TERMIUM Plus^®

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Due to the drop in pressure that occurs in high-pressure liquid chromatography(HPLC) as the solvent passes from the column to the detector, any dissolved gases(most commonly air) are partially released as bubbles within the detector, producing anomalous and misleading results. To avoid this problem, solvents are degassed before use, either by a nitrogen purge or by heating and stirring under vacuum.  2, fiche 1, Anglais, - degassing

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A Unique Freeze Dryer Shelf and Condenser Chilling System. Most lyophilizers(freeze dryers) are designed with a single refrigeration system, which is required to switch from product chilling to condenser cooling in the lyophilization phase. If the shelf heating cycle should demand both cooling and heating to maintain a given temperature set point during the drying phase(as is the case with long and slow shelf temperature rises), the refrigeration system must operate in the dual role of cooling both the shelves and the condenser in order to maintain operational vacuum. If the sublimation rate from the product is high, this can often result in the refrigeration systems inability to meet both requirements. Most manufacturers attempt to compensate for these conditions by oversizing the compressor, which can lead to overloading in the terminal phase, resulting in reducing compressor life and reliability.  1, fiche 2, Anglais, - sublimation%20rate

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

En lyophilisation, rapport de la masse de matière sublimée à la masse de matière sublimable.  1, fiche 2, Français, - taux%20de%20sublimation

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A pump for exhausting air [or steam] or other as from an enclosed space to a desired degree of vacuum.  4, fiche 3, Anglais, - vacuum%20pump

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

These same basic components may be used in the design of a vacuum or a subatmospheric system. The vacuum heating pump maintains a vacuum in the return piping under all operating conditions, assisting the supply steam in overcoming the resistance of the system piping and assuring rapid and uniform steam distribution.  2, fiche 3, Anglais, - vacuum%20pump

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Vacuum pumps are used on a system where the returns are under a vacuum. The assembly consists of a receiver, separating tank and automatic controls for discharging the condensate to the boiler. Vacuum pumps are sized in the same manner as condensate pumps for a delivery of 2.5 to 3 times the design condensing rate.  2, fiche 3, Anglais, - vacuum%20pump

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Chauffage à pression sous-atmosphérique. [...] Les pompes à vide sont de deux sortes : 1. les pompes à piston, activées par la vapeur, aspirantes et foulantes, et, 2. les pompes centrifuges accouplées directement à un moteur électrique.  2, fiche 3, Français, - pompe%20%C3%A0%20vide

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Chauffage à vapeur sous vide. Une pompe à vide permet d'obtenir dans l'installation une pression inférieure à la pression atmosphérique [...] Le vide est parfois réalisé à l'aide d'une pompe refoulant l'eau condensée dans la chaudière et munie d'un système d'injecteurs appropriés [...]  3, fiche 3, Français, - pompe%20%C3%A0%20vide

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Pour les grands édifices [...] il est difficile de placer tous les échangeurs de chaleur au-dessus du niveau d'eau du générateur ou de la tuyauterie de retour. On utilise dans ce cas une pompe à vide qui maintient une pression inférieure à la pression atmosphérique (jusqu'à 650 mm de Hg) dans la tuyauterie générale de retour [...]  4, fiche 3, Français, - pompe%20%C3%A0%20vide

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Controlled pore support prepared by heating borosilicate glass to 500-700 °C, when it undergoes a phase separation. Subsequent leaching of the borate component leaves a porous support with closely controlled pore sizes. However, it is not suitable for industrial purposes owing to its high price and lack of stability due to the continuous leaching of silica from the particles during prolonged usage in continuous flow systems, especially in alkaline media. Various methods have been employed to overcome the stability problem including the deposition of a surface coating of zirconium oxide by impregnating the controlled pore glass with a zirconium salt under vacuum followed by calcination to the oxide.  2, fiche 4, Anglais, - controlled%20pore%20glass

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Studies have been carried out on matrix stability and effects of coupling methodology on inorganic supports. Significant differences in controlled pore glass via azo-linkage and Schiff’s base linkage, Schiff’s base being the most stable. Similarly, many immobilized enzymes show increased stability to proteolysis. This increased stability has been used as the basis for a patented cleaning procedure in ... industrial immobilized [beta]-galactosidase columns for removing accumulated absorbed proteinous material from the column surface.  3, fiche 4, Anglais, - controlled%20pore%20glass

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

CPG is an abbreviation of controlled pore glass.  2, fiche 4, Anglais, - controlled%20pore%20glass

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La chromatographie d'exclusion, utilisant soit des billes de verre à porosité contrôlée (dont la matrice est rigide), soit de la cellulose biodégradable, permet l'isolement de protéines comme les albumines du lait (sur résines échangeuses d'ions négatifs), ou les globulines (sur résines échangeuses d'ions positifs).  2, fiche 4, Français, - verre%20%C3%A0%20porosit%C3%A9%20contr%C3%B4l%C3%A9e

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

CPG est une abréviation souvent citée dans les ouvrages français.  2, fiche 4, Français, - verre%20%C3%A0%20porosit%C3%A9%20contr%C3%B4l%C3%A9e

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Figure 2 depicts a two-pipe vacuum heating system which uses a condensation pump as a mechanical lift for system where a part of the heating system is below the boiler room.  3, fiche 5, Anglais, - condensation%20vacuum%20pump

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Compare with diffusion pump.  4, fiche 5, Anglais, - condensation%20vacuum%20pump

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Comparer avec pompe à vide à diffusion.  3, fiche 5, Français, - pompe%20%C3%A0%20vide%20%C3%A0%20condensation

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cracking Stock. Oil with a boiling point of approximately 650-950°F; distillate obtained by vacuum distillation too heavy to be included in distillate fuels such as automotive diesel and heating oil...  1, fiche 6, Anglais, - automotive%20diesel

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On écrirait mieux «diésel».  2, fiche 6, Français, - diesel%20pour%20automobile

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 OBS

diésel : Cette graphie, puisée des Rectifications de l'orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, est attestée dans le Petit Robert (2004).  3, fiche 6, Français, - diesel%20pour%20automobile

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Electrostatic Levitation Furnace(ELF)... is a Materials Research Facility that uses electrostatic levitation for containerless sample processing. Laser heating provides for sample heating to temperatures of up to 2000, ºC(3632ºF) in a gas atmosphere or under vacuum. Observation is provided by a pyrometer, a thermal imaging system and a video camera. ELF will occupy a sub-rack portion of an ISPR [International Standard Payload Rack].  2, fiche 7, Anglais, - electrostatic%20levitation%20furnace

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

This is a NASDA Space Station Facility that will be located in the Japanese Experiment Module.  3, fiche 7, Anglais, - electrostatic%20levitation%20furnace

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

electrostatic levitation furnace; ELF: term and abbreviation officially approved by the International Space Station official approval Group (ISSOAG).  4, fiche 7, Anglais, - electrostatic%20levitation%20furnace

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Le] four à sustentation électrostatique [sert à] l'établissement des propriétés thermophysiques et structurales de semi-conducteurs et de métaux.  1, fiche 7, Français, - four%20%C3%A0%20sustentation%20%C3%A9lectrostatique

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

four à sustentation électrostatique; ELF : terme et abréviation uniformisés par le Groupe de travail de la terminologie de la Station spatiale internationale (GTTSSI).  2, fiche 7, Français, - four%20%C3%A0%20sustentation%20%C3%A9lectrostatique

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The degassing of a vacuum system by heating during the pumping process.  3, fiche 8, Anglais, - bakeout

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The entire vacuum system may be cooled to low temperatures to reduce the outgassing of all the sources, or the entire vacuum system may be subjected to a bakeout.  4, fiche 8, Anglais, - bakeout

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Après le premier étuvage, le système peut être exposé brièvement à l'air ambiant, puis évacué à nouveau jusqu'à l'obtention de l'ultravide.  1, fiche 8, Français, - %C3%A9tuvage

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Thermal Vacuum Test Chamber... The purpose of the Thermal Vacuum test is to verify that the satellite will work correctly in the extreme temperatures and low pressures experienced in space. The satellite is suspended from a test fixture in the center of the tank, which is pumped out to a pressure about a billion times smaller than atmospheric pressure. The entire chamber wall can be heated and cooled to simulate the effects of solar heating when the satellite is in sunlight and the cold of outer space when the satellite is in the shadow of the Earth.  3, fiche 9, Anglais, - vacuum%20test%20chamber

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[The] Gradient Heating Furnace(GHF)... is allocated the entire resources of Materials Science Rack I and consists of the Material Processing Unit and Sample Cartridge Automatic Exchange Mechanism. The Material Processing Unit is a zone-type 1600°C(2912°F) furnace with vacuum capabilities that accepts cartridge-type sample. In order to conserve crew resources on orbit, the sample cartridge is automatically exchanged by the Sample Cartridge Automatic Exchange Mechanism.  2, fiche 10, Anglais, - material%20processing%20unit

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

material processing unit: term officially approved by the International Space Station official approval Group (ISSOAG).  3, fiche 10, Anglais, - material%20processing%20unit

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

unité de traitement des matériaux : terme uniformisé par le Groupe de travail de la terminologie de la Station spatiale internationale (GTTSSI).  1, fiche 10, Français, - unit%C3%A9%20de%20traitement%20des%20mat%C3%A9riaux

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Gradient Heating Furnace(GHF)... is allocated the entire resources of the Materials Science Rack I. [It] consists of the Material Processing Unit and the Sample Cartridge Automatic Exchange Mechanism. The Material Processing Unit is a zone-type 1600°C(2912°F) furnace with vacuum capabilities that accepts cartridge-type sample. In order to conserve crew resources on orbit, the sample cartridge is automatically exchanged by the Sample Cartridge Automatic Exchange Mechanism.  6, fiche 11, Anglais, - gradient%20heating%20furnace

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

gradient heating furnace; GHF: term and abbreviation officially approved by the International Space Station official approval Group (ISSOAG).  7, fiche 11, Anglais, - gradient%20heating%20furnace

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

four à gradient; GHF : terme et abréviation uniformisés par le Groupe de travail de la terminologie de la Station spatiale internationale (GTTSSI).  2, fiche 11, Français, - four%20%C3%A0%20gradient

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Bonding two conductors by means of heating with a stream of electrons in a vacuum.  1, fiche 12, Anglais, - electron%20beam%20bonding

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A packaging process whereby a product is covered by a closely fitting transparent film on one surface of a skin pack board. The article is usually placed on a porous, rigid backing sheet, heating film is draped over it, and vacuum is applied to draw the film tightly over the article.  4, fiche 13, Anglais, - skin%20packaging

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Do not confuse with "shrink packaging".  5, fiche 13, Anglais, - skin%20packaging

Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Procédé consistant à plaquer une feuille plastique sur un objet, généralement placé sur un support de carton léger. L'opération s'exécute sous vide après préchauffage de la feuille plastique.  7, fiche 13, Français, - pelliplacage

Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 14,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

skin packaging : A packaging process whereby a product is covered by a closely fitting transparent film on one surface of a skin pack board. The article is usually placed on a porous, rigid backing sheet, heating film is draped over it, and vacuum is applied to draw the film tightly over the article.  5, fiche 14, Anglais, - skin%20packing%20machine

Fiche 14,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Machine destinée au pelliplacage.  5, fiche 14, Français, - pelliplaqueuse

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

pelliplacage : Procédé d'emballage consistant à plaquer une feuille plastique sur un objet, généralement placé sur un support de carton léger. (L'opération s'exécute sous vide après préchauffage de la feuille plastique.)  6, fiche 14, Français, - pelliplaqueuse

Fiche 14,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 15,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The conditioning of unseasoned or partially seasoned timber for pressure treatment by heating it in a tar-oil-type preservative under vacuum and so boiling off its water.  1, fiche 15, Anglais, - Boulton%20process

Fiche 15,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dans le procédé sous pression de traitement des bois, étape préliminaire consistant à bouillir sous vide le bois séché ou en partie séché, dans une solution de conservation goudronnée, l'eau du bois étant exprimée par le vide.  2, fiche 15, Français, - proc%C3%A9d%C3%A9%20Boulton

Fiche 15,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 16,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A furnace using low atmospheric pressures instead of a protective gas atmosphere like most heat-treating furnaces.  2, fiche 16, Anglais, - vacuum%20furnace

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Vacuum furnaces are categorized as hot wall or cold wall, depending on the location of the heating and insulating components.  2, fiche 16, Anglais, - vacuum%20furnace

Fiche 16,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans le four à vide de l'installation, les lingots sont fondus par faisceaux d'électrons dans un milieu parfaitement stérile.  2, fiche 16, Français, - four%20%C3%A0%20vide

Fiche 16,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 17,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Exhausting includes the removal of air from the filled can and the establishment of conditions whereby the finished canned product will show a substantial degree of vacuum. This can be done by heating the filled can in steam or hot water for several minutes so that the air is driven out and the temperature of the contents is raised considerably. It can also be accomplished by a vacuum closing machine where the air is sucked out by a pump and the lid is sealed on while the suction is being maintained.  2, fiche 17, Anglais, - exhausting

Fiche 17,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le préchauffage est l'opération qui consiste à porter le contenu des récipients présertis à une température d'environ 70-80 degrés Celsius pendant quelques minutes. (...) Le préchauffage a pour rôle essentiel d'éliminer l'air inclus dans les cellules des fruits, dans le jus et dans l'espace libre situé entre le produit et le couvercle de fermeture.  2, fiche 17, Français, - pr%C3%A9chauffage

Fiche 17,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 18,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A heating system in which one pipe is used for supplying steam to radiator and another pipe is used to return cooled water or condensate to boiler.  4, fiche 18, Anglais, - two%2Dpipe%20steam%20system

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Two-pipe steam heating systems... are designed to operate at pressures ranging from subatmospheric(vacuum) to high pressure. Although they use many practical piping arrangements to provide up-flow or down-flow systems, they are conveniently classified by the method of condensate return to the boiler. Condensate can be returned to the boiler by gravity or by use of any one of several mechanical return means.  2, fiche 18, Anglais, - two%2Dpipe%20steam%20system

Fiche 18,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

(...) les installations de chauffage à vapeur (...) Le système de chauffage à deux tuyaux (...) comporte deux tuyaux, dont un d'amenée pour la vapeur, et l'autre de retour, plus petit, pour l'eau de condensation.  1, fiche 18, Français, - syst%C3%A8me%20%C3%A0%20vapeur%20%C3%A0%20deux%20tuyaux

Fiche 18,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 19,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Condensate return pumps are used for low pressure, gravity return heating system. They are normally of the motor driven centrifugal type and have a receiver and automatic float control. Other types of condensate return pumps are the rotary, screw, turbine and reciprocating pump. ... the condensate pump has a capacity of 2.5 to 3 times normal flow.  3, fiche 19, Anglais, - condensate%20return%20pump

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 CONT

When the steam condensate cannot be returned by gravity to the boiler in a two-pipe [steam heating] system, an alternating return lifting trap, condensate return pump, or vacuum return pump must be used to force the condensate back into the boiler. In a condensate return pump arrangement, the return piping is arranged for the water to flow by gravity into a collecting receiver or tank, which may be located below the steam-boiler waterline.  4, fiche 19, Anglais, - condensate%20return%20pump

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 3 CONT

When ... the condensate cannot be returned to the boiler by gravity ... a condensate pump [is used] ... A condensate pump must be located at the low point of return and as close to the boiler as possible.  2, fiche 19, Anglais, - condensate%20return%20pump

Fiche 19,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans une telle installation, quand l'eau condensée ne peut retourner par gravité dans le générateur de vapeur, on emploie une pompe refoulante ou une pompe à vide de retour de l'eau condensée, pour introduire celle-ci sous pression dans le générateur. Dans les installations à pompe de retour de l'eau de condensation, la tuyauterie de retour est dimensionnée de manière à ce que l'eau s'écoule par gravité dans le collecteur de retour ou dans la bâche recueillant le produit de condensation  1, fiche 19, Français, - pompe%20%C3%A0%20vide%20de%20retour%20de%20l%27eau%20condens%C3%A9e

Fiche 19,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 20,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

subatmospheric heating system : A system which regulates steam flow into the main throttle valve under automatic thermostatic control and maintains a fixed vacuum differential between supply and return by means of a differential controller and a vacuum pump.  2, fiche 20, Anglais, - subatmospheric%20heating

Fiche 20,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] chauffage à vapeur fonctionnant dans une installation étanche, sous une pression inférieure à la pression atmosphérique.  3, fiche 20, Français, - chauffage%20%C3%A0%20vapeur%20%C3%A0%20pression%20sous%2Datmosph%C3%A9rique

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 2 DEF

[...] chauffage à vapeur à basse pression dans lequel les tuyauteries n'ont aucune communication avec l'atmosphère.  4, fiche 20, Français, - chauffage%20%C3%A0%20vapeur%20%C3%A0%20pression%20sous%2Datmosph%C3%A9rique

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans les chauffages à vapeur, le fluide véhiculaire utilisé est la vapeur d'eau. La vapeur produite dans les chaudières est conduite jusqu'aux corps de chauffe par un réseau de canalisations, s'y condense en cédant sa chaleur latente de vaporisation et retourne sous forme d'eau aux chaudières, à partir desquelles le cycle recommence. On distingue : - suivant la pression : [...] les chauffages à vapeur à pression sous-atmosphérique [...]  4, fiche 20, Français, - chauffage%20%C3%A0%20vapeur%20%C3%A0%20pression%20sous%2Datmosph%C3%A9rique

Fiche 20,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 21,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Figure 2 depicts a two-pipe vacuum heating system which uses a condensating pump as a mechanical lift for systems where a part of the heating system is below the boiler room.  1, fiche 21, Anglais, - two%2Dpipe%20vacuum%20heating%20system

Fiche 21,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 21,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 22,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The A-battery, transformer filament winding, or other voltage source that supplies power for heating the filaments of vacuum tubes.  1, fiche 22, Anglais, - A%2Dsupply

Fiche 22,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 22,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 23,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

twin-connected steel vacuum steam heating boilers operated by underfeed stokers  1, fiche 23, Anglais, - operated

Fiche 23,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

fournaises à vapeur à vide jumelées alimentées par des chargeurs mécaniques  1, fiche 23, Français, - aliment%C3%A9

Fiche 23,  Justifications,  Espagnol