TERMIUM Plus^®

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[The module of an Intelligent Tutoring System] that models the student’s understanding of the domain.  2, fiche 1, Anglais, - student%20model%20module

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Student Model Module. The task of this building block is to construct a student model which represents student’s knowledge. It is essentially an inductive inference which induces a model from observed data. In ITS [Intelligent Tutoring Systems], the model should be an executable program described in a knowledge representation language and the data are student’s answers to the problems.  1, fiche 1, Anglais, - student%20model%20module

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The Student Module analyzes the student's answers, diagnosis the misconceptions and keeps track of the information on the student's mastery of the knowledge. The student modeler of XTRA-TE is aimed at both behavioral diagnosis and epistemic diagnosis. At the behavioral level, the student receives direct feedback from the system. The student's response is checked against the domain knowledge for correctness.  2, fiche 1, Anglais, - student%20model%20module

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 3 CONT

To assist the student module in the task of diagnosis, [the expert module] can operate in a single-step mode showing the result of application of the best rule, or all rules, to a given problem.  2, fiche 1, Anglais, - student%20model%20module

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Module d'un système EIAO dont la tâche consiste à diagnostiquer les failles de raisonnement et à élaborer ou mettre à jour un modèle apprenant représentant les connaissances de l'apprenant à partir des réponses qu'il donne à des problèmes.  2, fiche 1, Français, - module%20de%20diagnostic%20cognitif

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Applusix a une architecture classique de Tuteur Intelligent. Les différents modules sont : l'expert [...]; le module pédagogique [...]; le module de diagnostic cognitif qui met à jour le profil de l'élève; l'interface [...]  1, fiche 1, Français, - module%20de%20diagnostic%20cognitif

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Le module de diagnostic cognitif a pour but de modifier le profil de l'élève à partir des informations enregistrées pendant les interactions. Ces informations sont principalement : demandes (ou non) de détail dans les calculs (interaction observation); choix d'une expression et d'une transformation (interaction résolution); choix d'une transformation applicable (interaction pilotage). [...] elles sont exploitées pour mettre à jour le profil de l'élève.  1, fiche 1, Français, - module%20de%20diagnostic%20cognitif

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Psychiatric genetics, a subfield of behavioral neurogenetics, studies the role of genetics in psychological conditions such as alcoholism, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and autism. The basic principle behind psychiatric genetics is that genetic polymorphisms, as indicated by linkage to e. g. a single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP), are part of the etiology of psychiatric disorders... The goal of psychiatric genetics is to better understand the etiology of psychiatric disorders, to use that knowledge to improve treatment methods, and possibly also to develop personalized treatments based on genetic profiles...  1, fiche 2, Anglais, - psychiatric%20genetics

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Constructing an outline or "profile" of a person’s or an offender’s individual characteristics.  3, fiche 3, Anglais, - profiling

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The BSU [i. e. the FBI's Behavioral Science Unit] has pioneered a system of criminal investigation known as Profiling, [which draws] on a combination of field experience and psychiatric knowledge to develop a loose but directed description of a possible killer. Each serial killer has an idiosyncratic pattern, a systematic way of going about the selection, pursuit, killing and disposal of his victims. Each of his victims will show characteristic damage, or be placed in a ritual manner, or taken from a social group, such as prostitutes or nurses or hitchhikers, having special significance to the killer. No two are exactly alike, but serial killers in general conform to a limited number of types.  2, fiche 3, Anglais, - profiling

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

It can take the details of an individual case and tell you whether it fits, in a general way, into the pattern of similar crimes.  2, fiche 3, Anglais, - profiling

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

DNA profiling, psychological profiling, etc.  3, fiche 3, Anglais, - profiling

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Esquisse psychologique, etc. d'un individu.  1, fiche 3, Français, - profilage

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Noise in the data can be attributed to factors at various levels. At the behavioral level, noise is generated by local inconsistencies.... At the epistemic level, noise originates from the fact that the student's knowledge state goes through ongoing modifications, which render earlier diagnostic results obsolete because of learning-or because of unlearning... These effects can be very subtle because the correctedness of knowledge is likely to generate interferences that cause instruction and practice to have unpredictable ramifications.  2, fiche 4, Anglais, - noisy%20data

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 CONT

... a variety of learning tasks have been tested, including some involving noisy data.  3, fiche 4, Anglais, - noisy%20data

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Many researchers have assumed that no noise is present (i.e., all instances are correctly classified).  3, fiche 4, Anglais, - noisy%20data

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 4 CONT

How to make valid diagnostic judgements in spite of "noisy" data obtained through a tutor....  4, fiche 4, Anglais, - noisy%20data

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Non-information à éliminer.  4, fiche 4, Français, - donn%C3%A9es%20bruit%C3%A9es

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans les mémoires distribuées comme les réseaux de neurones on peut, à partir d'une donnée bruitée, faire émerger la carte d'activation neuronale de la donnée sans bruit.  2, fiche 4, Français, - donn%C3%A9es%20bruit%C3%A9es

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Les progiciels d'application offrent généralement des fonctions très utiles ... Cependant, règle générale, la complexité des manipulations pour l'élève introduit un bruit informatique qui nuit aux objectifs pédagogiques.  5, fiche 4, Français, - donn%C3%A9es%20bruit%C3%A9es

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

données bruitées : terme normalisé par l'AFNOR.  4, fiche 4, Français, - donn%C3%A9es%20bruit%C3%A9es

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A specialized field of medical practice composed of distinct disciplines that focus on the health of defined populations in order to promote and maintain health and well-being and prevent disease, disability and premature death.  1, fiche 5, Anglais, - preventive%20medicine

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

It aims at the application of preventive measures within all areas of clinical medicine. In addition to the knowledge of basic and clinical sciences and the skills common to all physicians, practitioners of preventive medicine possess knowledge of and competence in other disciplines. Among a broad scope of such disciplines are : bio-statistics, epidemiology, planning, organization, management, financing, and evaluation of health programs, environmental health, application of social and behavioral factors in health and disease, health promotion, health education and nutrition.  1, fiche 5, Anglais, - preventive%20medicine

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Branche de la médecine visant à prévenir l'apparition, l'aggravation ou l'extension des maladies, tant au niveau individuel que collectif.  2, fiche 5, Français, - m%C3%A9decine%20pr%C3%A9ventive

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La médecine préventive est basée entre autres sur les recherches épidémiologiques.  2, fiche 5, Français, - m%C3%A9decine%20pr%C3%A9ventive

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Diagnostic activities that can be performed at the behavioral level. Some ITS deal only with observable behavior, other infer aspects of unobservable behavior.  1, fiche 6, Anglais, - behavioral%20diagnosis

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Wenger's taxonomy of behavioral diagnostic processes distinguishes between non-inferential ones, based on a powerful representation of knowledge correctness and on evaluating and characterizing errors(interactive diagnosis), and inferential diagnosis that reconstructs unobservable student behavior by interpreting student's responses and matching them against knowledge standards. The inference of unobservable behavior is centered on problem solving processes and requires modeling capabilities such as a theory of bugs.  1, fiche 6, Anglais, - behavioral%20diagnosis

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le diagnostic du comportement peut être interactif (le système fournit directement à l'étudiant des informations sur son comportement sans recourir à des inférences ou à des modèles, mais se basant sur une description «correcte» des connaissances sous la forme de plans annotés, de parseurs augmentés, ou d'algorithmes définis. Dans certains systèmes, le diagnostic comportemental est inférentiel en ce sens qu'il infère des comportements implicites, inaperçus en les reconstruisant et en les interprétant à partir des réponses de l'étudiant.  2, fiche 6, Français, - diagnostic%20comportemental

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

El campo de trabajo se ubica en las comunidades en el diseño y evaluación de modelos psicosociales, diagnóstico del comportamiento e investigación psico-social.  1, fiche 6, Espagnol, - diagn%C3%B3stico%20del%20comportamiento

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A level of diagnosis concerned with the individual whose behavior and knowledge are of interest to the behavioral and epistemic diagnosis. It supports the view of the student, not only as a recipient of communicable knowledge, but as an agent with an identity of his own, engaged in an active learning process. Collecting information about this agent's individual characteristics can be a productive diagnostic activity. Individual diagnosis remains an area for further research.  1, fiche 7, Anglais, - individual%20diagnosis

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Individual diagnosis requires a specialized, largely domain-independent vocabulary, which the field still needs to investigate.  1, fiche 7, Anglais, - individual%20diagnosis

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Diagnostic effectué par un individu (l'apprenant) en considérant son état de connaissance (état épistémique).  2, fiche 7, Français, - autodiagnostic

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les principales facettes de ce type de diagnostic sont d'ordre : architectural (simulation de l'état épistémique par l'architecture cognitive du didacticiel), didactique (inclusion d'un modèle d'apprentissage dans le modèle de l'apprenant), stéréotypique (construction d'un profil de l'apprenant au moyen de traits de caractère et de préférences stéréotypiques), motivationnel (inclusion de paramètres tels, niveau d'intérêt, fatigue, etc.), situationnel (interventions extérieures qui peuvent modifier la performance de l'apprenant), intentionnel (attitude et opinions de l'apprenant vis-à-vis de l'interaction pédagogique), autoréférentiel (modèle individuel) et réciproque (modèle du système construit par l'étudiant).  2, fiche 7, Français, - autodiagnostic

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

In epistemic diagnosis by direct assignment of credit or blame, a modeling method for extracting information from behavior that follows observable behavior.  1, fiche 8, Anglais, - model%20tracing

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The idea behind model tracing is to create a close correspondence between units of the internal model and single steps of observable behavior. The required tuning of granularity can affect the design of the interface as well as that of the internal model. In ACT theory, knowledge compilation transforms declarative knowledge into a rule format that is directly usable for performance. As a consequence, compiled problem-solving knowledge, though it is a form of knowledge, maps directly onto behavior, unlike a concept or a principle, which must be interpreted before it can manifest itself in behavior. Thus knowledge compilation is really the core principle of the model-tracing paradigm. It can summarize claims of reasoning of arbitrary complexity as more coarsely grained rules. Model tracing is, in this sense, at the border between behavioral and epistemic diagnosis.  1, fiche 8, Anglais, - model%20tracing

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The model-tracing method operates in the context of intelligent tutoring systems which monitor students’ problem-solving activity. In that context, the diagnostic component need not compute the student’s solution path, because it can observe what the student does, step by step.  2, fiche 8, Anglais, - model%20tracing

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A database containing diagnostic information as constraints and resources for constructing didactic operations(behavioral guidance such as problem-solving hints, advices in the form of compiled knowledge, and error correction by suggesting better solutions).  1, fiche 9, Anglais, - diagnostic%20base

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The value of diagnostic information as a resource is perhaps clearer in remedial situations, where entrapment techniques allow remediation to situate the description of errors relative to the student’s intentions. When generative information is available, constructing didactic operations on the basis of diagnostic results (i.e. generative diagnosis) becomes completely open ended. The student may even be helped to do her own blame assignment by means of an district replay of the genesis of errors in learning or problem-solving contexts.  1, fiche 9, Anglais, - diagnostic%20base

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Collection d'information servant à la génération de diagnostiques.  1, fiche 9, Français, - base%20de%20diagnostics

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Renseignements fournis par le Centre de terminologie et néologie, Paris, 1991.  1, fiche 9, Français, - base%20de%20diagnostics

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

In pedagogical diagnosis, variations in student's performance which are independent of the student's knowledge. At the behavioral level, such inconsistencies are slips, inattention or luck. At the epistemic level, noise originates from the fact that the student's knowledge state goes through ongoing modifications which render earlier diagnostic results obsolete because of learning or because of unlearning(e. g. forgetting or getting confused).  1, fiche 10, Anglais, - interference

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Problème du diagnostic pédagogique causé par l'interconnectivité des connaissances et l'apparition de ramifications imprévisibles : d'une part l'acquisition de connaissances peut créer des confusions dans le préacquis, d'autre part elle peut éclaircir et structurer les connaissances préacquises.  1, fiche 10, Français, - bruit

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Using knowledge and techniques from the behavioral sciences to increase organizational effectiveness. Primarily directed at improving the working relationships among different people and groups.  1, fiche 11, Anglais, - organization%20development

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Espagnol