus.  3, fiche 14, Français, - discrimination%20indirecte

Fiche 14,  Justifications,  Espagnol

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Los cambios legales requieren ser reforzados con medidas administrativas y de tipo legal. Se dan, además, situaciones en que se aplica normas no discriminatorias, pero la interpretación que se hace de ellas genera diferencias, y es lo que se llama "discriminación indirecta".  1, fiche 14, Espagnol, - discriminaci%C3%B3n%20indirecta

Fiche 15,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Supplies of fuel(usually coal but sometimes oil) and water could be carried on the [steam] locomotive frame itself(in which case it was called a tank engine) or in a separate vehicle, the tender, coupled to the locomotive. The tender of a typical European main-line locomotive had a capacity of 9, 000 kg(10 tons) of coal and 30, 000 litres(8, 000 gallons) of water. In North America, higher capacities were common.  2, fiche 15, Anglais, - tender

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Wagon auxiliaire qui suit une locomotive à vapeur et contient le combustible et l'eau nécessaires à son approvisionnement [...]  2, fiche 15, Français, - tender

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Fiche 16,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The board to which the rollers ... are attached in an organ.  3, fiche 16, Anglais, - rollerboard

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Throughout the organ restoration, two teams worked in parallel, one in the Oratory to restore pipework and windchests, the other one in the workshop to restore the console woodwork and to build the new action elements. All action parts between the manuals and the windchests had to be rebuilt. The console wiring, backfalls, squares, trackers, guides and rollerboards were rebuilt based on the original.  4, fiche 16, Anglais, - rollerboard

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Partie de la mécanique d'un orgue qui met en communication les touches des claviers et les soupapes des sommiers.  2, fiche 16, Français, - abr%C3%A9g%C3%A9

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Tout au long de la restauration de l'orgue, deux équipes travaillent en parallèle, l'une à l'Oratoire pour restaurer la tuyauterie et les sommiers, l'autre à l'atelier pour restaurer les boiseries de la console et construire les nouvelles pièces de mécanique. Toutes les mécaniques entre les claviers et les sommiers sont à refaire. Les fils de console, balanciers, équerres, vergettes, guides et abrégés sont reconstruits sur le tracé d'origine.  3, fiche 16, Français, - abr%C3%A9g%C3%A9

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Tabla de madera vertical colocada detrás y arriba del teclado que cuenta con una serie de molinetes horizontales, los cuales transfieren el movimiento de las teclas a las ventillas del secreto.  2, fiche 16, Espagnol, - tablero%20de%20reducci%C3%B3n

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[La varilla] transfiere el movimiento de una tecla a la ventilla correspondiente del secreto directamente o indirectamente por medio de los molinetes en el tablero de reducción.  2, fiche 16, Espagnol, - tablero%20de%20reducci%C3%B3n

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... any solid or liquid that is brought on board a vessel to increase the draft, [to] change the trim, [to] regulate the stability or to maintain stress loads within acceptable limits.  2, fiche 17, Anglais, - ballast

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Prior to the 1880s, ships used solid ballast materials such as rocks and sand, which had to be manually shoveled into cargo holds, and similarly discharged when cargo was to be loaded on board. If not properly secured, solid ballast was prone to shifting in heavy seas causing instability. With the introduction of steel-hulled vessels and pumping technology, water became the ballast of choice.  2, fiche 17, Anglais, - ballast

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[...] tout solide ou liquide transporté à bord [d'un] bâtiment pour en accroître le tirant d'eau, [pour] en modifier l'assiette, [pour] en assurer la stabilité ou [pour] maintenir à un niveau acceptable les tensions imposées par la charge.  3, fiche 17, Français, - lest

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Avant les années 1880, les navires utilisaient des matières solides (p. ex., pierres, sable), qui devaient être pelletées dans les cales et enlevées de la même façon au moment du chargement des marchandises. Le ballast devait être bien arrimé pour éviter tout ripage en conditions de grosse mer et, de là, toute déstabilisation du navire. Avec l'introduction des navires à coque d'acier et de la technologie du pompage, l'eau s'est imposée comme [...] matériel de ballastage de prédilection.  3, fiche 17, Français, - lest

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Peso material que se carga para asegurar la estabilidad del buque.  2, fiche 17, Espagnol, - lastre

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También cabe la acepción cuando se dice de un peso que se carga en una embarcación para que ésta se sumerja, hasta un calado conveniente.  2, fiche 17, Espagnol, - lastre

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Elective repeat caesarean section(ERCS) : Planned caesarean birth by a client who has had one or more prior caesarean births. The birth may or may not be scheduled.  2, fiche 18, Anglais, - elective%20repeat%20caesarean%20section

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césarienne itérative élective : L'utilisation de l'adjectif «élective», sous l'influence de l'anglais «elective» comme synonyme de «programmée» est critiquée.  4, fiche 18, Français, - c%C3%A9sarienne%20it%C3%A9rative%20programm%C3%A9e

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The Pacific salmon conservation stamp [has] had a big impact in [the province]. Since it became a requirement for anglers to buy a stamp and affix it to their federal [fishing] licences each year, the stamp — a reproduction of a painting by [an] artist — has directly raised $10-million for the [salmon foundation. ] The stamp... must be affixed to a licence if an angler wants to retain any salmon caught...  1, fiche 19, Anglais, - Pacific%20salmon%20conservation%20stamp

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Precatch loss is [a] type of incidental mortality caused by fishing. Examples of precatch losses include the incidental crushing or smothering of marine organisms that may occur from laying traps or pots or trawling. There have been examples where a predator has eaten a fish caught on a longline... This can be considered a precatch loss because the animal may not have been consumed by the predator if fishing had not been occurring in the area...  2, fiche 20, Anglais, - pre%2Dcatch%20loss

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pre-catch loss; precatch loss: designations usually used in the plural.  5, fiche 20, Anglais, - pre%2Dcatch%20loss

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[...] la politique ne s'applique pas, en règle générale, à la mortalité par pêche accidentelle découlant des pertes avant capture [...] (p. ex., les poissons qui s'échappent du filet avant que celui-ci soit remonté et qui meurent des suites de leurs blessures) [...]  4, fiche 20, Français, - perte%20avant%20capture

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perte avant capture; perte pré-capture : désignations habituellement utilisées au pluriel.  5, fiche 20, Français, - perte%20avant%20capture

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The total mortality rate estimated from the lengths in the scientific surveys, the number of fishing days of a fleet per season, the percentage of immature individuals as well as the amount of gear per fishing area are indicators of fishing pressure on a population. For example, a mean total mortality rate estimated during a period when fishing would not have had an impact on the health of the population can serve as a target reference point. Recommendations aimed at reducing the level of withdrawal can then be issued when this target reference is exceeded.  2, fiche 21, Anglais, - fishing%20pressure

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Le taux de mortalité totale moyen estimé à partir des longueurs dans les relevés scientifiques, le nombre de jours de pêche d'une flotte par saison, le pourcentage d'individus immatures ainsi que le nombre annuel d'engins par zone de pêche sont des indicateurs pertinents de la pression de pêche sur une population. Certains peuvent servir au développement de points de référence. Par exemple, un taux de mortalité totale moyen estimé au cours d'une période où la pêche n'aurait pas eu d'impact sur la santé de la population peut servir de point de référence cible. Des recommandations qui visent la diminution du niveau de prélèvement peuvent alors être émises lorsque ce taux de référence cible est dépassé.  2, fiche 21, Français, - pression%20de%20p%C3%AAche

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The Dominion Abitibi Band in the Province of Quebec had not previously held a reserve, and 100 acres in the Township of Dalquier in the District of Abitibi were purchased with band funds to be developed as a residential site.  3, fiche 22, Anglais, - Dominion%20Abitibi%20Band

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"Quebec group" of the Lake Abitibi band became known as the Dominion Abitibi band. The Dominion Abitibi band is now known as the Abitibiwinni (or Pikogan) band and the "Ontario group" of the Lake Abitibi band is now known as the Wahgoshig band.  4, fiche 22, Anglais, - Dominion%20Abitibi%20Band

Fiche 22,  Justifications,  Français

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Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Network slowdowns or delays can also be costly because, at many firms, the actual billed time must be adjusted fairly to reflect how much time the tasks should have taken had there been no technical difficulties.  3, fiche 23, Anglais, - billed%20hours

Fiche 23,  Justifications,  Français

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Only when microscopic examination clearly shows that age cracks are overpainted, one can be sure that one deals with a layer applied several decades after the original one had already been subjected to a physical aging process.  1, fiche 24, Anglais, - age%20crack

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[...] les craquelures qui se forment alors que le film de peinture est sec sont nommées craquelures d'âge. Elles apparaissent du fait de facteurs mécaniques externes.  2, fiche 24, Français, - craquelure%20d%27%C3%A2ge

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Damages in a breach of warranty claim will usually be measured in order to compensate the claimant and put it in the position it would have been in had the information, as warranted by the defendant party, been true.  3, fiche 25, Anglais, - breach%20of%20warranty%20claim

Fiche 25,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

réclamation pour rupture de garantie; réclamation pour violation de garantie : désignations tirées du mini-lexique «Intelligence artificielle et droit» et reproduites avec l'autorisation du Centre de ressources en français juridique de l'Université de Saint-Boniface.  2, fiche 25, Français, - r%C3%A9clamation%20pour%20rupture%20de%20garantie

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… the net "not fishing" could be traced to the gear being off the bottom, mainly due to insufficient groundrope weighting. To counteract this, drilled steel bobbins were added to the groundrope at strategic points where observations had indicated uplift was greatest.  2, fiche 26, Anglais, - weighting

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 PHR

groundrope weighting  2, fiche 26, Anglais, - weighting

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Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Fixation [de poids à la partie inférieure d'un] engin de pêche.  2, fiche 26, Français, - lestage

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 PHR

lestage du bourrelet  3, fiche 26, Français, - lestage

Fiche 26,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] aunque sí existen los suficientes indicios actualmente como para plantear una cierta regionalización de las artes de pesca o al menos el empleo de diferentes artefactos de lastrado en las mismas.  1, fiche 26, Espagnol, - lastrado

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The rigging included a boom which had a travelling block and was located atop the cabin. In the aft section there was an aluminum seine drum driven by two hydraulic motors, vertical rollers on spooling gear which guided the net as it came up over the stern and a hydraulically operated ramp. The slanting ramp could be raised hydraulically after the fish had been landed on it.  1, fiche 27, Anglais, - boom

Fiche 27,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le gréement comportait notamment un mât de charge muni d'une poulie de va-et-vient se trouvant au-dessus de la cabine. À la partie arrière du bateau se trouvait un tambour à senne en aluminium entraîné par deux moteurs hydrauliques, des galets verticaux servant à guider le filet pendant sa remontée au-dessus de l'arrière, ainsi qu'une rampe hydraulique. La rampe pouvait être relevée par commande hydraulique une fois le poisson à bord.  2, fiche 27, Français, - m%C3%A2t%20de%20charge

Fiche 27,  Justifications,  Espagnol

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Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The enormous weight of the turret and the poorly designed turret bearings meant the tank had to be on flat ground in order to traverse the main gun. Nor could the gun be fired while on the move.  3, fiche 28, Anglais, - turret%20bearing

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... removal of the turrets from the [warship] had actually begun prior to any thought of their reutilization, ashore or elsewhere. Since no effort was then being made to preserve their integrity, the turret shells were cut at an extremely delicate point in the interests of salvage expediency. Consequently, their reassembly some two years later demanded that the segments be aligned and welded with painstaking accuracy.  2, fiche 29, Anglais, - turret%20shell

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Fiche 30,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The Mohawks, who were commonly referred to as Iroquois by the French, formed a League of Five Nations of the people of the Longhouse several generations prior to the arrival of Europeans on the North American continent. The Oneidas, "Standing Stone People", had their villages west of the Mohawks around Oneida Lake. The Onondagas, "Peoples" of the Hills", settled along Onondaga Creek; the Cayugas, "Great Pipe People", by Cayuga Lake; the Senecas, "People of the Great Mountain", alongside Canadaigua Lake... The Five nations refer to themselves as the "Hotinonsonni" which translated into English means "The People of the Longhouse". The French used the term "Iroquois Confederacy" while the British used the term "Six Nations Confederacy" when referring to the Hotinonsonni... The Hotinonsonni allied themselves into one League. They compared themselves to a long bark house, where there would be five fireplaces, but all would form one family. The Mohawks are the keepers of the eastern door of that Longhouse. The Onondagas, in the centre, are the firekeepers, and they are the capital of the League. The Senecas are keepers of the western door.  1, fiche 30, Anglais, - Hotinonsonni

Fiche 30,  Justifications,  Français

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Plusieurs générations avant l'arrivée des Européens sur le continent nord-américain, les Mohawks, que les Français appelèrent subséquemment Iroquois, s'étaient regroupés en une ligue des Cinq-Nations du peuple de la maison longue. Les Oneidas, ou peuple de la Pierre debout, avaient implanté leurs villages à l'ouest de ceux de Mohawks, autour du lac Oneida. Les Onondagas, ou peuple des Collines, vivaient le long de la crique Onondaga; les Cayugas, ou peuple du Calumet, occupaient les rives du lac Cayuga tandis que les Sénécas, ou peuple de la grande Colline, résidaient près du lac Canadaigua. [...] En parlant d'elles-mêmes, les Cinq-Nations employaient Hotinonsonni, qui veut dire «peuple de la Maison longue». Les Français, eux, parlaient de la Confédération iroquoise alors que les Britanniques préféraient l'expression Confédération des Six-Nations [...] Les Hotinonsonnis s'allièrent pour former une Ligue. Ils se comparaient à une longue cabane d'écorce contenant cinq feux et où tous ne formeraient qu'une seule famille. Les Mohawks gardaient la porte orientale de la Maison longue, et les Onondagas, au centre, surveillaient le feu et formaient le siège de la capitale de la Ligue. Les Sénécas, quant à eux, veillaient sur la porte occidentale.  1, fiche 30, Français, - Hotinonsonni

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Fiche 31,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On 31 March 1995 the Security Council restructured UNPROFOR [United Nations Protection Force], the first peacekeeping mission to be deployed in the former Yugoslavia and which had been in operation from 21 March 1992 to 31 March 1995. This restructuring created the United Nations Peace Forces(UNPF), which was responsible for the oversight of three separate but interlinked peacekeeping missions in the region, also established from the restructuring of UNPROFOR[. ]  3, fiche 31, Anglais, - United%20Nations%20Peace%20Forces

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Fiche 32,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Active claimants are those who had an active EI [employment insurance] Part I regular claim when they requested assistance under Part II of the "Employment Insurance Act. "Typically, they have stronger recent labour force attachment and tend to be able to return to work more quickly than those with weaker ties to the labour market.  1, fiche 32, Anglais, - active%20claimant

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Les prestataires actifs sont ceux dont la demande de prestations régulières relevant de la partie I de l'assurance-emploi est active au moment où ils demandent de l'aide en vertu de la partie II de la «Loi sur l'assurance-emploi». Ils ont généralement des liens récents et solides avec le marché du travail et sont plus aptes à retourner rapidement au travail que les personnes ayant été peu actives sur le marché du travail.  1, fiche 32, Français, - prestataire%20actif

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Fiche 33,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The [Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada] found the stamps in her passport to be inconclusive evidence of her presence in Canada, and that the applicant had failed to submit sufficient and satisfactory evidence of her physical presence in Canada.  1, fiche 33, Anglais, - inconclusive%20evidence

Fiche 33,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La [Commission de l'immigration et du statut de réfugié du Canada] a conclu que les timbres dans son passeport étaient une preuve non concluante de sa présence au Canada, et que la demanderesse n'avait pas fourni de preuve suffisante et satisfaisante de sa présence physique au Canada.  1, fiche 33, Français, - preuve%20non%20concluante

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Fiche 34,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

To be allowed entry, all visitors must pass a health screening, which includes the following criteria : visitors with fever, cough, sore throat or flu-like symptoms will not be admitted[;] visitors displaying symptoms of other acute respiratory illness, as well as those who have traveled recently... will not be admitted[;] visitors who have had close contact with individuals who are known to be infected or suspected of being infected will not be admitted.  2, fiche 34, Anglais, - health%20screening

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[Un] dépistage sanitaire a été mis en place[. Le] protocole de dépistage de [l'Organisation internationale pour les migrations] inclut un formulaire de déclaration sanitaire, un contrôle de la température, l'observation des symptômes (le cas échéant), le lavage des mains et la communication sur les risques.  2, fiche 34, Français, - d%C3%A9pistage%20sanitaire

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Fiche 35,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The fragility of the enamel was taken into account when considering the removal of the tarnish. Chemical treatment was not an option as the solvent may become trapped in between the enamel and metal causing further deterioration. Mechanical removal with minimum abrasion was chosen as the safest treatment. Surface tarnish had to be left in difficult to access areas where the enamel layers might have been at risk.  2, fiche 35, Anglais, - surface%20tarnish

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Arm's-length bargaining. This agreement has been negotiated at arm's length by parties of equal bargaining strength, each represented by counsel or having had but declined the opportunity to be represented by counsel and having participated in the drafting of this agreement. This agreement creates no fiduciary or other special relationship between the parties, and no such relationship otherwise exists.  2, fiche 36, Anglais, - arm%27s%2Dlength%20negotiation

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

arm’s length negotiation: term extracted from the "Glossaire de l’économie" and reproduced with permission of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.  4, fiche 36, Anglais, - arm%27s%2Dlength%20negotiation

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négociation dans des conditions de pleine concurrence; négociation d'égal à égal : termes extraits du «Glossaire de l'économie» et reproduits avec l'autorisation de l'Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  2, fiche 36, Français, - n%C3%A9gociation%20dans%20des%20conditions%20de%20pleine%20concurrence

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Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Fish planting is one of the big jobs a ranger had to do in summer.... It was done by loading the fry in pack cans, usually five gallon cans, then transporting the cans by truck and pack mules to the lakes and streams in the remote areas of [Yosemite National] Park. This moving of the fry had to be done with great care to insure that the temperature of the water in the cans was held within a few degrees to the water temperature of the hatchery where they were spawned.  3, fiche 37, Anglais, - fish%20stocking

Fiche 37,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Déversement de poissons vivants dans un cours d'eau, dans le but de rehabiliter les populations halieutiques indigènes.  4, fiche 37, Français, - empoissonnement

Fiche 37,  Justifications,  Espagnol

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La Junta de Andalucía llevó a cabo hoy en El Rompido (Huelva) una repoblación de peces mediante la liberación al mar de 500 juveniles lenguados y 250 parrachos, un pez plano parecido al rodaballo y de valor comercial superior.  2, fiche 37, Espagnol, - siembra%20de%20peces

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... analyses discussed here generally had convergent views on the relevant criteria for evaluating potential... horizontal escalation strategies... The most important considerations for an option can be addressed under three headings : its potential value; its [vertical] escalation risk; and its costs to other priorities.  2, fiche 38, Anglais, - horizontal%20escalation%20strategy

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An early-stage company that has a repeatable, scalable business model and is entering a rapid and consistent growth phase.  5, fiche 39, Anglais, - scale%2Dup%20company

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A scale-up company is more advanced than a startup. They have already proven there is a need and desire for their products and services in the marketplace and have had some success. The company is stable and sustainable, and your job may be well-defined.  6, fiche 39, Anglais, - scale%2Dup%20company

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A scale-up company is said to be growing by 20% over three consecutive years and having at least 10 employees at the beginning of the three-year period. Scale-ups may become gazelle companies.  5, fiche 39, Anglais, - scale%2Dup%20company

Fiche 39,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Entreprise en début de croissance dont le modèle d'opération est caractérisé par un revenu récurrent et une augmentation exponentielle des profits, et qui entre dans une phase de croissance rapide et constante.  4, fiche 39, Français, - entreprise%20en%20expansion

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les [...] jeunes pousses qui se développent en entreprises de plus grande taille représentent une part importante de ces entreprises à forte croissance. […] Ces […] entreprises en expansion peuvent également offrir des avantages sociaux, en proposant notamment des conditions de travail plus souples et plus modernes.  5, fiche 39, Français, - entreprise%20en%20expansion

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 2 CONT

[...] si on se réfère à la littérature sur les cycles de vie des entreprises [...] nous ne nous concentrons que sur les phases dites de «croissance précoce» ou «croissance rapide» et donc pas sur celles, en amont, d'amorçage et de démarrage ou, en aval, de maturité. [Certains utilisent] le terme d'entreprise «adolescente» qui est également éclairant.  6, fiche 39, Français, - entreprise%20en%20expansion

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

entreprise de croissance : ce terme rend moins précisément la notion d'«entreprise en expansion» et pourrait désigner n'importe quel type d'entreprise en croissance, dont les entreprises en expansion.  4, fiche 39, Français, - entreprise%20en%20expansion

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Simply put, if a matrilineage(a group of animals closely related through the female line) has had [almost] exclusive use of an area, other matrilineages will also tend to remain in "their" area and be less likely to discover newly available habitat.  2, fiche 40, Anglais, - matrilineage

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Such patterns are likely due to matrilineages showing fidelity to summering areas …  3, fiche 40, Anglais, - matrilineage

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Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Autrement dit, si une région connaît un matrilignage (un groupe d'individus étroitement apparentés par la lignée femelle) quasi exclusif, les individus d'autres matrilignages auront également tendance à rester dans «leur» région et à être moins susceptibles de découvrir un habitat nouvellement disponible.  2, fiche 40, Français, - matrilignage

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In the event a member is away from flying duties for a significant portion of the year and they cannot meet this minimum annual flying rate, the requirement for a check ride can be waived providing the member had a check ride in the current year and they have maintained a monthly flying rate in keeping with the annual requirements.  3, fiche 41, Anglais, - monthly%20flying%20rate

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Competitive branding became a necessity of the machine age-within a context of manufactured sameness, image-based difference had to be manufactured along with the product.  2, fiche 42, Anglais, - competitive%20branding

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[...] dans une société où l'on a dorénavant une hallucinante abondance de choix, un bon positionnement de marque doit aller plus loin que la description du produit.  2, fiche 42, Français, - positionnement%20de%20marque

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Regiments who were required to employ speed and stealth in their role as scouts and skirmishers ahead of the main body were not authorized to carry Colours. In Canada this included both hussar and rifle regiments.  2, fiche 43, Anglais, - hussar%20regiment

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The hussars played a prominent role as cavalry in the Revolutionary Wars(1792–1802) and Napoleonic Wars(1803–15). As light cavalrymen mounted on fast horses, they would be used to fight skirmish battles and for scouting. Most of the great European powers raised hussar regiments. The armies of France, Austria, Prussia, and Russia had included hussar regiments since the mid-18th century. In the case of Britain, four light dragoon regiments were converted to hussars in 1806–1807.  3, fiche 43, Anglais, - hussar%20regiment

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Les régiments qui devaient aller vite et furtivement dans leur rôle en tant que troupe de reconnaissance et d'avant-garde précédant le gros des troupes n'étaient pas autorisés à arborer des drapeaux consacrés. Au Canada, cela comprenait les régiments, tant de hussards que de voltigeurs.  1, fiche 43, Français, - r%C3%A9giment%20de%20hussards

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Even in the case of the relatively large cartridges of calibre 308 WIN, 6,000 pieces have to be tested. Only a small percentage of these hit the witness screens during the test ... After the test, the majority of the articles is scattered across the test range ...  6, fiche 44, Anglais, - test%20range

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 2 CONT

... proofing ranges had to be located where there was no danger to life or property.  3, fiche 44, Anglais, - test%20range

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Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le projet de la société de construire un champ de tir d'essai pour munitions militaires de forte puissance rencontre une forte résistance dans la région de Chapais [...]  2, fiche 44, Français, - champ%20de%20tir%20d%27essai

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Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The hot walker's number one task is to cool out the horse and he or she must be waiting for the horse when it returns from the track. The exercise rider will stop the horse in the shed row or stall and remove the tack... and the hot walker will... then walk the horse to cool it out from the jog, gallop or breeze it had. Hot walkers walk the horse inside in the barn or in an outside oval walking ring and will stop every lap or so to offer the horse water.  3, fiche 45, Anglais, - hot%20walker

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Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Employé qui s'occupe du conditionnement des chevaux après la course.  3, fiche 45, Français, - aide%2D%C3%A9cuyer

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Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A public announcement made by a company to shareholders and others warning that profits for a stated period will be much lower than had been expected.  1, fiche 46, Anglais, - profit%20warning

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Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le «profit warning» est un avertissement sur les résultats. Il s'agit donc d'une révision à la baisse des prévisions de bénéfices de l'entreprise.  1, fiche 46, Français, - avertissement%20sur%20les%20r%C3%A9sultats

Fiche 46,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Las sociedades cotizadas que hacen públicas sus previsiones de beneficios tienen asimismo la obligación de comunicar públicamente a los inversores si tales previsiones no van a alcanzarse, ya sea por un exceso de optimismo inicial o por un cambio de circunstancias. Tales advertencias públicas se conocen en inglés como "profit warnings" y en la práctica siempre se asocian a reducciones de los beneficios previstos, no a aumentos inesperados.  1, fiche 46, Espagnol, - advertencia%20sobre%20beneficios

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 2 OBS

advertencia sobre beneficios: La Fundación del Español Urgente (Fundéu BBVA), con el asesoramiento de la Real Academia Española, indica que "advertencia sobre beneficios" es una alternativa a la expresión inglesa "profit warning".  1, fiche 46, Espagnol, - advertencia%20sobre%20beneficios

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Until recently, the technology to drive edge analytics has not been available, meaning data has had to be transferred to the network core to acquire insight.  1, fiche 47, Anglais, - network%20edge%20analytics

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[...] l'analytique en périphérie de réseau permet d'exécuter automatiquement des calculs analytiques là où les données sont créées (capteur, commutateur réseau et autre dispositif), plutôt que d'attendre le transfert des données vers un [entrepôt de données] centralisé.  1, fiche 47, Français, - analytique%20en%20p%C3%A9riph%C3%A9rie%20de%20r%C3%A9seau

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... It also has to be noted, though, that Warner and Universal had a wide array of titles spread among many genres and budgetary levels, rather than a calendar dominated by tentpole brand names.  3, fiche 48, Anglais, - tentpole

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 2 CONT

In broadcast programming and motion pictures, a tent-pole or tentpole is a program or movie that supports the financial performance of a movie studio or television network. A tent-pole movie may be expected to support the sale of tie-in merchandise.  2, fiche 48, Anglais, - tentpole

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[...] le tentpole est le film qui doit soutenir, quoi qu'il arrive, l'assise financière du studio qui le produit, une sorte de succès garanti en limitant les risques au strict minimum [...]  2, fiche 48, Français, - tentpole

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Les tentpoles, ce sont [...] «des films colossaux en termes de budget, de dépenses marketing et d'attentes, qui sortent habituellement l'été et sur lesquels un studio peut jouer toute son année».  3, fiche 48, Français, - tentpole

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Removing Scratches in Auto Body Finish.... After the scratches had been sanded out and the surface rinsed clean, the car was ready to be buffed with rubbing compound. There are two buffing procedures : Rubbing compound and polishing compound. Rubbing compound has a coarser grit than polishing compound, so rubbing compound is applied first.... The rubbing compound leaves an invisible residue, which needs to be either washed off or wiped off immediately with a good quality automotive polishing cloth. DO NOT use paper towels because most paper is too abrasive. All of the excess compound needs to be removed before going on to the polishing step or else the coarser grit particles will get mixed in with the polishing compound.  3, fiche 49, Anglais, - polishing%20compound

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 OBS

polishing compound; buffing compound: terms officially approved by the Lexicon Project Committee (New Brunswick).  4, fiche 49, Anglais, - polishing%20compound

Fiche 49,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 OBS

pâte à polir : terme uniformisé par le Comité du projet de lexiques (Nouveau-Brunswick).  2, fiche 49, Français, - p%C3%A2te%20%C3%A0%20polir

Fiche 49,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 50,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[In 1929, ] the first packaging association was founded by the Marathon Corporation and named the Paraffin Carton Association. The name was eventually changed to the Institute for Better Packaging(IBP).... As technology advanced, the IBP, which had been formed primarily to represent producers of packaging for oily and frozen food products, realized that the industry was growing beyond its original mission.... IBT saw the need to merge [with the Folding Paper Box Association of America(FPBAA) ]. By 1963, a research committee recommended a new association be formed from the two original organizations, and on April 29, 1964 the Paperboard Packaging Council officially formed to speak and act on behalf of the entire folding carton industry.  1, fiche 50, Anglais, - Institute%20for%20Better%20Packaging

Fiche 50,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 50,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 51,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Electric stirrers are supposed to be geared to small-scale cooking... All three had blade caps so deep they prevented the blades from reaching only one or two egg whites in a bowl.  1, fiche 51, Anglais, - blade%20cap

Fiche 51,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les mélangeurs portatifs sont en principe conçus pour la cuisine à petite échelle; [...] Le protecteur de lame de ces appareils était si proéminent qu'il ne permettait pas à la lame d'atteindre un ou même deux blancs d'œuf dans le fond d'un bol!  1, fiche 51, Français, - protecteur%20de%20lame

Fiche 51,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 52,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Boards : the stiff covers at the front and back of a book. Wood was the material generally used until the early sixteenth century, preferably oak or another hardwood to minimize worming. These covers could be very thick and often had bevelled edges. Pasteboard became popular in the sixteenth century; from the late seventeenth century on, it was supplemented by rope-fibre millboards. Strawboard first came into use in the eighteenth century. The boards were attached to the quires by the cords, which were threaded through the boards and secured(often by means of pegging).  2, fiche 52, Anglais, - board

Fiche 52,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Planchette de bois servant à faire les plats des reliures jusqu'à la fin du XVIe siècle et recouvertes de peau ou de tissu.  2, fiche 52, Français, - ais

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Je voudrais évoquer dans cet article les moyens extérieurs utilisés pour protéger et renforcer la couvrure du livre. Je ne parlerais pas ici du corps de la reliure, à savoir la couture, la tranchefile, le carton ou le bois (ais), la chasse (partie du carton qui déborde les pages du volume sur les tranches) [...]  3, fiche 52, Français, - ais

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 2 CONT

À l'origine les ais sont des planchettes de bois qui constituent la reliure. Par extension, ce terme désigne aujourd'hui la partie rigide du plat.  4, fiche 52, Français, - ais

Fiche 52,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 CONT

El soporte de la encuadernación lo constituían dos tapas a partir de tablas ensambladas de madera de pino.  1, fiche 52, Espagnol, - tabla

Fiche 53,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 CONT

For a place to be identified as a GP [growth point], it had to offer a comparatively higher potential to attract investment, entrepreneurs, consumers and marketing agents. With the convergence of these factors and players, that place would essentially attract infrastructural developments as well as the implantation of administrative and other supportive services. In the main, such a place should gradually evolve as an industrial nucleus.  3, fiche 53, Anglais, - growth%20centre

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Growth points are centres that were initiated by the post-colonial government to spearhead development in rural areas through having such centres that could attract investors in the areas. These centres have access to electricity, telephones and sometimes banking.  5, fiche 53, Anglais, - growth%20centre

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Often, in terms of government policy, the incitement of peripheral development occurs through linkages with the growth pole located in a growth centre.  6, fiche 53, Anglais, - growth%20centre

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 4 CONT

"Growth centre" is the spatial equivalent of "growth pole".  7, fiche 53, Anglais, - growth%20centre