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BECOME FLAT [11 fiches]

Fiche 1 2024-07-18

Anglais

Subject field(s)
  • Wind Instruments
CONT

Throughout history, woodwind instruments have been designed with various types and combinations of reeds connected to an instrument in different ways. Single reed instruments such as the clarinet and the saxophone have an oblong rectangular reed that is flat and tapered to become very thin at its top... The reed is attached to a mouthpiece... by a band called a ligature...

Français

Domaine(s)
  • Instruments de musique à vent
CONT

[...] la ligature est un dispositif sur les instruments à anche simple qui permet le maintien de l'anche sur le bec.

Espagnol

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Fiche 2 2012-02-02

Anglais

Subject field(s)
  • Locks and Locksmithing
DEF

A type of lock that uses a set of flat wafers to prevent the lock from opening unless the correct key is inserted.

CONT

A wafer tumbler however uses a system by which flat pieces of metal named “wafers” must be pushed to the correct position whereby they become flush with the plug and therefore can rotate.

OBS

This type of lock is similar to the pin tumbler lock and works on a similar principle. However, unlike the pin tumbler lock, the wafer is a single piece. The wafer tumbler lock is often incorrectly referred to as a disc tumbler lock, which uses an entirely different mechanism.

Français

Domaine(s)
  • Serrurerie
CONT

À noter une variante de serrure à goupille et à gorge, la serrure à paillettes : la clef est introduite dans une série de plaquettes trouées. La forme de la clef fait coulisser ces plaquettes de manière à ce qu'elles ne gênent plus la rotation. Les principes de crochetages sont les mêmes, en plus faciles, que les serrures à goupilles. C'est le genre de serrures qu'on trouve sur les placards quelconques dans les entreprises et sur les boîtes aux lettres.

OBS

Les serrures bon marché que l'on trouve sur les bureaux sont équipées de paillettes en métal au lieu de goupilles. [...] Les paillettes ont toutes le même contour extérieur, mais chaque usinage interne est différent.

Espagnol

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Fiche 3 2011-01-31

Anglais

Subject field(s)
  • Mathematical Geography
  • Remote Sensing
CONT

Planimetric errors are often disregarded with the argument that they do not matter on flat surfaces.... planimetric errors need attention when scanning systems are used to derive surfaces in rugged topography. Planimetric errors become the primary concern if objects are extracted from a cloud of laser points.

CONT

Our analysis reveals a planimetric positional error as large as 5 km for topographic features. It was found that the positional shifts are not systematic, and consequently, the shape of the terrain was geometrically distorted.

OBS

planimetric error: term used at Natural Resources Canada - Earth Sciences Sector.

Français

Domaine(s)
  • Géographie mathématique
  • Télédétection
DEF

Erreur commise sur la position planimétrique d'un point, résultant de l'erreur graphique et exprimée en tenant compte de l'échelle du document.

CONT

L'INS [système de navigation par inertie] ou centrale inertielle est un appareil qui mesure les trois angles d'attitude de l'avion : lacet, roulis, tangage lors de l'émission laser. [...] L'INS génère principalement des erreurs planimétriques qui peuvent avoir un grand impact sur les erreurs altimétriques surtout en zone urbaine où l'on rencontre souvent des façades verticales.

OBS

erreur planimétrique : terme en usage à Ressources naturelles Canada - Secteur des sciences de la Terre.

Espagnol

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Fiche 4 2007-07-19

Anglais

Subject field(s)
  • Coining
  • Coins and Bank Notes
  • Numismatics
DEF

The brightness on the surface of an uncirculated numismatic object resulting from the centrifugal flow of metal caused by striking with dies.

OBS

Mint lustre or bloom is somewhat frosty in appearance as opposed to the mirror-like smoothness of the field of a proof. Since the lustre of a coin can vary considerably due to factors such as wear, polishing of dies or blanks, exposure to chemicals, humidity, or temperature extremes, etc., it is an important indicator of the condition or grade of a coin. The qualities of lustre are often described by such adjectives as fiery, frosty, light frost, heavy frost, satiny, flat looking, matte, semi-matte, and so on. Although normally brilliant, with time, lustre may become dull, spotted, or discoloured. Lustre is easily worn through with the slightest amount of circulation and strong chemical cleaners will destroy it. Once the mint lustre is gone it cannot be properly restored.

Français

Domaine(s)
  • Monnayage
  • Pièces de monnaie et billets de banque
  • Numismatique

Espagnol

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Fiche 5 2003-03-25

Anglais

Subject field(s)
  • History of Technology
  • Archaeology
DEF

A small, flat, thin piece, especially that has been or become detached from a larger piece or mass.

CONT

nucleus: A lump of stone, as flint, from which prehistoric man struck flakes for fashioning into tools.

Français

Domaine(s)
  • Histoire des techniques
  • Archéologie
DEF

Fragment détaché soudainement d'un corps dur.

CONT

[Les Choppers]. Certaines pièces sont probablement des «nucleus», galets dont on a tiré un ou deux éclats utilisables.

PHR

Éclat préhistorique.

Espagnol

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Fiche 6 2001-07-09

Anglais

Subject field(s)
  • Roofs (Building Elements)
CONT

Types of roof coverings.... there are basically two main groups into which they are classified, single-unit roof coverings and multiunit roof coverings. Single-unit roof coverings are any roof surfaces, flat or sloped, that become, after application, a single entity. Included in this category are : built-up roofs... flat-seam metal roofings, single-ply roof systems... fluid-applied products....

OBS

Multiunit roof coverings are materials suitable for application on steep roofs (slopes of 4 inches or more) and consist of many pieces installed individually, usually partly overlapped. This category includes such products as roofing shingles manufactured from asphalt-coated felts; tiles and shingles of plastic or glass compounds; asbestos-cement, aluminum, steel, and wood shingles; and clay, concrete, and slate tiles.

Français

Domaine(s)
  • Toitures (Éléments du bâtiment)
OBS

Construction [...] 2ème semestre : [...] découverte des toitures, à un versant, à deux versants, charpenterie simple / couverture simple (construction/matériaux/étanchéités) [...]

Espagnol

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Fiche 7 2000-08-18

Anglais

Subject field(s)
  • Printed Circuits and Microelectronics
  • Industrial Techniques and Processes
CONT

X-Y tables are flat tables, usually constructed of aluminum or steel, that move along linear axes at 90°(perpendicular) to each other. They always move on a horizontal plane and are configured so that one is on top of the other. "X" moves from left to right and "Y" moves backwards and forwards, in reference to the operator. Configured in this manner, the tables become a complete positioning system themselves, or they can be incorporated into a larger production system.

Français

Domaine(s)
  • Circuits imprimés et micro-électronique
  • Techniques industrielles

Espagnol

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Fiche 8 1997-01-29

Anglais

Subject field(s)
  • Coins and Bank Notes
  • Numismatics
  • Coining
DEF

lustre; bloom; sheen: The brightness on the surface of an uncirculated numismatic object resulting from the centrifugal flow of metal caused by striking with dies.

OBS

Mint lustre or bloom is somewhat frosty in appearance as opposed to the mirror-like smoothness of the field of a proof. Since the lustre of a coin can vary considerably due to factors such as wear, polishing of dies or blanks, exposure to chemicals, humidity, or temperature extremes, etc., it is an important indicator of the condition or grade of a coin. The qualities of lustre are often described by such adjectives as fiery, frosty, light frost, heavy frost, satiny, flat looking, matte, semi-matte, and so on. Although normally brilliant, with time, lustre may become dull, spotted, or discoloured. Lustre is easily worn through with the slightest amount of circulation and strong chemical cleaners will destroy it. Once the mint lustre is gone it cannot be properly restored.

Français

Domaine(s)
  • Pièces de monnaie et billets de banque
  • Numismatique
  • Monnayage

Espagnol

Conserver la fiche 8

Fiche 9 1992-02-27

Anglais

Subject field(s)
  • Technical Textiles
  • Civil Engineering
  • Soil Mechanics (Engineering)
CONT

Self-Sustaining Structures.... Once a fabric is coated and rendered impervious it can develop sufficient stiffness to become self-sustaining, or at least partially self-sustaining. Such structures are of necessity relatively small and/or of small pan length. Many tension structures... fall into this category. In general, the structures are of a temporary nature,. but as several of the case histories following show, they can be of a quasi-permanent nature.... Where the ground or supporting foundation is relatively flat a number of uses are possible. These are as follows : Flood protection. Cofferdam. Underwater construction. Raising water levels. Oil spill and industrial waste containment. Natural swimming pools. Cleaning lakes, rivers, and ponds. Environmental. Ecological. Overflow back-up system. Launching ramp construction. Water storage.

Français

Domaine(s)
  • Textiles techniques
  • Génie civil
  • Mécanique des sols
OBS

Géomembrane: produit adapté au génie civil, mince, souple, continu, étanche au liquide même sous des déformations en service, principalement en traction.

OBS

Autoporteur: se dit d'un dispositif ou d'un élément susceptible de supporter son poids propre sans le concours d'une ossature de soutien.

OBS

Autoporteur: Synonyme de autoportant.

Espagnol

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Fiche 10 1991-03-13

Anglais

Subject field(s)
  • Synthetic Fabrics
  • Man-Made Construction Materials
CONT

The basic elements of a geotextile are its fibers. There are three types of synthetic fibers, the filaments, the staple fibers, and the slit films :... Slit films are flat tapelike fibers, typically 1 to 3 mm(40 to 120 mils) wide, produced by slitting with blades an extruded plastic film. After the slitting of the film, the tapelike fibers are drawn. As a result of the draw, molecules become oriented in the same direction and the strength of the fibers increases.

OBS

Much work has been carried out recently on the production of textiles from film, in contrast to the more conventional method of producing man-made fibres by extruding a viscous liquid through a spinneret, and solidifying the continuous threads. A film is formed by extruding a viscous liquid through a long slit and not the conventional type of spinneret. This film can be transformed into a useable textile by many different processes, one example is the narrow tapes from a few millimetres to a few centimetres wide.

Français

Domaine(s)
  • Textiles artificiels et synthétiques
  • Matériaux de construction artificiels
DEF

Bande continue, étroite, d'épaisseur faible par rapport à la largeur, obtenue par un découpage de film ou filage direct d'une matière textile chimique.

CONT

Les géotextiles sont essentiellement produits avec des polymères de synthèse, qui sont transformés: en fibres continues, en fibres discontinues, en bandelettes de films ou feuilles de largeur variable, après un traitement adapté.

Espagnol

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Fiche 11 1991-03-13

Anglais

Subject field(s)
  • Synthetic Fabrics
  • Man-Made Construction Materials
DEF

The woven fabric produced with yarns produced from slit film.

OBS

The basic elements of a geotextile are its fibers. There are three types of synthetic fibers, the filaments, the staples fibers, and the slit films :... Slit films are flat tapelike fibers, typically 1 to 3 mm(40 to 120 mils) wide, produced by slitting with blades an extruded plastic film. After the slitting of the film, the tapelike fibers are drawn. As a result of the draw, molecules become oriented in the same direction and the strength of the fibers increases.

OBS

Much work has been carried out recently on the production of textiles from film, in contrast to the more conventional method of producing man-made fibres by extruding a viscous liquid through a spinneret, and solidifying the continuous threads. A film is formed by extruding a viscous liquid through a long slit and not the conventional type of spinneret. This film can be transformed into a useable textile by many different processes, one example is the narrow tapes from a few millimetres to a few centimetres wide.

Français

Domaine(s)
  • Textiles artificiels et synthétiques
  • Matériaux de construction artificiels
CONT

Fabrication [des géotextiles] (...) Les tissés. Un tissé est une étoffe réalisée par l'entrecroisement de deux séries de fils parallèles (...) Selon la nature du filament (bandelette, monofilament,...) les propriétés sont très variables tant sur le plan mécanique qu'hydraulique. (...) Les tissés de bandelettes de fils extrudés à base de polyéthylène, polypropylène, présentent généralement une faible perméabilité à l'eau et une sensibilité assez marquée au poinçonnement.

OBS

Bandelette de film: Les géotextiles sont essentiellement produits avec des polymères de synthèse, qui sont transformés: en fibres continues, en fibres discontinues, en bandelettes de films ou feuilles de largeur variable, après un traitement adapté.

OBS

Bandelette: Bande continue, étroite, d'épaisseur faible par rapport à la largeur, obtenue par découpage de film ou filage direct d'une matière textile chimique.

Espagnol

Conserver la fiche 11

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