TERMIUM Plus^®

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A group or other algebraic object is said to be Abelian(sometimes written in lower case, i. e., "abelian") if the law of commutativity always holds. The term is named after Norwegian mathematician Niels Henrick Abel(1802-1829).  2, fiche 1, Anglais, - Abelian

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Un groupe est dit abélien s'il satisfait les propriétés mathématiques suivantes : associative, identité (existence de l'élément neutre), inverse, interne et commutatif.  2, fiche 1, Français, - ab%C3%A9lien

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

What is a "reported decision" as opposed to an "unreported decision?" A reported decision is one that has been published in a case law reporting series. For example, if an OLRB [Ontario Labour Relations Board] decision is published... in the CLRBRs [Canadian Labour Relations Board Reports] or... Canadian Labour Law Reports... it is considered a reported decision.  2, fiche 2, Anglais, - reported%20decision

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The term "decision" can refer to both judicial decisions ("judgments," for example, of a trial-level court or an appeal-level court) and quasi-judicial decisions (for example, of the Canadian Transportation Agency).  3, fiche 2, Anglais, - reported%20decision

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to quote a reported decision, reported decision of the adjudicative tribunal  3, fiche 2, Anglais, - reported%20decision

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Français

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Qu'est-ce qu'une décision publiée par opposition à une décision non publiée? Une décision publiée a été publiée dans un recueil de jurisprudence. Par exemple, une décision de la CRTO [Commission des relations de travail de l'Ontario] qui est parue dans [...] les CLRBR [Canadian Labour Relations Board Reports] ou dans les Canadian Labour Law Reports [...] est considérée comme une décision publiée.  3, fiche 2, Français, - d%C3%A9cision%20rapport%C3%A9e

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Le terme «décision» peut faire référence à une décision judiciaire («jugement» ou «arrêt») ou à une décision quasi-judiciaire (par exemple, de l'Office des transports du Canada).  4, fiche 2, Français, - d%C3%A9cision%20rapport%C3%A9e

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Lorsqu'une décision est publiée sur le Web, mais pas dans un recueil, on dira «décision publiée», et «released decision» ou «published decision». Il s'agit toutefois d'une autre notion, à ne pas confondre avec la présente, où la décision est publiée dans un recueil.  4, fiche 2, Français, - d%C3%A9cision%20rapport%C3%A9e

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Introduction to Football Law... Various sessions, round tables and case studies related to the main rules and regulations of the international football governing bodies, good governance and leadership.  1, fiche 3, Anglais, - football%20law

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Français

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Un module optionnel est à choisir parmi les cinq matières suivantes : gestion d'événements et de bénévoles; football féminin; développement du football; football et responsabilité sociale; droit du football.  1, fiche 3, Français, - droit%20du%20football

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La principal dificultad del derecho del fútbol es que busca regular una realidad muy específica que no muchos conocen a profundidad y, por ende, intentan aplicar normas o principios generales del derecho que no siempre responden de manera adecuada a las particularidades de la industria.  2, fiche 3, Espagnol, - derecho%20del%20f%C3%BAtbol

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Anglais

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A photo lineup typically consists of a number of photographs, including a picture of the suspect. By law, subjects in the photo lineup must be similar in appearance to the suspect so as not to unduly highlight or intentionally elicit a response that could be prejudicial to the accused. Positive identification by the witness can be used to arrest the suspect, and may come into evidence should the case go to trial.  4, fiche 4, Anglais, - photo%20lineup

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The device that enables law enforcement agencies to collect the outgoing digits a telephone user dials is called a pen register … In the case of telephones, a pen register can record both the digits dialed to connect a telephone call to its destination and the digits dialed after connection occurs, such as those dialed to navigate automated menus. These latter digits are known as post-cut-through dialed digits...  1, fiche 6, Anglais, - post%2Dcut%2Dthrough%20dialed%20digit

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The civil law proposals echo these Canada Evidence Act changes, but then also propose "closed material proceedings"(CMP). The latter is a novel proposal. Basically, CMP would allow secret trials in civil cases : the government could use secrets in closed proceedings on the merits of the case, in a closed hearing from which the public and the other litigants are excluded.  1, fiche 7, Anglais, - closed%20material%20proceeding

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Evaluative mediation is non-binding in the sense that the disputants need not accept the mediator's evaluation of the merits of the case. Disputants can conclude, as they often do, that the mediator has misconstrued the facts, misapplied the law or just missed the point, and that the disputants will be better off going to court and taking their chances with a judge.  2, fiche 8, Anglais, - evaluative%20mediation

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Français

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médiation par l'évaluation : désignation normalisée par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 8, Français, - m%C3%A9diation%20par%20l%27%C3%A9valuation

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The feature that separates collaborative law from other processes is the disqualification requirement. In collaborative law, the attorneys must withdraw from the case if the parties are unable to reach an agreement on all issues and the case proceeds to court.  2, fiche 9, Anglais, - disqualification%20requirement

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Français

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obligation de déclaration d'inhabilité : désignation normalisée par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 9, Français, - obligation%20de%20d%C3%A9claration%20d%27inhabilit%C3%A9

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Neutral Evaluation. An institution can arrange for a neutral party, or the parties can find and agree on a neutral party, who will listen to each side, and then give a non-binding opinion about an issue of fact, and issue of law, or perhaps a technical issue. The neutral party typically assesses the strengths and weaknesses of the case, which may help parties be more realistic about their claims in subsequent settlement discussions.  2, fiche 10, Anglais, - neutral%20evaluation

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Français

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évaluation neutre : désignation normalisée par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 10, Français, - %C3%A9valuation%20neutre

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In International Law, equity may be considered a secondary source, and by Article 38(2) of the Statute of the International Court of Justice, referring to Article 38(1), «This provision shall not prejudice the power of the court to decide a case ex aequo et bono, if the parties agree thereto». Though the Court has thus not been expressly authorized to apply equity as distinguished from law, Article 38(1) c) expressly directs the application of «general principles of law recognized by civilized nations»... and in several States, as noted above, principles of equity have an established place in their municipal legal systems. No doubt the international judge can decide according to principles of equity in absence of rules of positive law, but it is doubtful whether he can decide «contra legem», i. e. contrary to such rules when they exist.  1, fiche 11, Anglais, - equity

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Français

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En Droit International, l'équité peut être considérée comme une source secondaire et, selon l'Article 38(2) du Statut de la Cour Internationale de Justice qui renvoie à l'Article 38(1), «la présente disposition ne porte pas atteinte à la faculté pour la Cour, si les parties sont d'accord, de statuer ex æquo et bono». Bien que la cour ne soit pas ainsi expressément autorisée à appliquer le principe d'équité, tel qu'il est conçu distinct du droit, l'Article 38(1) c) met la Cour dans l'obligation d'appliquer «les principes généraux de droit reconnus par les nations civilisées» [...] et dans plusieurs États, comme mentionné plus haut, les principes d'équité ont une place bien établie dans les systèmes de droit national. Il ne fait aucun doute que le juge international peut trancher suivant le principe de l'équité en l'absence de règles de droit positif, mais il est moins sûr qu'il puisse décider «contra legem», i.e. contrairement aux règles de droit quand elles existent.  1, fiche 11, Français, - %C3%A9quit%C3%A9

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Animal law is a combination of statutory and case law in which the nature – legal, social or biological – of nonhuman animals is an important factor.  2, fiche 12, Anglais, - animal%20law

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Français

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Le «droit animalier» renvoie à l'étude des règles juridiques relatives aux animaux, établies par les hommes pour réguler leurs relations.  3, fiche 12, Français, - droit%20animalier

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droit animalier : terme tiré du mini-lexique «Droit animalier» et reproduit avec l'autorisation du Centre de ressources en français juridique de l'Université de Saint-Boniface.  4, fiche 12, Français, - droit%20animalier

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The word is used in law to denote the fact that a person dwells in a given place, or, in the case of a corporation, that its management is carried on there... In the case of a person, residence connotes the idea of home, or at least of habitation, and need not necessarily be permanent or exclusive. The word denotes the place where an individual eats, drinks, and sleeps, or where his family or his servants eat, drink and sleep...  6, fiche 13, Anglais, - residence

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... residence ... has in many instances been employed by Judges and others to denote a person’s habitual physical presence in a place or country which may or may not be his home. A person may have several residences in various countries; he can have ... but one domicil, which, in reality, may not be and indeed may never have been his home. The distinction between domicil and residence is largely one of mental condition or intention; domicil is generally a question of intent, while residence is entirely a question of fact.  7, fiche 13, Anglais, - residence

Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En droit anglais, les deux éléments caractéristiques du domicile sont la «résidence» et l'«animus manendi» [...]  4, fiche 13, Français, - r%C3%A9sidence

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[...] le droit anglais appelle «residence» [...] le rattachement à un lieu déterminé d'une même zone législative.  5, fiche 13, Français, - r%C3%A9sidence

Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 14,  Justifications,  Anglais

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A summary of the relevant facts of a case and a concise synopsis of the points of law decided therein.  2, fiche 14, Anglais, - headnote

Fiche 14,  Justifications,  Français

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chapeau : énoncé du texte ou du principe en tête de l'arrêt [...]  3, fiche 14, Français, - sommaire

Fiche 14,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 15,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In the present case, there can be no doubt about the unlawfulness of the interference, which was also a civil fault within the meaning of the law of civil liability.  2, fiche 15, Anglais, - within%20the%20meaning%20of

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within the meaning of paragraph, within the meaning of section, within the meaning of subsection, within the meaning of the law  2, fiche 15, Anglais, - within%20the%20meaning%20of

Fiche 15,  Justifications,  Français

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Dans le cas sous étude, on ne saurait mettre en doute le caractère illicite de l'atteinte, qui était aussi une faute civile au sens du droit de la responsabilité civile.  2, fiche 15, Français, - au%20sens%20de

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au sens de l'alinéa, au sens du paragraphe  2, fiche 15, Français, - au%20sens%20de

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au sens où l'entend l'article  2, fiche 15, Français, - au%20sens%20de

Fiche 15,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 16,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The previous Immigration Act contained only provisions relating to claims for Convention refugee status. Other grounds for protection, set out above, developed over time in the regulations and in administrative practice, or were required by case law. When the new Immigration and Refugee Protection Act came into force, it consolidated this broader focus, using the term "claim for refugee protection. "  6, fiche 16, Anglais, - claim%20for%20refugee%20protection

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A "claim for refugee protection" is submitted from inside Canada, whereas the "refugee resettlement application" is submitted from outside Canada.  7, fiche 16, Anglais, - claim%20for%20refugee%20protection

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claim for refugee protection; refugee protection claim; asylum claim; asylum request; refugee claim: Not to be confused with "claim to refugee status" which refers to claims for the Convention refugee status.  7, fiche 16, Anglais, - claim%20for%20refugee%20protection

Fiche 16,  Justifications,  Français

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L'ancienne Loi sur l'immigration ne contenait des dispositions que sur les demandes du statut de réfugié au sens de la Convention. D'autres motifs de protection […] se sont ajoutés avec le temps au règlement et aux pratiques administratives, ou ont été exigés par la jurisprudence. La Loi sur l'immigration et la protection des réfugiés (LIPR) confirme cette perspective plus large, en employant l'expression «demande d'asile».  2, fiche 16, Français, - demande%20d%27asile

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La «demande d'asile» est présentée en territoire canadien, tandis que la «demande de réinstallation de réfugié» est présentée en territoire étranger.  3, fiche 16, Français, - demande%20d%27asile

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 OBS

demande d'asile : Ne pas confondre avec «demande du statut de réfugié» qui fait référence à la demande du statut de réfugié au sens de la Convention.  3, fiche 16, Français, - demande%20d%27asile

Fiche 16,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 17,  Justifications,  Anglais

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... when account must be taken of conduct by more actors than a single plaintiff and single defendant; of different degrees of blameworthiness; of the effects on parties with derivative claims; or different tort claims(e. g. strict liability, negligence and intent) against different defendants in the same case. Apportionment of liability applies to all claims(including law suits and settlements) for death, personal injury(including emotional distress or consortium), or physical damage to tangible property damage, regardless of the basis of liability.  2, fiche 17, Anglais, - apportionment%20of%20liability

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Fiche 17,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 18,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The case law on reasonable accommodation developed mainly in the context of the application of human rights legislation to private disputes...  1, fiche 18, Anglais, - private%20dispute

Fiche 18,  Justifications,  Français

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La jurisprudence sur l'accommodement raisonnable s'est surtout développée dans le contexte de la mise en œuvre des lois sur les droits de la personne, à l'occasion de litiges privés [...]  1, fiche 18, Français, - litige%20priv%C3%A9

Fiche 18,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 19,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A pilot who is employed in a port since the master of a ship is obliged to take a pilot in the port by law.  2, fiche 19, Anglais, - compulsory%20pilot

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In the latter case, it was accordingly held that the owners of an English ship were not liable for a collision in Belgian waters occasioned by the fault of the compulsory pilot in charge, though, according to Belgian law, the plea of compulsory pilotage was not a defence.  3, fiche 19, Anglais, - compulsory%20pilot

Fiche 19,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 19,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 20,  Justifications,  Anglais

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In an ordinary domestic English case, or a conflicts case where English law is the proper law of the contract, a clause referring to payment in gold of a specified standard of weight and fineness is presumed to be a gold value clause : it does not impose an obligation to pay gold or gold coins, but is used to ascertain or measure the amount of the debt, so that the debtor is obliged to pay in legal tender of the chosen currency the amount necessary at the date of payment to purchase gold or gold coins to the nominal amount of the debt.  1, fiche 20, Anglais, - gold%20value%20clause

Fiche 20,  Justifications,  Français

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Pour les payements en période de cours forcé, sont interdites les clauses de payements en or ou en valeur-or, en monnaie étrangère ou de garantie de change.  2, fiche 20, Français, - clause%20de%20paiement%20en%20valeur%2Dor

Fiche 20,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 21,  Justifications,  Anglais

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In French law "la jurisprudence" means the course of decisions, the body of case-law on a topic, and this usage is sometimes also found in English law.  7, fiche 21, Anglais, - caselaw

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case law; jurisprudence : terms reproduced from the Glosario Provisional de Términos Jurídicos with the permission of the United Nations Office at Geneva.  8, fiche 21, Anglais, - caselaw

Fiche 21,  Justifications,  Français

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[...] l'ensemble des décisions rendues par les tribunaux sur une même question ou sur des questions analogues. La loi ne peut prévoir toutes les difficultés que son application pourra soulever. Elle se borne à poser des règles générales. Il appartient aux tribunaux de donner à chaque cas particulier la solution qu'ils jugent la plus conforme à ces règles générales [...]  5, fiche 21, Français, - jurisprudence

Fiche 21,  Justifications,  Espagnol

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Conjunto de principios constitutivos de fuente de derechos basados en resoluciones o sentencias judiciales, normalmente del Tribunal Supremo.  3, fiche 21, Espagnol, - jurisprudencia

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

derecho de creación judicial: Históricamente han sido los jueces [...] los que mayor influencia han ejercido en la creación y la sistematización del Derecho inglés, ya que eran ellos mismos los que lo confeccionaban con las decisiones que tomaban al dictar sentencia, dentro de lo que se conoce como common law. Este derecho, también llamado "Derecho judicial o de los jueces" [...], está todavía vigente y, en muchas cuestiones, es más influyente que el derecho legislado, pese a la gran capacidad legislativa del Parlamento británico.  2, fiche 21, Espagnol, - jurisprudencia

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 2 OBS

derecho de creación judicial; derecho jurisprudencial; precedente: Expresiones y observación reproducidas del Glosario Provisional de Términos Jurídicos con la autorización de la Oficina de las Naciones Unidas en Ginebra.  4, fiche 21, Espagnol, - jurisprudencia

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precedente: Usualmente este término se lo emplea en la forma plural (precedentes).  4, fiche 21, Espagnol, - jurisprudencia

Fiche 22,  Justifications,  Anglais

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... assignment at law is possible under the three exceptions to the common law rule, namely(1), in the case of certain particular choses in action, by an assignment in accordance with the provisions of special statutory enactments, the most important being stock and shares in incorporated companies, or(2), in the case of certain negotiable instruments, by delivery of the document under the law merchant, or(3), in the case of a transfer by or to the Crown, under the special privileges the law allows in such a case.(6 Hals., 4th, p. 11)  3, fiche 22, Anglais, - assignment%20at%20law

Fiche 22,  Justifications,  Français

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cession en common law : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 22, Français, - cession%20en%20common%20law

Fiche 22,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 23,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A contract whose terms have been reduced to writing.  3, fiche 23, Anglais, - contract%20in%20writing

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Simple contracts are also divisible into contracts in writing and oral contracts. Contracts are put into writing either voluntarily, or in pursuance of a rule of law... In either case, the writing is the only evidence of the contract, although extrinsic evidence is admissible for various purposes...  4, fiche 23, Anglais, - contract%20in%20writing

Fiche 23,  Justifications,  Français

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contrat écrit : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 23, Français, - contrat%20%C3%A9crit

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Fiche 24,  Justifications,  Anglais

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An acceptance must be absolute and unqualified. Any modification or variation of the terms of the offer will prevent a purported acceptance from having the result of completing the contract; indeed, in such a case the purported acceptance is in law a rejection accompanied by a counter-offer. Further, if the modification is not agreed to, the offeree has no right to withdraw the qualified acceptance and give an unqualified acceptance of the original offer.(Williams’ Contracts for Sale of Land, p. 18)  2, fiche 24, Anglais, - unqualified%20acceptance

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acceptation sans réserve : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 24, Français, - acceptation%20sans%20r%C3%A9serve

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Fiche 25,  Justifications,  Anglais

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A form of action in English law, derived from the action on the case(q. v.) taking its name from and based on the fiction that the defendant had found(trouvé) goods and then converted them to his own use. It is now called the action of conversion  5, fiche 25, Anglais, - action%20for%20conversion

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 2 CONT

In order to maintain an action for conversion, the plaintiff must have been either in actual possession or entitled to immediate possession of the goods, at the time when the conversion was committed.  6, fiche 25, Anglais, - action%20for%20conversion

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

An action for conversion is still commonly called an action of trover.  7, fiche 25, Anglais, - action%20for%20conversion

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 2 OBS

trover and conversion: Originally the action was brought for damages against one who had found and refused to give up the goods of the plaintiff on demand; this refusal constituted ’conversion’ ...; hence the action was called trover and conversion. Later, the finding became a legal fiction, and it was only necessary to prove the ownership and detention of the goods.  4, fiche 25, Anglais, - action%20for%20conversion

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action pour détournement : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 25, Français, - action%20pour%20d%C3%A9tournement

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Fiche 26,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A jury award that grossly exceeds the amount warranted by law based on the facts and circumstances of the case...  2, fiche 26, Anglais, - excessive%20damages

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

excessive damages : term used in the plural.  3, fiche 26, Anglais, - excessive%20damages

Fiche 26,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

dommages-intérêts excessifs : terme utilisé au pluriel.  2, fiche 26, Français, - dommages%2Dint%C3%A9r%C3%AAts%20excessifs

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 2 OBS

dommages-intérêts excessifs : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 26, Français, - dommages%2Dint%C3%A9r%C3%AAts%20excessifs

Fiche 26,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 27,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the law of intentional wrongs developed principally within the frame of the old action of trespass, with its notion of prima facie liability for faultless causation, while the law of negligence emerged through the action on the case where fault was from the start a necessary element of liability.  2, fiche 27, Anglais, - faultless%20causation

Fiche 27,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

causalité sans faute : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 27, Français, - causalit%C3%A9%20sans%20faute

Fiche 27,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 28,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The word tort comes from le Latin term torquere, which means "twisted or wrong. "The English common law recognized no separate legal action in tort. Instead, the British legal system afforded litigants two central avenues of redress : trespass for direct injuries, and actions "on the case" for indirect injuries. Gradually, the common law recognized other civil actions, including defamation, libel, and slander.  2, fiche 28, Anglais, - action%20in%20tort

Fiche 28,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

action en responsabilité délictuelle; action en responsabilité civile délictuelle : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 28, Français, - action%20en%20responsabilit%C3%A9%20d%C3%A9lictuelle

Fiche 28,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 29,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A question of law was tried without pleadings or admissions, and without a special case, upon the documents in an action on a Policy of insurance on chartered freight....  2, fiche 29, Anglais, - charterhire

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 2 CONT

This remuneration is called the "freight" or, in the case of charter-parties, "charter hire" and sometimes "chartered freight."  3, fiche 29, Anglais, - charterhire

Fiche 29,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 29,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 30,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The charge or instruction given by the court to a jury upon a point of law arising or involved in the case, to be by them applied to the facts in evidence.  3, fiche 30, Anglais, - direction%20to%20the%20jury

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the trial judge’s instruction to the jury should be sufficient to prevent them from being misled ...  2, fiche 30, Anglais, - direction%20to%20the%20jury

Fiche 30,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En matière criminelle, le tribunal n'est pas tenu d'adresser les directives au jury relativement au fardeau de preuve circonstancielle. [Loi uniforme sur la preuve, 1981, art. 14].  1, fiche 30, Français, - directive%20au%20jury

Fiche 30,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 31,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The rules so far stated apply to supervening prohibition, i. e. to one imposed by a law made after the contract. If, at the time of contracting, the prohibition is already in force, the case is one of antecedent prohibition. This may make the contract void ab initio for illegality, but it will not bring about frustration.  1, fiche 31, Anglais, - antecedent%20prohibition

Fiche 31,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 31,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 32,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Divorce Act provides that spouses are deemed to have lived separate and apart for any period during which they lived apart and either of them had the intention to live separate and apart from the other. The expression "separate and apart" is not defined in the Act, but a review of the case law indicates that it requires physical separation coupled with a recognition by one of the parties that the marriage is at an end.  3, fiche 32, Anglais, - live%20separate%20and%20apart

Fiche 32,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Contrairement à la Loi sur le divorce de 1968, il n'est plus nécessaire de prouver que la vie séparée résulte de l'emprisonnement, de l'alcoolisme, de l'abus de stupéfiants, de l'absence ou du refus de consommer le mariage [...] Dorénavant, seule l'intention de vivre séparé par l'un des époux ou les deux compte, peu importe les motifs qui conduisent à cet état de fait.  3, fiche 32, Français, - vivre%20s%C3%A9par%C3%A9

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'expression «vivre séparément» peut s'employer en parlant des deux époux, mais non en parlant d'un époux par rapport à l'autre.  4, fiche 32, Français, - vivre%20s%C3%A9par%C3%A9

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 2 OBS

vivre séparé : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  5, fiche 32, Français, - vivre%20s%C3%A9par%C3%A9

Fiche 32,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 33,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Advanced Drug Investigative Techniques course is designed to [update] training in areas such as recent case law, agent led investigations, new drug trends, organized crime trends, assets investigations, and high risk operational planning.  1, fiche 33, Anglais, - Advanced%20Drug%20Investigative%20Techniques

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 2 OBS

ADITC: a Canadian Police College course code.  2, fiche 33, Anglais, - Advanced%20Drug%20Investigative%20Techniques

Fiche 33,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le Cours de techniques d'enquêtes avancées relatives aux drogues [vise à actualiser] la formation dans des domaines comme la jurisprudence récente, les enquêtes menées par des agents, les nouvelles tendances en matière de drogues, les tendances du crime organisé, les enquêtes sur les actifs, et la planification des opérations à risque élevé.  1, fiche 33, Français, - Cours%20de%20techniques%20d%27enqu%C3%AAtes%20avanc%C3%A9es%20relatives%20aux%20drogues

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 2 OBS

ADITC : code de cours du Collège canadien de police.  2, fiche 33, Français, - Cours%20de%20techniques%20d%27enqu%C3%AAtes%20avanc%C3%A9es%20relatives%20aux%20drogues

Fiche 33,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 34,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The title of "legitimacy" or "illegitimacy" when attached to the status of an individual in any jurisdiction reflects the capacity or lack of capacity which the law of that jurisdiction recognizes in the case of the individual concerned.  2, fiche 34, Anglais, - legitimacy

Fiche 34,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

légitimité : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 34, Français, - l%C3%A9gitimit%C3%A9

Fiche 34,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 35,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The general economic and social facts that the judge uses in determining the law have been referred to as legislative facts. In the past judges have most frequently taken judicial notice of them expressly in determining the constitutional validity of statutes. For instance in determining the constitutional validity of a provincial statute imposing a tax on banks, the courts have taken judicial notice of economic facts in assessing the impact of the tax on banks. Also in determining customary international law, courts have taken judicial notice of general and particular acts of state practice.  2, fiche 35, Anglais, - legislative%20fact

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 2 OBS

... adjudicative facts are so named because they pertain to factual basis of the case... legislative facts concern matters of law and policy...  3, fiche 35, Anglais, - legislative%20fact

Fiche 35,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Élément d'information d'ordre économique ou social dont le juge se sert dans la détermination de la loi. Il se distingue notamment du fait d'intérêt privé.  1, fiche 35, Français, - fait%20d%27int%C3%A9r%C3%AAt%20public

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On parle de faits législatifs pour désigner les éléments généraux d'ordre économique et social dont le juge se sert dans la détermination de la loi. Dans le passé, il est arrivé très souvent à des juges de les prendre expressément sous connaissance d'office en déterminant la validité constitutionnelle d'une loi. C'est ainsi qu'en scrutant la constitutionnalité d'une loi provinciale frappant les banques d'une taxe, les tribunaux ont pris connaissance d'office de certains faits d'ordre économique en évaluant les effets de la taxe sur les activités bancaires. De même, les tribunaux appelés à déterminer le droit international coutumier ont pris sous connaissance d'office des pratiques générales et particulières propres aux États.  2, fiche 35, Français, - fait%20d%27int%C3%A9r%C3%AAt%20public

Fiche 35,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 36,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Adjudicative facts: factual matters concerning the parties to an administrative proceeding as contrasted with legislative facts which are general and usually do not touch individual questions of particular parties to a proceeding.  2, fiche 36, Anglais, - adjudicative%20fact

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Facts which concern a person’s intent, as contrasted with general policy issues.  2, fiche 36, Anglais, - adjudicative%20fact

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 2 OBS

... adjudicative facts are so named because they pertain to the factual basis of the case... legislative facts concern matters of law and policy.  3, fiche 36, Anglais, - adjudicative%20fact

Fiche 36,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 36,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 37,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The principle that causation exists when the defendant’s conduct is an important or significant contributor to the plaintiff’s injuries.  1, fiche 37, Anglais, - substantial%2Dfactor%20test

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

"The substantial factor test for determining proximate cause was incorporated into the Restatement(Second) of Torts... which in turn has been adopted in Pennsylvania. "The trial courts dictionary definition of "substantial" is incorrect. As recognized in case law, it means significant or recognizable, and it need not be quantified as considerable or large.  3, fiche 37, Anglais, - substantial%2Dfactor%20test

Fiche 37,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 37,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 38,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The rules so far stated apply to supervening prohibition, i. e. to one imposed by a law made after the contract. If, at the time of contracting, the prohibition is already in force, the case is one of antecedent prohibition. This may make the contract void ab initio for illegality, but it will not bring about frustration.  1, fiche 38, Anglais, - supervening%20prohibition

Fiche 38,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 38,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 39,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

I do not think that either Herrington's case or the case of Pannett v. P. McGuinnes Ltd. are to be treated as having changed the law of Canada so as to seize occupiers of land with a duty to warn licensees of danger on their property entailing foreseeable risk of harm where both the danger and the risk are obvious to the licensee as well as to the occupier.  2, fiche 39, Anglais, - occupier%20of%20land

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In general, it is the occupier rather than the owner of the land who can protect his occupation by proceedings for nuisance or tespass.  3, fiche 39, Anglais, - occupier%20of%20land

Fiche 39,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 39,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 40,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... where the plaintiff claims to be put into "the same situation... as if the contract had been performed, "there are two quite distinct bases of assessment : difference in value and cost of cure. The practical difference between the two bases is strikingly illustrated by an American case in which a coal company took a mining lease of farmland, covenanting to restore the land to its original state at the end of the lease. The cost of doing the work would have been $29, 000, but the result of not doing it was to reduce the value of the land by only $300. Damages for the company's failure to do the work were assessed at the latter. In English law damages for breach of a tenant's covenant to repair are by statute assessed on a "difference in value" basis.  1, fiche 40, Anglais, - difference%20in%20value

Fiche 40,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 40,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 41,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Voters make errors, sometimes disqualifying their vote, and machines make errors in tabulating votes. But this is not a justification to postpone an election mandated by law and, in this case, mandated by more than a million voters who signed petitions that set the recall process in motion.  1, fiche 41, Anglais, - postpone%20an%20election

Fiche 41,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'hôte du Kremlin, au plus bas dans les sondages, pouvant, en évoquant divers problèmes (guerre en Tchétchénie, retour de la Biélorussie dans la sphère d'influence russe), faire ajourner un scrutin où il part avec un lourd handicap.  1, fiche 41, Français, - ajourner%20un%20scrutin

Fiche 41,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 42,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Lack of protection does not necessarily mean refugeehood because this may exist in certain other situations without involving refugeehood, as(i) where the state is not bound under its municipal law to extend this protection to its citizens abroad, as is generally the case, and the state may choose not to intervene for reasons other than a political controversy with the individual; or(ii) where the individual may not wish the intervention by his state for fear, say, or thereby damaging his interests in the country of his residence.  1, fiche 42, Anglais, - country%20of%20residence

Fiche 42,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pour qu'un étranger puisse effectivement bénéficier d'un droit, il ne suffit pas que l'État de sa résidence lui accorde la jouissance de ce droit, c'est-à-dire la possibilité d'en être titulaire, mais il faut que l'État lui procure aussi la possibilité de la mise en œuvre, de l'exercice du droit. Est étranger quiconque ne possède pas la nationalité du pays de résidence. Dans tous les pays les réfugiés sont des étrangers; ils tombent en principe sous les incapacités qui frappent les étrangers, c'est-à-dire ils n'ont pas la jouissance des droits qui sont refusés aux étrangers en tant qu'étrangers.  1, fiche 42, Français, - pays%20de%20r%C3%A9sidence

Fiche 42,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 43,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the Shakes approach is not a rule of law, but merely an illustration of the principle established in O’Malley. Shakes should not be applied in a rigid or arbitrary fashion in every hiring case.  2, fiche 43, Anglais, - hiring%20case

Fiche 43,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 43,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 44,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A deputy district attorney works under the supervision of a district attorney in carrying out prosecution duties for both misdemeanor and felony court cases. When a defendant is charged with a crime, it is up to the office of the district attorney to determine whether a case can be made against that person. The deputy district attorney plays an instrumental part in that determination as well as any subsequent prosecution. Deputy district attorneys research law, interview witnesses and handle the courtroom prosecution of defendants.  2, fiche 44, Anglais, - deputy%20district%20attorney

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 OBS

District Attorney. An officer of the governmental body under which he or she is operating, such as a state, county, or municipality, with the duty to prosecute all those accused of crimes. A district attorney will frequently have assistants who are similarly empowered. Also known as a prosecutor. In the federal government, district attorneys are called United States attorneys.  3, fiche 44, Anglais, - deputy%20district%20attorney

Fiche 44,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Fonctionnaire public agissant en tant qu'adjoint du procureur de l'État dans ses fonctions et qui représente les intérêts de l'administration judiciaire locale auprès des tribunaux en matière pénale et criminelle.  1, fiche 44, Français, - substitut%20du%20procureur%20de%20district

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 OBS

substitut du procureur; sous-procureur; procureur-adjoint; assistant-procureur : Ces expressions peuvent être employées de manière interchangeable. Elles sont utilisées dans ce contexte pour exprimer la même réalité. À notre avis, il s'agit d'un fonctionnaire qualifié qui agit au niveau de l'administration judiciaire locale comme étant un assistant du procureur de l'État.  1, fiche 44, Français, - substitut%20du%20procureur%20de%20district

Fiche 44,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 45,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In an ordinary civil case, an order either disqualifying or refusing to disqualify a law firm is not appealable when entered, because it is not deemed "final"... which governs the appeal of such cases.  2, fiche 45, Anglais, - ordinary%20civil%20case

Fiche 45,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La Cour du Québec et la Cour supérieure du Québec offrent aux personnes ou aux entreprises qui s'opposent dans une cause civile ordinaire de se prévaloir de la conférence de règlement à l'amiable.  2, fiche 45, Français, - cause%20civile%20ordinaire

Fiche 45,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 46,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... as distinguished from constitutional law and the common law, is that body of law laid down by a legislature.  3, fiche 46, Anglais, - statute%20law

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Statutory law or statute law is written law(as opposed to oral or customary law) set down by a legislature(as opposed to regulatory law promulgated by the executive or common law of the judiciary) or by a legislator(in the case of an absolute monarchy).  3, fiche 46, Anglais, - statute%20law

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

As opposed to judge-made law or jurisprudence.  4, fiche 46, Anglais, - statute%20law

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 2 OBS

"Legislation" is used in a broad sense in this context.  5, fiche 46, Anglais, - statute%20law

Fiche 46,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Par opposition au droit jurisprudentiel, c'est-à-dire la jurisprudence.  3, fiche 46, Français, - droit%20l%C3%A9gislatif

Fiche 46,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

derecho legislado: Leyes aprobadas por los órganos legislativos (el Parlamento británico, el Congreso de los Estados Unidos, etc.).  1, fiche 46, Espagnol, - derecho%20legislado

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 2 OBS

derecho legislado: Expresión y observación reproducidas del Glosario Provisional de Términos Jurídicos con la autorización de la Oficina de las Naciones Unidas en Ginebra.  2, fiche 46, Espagnol, - derecho%20legislado

Fiche 47,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

It is legal to “charge” an opponent fairly : The act of charging an opponent can be performed without it being called as a foul.... The Law does require that the charge be directed toward the area of the shoulder and not toward the center of the opponent's back(the spinal area) : in such a case, the referee should recognize that such a charge is at minimum reckless and potentially even violent.  2, fiche 47, Anglais, - act%20of%20charging%20an%20opponent

Fiche 47,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Charger l'adversaire est une faute si l'action s'accompagne d'imprudence, de témérité ou d'excès d'engagement.  2, fiche 47, Français, - action%20de%20charger%20un%20adversaire

Fiche 47,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La acción de cargar contra un adversario representa una pugna por un espacio utilizando el contacto físico estando el balón a distancia de juego sin utilizar los brazos o los codos .  2, fiche 47, Espagnol, - acci%C3%B3n%20de%20cargar%20contra%20un%20adversario

Fiche 48,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 CONT

It is true that a compromise can be impugned as null and void under certain restrictions introduced by the code; but in the present case it does not appear that the compromise is null and void in the form and under the conditions fixed by law.  1, fiche 48, Anglais, - be%20impugned%20as%20null%20and%20void

Fiche 48,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 48,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 49,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Under existing law, the burden of persuasion in civil cases is often expressed in the following manner : that the party who has the burden must establish his case beyond the "balance of probabilities, "or by the "preponderance of evidence. "(L. R. C., Report on evidence, 1975, p. 58)  1, fiche 49, Anglais, - balance%20of%20probabilities

Fiche 49,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 OBS

prépondérance des probabilités : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  3, fiche 49, Français, - pr%C3%A9pond%C3%A9rance%20des%20probabilit%C3%A9s

Fiche 49,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 50,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Judicial proceedings refer to any proceedings that take place in a court of law in which a judge presides. The proceedings can be either criminal or civil. The judge need not even be the one making the final decision on the case in order for proceedings to be considered judicial proceedings, as long as the action is occurring in a court room where the judge has authority.  3, fiche 50, Anglais, - judicial%20proceedings

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 2 CONT

It is not necessary for the individual to be personally named in the judicial proceeding for this policy to apply.  4, fiche 50, Anglais, - judicial%20proceedings

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Proceedings (judicial proceedings). A term sometimes used as including, or meaning, an action or prosecution, and sometimes as meaning a step in action.  5, fiche 50, Anglais, - judicial%20proceedings

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Proceeding(s): In reference to the business done by tribunals of all kinds, the proceeding and the proceedings are interchangeable. And both are so common that it would be impossible to brand either one as inferior.  6, fiche 50, Anglais, - judicial%20proceedings

Fiche 50,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il n'est pas nécessaire que la personne ait été expressément nommée dans l'instance judiciaire pour que cette politique s'applique.  3, fiche 50, Français, - instance%20judiciaire

Fiche 50,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 51,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The heir at common law was he to whom his ancestor’s lands, etc., descended according to the common law as modified by the "Inheritance Act," 1833, as opposed to a customary heir or special heir, who inherited by virtue of a custom.... [Jowitt’s, 2nd ed., 1977, 897].  1, fiche 51, Anglais, - heir%20at%20common%20law

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 2 CONT

A deceased person's "heir at law" are those who succeed to his estate of inheritance under statutes of descent and distribution, in absence of testamentary disposition, and not necessarily his heirs at common law, who are persons succeeding to deceased's realty in case of his intestacy.(Black, 5th, p. 650)  1, fiche 51, Anglais, - heir%20at%20common%20law

Fiche 51,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 OBS

héritier selon la common law : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 51, Français, - h%C3%A9ritier%20selon%20la%20common%20law

Fiche 51,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 52,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In order to effectively investigate human trafficking cases, law enforcement requires expertise in various areas of policing(international, major case management, etc.) and in particular in the area of victim management as victims are very difficult to manage and interview due to a variety of reasons, such as post traumatic shock syndrome, mistrust with police, and victims not seeing themselves as victims.  1, fiche 52, Anglais, - victim%20management

Fiche 52,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans le but de mener des enquêtes efficaces sur des cas de traite de personnes, les organismes d'application de la loi doivent acquérir une expertise dans divers domaines liés au travail policier (contexte international, gestion de cas graves, etc.), en particulier dans le domaine de la gestion des victimes. Il est difficile de gérer et d'interroger les victimes, pour diverses raisons, notamment le trouble de stress post-traumatique, la méfiance de la police et le fait que les victimes ne se considèrent pas comme telles.  1, fiche 52, Français, - gestion%20des%20victimes

Fiche 52,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 53,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A person who assists with administrative work in a law office or government agency such as a court.  2, fiche 53, Anglais, - legal%20clerk

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Generally, a clerk's responsibilities include a wide variety of tasks including handling correspondence, filing documents, researching case law, and formatting or drafting legal documents. Legal clerks are often law students in their second or third year of law school who work closely with a lawyer, or they may be newly licensed lawyers working for a judge.  2, fiche 53, Anglais, - legal%20clerk

Fiche 53,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Personne à l'emploi d'un avocat, d'un notaire ou d'un huissier de justice qui effectue certaines tâches administratives à caractère juridique pour le compte de son employeur.  2, fiche 53, Français, - commis%20juridique

Fiche 53,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 54,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 54, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The logically sufficient reason for asserting to the truth of a proposition advanced. (Black’s, p. 1094).  1, fiche 54, Anglais, - proof

Record number: 54, Textual support number: 1 CONT

To urge a presumption of law in support of one's case is adducing proof, but it is not offering evidence.... Proof is the result or effect of evidence, while evidence is the medium or means by which a fact is proved or disproved.(Black's, p. 1094).  1, fiche 54, Anglais, - proof

Fiche 54,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 54, Textual support number: 1 OBS

preuve : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 54, Français, - preuve

Fiche 54,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 55,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 55, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The term applies to the dismissal of an action by a court on the ground that a plaintiff has failed to show a cause of action recognised by law or to adduce any evidence tending to support his case.(Canadian Law Dictionary, 1980, p. 262)  1, fiche 55, Anglais, - nonsuit

Fiche 55,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 55, Textual support number: 1 OBS

non-lieu : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 55, Français, - non%2Dlieu

Fiche 55,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 56,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 56, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Materiality refers to evidence which may be relevant to the proposition for which it is offered, but which is excluded because the proposition is not up for decision in the case. The major issues in a case are defined by substantive law, pleadings and rules of procedure.(Fed./Prov. Task Force, p. 60)  1, fiche 56, Anglais, - materiality

Record number: 56, Textual support number: 2 CONT

"Materiality" of evidence refers to the pertinency of the offered evidence to the issue in dispute. (Black’s, p. 881)  1, fiche 56, Anglais, - materiality

Record number: 56, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Materiality in its more precise meaning looks to the relation between the proposition for which the evidence is offered and the issues in the case. (McCormick, p. 434)  1, fiche 56, Anglais, - materiality

Fiche 56,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 56, Textual support number: 1 OBS

caractère substantiel : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 56, Français, - caract%C3%A8re%20substantiel

Fiche 56,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 57,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 57, Textual support number: 1 CONT

This discretion is itself broadly phrased so as to include any case with respect to which “... the Supreme Court is of the opinion that any question involved therein is, by reason of its public importance or the importance of any issue of law or any issue of mixed law and fact involved in such question, one that ought to be decided by the Supreme Court or is, for any other reason, of such a nature or significance as to warrant decision by it.... ”  2, fiche 57, Anglais, - issue%20of%20mixed%20law%20and%20fact

Fiche 57,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 57, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ce pouvoir discrétionnaire est lui‑même formulé en termes généraux de manière à inclure toute affaire à l’égard de laquelle «[...] la Cour suprême estime, étant donné l’importance de l’affaire pour le public, l’importance des questions de droit ou des questions mixtes de droit et de fait qu’elle comporte, ou sa nature ou son importance à tout autre égard, qu’elle devrait en être saisie [...]»  2, fiche 57, Français, - question%20mixte%20de%20droit%20et%20de%20fait

Fiche 57,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 58,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 58, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Verdict ordered by the judge as a matter of law when he rules that the party with the burden of proof has failed to make out a prima facie case.(Black's, p. 1399)  1, fiche 58, Anglais, - directed%20verdict