TERMIUM Plus^®

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In an osmotic power plant, we feed freshwater and seawater into two chambers, separated by a membrane. The salt in the seawater then draws the freshwater through the membrane, causing the pressure on the seawater side to increase. This pressure corresponds to a water column of 120 metres, similar to a large waterfall, and can be utilized in a turbine to generate electricity. Osmotic power plants can be constructed anywhere freshwater flows out into the sea, provided that the salt concentration is sufficiently high.  3, fiche 1, Anglais, - osmotic%20power%20plant

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Français

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Fonctionnement d'une centrale osmotique. Lorsqu'on sépare de l'eau douce et de l'eau salée avec une membrane semi-perméable, l'eau douce migre par osmose vers l'eau salée, ce qui augmente la pression du côté de l'eau salée. C'est la pression osmotique. Elle sert à faire tourner une turbine.  2, fiche 1, Français, - centrale%20osmotique

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Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Anglais

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In general terms, a boiler feed pump is any pump that supplies feedwater to a steam generator for the production of steam either for energy conversion(supply to a steam turbine) or for plant or other industrial uses.  2, fiche 2, Anglais, - boiler%20feed%20pump

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Les pompes d'alimentation de chaudière sont conçues pour alimenter une chaudière en eau.  2, fiche 2, Français, - pompe%20d%27alimentation%20de%20chaudi%C3%A8re

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Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Unbeknownst to the crew, the leak could not be isolated. While the leak was being addressed, the plant experienced a loss of offsite power(event nine), and the emergency diesel generator failed to start up automatically. This called for an Abnormal Operating Procedure(AOP 20. 300. 03) for manually starting a backup combustion turbine generator.  2, fiche 3, Anglais, - abnormal%20operating%20procedure

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abnormal operating procedure; AOP: term and abbreviation extracted from the “Glossaire de l’énergie nucléaire” and reproduced with permission of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.  3, fiche 3, Anglais, - abnormal%20operating%20procedure

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procédure d'exploitation dans des conditions anormales : terme extrait du «Glossaire de l’énergie nucléaire» et reproduit avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  2, fiche 3, Français, - proc%C3%A9dure%20d%27exploitation%20dans%20des%20conditions%20anormales

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Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Fossil-fuel-electric plant. This type utilizes the energy of combustion from coal, oil, or natural gas. A typical large plant consists of fuel processing and handling facilities, a combustion furnace and boiler to produce and superheat the steam, a steam turbine, an alternator, and the accessory equipment required for plant protection and for control of voltage, frequency, and power flow.  1, fiche 4, Anglais, - fossil%2Dfuel%2Delectric%20plant

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Ozone is formed when nitrogen oxides and volatile hydrocarbon ... reacts with oxygen in the presence of sunlight ... The major sources of these precursor chemicals are fossil-fuel-fired power station, industrial processes, refineries, vehicle exhausts, and volatilization of organic solvents and fuels.  5, fiche 4, Anglais, - fossil%2Dfuel%2Delectric%20plant

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Le coût de l'énergie produite par des combustibles fossiles (charbon et mazout), par contre, est passé de 3,4 [cents] en 1984 à 4,7 [cents] en 1986.  6, fiche 4, Français, - centrale%20%C3%A0%20combustible%20fossile

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centrale à combustibles fossiles; centrale thermique classique : termes extraits du «Glossaire de l’énergie nucléaire» et reproduits avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  7, fiche 4, Français, - centrale%20%C3%A0%20combustible%20fossile

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Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Anglais

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A water supply company invites bids for the supply of a number of items for the rehabilitation of a pumping station and a water treatment plant. The list of required items includes vertical turbine pumps, intake bellmouths...  1, fiche 5, Anglais, - intake%20bellmouth

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La forme évasée de la prise d'eau contribue à ralentir l'écoulement.  1, fiche 5, Français, - cloche%20d%27adduction

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Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Anglais

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A device used to convert the kinetic energy of the wind to mechanical power, generally in a rotating shaft which may be linked to an electrical generator ...  9, fiche 6, Anglais, - wind%20turbine

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Strictly speaking, a "windmill" is used for milling(grain grinding, etc.) and not for the production of electricity or water pumping. But, being short and evocative the word tends to be used to describe what is properly called any one of the following : wind generator, wind driven turbine, wind plant and wind machine, to mention but a few.  5, fiche 6, Anglais, - wind%20turbine

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As a rule, a wind turbine (or windmill) is any type of wind converting machine, whether the kinetic energy (wind power) is used directly, like for pumping water, or converted into heat or electrical power.  10, fiche 6, Anglais, - wind%20turbine

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A wind turbine that produces electricity is called more specifically a wind (power) generator or aerogenerator.  10, fiche 6, Anglais, - wind%20turbine

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Machine destinée à transformer l'énergie cinétique du vent en énergie mécanique que l'on utilise directement (pompage), ou après transsformation (chauffage, électricité).  4, fiche 6, Français, - %C3%A9olienne

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Les éoliennes produisant strictement de l'électricité sont appelées «aérogénérateurs».  4, fiche 6, Français, - %C3%A9olienne

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Máquina de movimiento rápido que mueve el aire con las palas de su rotor, y que se utiliza como generador de energía mecánica.  4, fiche 6, Espagnol, - aerogenerador

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smoke : A phenomenon made up of observable fumes containing gases, solids and liquids. There are several kinds of smoke, the color of which depends on the combustion process causing the smoke. Thus, a coal fire will emit black smoke. A turbine ship whose nozzle might need slight adjustment emits brown smoke. A steel mill emits red smoke. A nitric or sulfuric acid plant might emit yellow smoke. And so it goes. But white smoke is usually not smoke at all, it's steam.  1, fiche 7, Anglais, - red%20smoke

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The copper-nickel alloy ... was oxidized by a 1:1 nitric acid solution in a fume hood. Then 10 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid was added to the copper-nickel solution. The solution was boiled until all of the brown fumes ceased.  2, fiche 7, Anglais, - red%20smoke

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Fumée constituée de fines poussières d'oxyde de fer produites en sidérurgie par les convertisseurs soufflés à l'air suroxygéné.  2, fiche 7, Français, - fum%C3%A9e%20rousse

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fumées rousses : Cette expression est également utilisée pour les vapeurs nitreuses, bien que l'on préfère dans ce cas le terme de «vapeurs rutilantes». [Voir cette autre fiche.]  2, fiche 7, Français, - fum%C3%A9e%20rousse

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fumée : terme habituellement utilisé au pluriel (fumées).  2, fiche 7, Français, - fum%C3%A9e%20rousse

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Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Anglais

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CANDU plants can be operated in two basic modes : reactor-following-turbine(RFT) and turbine-following-reactor(TFR). Steam generator pressure control plays a pivotal role in these schemes. In TFR mode the reactor power is held constant at a level set by the operator and the turbine governor control valves are used to regulate steam pressure. This mode is suitable for unit operation within a large system network where it is used to supply the base loads while other units are used to supply peak loads. Since reactor conditions remain constant, this mode also constitutes a safer state of operation from the nuclear plant perspective. The control system reverts to this mode of operation during plant upsets. In RFT mode, the turbine load is set by the operator and the reactor is used to regulate steam pressure. In both TFR and RFT modes, the turbine is also used to regulate speed and assist the system in meeting short-term changes in electrical load demand. In RFT mode, the governor control valves also attempt to maintain a constant generator output.  1, fiche 8, Anglais, - turbine%2Dfollowing%2Dreactor

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Turbine suivant le réacteur. Dans ce mode de commande, les charges de la centrale doivent suivre le rendement du réacteur. Pour cela, le programme de commande de la pression des générateurs de vapeur règle les charges de la centrale pour maintenir la pression des générateurs de vapeur à un niveau constant. Ce mode est utilisé à de faibles niveaux de puissance du réacteur lors du démarrage, de l’arrêt ou lorsque la pression des générateurs de vapeur est insensible à la puissance du réacteur. On l’utilise également dans des conditions extrêmes lorsqu’il n’est pas souhaitable de modifier la puissance du réacteur.  1, fiche 8, Français, - turbine%20suivant%20le%20r%C3%A9acteur

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Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The Robinson Plant houses one coal-fired steam unit, one combustion turbine unit and one pressurized water nuclear unit in its location near Hartsville, [South Carolina. ]  1, fiche 9, Anglais, - pressurized%20water%20nuclear%20unit

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En décidant de construire des tranches à eau sous pression bénéficiant de la licence de la société américaine Westinghouse, Électricité de France et les pouvoirs publics français choisissaient de bénéficier de l’expérience de ce constructeur et des connaissances globales accumulées sur cette filière, en particulier aux États-Unis.  1, fiche 9, Français, - tranche%20%C3%A0%20eau%20sous%20pression

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We are deeply involved in cogeneration plants including biomass and gas turbines. ... Co-Generation Power Island. .... "Power Islands," "Merchant Plants," "Across the Fence Cogeneration," "Third Party Steam Plants," and "Client CHP" are some of the names used to refer to unconventional commercial arrangements for the production and procurement of steam and electrical power to pulp and paper mills. Although the term "Power Island" is often used to describe third party cogeneration facilities, the concept is completely different from an island. The power house that provides the steam and power to the mill has a direct and immediate effect on the pulp mill’s operational stability and uptime as well as the operating costs.  2, fiche 10, Anglais, - power%20island

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The IGCC [Integrated Gasification with Combined Cycle] demonstration plant in Puertollano features many advantages compared to conventional coal fired power stations with flue gas desulphurization(FGD) and DeNOx systems :... The plant consists of the following three main units : Power island, gasification island, and oxygen production plant(Air Separation).... The power island. The combined cycle in the Puertollano plant... can be operated both with natural gas and synthesis gas. The main features are : A 200 MWe(ISO) Siemens model V94. 3 gas turbine. A three-pressure level and IP steam reheating heat recovery steam generator designed by Babcock able to additionally superheat the steam generated through raw gas cooling in the gasification. A two casing reheat steam turbine designed by Siemens that delivers roughly 135 MWe. The clean coal gas is burned by the coal gas burners in the combustion chamber of the gas turbine. The sensible heat of extracted air is used for clean gas saturation, low pressure steam production and preheating of impure nitrogen. [Text accompanied by a schematic diagram. ]  3, fiche 10, Anglais, - power%20island

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The liberalization of the energy market is demanding more-efficient power plants using cheaper fuels. ... The first option ... is to convert old oil- or existing gas-fired power plants to new combined-cycle power plants. The second option is to convert old oil- or existing gas-fired units to efficient and environmentally friendly power plants that burn cheaper fuels, using the best available technology for the power island and the flue gas treatment equipment.  4, fiche 10, Anglais, - power%20island

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Power island turbine generator.  5, fiche 10, Anglais, - power%20island

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Français

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Les ingénieurs français de la firme qui réalisait l'étude d'avant-projet de la centrale du Suroît avaient pour habitude d'utiliser l'expression «îlot puissance». On trouve aussi «îlot de puissance» dans un schéma publié par la compagnie Alstom et «îlot gazéification» [équivalent du terme anglais voisin «gasification island», voir aussi cette fiche] dans un article des Techniques de l'ingénieur portant sur la technologie de gazéification intégrée à un cycle combiné (vol. BE 3, article B8920, avril 1997, paragraphe 4.2.1). [Renseignements obtenus du service linguistique d'Hydro-Québec.]  1, fiche 10, Français, - %C3%AElot%20puissance

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Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Anglais

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John Songyin worked on the solar power system for about five years, into the early 1970s. At that time we were also looking at the Mercury Rankine System, for use in long-duration space missions, the Rankine being similar to a steam power plant, but instead of water you’re using mercury as the working fluid. It goes through the same cycle of boiling and condensing and activating a turbine which generates electricity.... The whole cycle would be closed, and the same mercury would be circulated.  2, fiche 12, Anglais, - mercury%20Rankine%20system

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Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Smoke emitted by a coal fire.  2, fiche 13, Anglais, - black%20smoke

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smoke : A phenomenon made up of observable fumes containing gases, solids and liquids. There are several kinds of smoke, the color of which depends on the combustion process causing the smoke. Thus, a coal fire will emit black smoke. A turbine ship whose nozzle might need slight adjustment emits brown smoke. A steel mill emits red smoke. A nitric or sulfuric acid plant might emit yellow smoke. And so it goes. But white smoke is usually not smoke at all, it's steam.  3, fiche 13, Anglais, - black%20smoke

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On appelle fumée noire les particules de teinte foncée qui sont émises dans l'environnement. Les résultats sont exprimés en microgrammes par mètre cube.  2, fiche 13, Français, - fum%C3%A9e%20noire

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fumée : Suspension dans un gaz des particules solides ou liquides (vapeur d'eau) émises par une source à la suite d'une opération de transformation chimique ou physique, en particulier l'oxydation (combustion) ou de réduction (haut-fourneau) et qui a la propriété de diffuser et d'absorber partiellement la lumière. Les fumées noires désignent la présence de fines particules de carbone (suies, noir de fumée). Les fumées rousses sont constituées de fines poussières d'oxyde de fer produites en sidérurgie par les convertisseurs soufflés à l'air enrichi en oxygène ou à l'oxygène.  3, fiche 13, Français, - fum%C3%A9e%20noire

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[...] la pollution de l'air a été longtemps exprimée en termes de fumées noires, d'anhydrides sulfureux et de poussières [...]  3, fiche 13, Français, - fum%C3%A9e%20noire

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fumée : ce terme est souvent utilisé au pluriel («fumées»).  4, fiche 13, Français, - fum%C3%A9e%20noire

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Humo cuya opacidad es igual o superior a cuatro en la escala de Ringelman [humo producido por partículas de carbón].  1, fiche 13, Espagnol, - humo%20negro

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Coke production has been declining due to the associated environmental clean-up issues. Over 25 million tons of metallurgical coal are used to produce 18 million tons of coke. Each ton of coke produced requires 1.37 tons of coal. In the wet quench process most common in the U.S., 0.6 million Btu of steam is required per ton of coke for chemical recovery. In the dry quench process, enough heat is recovered in quenching to provide all of the steam requirements of the process and provide some steam for export as well.  1, fiche 14, Anglais, - steam%20requirement

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A plant’s requirements of steam for process use and motive power.  2, fiche 14, Anglais, - steam%20requirement

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Actual, annual, factory's, mean, normal, plant, power, process, turbine, unit, steam requirement.  3, fiche 14, Anglais, - steam%20requirement

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Bypass, produce, the steam requirement.  3, fiche 14, Anglais, - steam%20requirement

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En 1994, [l'entreprise Sterling Pulp Chemicals (SPC) Ltd.] a obtenu le feu vert pour construire une nouvelle chaufferie afin de combler les besoins en vapeur de ses procédés de production.  1, fiche 14, Français, - besoin%20en%20vapeur

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Fiche 15,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Notes concerning flash cycles : First, it is emphasized that although... a single turbine has been shown admitting pass-in steam, it would be equally possible for the plant to take the form of separate turbines connected in cascade, with the exhaust from an upstream turbine mingling with flash steam and passing on to the entry of a downstream turbine.  1, fiche 15, Anglais, - flash%20cycle

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Fiche 16,  Justifications,  Anglais

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To protect the plant against "common mode" incidents such as fires, turbine missiles, and aircraft strikes that could affect many safety, and safety related systems at the same time, as such [safety] systems have been divided into two groups physically separated...  1, fiche 16, Anglais, - common%20mode%20incident

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[...] incendies ainsi que les impacts de missiles et d'avions qui pourraient endommager de nombreux systèmes de sécurité et systèmes liés à la sécurité [...]  1, fiche 16, Français, - %C3%A9v%C3%A9nement%20de%20mode%20commun

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Notion du domaine de la sûreté des centrales nucléaires, par opposition aux événements dont la cause est dans la centrale même.  3, fiche 16, Français, - %C3%A9v%C3%A9nement%20de%20mode%20commun

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évènement : Cette graphie, puisée des Rectifications de l'orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, est attestée dans le Petit Robert (2004).  2, fiche 16, Français, - %C3%A9v%C3%A9nement%20de%20mode%20commun

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A straight condensing turbine is used when power is the only concern and it must be produced on a minimum amount of steam. To improve the plant’s efficiency these units can be provided with multiple uncontrolled extraction openings for feedwater heating.  2, fiche 17, Anglais, - straight%20condensing%20turbine

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condensing turbine : A turbine used for electrical power generation from a minimum amount of steam. To increase plant efficiency, these units can have multiple uncontrolled extraction openings for feedwater heating.  3, fiche 17, Anglais, - straight%20condensing%20turbine

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Un modèle caractéristique de potentiel énergétique pour un puits humide, lorsqu'il alimente des turbines droites à condensation et à contre-pression, est illustré [...]. Faire un meilleur vide améliorerait le potentiel énergétique du forage lors de l'alimentation de turbines [droites] à condensation, mais le gain ne serait pas forcément valable économiquement à cause de l'énergie importante nécessitée pour l'aspiration de gaz et le besoin d'installations de refroidissement plus importantes.  1, fiche 17, Français, - turbine%20droite%20%C3%A0%20condensation

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In a conventional power plant, waste heat in the form of turbine exhaust gases or condenser cooling water is rejected to the environment. With a cogeneration facility, a large portion of the waste heat is recovered and utilized by an adjacent facility which requires large amounts of heat.  1, fiche 22, Anglais, - waste%20heat

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Avec les centrales électriques classiques, on perd la chaleur des gaz de combustion des turbines ou de l'eau de refroidissement des condenseurs que l'on rejette dans l'environnement. Avec la cogénération, une importante partie de cette chaleur résiduelle est récupérée et utilisée dans une installation adjacente dont l'exploitation nécessite d'importantes quantités de chaleur.  1, fiche 22, Français, - chaleur%20r%C3%A9siduelle

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résiduaire : Qui constitue un résidu, un dépôt.  2, fiche 22, Français, - chaleur%20r%C3%A9siduelle

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résiduel : Qui forme un reste, un résidu.  2, fiche 22, Français, - chaleur%20r%C3%A9siduelle

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In 1961 Hansen suggested that hot geothermal waters could be used as a means of feed-heating in a conventional fuel-fired plant in place of the usual bled steam feed-heating system, thus allowing all the steam to pass right through the turbine into the condenser and so generate more power.  1, fiche 23, Anglais, - bled%20steam%20feed%2Dheating%20system

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Considerable differences in power potential will... be experienced from plant to plant, but the curves... may be regarded as fairly representative for dry saturated steam. They allow for reasonable turbine and alternator efficiencies and are expressed in terms of energy delivered at the alternator terminals....  1, fiche 24, Anglais, - alternator%20terminal

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Hot water sub-atmospheric cycle... Only one case of this cycle is known to the author, namely at Kiabutkwa, in the province of Katanga, Zaire... where a small British-made 220 kW power plant was put into service as long ago as 1953. It is believed to be no longer in use. This plant used hot spring water at 91°C which was sprayed into a chamber at a low pressure of 0. 3 ata, and the resulting flash steam passed through a 3-stage low pressure turbine exhausting to a condenser supplied with cooling water at 24°C. The plant was not self-starting, and the vacua in the flash chamber and condenser had first to be established by means of an ejector supplied with steam from an auxiliary wood-fired boiler.  1, fiche 25, Anglais, - hot%20water%20sub%2Datmospheric%20cycle

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With a conventional steam power plant the main task of the steam control system is to ensure that the turbine receives whatever quantities of steam it may need for meeting the load with minimum variation of temperature and pressure at the turbine entry. This is achieved by varying the rate of fuel feed and the quantity of combustion air accordingly.  1, fiche 26, Anglais, - steam%20control%20system

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Armstead-Hero turbine... The intended purpose of this concept is to provide an extremely cheap turbine capable of handling wet or dry geothermal fluids at the wellheads of newly sunk productive bores, so as to put to immediate use the fluid that would normally be blown to waste. It would thus serve as a pilot plant... In principle the machine reverts to the 2000 year old Hero engine, in that it is a reaction turbine of the simplest type.  1, fiche 27, Anglais, - Armstead%2DHero%20turbine

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Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion(OTEC) power plant.... the ocean is, for all practical purposes, an infinite heat source, converting and storing the incident solar energy from the sun in the form of warm surface water. The warm water is pumped through an evaporator containing a working fluid in a closed Rankine-cycle system. The vaporized working fluid drives a gas turbine which provides the plants power.  1, fiche 28, Anglais, - ocean%20thermal%20energy%20conversion%20power%20plant

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Ensemble destiné à la production d'électricité à partir du gradient thermique des mers.  1, fiche 28, Français, - centrale%20ETM

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Dans une centrale ETM, les couches superficielles de la mer, chauffées par le soleil, constituent une source chaude et celles du fond une source froide, à partir desquelles on alimente une machine thermodynamique entraînant un alternateur.  1, fiche 28, Français, - centrale%20ETM

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Fiche 29,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Trade groups and maintenance specialties.(...) A. Utilities 1-Water filtration plant operator 2-Waste treatment plant operator 3-Steam plant stationary engineer or fireman 4-Turbine operator(paper machine) 5-Electrical control room operator 6-Electrical sub-station operator.  1, fiche 29, Anglais, - electrical%20sub%2Dstation%20operator

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The Canadian Classification and Dictionary of Occupations, 1971 (vol. l, page 902) mentions this occupational title as a "substation operator (elec. power)".  2, fiche 29, Anglais, - electrical%20sub%2Dstation%20operator

Fiche 29,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La Classification canadienne descriptive des professions (1971, vol. 1, page 1182) parle d'un "conducteur d'installations de sous-station (élect.)", mais, d'après le Petit Robert I (1977, page 1312), on peut employer "opérateur" dans le domaine des installations électriques.  1, fiche 29, Français, - op%C3%A9rateur%20de%20sous%2Dstation%20%C3%A9lectrique

Fiche 29,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 30,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

KEMAR 1961, p. 874. An auxiliary steam engine or electric motor fitted to the driveshaft in a main propulsion plant, to permit moving the main engine or turbine.  2, fiche 30, Anglais, - turning%20gear

Fiche 30,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

AUTEC, t. 10, p. 714. Entraîne l'arbre d'une turbine à vapeur qui tourne à régime réduit; (...). Permet de décoller l'arbre avant l'admission de la vapeur (...). Auteur: 2YN/79.11.27.  2, fiche 30, Français, - vireur

Fiche 30,  Justifications,  Espagnol