TERMIUM Plus^®

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The Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index(FWI) System consists of six components that account for the effects of fuel moisture and weather conditions on fire behavior. The first three components are fuel moisture codes, which are numeric ratings of the moisture content of the forest floor and other dead organic matter. Their values rise as the moisture content decreases. There is one fuel moisture code for each of three layers of fuel : litter and other fine fuels; loosely compacted organic layers of moderate depth; and deep, compact organic layers. The remaining three components are fire behavior indices, which represent the rate of fire spread, the fuel available for combustion, and the frontal fire intensity; these three values rise as the fire danger increases.  1, fiche 1, Anglais, - Canadian%20Forest%20Fire%20Weather%20Index%20System

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Français

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La Méthode canadienne de l'indice forêt météo (IFM) est formée de six composantes qui tiennent compte des effets de la teneur en eau des combustibles et des conditions météorologiques sur le comportement du feu. Les trois premières composantes sont des indices d'humidité des combustibles; ce sont des valeurs numériques de la teneur en eau de la litière et d'autres matières organiques mortes. Leur valeur augmente à mesure que la teneur en eau diminue. Il existe un indice d’humidité des combustibles pour chacune des trois couches de combustibles : litière et autres combustibles légers, couches organiques peu tassées de moyenne épaisseur, et épaisses couches organiques compactes. Les trois autres composantes sont des indices de comportement du feu qui représentent la vitesse de propagation du feu, les quantités de combustibles disponibles et l'intensité du feu sur le front de l'incendie; la valeur de ces trois indices est directement proportionnelle au danger d'incendie.  1, fiche 1, Français, - M%C3%A9thode%20canadienne%20de%20l%27indice%20for%C3%AAt%2Dm%C3%A9t%C3%A9o

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Canada's current method of fire danger assessment is known as the Canadian Forest Fire Danger Rating System(CFFDRS), which took shape in the late 1960s when the Canadian Forest Service(CFS) envisioned a modular design for a national fire danger rating system. The CFFDRS currently comprises two major subsystems, namely the Fire Weather Index(FWI) System and the Fire Behaviour Prediction(FBP) System.  3, fiche 2, Anglais, - Canadian%20Forest%20Fire%20Danger%20Rating%20System

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Français

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La Méthode canadienne d'évaluation des dangers d'incendie de forêt (MCEDIF) est le système national canadien d'évaluation des dangers d'incendie de forêt. Le système renferme l'affichage de données météorologiques, à la fois existantes et à venir, servant à l'évaluation des dangers d'incendie de forêt, la description de la fréquence des incendies ainsi que la prévision des caractéristiques du comportement du feu.  2, fiche 2, Français, - M%C3%A9thode%20canadienne%20d%27%C3%A9valuation%20des%20dangers%20d%27incendie%20de%20for%C3%AAt

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The temperature at which air with some standard humidity, motion, and radiation would provide the same sensation of human comfort as existing atmospheric conditions.  2, fiche 3, Anglais, - sensible%20temperature

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Of the many sensible temperature formulas proposed, none is completely satisfactory or generally accepted. Most are intended for warm, moist conditions; a few, like the wind chill index, are for cold weather.  2, fiche 3, Anglais, - sensible%20temperature

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Anglais

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On November 15, 2021, the Hello Weather service was launched, and now automated weather information is delivered through 2 national toll-free lines.  1, fiche 4, Anglais, - Hello%20Weather

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This telephone service provides weather forecasts, current weather conditions, information on impending hazardous weather, marine weather information, and air quality and health index information.  1, fiche 4, Anglais, - Hello%20Weather

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Français

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Le lancement du service Bonjour Météo a eu lieu le 15 novembre 2021, et les renseignements météorologiques automatisés sont maintenant diffusés au moyen de 2 lignes nationales sans frais.  1, fiche 4, Français, - Bonjour%20M%C3%A9t%C3%A9o

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Ce service téléphonique fournit des prévisions météorologiques, des renseignements sur les conditions météorologiques courantes, les phénomènes météorologiques dangereux imminents, la météo maritime et la cote air santé.  1, fiche 4, Français, - Bonjour%20M%C3%A9t%C3%A9o

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The extreme forecast index(EFI,...), developed at ECMWF [European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts], is an example of an index that was designed to identify situations where the medium-range ensemble prediction system(EPS) forecasts are detecting extreme situations. Detection of extremes can be accomplished by comparing model forecasts to the underlying model climatology.  2, fiche 5, Anglais, - extreme%20forecast%20index

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Français

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L'EFI est un paramètre de prévision utilisé pour évaluer l'anormalité d'une situation météorologique prévue en se basant sur la différence entre la distribution du système de prévision d'ensemble et la climatologie du modèle du CEPMMT [Centre européen pour les prévisions météorologiques à moyen terme].  2, fiche 5, Français, - indice%20de%20pr%C3%A9vision%20d%27%C3%A9v%C3%A8nements%20extr%C3%AAmes

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Anglais

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To produce the UV index forecast, Environment and Climate Change Canada takes data from ozone measuring stations across the country to determine the present thickness of the ozone layer. A computer model then forecasts the thickness of the ozone layer over Canada for the next day. Combining the forecast of the ozone layer with data about the height and the angle of the sun gives a UV forecast for the next day, for a clear sunny sky. Adding the amount of cloud predicted in the weather forecast then gives the amount of UV that can actually be expected. The forecast gives the maximum amount of UV expected for the day. On a clear day with no clouds, this occurs at noon(or 1 p. m. for those on daylight time), when the sun is highest in the sky.  3, fiche 6, Anglais, - ultraviolet%20index%20forecast

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Français

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Pour établir les prévisions de l'indice UV, Environnement et Changement climatique Canada utilise les données provenant des stations de mesure de l'ozone réparties dans l'ensemble du pays afin de déterminer l'épaisseur de la couche d'ozone. Un modèle informatique prévoit ensuite l'épaisseur de la couche d'ozone partout au Canada, pour le lendemain. La combinaison des prévisions concernant la couche d'ozone et des données relatives à la hauteur et à l'angle du soleil fournit une prévision de l'indice UV pour le lendemain, pour du temps dégagé et ensoleillé. On y ajoute la couverture nuageuse selon les prévisions météorologiques, ce qui permet de calculer la quantité de rayons UV prévue. La prévision indique la quantité maximale de rayons UV prévue pour la journée. Par temps dégagé sans nuages, celle-ci est atteinte à midi (ou à 13 h à l'heure avancée), lorsque le soleil est à son zénith.  1, fiche 6, Français, - pr%C3%A9vision%20de%20l%27indice%20UV

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Convective index used to predict thunderstorms and tornadoes.  3, fiche 7, Anglais, - severe%20weather%20threat%20index

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The SWEAT Index evaluates the potential for severe weather by examining both kinematic and thermodynamic information into one index.... Unlike the K Index, the SWEAT index should be used to assess severe weather potential, not ordinary thunderstorm potential.  5, fiche 7, Anglais, - severe%20weather%20threat%20index

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SWEAT = 12D + 20(T - 49) + 2f₈ + f₅ + 125(S + 0.2), where D is the 850 hPa dew point in °C (if D is negative, it is set to zero); f₈ and f₅, the wind speed at 850 and 500 hPa in knots; S, the sine of the difference of the wind directions at 500 and 850 hPa; T, the total totals index in °C (if T is less than 49, the term 20(T - 49) is set to zero).  3, fiche 7, Anglais, - severe%20weather%20threat%20index

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Applications of the formula show that a SWEAT value of 300 represents a lower limit for the occurrence of severe thunderstorms and a value of 400 represents a lower limit for the occurrence of tornadoes.  3, fiche 7, Anglais, - severe%20weather%20threat%20index

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... [stability] index attributable to Miller (1972) ...  2, fiche 7, Anglais, - severe%20weather%20threat%20index

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Français

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Indice de convection utilisé pour prévoir les orages et les tornades.  1, fiche 7, Français, - indice%20de%20menace%20de%20temps%20violent

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SWEAT = 12D + 20(T - 49) + 2f₈ + f₅ + 125(S + 0,2), où D est le point de rosée à 850 hPa en °C (si D est négatif, ce terme prend la valeur zéro); f₈ et f₅, les vitesses du vent à 850 et 500 hPa en noeuds; S, le sinus de la différence entre les directions du vent à 500 et 850 hPa; T, l'indice total-total en °C (si T est inférieur à 49, le terme 20(T - 49) prend la valeur zéro).  1, fiche 7, Français, - indice%20de%20menace%20de%20temps%20violent

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Son utilisation montre qu'une valeur SWEAT de 300 représente une limite inférieure pour la manifestation d'orages violents et qu'une valeur de 400 est une limite inférieure pour la manifestation de tornades.  1, fiche 7, Français, - indice%20de%20menace%20de%20temps%20violent

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Espagnol

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Indice convectivo utilizado para predecir tormentas y tornados.  1, fiche 7, Espagnol, - %C3%ADndice%20de%20amenaza%20de%20tiempo%20violento

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SWEAT = 12D + 20(T - 49) + 2 f₈ + f₅ + 125 (S + 0,2), donde D es el punto de rocío a 850 hPa en grados C (si D es negativo, este término se fija en 0); f₈ y f₅ son la velocidad del viento en nudos a 850 y 500 hPa; S es el seno de la diferencia entre las direcciones del viento a 500 y 850 hPa; T es el índice total de totales en grados C (si T es inferior a 49, el término 20 (T - 49) se fija en 0).  1, fiche 7, Espagnol, - %C3%ADndice%20de%20amenaza%20de%20tiempo%20violento

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Su empleo muestra que un valor SWEAT de 300 representa un límite inferior para la aparición de tormentas intensas y que un valor de 400 es el límite inferior para la aparición de tornados.  1, fiche 7, Espagnol, - %C3%ADndice%20de%20amenaza%20de%20tiempo%20violento

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Anglais

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A statistical method, based on the log-mean Divisia index I(LMDI I) approach... used to separate changes in energy use into five factors : activity, structure, weather, service level and energy efficiency.  1, fiche 8, Anglais, - factorization%20method

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Français

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[...] méthode statistique, reposant sur l'indice de la moyenne logarithmique de Divisia I (IMLD I), qui est utilisée pour répartir les changements dans la consommation d'énergie en cinq facteurs : activité, conditions météorologiques, structure, niveau de service et efficacité énergétique.  1, fiche 8, Français, - m%C3%A9thode%20de%20factorisation

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Anglais

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A combined measurement of temperature and humidity got by adding the Fahrenheit figure to vapor pressure in millibars minus 10.  1, fiche 9, Anglais, - humidex

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[Humidex] indicates the dry-air temperature that would cause the same level of discomfort. Humidex values above 85 stand for increasingly uncomfortable combinations of heat and humidity.  1, fiche 9, Anglais, - humidex

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The term "humidex"(Humidity + index) was coined in 1965 by the Toronto Weather Office.  2, fiche 9, Anglais, - humidex

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Not to be confused with "comfort index" or "humidity index."  2, fiche 9, Anglais, - humidex

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Français

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Effets de la température et de l'humidité exprimés par la formule : H = ,T + h où T est la température en degrés Fahrenheit et h, la pression de vapeur en millibars e moins 10. Donc H = T + (e - 10)  2, fiche 9, Français, - humidex

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L'humidex combine la température enregistrée et le degré hygrométrique de l'air pour donner une température apparente, celle que l'on perçoit en fait.  3, fiche 9, Français, - humidex

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C'est surtout au Canada qu'on emploie l'indice humidex.  4, fiche 9, Français, - humidex

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On trouve parfois, sans raison cependant, la graphie avec un "H" majuscule initial.  4, fiche 9, Français, - humidex

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Espagnol

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[...] el humidex es una innovación canadiense [...] y está basado en principios biometeorológicos. Es un número en grados que indica la temperatura efectiva que siente el individuo bajo ciertas condiciones de humedad y temperatura ambiente [...]  1, fiche 9, Espagnol, - humidex

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La sensación térmica en verano. También en verano podemos experimentar más o menos calor a una misma temperatura, en este caso debido a la combinación de temperatura y humedad relativa. En días calurosos, una humedad relativa alta aumenta la sensación de calor, ya que la evaporación del sudor, que es el principal medio para disminuir el calor corporal, se ve dificultada por el exceso de humedad presente en el aire. Por ejemplo, en un día con una temperatura de 30 ºC y humedad relativa de 50 %, la sensación térmica es de 36 ºC.  2, fiche 9, Espagnol, - humidex

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humidex: no confundir con "índice de humedad", que hace referencia al índice que refleja la disponibilidad hídrica del clima.  3, fiche 9, Espagnol, - humidex

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Index intended to compare the climates of different locations in Canada based on four factors of discomfort, psychological effect, hazard and outdoor mobility. The higher the number, the more severe the climate is in that area. The lower the score, the more ideal the climate.  4, fiche 10, Anglais, - Climate%20Severity%20Index

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Ten years ago the federal government asked David Phillips, senior climatologist at Environment Canada, to come up with a reliable comparison of weather extremes across the country. He took into account such factors as extreme cold, the frequency of blowing snow and freezing rain, as well as hours of daylight. He also looked at warm weather nasties such as extreme heat, humidity and thunderstorms. The result of all this work was the Climate Severity Index.  5, fiche 10, Anglais, - Climate%20Severity%20Index

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Français

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Nombre résumant divers inconvénients du climat canadien. D'après un ouvrage de D.W. Phillips et R.B. Crowe, publié par Environnement Canada  1, fiche 10, Français, - indice%20de%20rigueur%20du%20climat

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Anglais

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... a soil/duff drought index [developed by Keetch and Byram (1968]) that ranges from 0 (no drought) to 800 (extreme drought) and is based on soil capacity of 8 inches of water. Factors in the index are maximum daily temperature, daily precipitation, antecedent precipitation, and annual precipitation.  4, fiche 11, Anglais, - Keetch%2DByram%20drought%20index

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The Keetch Byram Drought Index(KBDI) provides a daily measure of soil dryness, which, in turn, gives an indication of water stress in plants. The KBDI represents the net effect of precipitation and evapotranspiration in producing cumulative moisture deficiency in deep duff or upper soil layers. The KBDI has a range from 0(no drought or soil moisture deficiency, i. e. soil at field capacity) to 2000(extreme drought, maximum soil moisture deficiency possible). The index can be viewed as the amount of rain needed to bring the soil back to saturation, with one mm of rain reducing the index by 10 points. The 0-2000 point scale is divided into three drought classes : 0-999=Low; 1000-1499=Moderate; 1500-2000=High. The KBDI is simple to calculate as it uses only two, daily weather observations-maximum temperature and 24-hour rainfall. The system functions in a book-keeping fashion where estimates of daily evapo-transpiration and measurements of precipitation increase or decrease the value of yesterdays index. The KBDI by itself is not a Fire Danger Rating System as it gives no indicate of the ease of ignition of the vegetation, or of the rate of fire spread, fire intensity and difficulty of control. It does however serve as a useful measure of drought occurrence.  7, fiche 11, Anglais, - Keetch%2DByram%20drought%20index

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Keetch-Byram Drought Index (KBDI): ... 0 - 200: Soil moisture and large class fuel moistures are high and do not contribute much to fire intensity. Typical of spring dormant season following winter precipitation. 200 - 400: Typical of late spring, early growing season. Lower litter and duff layers are drying and beginning to contribute to fire intensity. 400 - 600: Typical of late summer, early fall. Lower litter and duff layers actively contribute to fire intensity and will burn actively. 600 - 800: Often associated with more severe drought with increased wildfire occurrence. Intense, deep burning fires with significant downwind spotting can be expected. Live fuels can also be expected to burn actively at these levels.  9, fiche 11, Anglais, - Keetch%2DByram%20drought%20index

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... the Palmer Drought Index (PDI) and the Keetch-Byram Drought Index (KBDI) ... were [both] developed by John Keetch and George Byram, and originally were developed as aids for agriculture. The ... KBDI is used extensively in the eastern states and also in some parts of the west.  10, fiche 11, Anglais, - Keetch%2DByram%20drought%20index

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In the metric system the value of the index is usually assumed to range from 0 to 200 mm (even though 800 points actually corresponds to 204 mm).  3, fiche 11, Anglais, - Keetch%2DByram%20drought%20index

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Keetch-Byram Drought Index [is] a commonly-used drought index adapted for fire management applications ...  11, fiche 11, Anglais, - Keetch%2DByram%20drought%20index

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"Duff" is... an important term in the fire weather program of the US Forest Service, used to describe the partially decayed organic matter on the forest floor which can become highly combustible during drought periods and contribute to the longevity and spread of forest fires.... the Keetch-Byram Drought Index is sometimes referred to as the soil/duff drought index because it is a measure of how dry the soil and duff layers are.  6, fiche 11, Anglais, - Keetch%2DByram%20drought%20index

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Français

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On écrirait mieux «sècheresse».  2, fiche 11, Français, - indice%20de%20s%C3%A9cheresse%20Keetch%2DByram

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sècheresse : Cette graphie, puisée des Rectifications de l'orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, est attestée dans le Petit Robert (2006).  3, fiche 11, Français, - indice%20de%20s%C3%A9cheresse%20Keetch%2DByram

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Anglais

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An index which gives a numerical value, in the general range of 70-80, reflecting outdoor atmospheric conditions of temperature and humidity as a measure of comfort (or discomfort) during the warm season of the year; equal to 15 plus 0.4 times the sum of the dry-bulb and wet-bulb temperatures in degrees Fahrenheit.  4, fiche 12, Anglais, - temperature%2Dhumidity%20index

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This page shows two of the most interesting tables (Humidex Index and Thom’s Index) useful to evaluate how current temperature and relative humidity can affect the sultriness or discomfort sensation and cause health danger in the population. ... Thom’s Index: Up to 21[°C:] No discomfort. From 21 to 24. Less than half population feels discomfort. From 25 to 27. More than half population feels discomfort. From 28 to 29. Most population feels discomfort and deterioration of psychophysical conditions. From 30 to 32. The whole population feels an heavy discomfort. Over 32. Sanitary emergency due to the the very strong discomfort which may cause heatstrokes.  7, fiche 12, Anglais, - temperature%2Dhumidity%20index

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... the discomfort index, soon renamed temperature-humidity index(THI) [was] used by the Weather Bureau(now National Weather Service) for several years. In Canada it was called humidity index.  9, fiche 12, Anglais, - temperature%2Dhumidity%20index

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temperature-humidity index: Abbreviated THI ; also known as discomfort index, effective temperature.  10, fiche 12, Anglais, - temperature%2Dhumidity%20index

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temperature-humidity index: ... Sometimes called the misery index by television weatherpersons. An example is the WBGT [Wet Bulb Globe Temperature] index.  8, fiche 12, Anglais, - temperature%2Dhumidity%20index

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"comfort index": term usually used with a broader meaning: any index related to comfort.  11, fiche 12, Anglais, - temperature%2Dhumidity%20index

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Effets de la température et de l'humidité sur le corps humain exprimés par la formule: DI = 0.4 (Td + Tw) + 15 où Td = température du thermomètre sec (en degrés F); Tw = température du thermomètre mouillé (en degrés F). Le bien-être est marqué par DI <70.  3, fiche 12, Français, - indice%20temp%C3%A9rature%2Dhumidit%C3%A9

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Indice température-humidité. D'origine américaine, l'indice température-humidité est similaire à l'humidex canadien. C'est l'équivalent estival du facteur éolien en hiver. De même que le vent accentue la perception (et l'impact physiologique) du froid, l'humidité accentue la perception et l'impact de la chaleur. Chacun sait qu'un temps chaud et humide est beaucoup plus pénible qu'un temps chaud et sec!  4, fiche 12, Français, - indice%20temp%C3%A9rature%2Dhumidit%C3%A9

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Espagnol

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Un índice conocido y usado [...] para guiar el desconfort o el confort, basado en las condiciones de temperatura y humedad, es el índice de temperatura- humedad (ITH). A fin de calcular el ITH [...] se usa la siguiente fórmula: ITH = T - 0.55 (1-HR) (T-14) donde T es la temperatura del aire (en grados centígrados) y H es la humedad relativa expresada en fracciones decimales. [...] un ITH entre 15 y 20 es aceptable por la mayoría [de las personas] como confortable.  1, fiche 12, Espagnol, - %C3%ADndice%20de%20temperatura%2Dhumedad

Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Anglais

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An index used to gage the severity of drought conditions by using a water balance equation to track water supply and demand.  7, fiche 13, Anglais, - Palmer%20drought%20severity%20index

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The Palmer Index was developed by Wayne Palmer in the 1960s and uses temperature and rainfall information in a formula to determine dryness. It has become the semi-official drought index. The Palmer Index is most effective in determining long term drought-a matter of several months-and is not as good with short-term forecasts (a matter of weeks). It uses a 0 as normal, and drought is shown in terms of minus numbers; for example, minus 2 is moderate drought, minus 3 is severe drought, and minus 4 is extreme drought. ... The Palmer Index can also reflect excess rain using a corresponding level reflected by plus figures; i.e., 0 is normal, plus 2 is moderate rainfall, etc.  8, fiche 13, Anglais, - Palmer%20drought%20severity%20index

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Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) ... compares the actual amount of precipitation received in an area during a specified period with the normal or average amount expected during that same period. It was developed to measure lack of moisture over a relatively long period of time and is based on the supply and demand concept of a water balance equation. Included in the equation are amount of evaporation, soil recharge, and runoff and temperature and precipitation data.  9, fiche 13, Anglais, - Palmer%20drought%20severity%20index

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PALMER DROUGHT INDEX [is] a long-term meteorological drought severity index produced by the NOAA/USDA(Department of Agriculture) Joint Agricultural Weather Facility [that] depicts prolonged times, as in months or years, of abnormal dryness or wetness [over large regions]. It responds slowly, changing little from week to week, and reflects long-term moisture runoff, recharge, and deep percolation, as well as evapotranspiration.  10, fiche 13, Anglais, - Palmer%20drought%20severity%20index

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Literature describing the suite of indices for measuring drought that are collectively known as "PDI"; including the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), Palmer Hydrologic Drought Index (PHDI) ...  5, fiche 13, Anglais, - Palmer%20drought%20severity%20index

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The Palmer Index has long been used by the agriculture community to anticipate the potential effects of weather on crop development and yield.  11, fiche 13, Anglais, - Palmer%20drought%20severity%20index

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Palmer Drought Index [is] published periodically by the Joint Agricultural Weather Facility.  11, fiche 13, Anglais, - Palmer%20drought%20severity%20index

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... this [PDSI] index is calculated weekly by the National Weather Service [(United States) ].  7, fiche 13, Anglais, - Palmer%20drought%20severity%20index

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Il est donc évident que les États-Unis reçoivent plus de pluies, plutôt que l'inverse. Cela peut se vérifier en examinant les indices hydrologiques, tels que l'indice Palmer de gravité de sécheresse qui mesure à la fois les sécheresses et les précipitations extrêmes.  5, fiche 13, Français, - indice%20de%20s%C3%A9v%C3%A9rit%C3%A9%20de%20s%C3%A9cheresse%20de%20Palmer

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De nombreux indices de sécheresse ont été élaborés pour tenter de combiner les divers paramètres influant sur les sécheresses en un chiffre unique. À titre d'exemple, citons l'indice de précipitation cumulative, fondé sur un paramètre unique, celui des précipitations, et l'indice Palmer de gravité de sécheresse, plus complexe, basé sur une analyse en profondeur du bilan des eaux superficielles et une comparaison entre les valeurs réelles et les valeurs possibles compte tenu du climat.  6, fiche 13, Français, - indice%20de%20s%C3%A9v%C3%A9rit%C3%A9%20de%20s%C3%A9cheresse%20de%20Palmer

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On écrirait mieux «sècheresse».  7, fiche 13, Français, - indice%20de%20s%C3%A9v%C3%A9rit%C3%A9%20de%20s%C3%A9cheresse%20de%20Palmer

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sècheresse : Cette graphie, puisée des Rectifications de l'orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, est attestée dans le Petit Robert (2006).  8, fiche 13, Français, - indice%20de%20s%C3%A9v%C3%A9rit%C3%A9%20de%20s%C3%A9cheresse%20de%20Palmer

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A numerical measure, based on the Fire Weather Index(FWI), specifically designed for averaging, either for any desired period of time(e. g. week, month, year) at a single fire weather station or spatially over a number of stations.  2, fiche 14, Anglais, - daily%20severity%20rating

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The FWI [Fire Weather Index] itself, on the other hand, is not considered suitable for averaging, and should be used as its single daily value only.  2, fiche 14, Anglais, - daily%20severity%20rating

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[...] évaluation numérique de la difficulté à contrôler des feux.  3, fiche 14, Français, - indice%20journalier%20de%20s%C3%A9v%C3%A9rit%C3%A9

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[L'indice journalier de sévérité] [...] est basé sur l'Indice forêt-météo mais reflète plus précisément les efforts attendus requis pour la suppression.  3, fiche 14, Français, - indice%20journalier%20de%20s%C3%A9v%C3%A9rit%C3%A9

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Daily Severity Rating-A numerical measure, based on the Fire Weather Index(FWI), specifically designed for averaging, either for any desired period of time(e. g. week, month, year) at a single fire weather station or spatially over a number of stations. The FWI itself, on the other hand, is not considered suitable for averaging, and should be used as its single daily value only. The DSR averaged over a whole fire season is termed the Seasonal Severity Rating(SSR) which can be used as an objective measure for comparing fire weather severity from one season to the next, or the fire climate of one region with another.  2, fiche 15, Anglais, - seasonal%20severity%20rating

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Moyenne de l'Indice journalier de sévérité pour toute la saison des incendies.  1, fiche 15, Français, - indice%20saisonnier%20de%20s%C3%A9v%C3%A9rit%C3%A9

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Il peut être calculé pour une station ou une région. Cet indice est considéré comme un critère objectif de comparaison des saisons ou des régions quant à la gravité des conditions météorologiques relativement aux incendies.  1, fiche 15, Français, - indice%20saisonnier%20de%20s%C3%A9v%C3%A9rit%C3%A9

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A building index under [the] Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index System.  1, fiche 16, Anglais, - adjusted%20duff%20moisture%20code

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duff moisture code: [A code that] represents the moisture content of loosely compacted, decomposing organic material 5-10 cm (2-4 inches) deep and weighing about 1 lb/ft² when dry.  2, fiche 16, Anglais, - adjusted%20duff%20moisture%20code

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The theory of tropospheric scattering is based on a combination of several models : The mechanism indicated by fig. 2a involves a tropospheric layer, or feuillet, which has a sufficiently abrupt change in refractive index, usually associated with fair weather conditions, to reflect a substantial amount of radio energy at the grazing angles and frequencies of interest.  1, fiche 17, Anglais, - feuillet

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Partie de l'atmosphère qui présente des caractéristiques nettement différentes de celles de l'atmosphère ambiante, dont les dimensions horizontales sont de l'ordre de plusieurs hectomètres, les dimensions verticales étant beaucoup plus petites, et dont le déplacement par rapport au sol ne peut être négligeable.  1, fiche 17, Français, - feuillet

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An electronic hand-held weather recording device used, for instance, by car racing teams, sailors, farmers, outdoor and weather enthusiasts.  4, fiche 18, Anglais, - hand%20held%20weather%20station

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... hand held weather stations take about every weather factor into consideration. ... Very sophisticated ones not only measure weather conditions every second but make E.T. or throttle stop predictions every 4 seconds. A sophisticated drag racing weather station will allow you to store data on as many as 256 previous runs and performs an analysis to give you a prediction based on the weather conditions instantly. It can keep and use separate databases for separate vehicles, tracks, or classes. Some of the really sophisticated stations have a prediction deviation function [which] gives a reliability value of the prediction. It gives you a margin of error based on the information in the database that you chose. Within the last few years, windmeters have been added to the weather station box of tricks.  1, fiche 18, Anglais, - hand%20held%20weather%20station

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The Kestrel line of wind meters or anemometers... in less than 60 seconds, provide the answer to the major spraying season question that haunts producers each morning :"How windy is it?" The Kestrel 1000... gives a fast answer to wind speed average and gusts.... the model 2000 will add temperature and for those really cold days on the sprayer, add wind chill to that list. The 3000 adds humidity, dew point and heat stress index.... But for an all out weather station you can hold in the palm of your hand, the Kestrel 4000 provides all of this, in addition to wet bulb, altitude, air density and barometric pressure. Most importantly, 250 of these readings can be recorded in the device's memory and later transferred to the farm computer.... Michael Naughton of Nielsen Keller-man said the company released the 1000 in 1999 with the intention of it being a tool for sailors and outdoor sports and weather enthusiasts. "Farmers are turning out to be a really big part of our business. The 4000 is really popular with them. We were surprised by the demand for little hand-held weather stations, "he said.  2, fiche 18, Anglais, - hand%20held%20weather%20station

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Not to be confused with "manual (weather) station."  4, fiche 18, Anglais, - hand%20held%20weather%20station

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Station portative EB312. Petite station météo portative 3 fonctions : prévisions météo par icônes, température ambiante et horloge-calendrier. Idéal pour les activités de plein air : un appareil commode et peu encombrant à mettre dans toutes les poches.  3, fiche 18, Français, - station%20m%C3%A9t%C3%A9orologique%20portative

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Station météorologique portative. [...] un instrument destiné à faciliter les observations météorologiques dans les excursions de plus en plus fréquentes qu'exécutent les touristes [...] Cet instrument est composé de façon à pouvoir déterminer exactement, en tous lieux, d'une manière commode et prompte, les trois données météorologiques les plus importantes de l'air, savoir : sa pression, sa température et son degré d'humidité. C'est le groupement d'un baromètre, d'un thermomètre, d'un hygromètre et d'une boussole. L'agencement de ces appareils constitue un instrument d'un volume restreint, renfermé dans un étui unique [...]. la Nature, 1874, deuxième semestre, p. 112.  1, fiche 18, Français, - station%20m%C3%A9t%C3%A9orologique%20portative

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Ne pas confondre avec «station (météo) manuelle».  6, fiche 18, Français, - station%20m%C3%A9t%C3%A9orologique%20portative

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Given the assumption that financial soundness is desirable, a methodology of measuring it is proposed through modifying the approach used by credit-rating agencies of the bond market. The approach develops a profile and overall index of financial soundness, using accepted ratios relating to financial soundness. The separate aspects measured are : 1. the ability to attract capital, 2. the ability to weather a period of interrupted capital availability through sufficient liquid reserves, 3. the flexibility to select alternative types and sources of income, and 4. the control over cash flow.  3, fiche 19, Anglais, - financial%20soundness

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the financial health of a bank’s borrowers.  4, fiche 19, Anglais, - financial%20soundness

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Dans le cas des pays industrialisés, cette section présente une brève analyse des conditions économiques qui influent sur la santé financière actuelle et future des entreprises de chaque pays.  3, fiche 19, Français, - solidit%C3%A9%20financi%C3%A8re

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Pero las medidas de este tipo difícilmente se pueden aplicar sin información contable y de auditoría razonablemente fiable sobre la salud financiera de los prestatarios de un banco, y un número suficiente de supervisores dotados no solamente de la competencia necesaria para realizar su labor, sino también de independencia política suficiente para realizarla en forma imparcial.  1, fiche 19, Espagnol, - salud%20financiera

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la salud financiera de los prestatarios de un banco.  1, fiche 19, Espagnol, - salud%20financiera

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Stability index to determine the occurrence of severe weather...  2, fiche 20, Anglais, - lifted%20index

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Lifted index ... is defined by LI = T₅ - LT_s (°C), where T₅ is the dry-bulb temperature at 500 hPa and LT_s, the temperature of a surface parcel lifted adiabatically to 500 hPa. Stable conditions are indicated by LI > 3, very unstable conditions by LI < -2.  2, fiche 20, Anglais, - lifted%20index

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Indice de stabilité pour déterminer l'occurrence de temps violent [...]  2, fiche 20, Français, - indice%20de%20soul%C3%A8vement

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[L']indice de soulèvement [...] est défini par LI = T₅ - LT_s (°C), où T₅ est la température du thermomètre sec à 500 hPa et LT_s, la température d'une particule en surface soulevée adiabatiquement à 500 hPa. Les conditions stables sont indiquées par LI > 3, et les conditions très instables par LI < -2.  2, fiche 20, Français, - indice%20de%20soul%C3%A8vement

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Indice de estabilidad para determinar la aparición de mal tiempo [...]  1, fiche 20, Espagnol, - %C3%ADndice%20de%20elevaci%C3%B3n

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Indice de elevación [...] se define por: LI = T₅ - LT_s (C°), en donde T₅ es la temperatura de bulbo seco a 500 hPa y LT_s es la temperatura de una partícula superficial elevada adiabáticamente a 500 hPa. Las condiciones estables están indicadas por LI > 3 y las muy inestables por LI < -2.  1, fiche 20, Espagnol, - %C3%ADndice%20de%20elevaci%C3%B3n

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Convective index used for forecasting severe weather and defined by TT=VT + CT(°C), VT=T₈-T₅, and CT=T_d8-T₅, where VT is the vertical totals(index) ;CT, the cross totals(index) ;T₈ and T_d8, the temperature and dew point at 850 hPa; and T₅, the temperature at 500 hPa. VT is a measure of the environmental lapse rate and CT is an indication of the low-level moisture and the moisture lapse rate.  4, fiche 21, Anglais, - total%20totals%20index

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Moderate and scattered thunderstorms will occur with an index value of 46 and families of tornadoes may occur at 56.  4, fiche 21, Anglais, - total%20totals%20index

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Indice de convection utilisé pour prévoir un temps violent et défini par TT = VT + CT (°C), VT = T₈-T₅, et CT = T_d8-T₅, où VT est l'indice total vertical; CT, l'indice total transversal; T₈ et T_d8, la température et le point de rosée à 850 hPa; et T₅, la température à 500 hPa. VT est une mesure du gradient thermique du milieu ambiant et CT indique l'humidité des niveaux inférieurs et le gradient d'humidité.  1, fiche 21, Français, - indice%20total%2Dtotal

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Des orages modérés et dispersés se produisent avec un indice de 46 et des familles de tornades sont possibles à 56.  1, fiche 21, Français, - indice%20total%2Dtotal

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Índice convectivo utilizado para predecir el mal tiempo y definido por TT = VT + CT (°C), VT = T₈ - T₅ y CT = T_d8 - T₅, en donde VT es el índice total vertical, CT es el índice total transverso; T₈ and T_d8 son la temperatura y el punto de rocío a 850 hPa; y T₅ es la temperatura a 500 hPa. VT mide el gradiente térmico del medio ambiente; CT mide la humedad en un nivel bajo y el gradiente de humedad.  1, fiche 21, Espagnol, - %C3%ADndice%20total%20de%20totales

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Las tormentas moderadas y dispersas se producirán con un índice de 46 y las familias de tornados con 56.  1, fiche 21, Espagnol, - %C3%ADndice%20total%20de%20totales

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Space on either side of the masthead(name of the publication), or on the front page of a section, which can be sold for advertising. Sometimes used for weather, news, index or circulation figures.  1, fiche 22, Anglais, - earlug

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Petite case située à droite ou à gauche en haut de la page frontispice d'une section de journal.  1, fiche 22, Français, - oreillette

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