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Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A direction by the House of Commons or the Senate to a committee that has already received an order of reference, further defining its course of action or authorizing it to exercise powers that it does not normally possess.  3, fiche 1, Anglais, - instruction%20to%20a%20committee

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A mandatory instruction is one that directs a committee to deal with a particular issue or to conduct its study in a certain way. A permissive instruction gives a committee the power to do something it would not otherwise be able to do, but does not compel the committee to use that power.  4, fiche 1, Anglais, - instruction%20to%20a%20committee

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Directive émise par la Chambre des communes ou le Sénat à un comité qui a déjà reçu un ordre de renvoi. Selon le cas, l'instruction oriente les travaux du comité ou lui confère des pouvoirs qu'il ne possède pas généralement.  3, fiche 1, Français, - instruction%20%C3%A0%20un%20comit%C3%A9

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une instruction impérative ordonne à un comité de traiter une question particulière ou d'entreprendre une étude d'une certaine manière. Une instruction facultative donne à un comité le pouvoir de faire quelque chose qu'il ne pourrait pas faire autrement, mais le comité n'est pas contraint d'exercer ce pouvoir.  4, fiche 1, Français, - instruction%20%C3%A0%20un%20comit%C3%A9

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

This term, as applied to an occupant of real estate holding adversely, is not construed as implying actual enmity or ill will, but merely means that he claims to hold the possession in the character of an owner, and therefore denies all validity to claims set up by any and all other persons. (Black, 5th, p. 1048)  1, fiche 2, Anglais, - hostile%20possession

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

"Hostility" is the very marrow of adverse possession; it has even redundantly been called adversity. To say that possession is hostile should mean nothing more than that it is without permission of the one legally empowered to give possession, usually the owner. Any kind of permissive use, as by a tenant, licensee, contract purchaser in possession, or easement holder is rightful, not hostile. The better view is that unexplained possession is presumed hostile, so that it is up to the one who wished to do so to establish that it is rightful.(Cunningham, Stoebuck, Whitman, 1984, p. 760)  1, fiche 2, Anglais, - hostile%20possession

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

possession contradictoire : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 2, Français, - possession%20contradictoire

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Espagnol