TERMIUM Plus^®

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The mission of the International Permafrost Association(IPA) is to promote research in permafrost and permafrost-related fields within the global scientific and engineering communities, to support the activities of researchers in these disciplines, and to disseminate findings concerning permafrost to the decision-makers, the general public and educators.  3, fiche 1, Anglais, - International%20Permafrost%20Association

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The International Permafrost Association (IPA) [was] founded in 1983 ...  4, fiche 1, Anglais, - International%20Permafrost%20Association

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Distribution of Permafrost.- Permafrost underlies more than 50% of the ground surface of Canada. The two major divisions of permafrost are continuous permafrost and discontinuous permafrost. In the continuous permafrost zone, permafrost occurs everywhere beneath the ground surface except large bodies of water. In the far north, it may be more than 500 m thick. The discontinuous permafrost zone is broken into two other divisions: the widespread permafrost zone, where permafrost underlies 50-90% of the land area, and the sporadic permafrost zone, where it occurs mostly inpeatlands and underlies 10-50% of the land area.  3, fiche 2, Anglais, - permafrost%20distribution

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The total annual freezing index has been used to predict permafrost distribution, and the design freezing index is commonly used in engineering to estimate the maximum thickness of lake ice and the maximum depth of frost penetration in the ground.  1, fiche 2, Anglais, - permafrost%20distribution

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Distribution du pergélisol.- Le pergélisol est sous-jacent à plus de 50 % de la surface du Canada. Les deux types principaux de pergélisol sont le pergélisol continu et le pergélisol discontinu. Dans la zone à pergélisol continu, le pergélisol est présent partout sous la surface du sol, à l'exception des grandes étendues d'eau. Dans le Grand Nord il atteint plus de 500 m d'épaisseur. La zone à pergélisol discontinu comporte deux sous-divisions : la zone à pergélisol étendu, où le pergélisol est sous-jacent à 50-90 % de la surface, et la zone à pergélisol sporadique, où il est présent surtout sous les tourbières et est sous-jacent à 10-50 % de la surface.  1, fiche 2, Français, - distribution%20du%20perg%C3%A9lisol

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The construction and operation of the proposed project in a permafrost environment has no direct precedent... and, thus, poses distinctive engineering andenvironmental challenges. The presence of ground ice is the critical geophysical consideration...  2, fiche 3, Anglais, - permafrost%20environment

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La construction et l'exploitation du projet proposé dans un milieu de pergélisol sont sans précédent [...] et, pour cette raison, présentent des difficultés techniques etenvironnementales particulières. La présence de glace de sol constitue le facteur géophysique clé [...]  2, fiche 3, Français, - milieu%20de%20perg%C3%A9lisol

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Patterned Ground Landforms. ... Thermokarst is a general term that refers to the many landforms that develop in response to the melting of ground ice ... Thawing permafrost creates uneven surfaces that primarily consist of subsidence features that collect water such as collapse scar bogs and small thermokarst lakes ... Two cases are presented to demonstrate the development of thermokarst features.  2, fiche 4, Anglais, - thermokarst%20features

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Thermokarst features are produced by thawing of ground ice when the climate improves or by fires, disturbance of vegetation, erection of heated buildings, etc. in present-day permafrost areas. Localised collapse produces irregular hollows often with small thaw lakes, which progressively increase in size and coalesce to form large lakes(alases). Enlargment of thaw lakes occurs by thermo-erosion of the permafrost on the shores; this leads to slumping and the sediment released is often spread across the lake floor. The thaw-induced slope failures(ground-ice slumps) cause lake marginal cliffs to retreat at rates of 10 m/year or more. Small thaw lakes often form at the intersection of ice wedge polygons, and when these are joined by water in the marginal furrows of the polygons they form "beaded drainage". Thermokarst features cause many engineering(ground stability) problems encountered in permafrost regions.  3, fiche 4, Anglais, - thermokarst%20features

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ensemble de formes en bosses et en creux attribuables à la fonte de la glace dans le sol.  1, fiche 4, Français, - model%C3%A9%20thermokarstique

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Espagnol