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SHARP FOCUSING [8 fiches]

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Fiche 1 2016-02-29

Anglais

Subject field(s)
  • Photography
OBS

Twin lens reflex cameras have two lenses... The upper or "viewing" lens reflects off a fixed mirror and forms an image on a ground glass screen on top of the camera. The lower lens is the one which takes the photograph, and is fitted with a shutter and diaphragm. To use... look down onto the focusing screen to see what you are photographing. Turning the focusing knob moves both lenses backwards and forwards, so when your subject is sharply imaged on the ground glass the taking lens is also focused to give a sharp image on film.

Français

Domaine(s)
  • Photographie
OBS

On écrirait mieux «réflex».

OBS

réflex : Cette graphie, puisée des Rectifications de l'orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, est attestée dans le Petit Robert (2006).

OBS

C'est pourquoi la formule du reflex à deux objectifs - c'est-à-dire deux chambres superposées, celle du bas servant à la prise de vues, celle du haut à la visée reflex - s'est largement répandue [...]. Certains de ces appareils sont semi-automatiques [...]. Les deux objectifs ont la même distance focale : l'objectif de prise de vues étant seul équipé d'un obturateur central et du diaphragme. Portés par une même platine, porte-objectifs, ils sont, pour la mise au point, éloignés ou rapprochés solidairement du verre dépoli, grâce à un chariot à double crémaillère dissimulé dans le boîtier, commandé par un bouton placé sur le côté gauche de l'appareil.

Espagnol

Conserver la fiche 1

Fiche 2 2012-01-13

Anglais

Subject field(s)
  • Racquet Sports
DEF

The result of hitting the tennis ball with a tennis racquet; sometimes refers to the actual placement of the ball or manner in which it is struck.

CONT

A shot is the combination of a stroke and the situation in which it is used.

OBS

"Long" is an informal expression used to indicate that a shot went out past the baseline. Important nuance : a "stroke" implies early preparation and a complete follow through. If one were to envision a stroke, one would see a series of sequences, ending with a "shot", i. e. the result of all of the above. Consequently, a "shot" is the result of the "stroke". "Shot" implies a quick, sharp movement because one is focusing on the end result, not the series of sequences leading up to it. A "blow" is rather an imprecise, general term similar in meaning to "shot". Although many would like to maintain these nuances in English, "shot" and "stroke" are often used synonymously. "Blow" is used only rarely. Note, however that although there are two possible equivalents("coup" and "frappe") in French, neither are semantically identical to the English offerings. The Spanish term "pegada" works well as an equivalent for "shot", although technically the term more specifically refers to the actual hitting action caused by the racket coming in contact with the ball, and not to the end result [cause vs effect].

CONT

Keeping your feet wide apart is an important key to maintaining good balance and positioning while moving from shot to shot.

CONT

Since his injury in the first set, he has lost a lot of sting in his shots.

PHR

Shape, strength of shot. Barrage, range, string of shots.

PHR

Shot bounces. Shot drifts wide. Shot has no pace on it. Shot will go/sail long.

PHR

Accurate, aggressive, angled, approach, bread-and-butter, buggywhip, chip, cinch, crafty, cross-court, crummy, decisive, deep, defensive, delicate, down-the-line, down-the-T, drop, extraordinary, fantastic, fast, floating, floppy, follow-up, forcing, gutsy, hard, hard-to-read, high-risk, inside-out, kill, laser, looping, loose, low, low-percentage, low-risk, mammoth, midcourt, off-centre, offensive, outside-in, passing, percentage, power, pressure, recovery, risky, safe, set-up, shallow, sharp-angled, short, showoff, sloppy, soft, spin, strong, tactical, topspin, touch, tough, tricky, two-handed, underspin, varied, vicious, wide, winning, wrongfooting shot.

PHR

Irretrievable key shot.

PHR

To admire, angle, anticipate, attack, baby, block, bungle, center, chop down, conceal, cut off, develop, dip, direct, flatten out, go for, guide, handle, hit, hold, improvise, intercept, lean into, line up, make, meet, miss, move into, muff, muscle, net, place, play, pop up, practice, pull off, put away, retrieve, rifle, run down, rush through, send, set up, smack, spray, step into, take, target, telegraph, time, track, underspin, unleash a shot.

PHR

To add pep to a shot. To approach behind a shot. To be cute with a shot. To react to a shot. To scoop down for a shot. To put one’s whole body behind shot. To get one’s weight behind/into the shot. To mix up shots. To stream together shots.

PHR

To raise a shot high. To telegraph shop direction. To whip a shot up/down the line.

PHR

Crushing shots. Filing one’s body into a shot.

Français

Domaine(s)
  • Sports de raquette
CONT

[...] Rien pour embarrasser François dont la régularité des coups en fond de terrain et la grande ténacité font de ce jeune joueur le champion canadien des 14 ans et moins.

CONT

[...] ses coups assenés du fond du court avec cette insolente précision qui blanchit les lignes.

PHR

Coup d'approche, d'attaque, en angle, audacieux, de base, de contre-attaque, coupé, croisé, décentré, décisif, défensif, déguisé, dévastateur, époustouflant, d'expert, explosif, faiblard, fantaisiste, fatal, de grande classe, lourd, mal ajusté, offensif, plat, précis, puissant, raté, retenu, risque, souple, spectaculaire, tordu.

PHR

Puissance, tempo d'un coup. Déroulement du coup. Gamme, production des coups.

PHR

Anticiper, appuyer, centrer, ralentir, rater, tourner un coup.

PHR

Assurer un bon centrage d'un coup. Laisser aller ses coups.

PHR

Sortir des coups impressionnants.

Espagnol

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Deportes de raqueta
DEF

Efecto de jugar a pegar golpes a una pelota.

CONT

Cualidades que debe poseer un buen servicio [...] Variación constante de la pegada (plana o con efecto).

CONT

Vuelta a la posición de espera tardía, lo que hace dejar un hueco en el que nuestro adversario dirigirá su próximo tiro.

PHR

Tiro angulado. Golpe definitivo, defensivo, estático, violento.

PHR

Un golpe lleva efecto.

PHR

Angular un tiro.

Conserver la fiche 2

Fiche 3 2012-01-11

Anglais

Subject field(s)
  • Racquet Sports
DEF

Action of hitting the ball and the resulting action. ... A player is deemed to have attempted a stroke if he faces up to the ball with his racket, attempts to play and misses.

CONT

A shot is the combination of a stroke and the situation in which it is used.

CONT

The technical manner of hitting the tennis ball (forehand, backhand, volley, etc.) and the resulting action combine to constitute a stroke.

CONT

The height and direction of the bound can be affected by the nature of the surface, the amount of spin, the weather conditions and ... the power of the strike.

CONT

Compact backswings and short, smooth strokes are best [if you want to use the new Dunlop Max Enforcer tennis racquet].

CONT

Player and ball are together during the stroke.

OBS

Important nuance : a "stroke" implies early preparation and a complete follow through. If one were to envision a stroke, one would see a series of sequences, ending with a "shot", i. e. the result of all of the above. A "shot" is the result of the "stroke". "Shot" implies a quick, sharp movement because one is focusing on the end result, not the series of sequences leading up to it. One speaks of "classical strokes" rather than "classical shot". A "blow" on the other hand is rather a blunt, general term similar in meaning to "shot". Although many would like to maintain these nuances in English, "shot" and "stroke" can often be used synonymously. "Blow" is used only rarely. Note, however that although there are two possible equivalents("coup" and "frappe") in French, neither are semantically identical to the English offerings.

PHR

Attacking, awkward, backhand, basic, big, choppy, classical, compact, competent, controlled, defensive, drive-type, flowing, fearsome, forehand, full, ground, ineffective, jammed, left-handed, limiting, looping, normal, pet, precise, punched, punch-type, short, smooth, soft, static, sustained, tennis, topspin, two-handed, unorthodox, versatile, volley, weak, wristy stroke.

PHR

Stroke of the rally. Stroke production. Arsenal of strokes. Stroke folds under pressure.

PHR

To complete, develop, execute, make, mistimed, rush, take a stroke. To groove, modify, shorten one’s stroke. To follow through with a stroke.

Français

Domaine(s)
  • Sports de raquette
DEF

Mouvement au cours duquel la raquette est portée à la rencontre de la balle jusqu'à l'impact.

CONT

J'ai vu [des] volées, techniquement bien amorcées, finir comme une gelée fondant trop vite, parce que la frappe manquait de fermeté.

CONT

Au moment de la frappe, le tamis doit être légèrement orienté vers le ciel afin que la balle soit dirigée du bas vers le haut pour lui permettre de passer le filet.

CONT

Il faut leur faire apprendre à ralentir leur coup pour commettre peu d'erreurs.

OBS

À moins qu'on ne fasse pas allusion à un coup particulier pour lequel il existe déjà un terme fixe, p. ex. : coup droit, on devrait utiliser le terme «frappe», terme sémantiquement moins précis.

PHR

Frappe accélérée, énergique, ferme, foudroyante, plate, puissante, sèche, souple.

PHR

Fermeté d'une frappe. Geste, point, puissance, rythme de frappe.

PHR

Coup de qualité. Solidité des coups.

PHR

Ajuster, précipiter, raccourcir un coup.

Espagnol

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Deportes de raqueta
CONT

Muster prosiguió su inspiradísima racha de golpes ganadores y Bruguera acabó por rendirse, ante la evidencia de que su condición física [...] era inferior a la de Muster.

PHR

Golpe de ataque, avanzado, básico, blando, compacto, defensivo, delicado, desconcertante, fuerte, molesto, natural, (nada) ortodoxo, preliminar, vistoso.

PHR

Ejecución, preparación de un golpe. Precipitación en el golpe. Una serie de golpes.

PHR

Amagar, dirigir, efectuar, ejecutar, enriquecer, mejorar, realizar un golpe.Conectar, iniciar el golpe. Descomponer en tiempos un golpe. Conocedor de los golpes.

Conserver la fiche 3

Fiche 4 2007-09-04

Anglais

Subject field(s)
  • Audiovisual Techniques and Equipment
  • Photography
  • Video Technology
DEF

A space, normally set in the center of a viewfinder screen, made of a minute structure of multiple prisms, used for focusing.

CONT

If your camera has a microprism area... or a ground glass for focusing, you just turn the focusing ring until the subject looks sharp in the viewfinder.

Français

Domaine(s)
  • Audiovisuel (techniques et équipement)
  • Photographie
  • Vidéotechnique
DEF

Espace aménagé normalement au centre d'un écran de viseur et constitué d'une multitude de petits prismes que l'on emploie pour effectuer la mise au point.

Espagnol

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Fiche 5 2002-12-10

Anglais

Subject field(s)
  • Facilities and Instruments (Astronomy)
  • The Stars (Astronomy)
CONT

The Star Collimator has an internal reticle... that can be independently focused by turning the eyepiece barrel(similar to focusing the adjustable eyepiece in a pair of binoculars). Once the reticle is in sharp focus... for your eye, the star image is de-focused until it fills all 10 rings of the reticle. Use a fairly bright star, and use the eyepiece in the "straight-through" mode of the rear of your scope.

Français

Domaine(s)
  • Installations et instruments (Astronomie)
  • Étoiles (Astronomie)

Espagnol

Conserver la fiche 5

Fiche 6 2002-11-12

Anglais

Subject field(s)
  • Spacecraft
CONT

The Ceramic Leading Edges and Acreage TPS task is focusing on the development of sharp leading edges and acreage TPS with the goal of improving performance margin with highly reliable sharp ceramic leading edge systems and lower thermal conductivity acreage insulation.

OBS

This material is a hybrid metallic/ceramic insulation that provides a thermal protection system of improved durability. Samples of DurAFRSI cut in various sizes for different applications. Thinner pieces are used as a seal, while larger sections are used as an acreage TPS (i.e. thermal protection system).

Français

Domaine(s)
  • Engins spatiaux

Espagnol

Conserver la fiche 6

Fiche 7 1996-01-09

Anglais

Subject field(s)
  • Racquet Sports
OBS

"Blow" is not a standard term used in tennis circles. However it can be used to describe the hitting the ball with the tennis racket. Related terms : drive, shot. Important nuance : a "stroke" implies early preparation and a complete follow through. If one were to envision a stroke, one would see a series of sequences, ending with a "shot", i. e. the result of all of the above. A "shot" implies a quick, sharp movement because one is focusing on the end result, not the series of sequences leading up to it. A "blow" is rather a blunt, general term similar in meaning to "shot". Although many would like to maintain these nuances in English, "shot" and "stroke" can often be used synonymously. "Blow" is used only rarely. Note, however that although there are two possible equivalents("coup" and "frappe") in French, neither are semantically identical to the English offerings.

CONT

[The American Twist serve:] hit the ball a glancing blow while your racket is still traveling upward.

Français

Domaine(s)
  • Sports de raquette

Espagnol

Conserver la fiche 7

Fiche 8 1980-09-17

Anglais

Subject field(s)
  • Photography
DEF

Cameras with no focusing movement e. g. 1. Cheap snapshot cameras with a small aperture lens set at the hyperfocal distance to give acceptably sharp pictures from approximately 8 feet to infinity. 2. Simple-to-operate cameras sometimes with a built in light source designed for specific technical record purposes.

Terme(s)-clé(s)
  • fixed focus
  • fixed-focus

Français

Domaine(s)
  • Photographie
CONT

(...) certains appareils ou certains objectifs ne possèdent pas de mise au point (...); ce sont les appareils dits "à mise au point fixe".

CONT

C'est sur l'hyperfocale que sont réglés les appareils à mise au point fixe.

Terme(s)-clé(s)
  • mise au point fixe
  • à mise au point fixe
  • foyer fixe
  • à foyer fixe

Espagnol

Conserver la fiche 8

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