TERMIUM Plus^®

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Besides lasers, a medical laser system may contain various other kinds of photonics and optics technology, e. g. frequency converters, photodetectors for monitoring purposes, cameras, and beam delivery systems.  2, fiche 1, Anglais, - medical%20laser%20system

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Lasers used for weapons guidance will aim at very specific areas of the ship possibly located several meters or tens of meters away from the LWR [laser warning receiver] location. LWRs specifically designed for this application will work outside the main beam where detection is due either to off-axis aerosol scattering or port scattering(due to output optics). Laser radiation is scattered from aerosols(dust particles and water droplets) along the entire beam path, creating a spatially distributed radiation source, which creates an angular distribution of the irradiance at the LWR.  1, fiche 2, Anglais, - aerosol%20scattering

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The interest in Bragg-Fresnel optics is based on their unique properties as dispersive and focusing elements. First successful demonstrations of the Bragg-Fresnel principle were reported in 1984-1986 using multilayer and crystalline substrates… Fresnel lenses have been used at several synchrotron radiation facilities to construct microprobes imaging beam monitors and time-resolved micro-plasma systems.  1, fiche 3, Anglais, - Bragg%2DFresnel%20optics

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les optiques dites de Bragg-Fresnel sont d’abord des réflecteurs dont la réflectivité est assurée par une structure épaisse donnant lieu à une réflexion de Bragg (cristal ou multicouche selon la longueur d’onde). La focalisation est obtenue non pas par la forme générale de la structure réfléchissante mais par un réseau diffractant planaire gravé dans la structure réfléchissante. Les optiques de Bragg-Fresnel n’ont pas de concurrent pour l’imagerie haute résolution puisqu’elles permettent d’obtenir des faisceaux submicroniques en dessous du nanomètre en longueur d’onde.  1, fiche 3, Français, - optique%20de%20Bragg%2DFresnel

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A laser scanning microscopy system that focuses on a single plane of light through a biological substance, allowing high-resolution, three-dimensional images to be built up.  4, fiche 4, Anglais, - confocal%20laser%20scanning%20microscopy

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy(LSCM, also referred to as CSLM, Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy) is now established as a valuable tool for obtaining high resolution images and 3-D reconstructions of a variety of biological specimens. In LSCM, a laser light beam is expanded to make optimal use of the optics in the objective. Through a x-y deflection mechanism this beam is turned into a scanning beam, focussed to a small spot by an objective lens onto a fluorescent specimen. The mixture of reflected light and emitted fluorescent light is captured by the same objective and(after conversion into a static beam by the x-y scanner device) is focused onto a photodetector(photomultiplier) via a dichroic mirror(beam splitter). The reflected light is deviated by the dichroic mirror while the emitted fluorescent light passes through in the direction of the photomultiplier. A confocal aperture(pinhole) is placed in front of the photodetector, such that the fluorescent light(not the reflected light!) from points on the specimen that are not within the focal plane(the so called out-of-focus light) where the laser beam was focussed will be largly obstructed by the pinhole. In this way, out-of-focus information(both above and below the focal plane) is greatly reduced.  2, fiche 4, Anglais, - confocal%20laser%20scanning%20microscopy

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Principe de la microscopie confocale à balayage laser (MCBL). Le rayon laser excitateur pénètre dans l'échantillon préalablement marqué par des fluorochromes [...], auparavant répertoriés et choisis en fonction de leurs propriétés à se fixer sur des molécules particulières d'une structure ou d'un objet d'intérêt. Lors de l'impact optique, il y a émission de rayons lumineux provenant de différents plans de la préparation. Grâce à un diaphragme variable («trou d'aiguille» - pinhole), il est possible de sélectionner les rayons émis par un seul plan de préparation et d'éliminer le signal provenant d'autres plans. Les rayons réfléchis sont filtrés en fonction de leur longueurs d'onde puis détectés par des photo-multiplicateurs. Le signal reçu est enfin converti en signal numérique, contribuant à la création d'une image [...]  2, fiche 4, Français, - microscopie%20confocale%20%C3%A0%20balayage%20laser

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Tous les champs d'application de la microscopie confocale à balayage laser : localisations intracellulaires par fluorescence (simple et double marquage), reconstitution 3D par fluorescence de structures cellulaires, hybridation in situ, cinétique de processus dans les cellules vivantes, états de surface de matériaux divers.  3, fiche 4, Français, - microscopie%20confocale%20%C3%A0%20balayage%20laser

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The beam optics of the arc bending magnet system required correction and the final focus system, with its large demagnification was improved.  2, fiche 5, Anglais, - arc%2Dbending%20magnet

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le faisceau X blanc, généré par un aimant de courbure dans le premier cas, par le wiggler dans le second, arrive sur un monochromateur équipé de deux cristaux.  1, fiche 5, Français, - aimant%20de%20courbure%20du%20faisceau

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A type of scanning mechanism that utilizes a CRT-generated beam of light to raster-scan a stationary document mounted on a flatbed platen. Through lens optics, the reflected beam of light is focused onto a photomultiplier and is converted into an electrical signal. High resolution is a primary characteristic of this method.  1, fiche 6, Anglais, - CRT%20flying%20spot%20scanner

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Type de mécanisme de balayage faisant appel à un faisceau de lumière produit par un tube à rayon cathodique pour balayer un document fixe placé sur une platine. Le faisceau de lumière réfléchi est focalisé sur un photomultiplicateur et converti en un signal électrique. Ce qui caractérise cette méthode, c'est la haute résolution.  1, fiche 6, Français, - scanner%20%C3%A0%20spot%20mobile%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9r%C3%A9%20par%20tube%20%C3%A0%20rayons%20cathodiques

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Optoacoustic detector. Light which is absorbed by a molecule is generally reradiated from the molecule in the form of heat. If a laser, at an absorbing wavelength of a gas of interest, is passed through a closed cell, the temperature of the entire gas in the cell will rise and thus the pressure of the gas in the cell will rise. If the laser is turned on and off at a frequency of 100-20000 Hz, the resulting pressure rises and drops can be picked up as a signal by sensitive microphones. This somewhat odd combination of optics and acoustics turns out to have several advantages over systems which measure the absorption directly. The absorption will be quite small and thus the change in intensity of the laser beam is nearly impossible to detect. Because pressure in the cell rises more quickly for small length cells, this effect exactly cancels out gains in overall absorption by making the cell longer. Thus, a small optoacoustic cell will accomplish the same as a larger cell making its size a great asset.... The device is being tested as a sniffer for bomb vapours and for ambient air analyses.  1, fiche 7, Anglais, - optoacoustic%20detector

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The beam width and beam direction are determined by the amplitude and phase of the imaginary part of the source position. This is known as the complex source point method and it comes from optics.  1, fiche 8, Anglais, - complex%20source%20point%20method

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Complex number: A number consisting of real and imaginary parts.  2, fiche 8, Anglais, - complex%20source%20point%20method

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

source ponctuelle  2, fiche 8, Français, - m%C3%A9thode%20de%20la%20source%20ponctuelle%20complexe

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

nombre complexe : Ensemble de deux nombres x et y (...). x est la partie réelle de z et y sa partie imaginaire.  2, fiche 8, Français, - m%C3%A9thode%20de%20la%20source%20ponctuelle%20complexe

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Worthy of special mention was the excellent performance achieved by the calibration model of the X-ray optics [of the ESA EXOSAT satellite] during the testing of the imaging mirrors at a special long X-ray beam facility.  1, fiche 9, Anglais, - imaging%20mirror

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Espagnol