TERMIUM Plus^®

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Ram/wake effect. When a spacecraft velocity is higher than or comparable to the ion acoustic velocity, it distorts the plasma environment it experiences, creating a void of particles behind it and often a build-up of particles before it. These effects are seen principally in the ionosphere. The ion acoustic velocity is the speed at which pressure differences are transmitted through a plasma...  2, fiche 1, Anglais, - ram%2Dwake%20effect

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In applying the principles of electrostrictive hydrodynamics(electrohydrodynamics) it is immediately clear to the aeronautical engineer that a large electrode area is required. Just as a sailboat uses a sail, any vehicle utilizing electrohydrodynamic propulsion must employ a large ballistic electrode to integrate the pressure of plasma "winds" to provide lift or forward thrust. These so-called "electric winds" are ion flows, moving at relatively high velocity. The flows may take various patterns determined by 1) The manner in which the flows are generated, and 2) The curvature of the surfaces which confine them.  1, fiche 2, Anglais, - electrohydrodynamic%20propulsion

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Sputter Ion Pump... This pump uses a cathode material such as titanium vaporized or sputtered by bombardment with high velocity ions.  2, fiche 3, Anglais, - sputter%2Dion%20pump

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