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Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The phenomenology of subsyndromal SAD(the winter blues) is similar to that of SAD [seasonal affective disorder], except that patients do not meet criteria for major depression...  3, fiche 1, Anglais, - subsyndromal%20seasonal%20affective%20disorder

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Français

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La déprime saisonnière – souvent appelée blues de l'hiver – est donc une forme atténuée de la dépression saisonnière.  2, fiche 1, Français, - trouble%20affectif%20saisonnier%20subsyndromique

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Espagnol

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Este cuestionario fue utilizado, por primera vez, por Kasper y cols. (7), quienes describieron una modalidad menos grave, pero más frecuente, del trastorno afectivo estacional denominado trastorno afectivo estacional subsindrómico.  1, fiche 1, Espagnol, - trastorno%20afectivo%20estacional%20subsindr%C3%B3mico

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Anglais

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A cyclically recurring mood disorder characterized by depression, extreme lethargy, increased need for sleep, hyperphagia, and carbohydrate craving [that] intensifies in one or more specific seasons, most commonly in the winter months...  6, fiche 2, Anglais, - seasonal%20affective%20disorder

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[It] is hypothesized to be related to melatonin levels.  6, fiche 2, Anglais, - seasonal%20affective%20disorder

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Français

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Dépression saisonnière. Le critère nécessaire et suffisant au diagnostic est une périodicité fixe de récurrences et de rémissions spontanées d'épisodes dépressifs.  4, fiche 2, Français, - trouble%20affectif%20saisonnier

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Espagnol

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El trastorno depresivo estacional es un tipo de depresión que aparece característicamente en la misma época del año, generalmente otoño o invierno.  1, fiche 2, Espagnol, - trastorno%20depresivo%20estacional

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Changes in seasonal precipitation are varied through B. C. For example, precipitation has increased by 23 percent per century in the spring in the Georgia Depression ecoprovince, however no other seasonal precipitation trends were detected for that region. In the Taiga Plains and the Northern Boreal Mountains ecoprovinces, the trends indicate an increase in precipitation in the winter, summer and fall, but not in the spring.  2, fiche 3, Anglais, - seasonal%20precipitation

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Français

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Le contraste des précipitations saisonnières entre régions sèches et humides devrait augmenter dans la majeure partie du globe au cours du XXIe siècle, de même que le contraste entre les saisons sèches et humides.  2, fiche 3, Français, - pr%C3%A9cipitation%20saisonni%C3%A8re

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Anglais

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A moderate to gale-force southeasterly wind in the Persian Gulf.  2, fiche 4, Anglais, - kaus

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It is accompanied by gloomy weather, rain, and squalls. The kaus is most frequent between December and April. It is associated with the passage of a winter depression, and is often followed by a strong southwesterly wind, the suahili.  2, fiche 4, Anglais, - kaus

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Français

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Vent du sud-est de modéré à fort dans le golfe Persique.  1, fiche 4, Français, - kaus

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Anglais

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A cold, very squally wind, descending from the east or southeast in the region of the Danube "Iron Gate" through the Carpathians, continuing westward over Belgrade, thence spreading northward to the Rumanian and Hungarian borderlands and southward as far as Nish.  2, fiche 5, Anglais, - kossava

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In winter it brings temperatures down to below-29°C and it is cool even in summer, when it is also dusty. It usually occurs with a depression over the Adriatic and high pressure over southern Russia, a frequent situation in winter. It is usually explained as a jet-effect wind through the Iron Gate, giving speeds well above the gradient wind, but J. Küttner(1940) regards it rather as a katabatic wind intermediate between foehn and bora. The kossava has a marked diurnal variation, with its maximum occurring between 5 a. m. and 10 a. m.  2, fiche 5, Anglais, - kossava

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Français

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Vent froid, irrégulier descendant de l'est et du sud-est dans la région de la «Porte de fer» du Danube vers les Carpathes et continuant vers l'ouest sur Belgrade, les frontières roumaines et hongroises, puis vers le sud jusqu'à Nish.  1, fiche 5, Français, - kossava

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Anglais

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... Languedoc-Roussillon [southern France] has two main winds; the Vent Marin which blows in from the sea giving mild but sometimes cloudy weather, and the Tramontane which blows from the North West and is a cooler wind but which brings bright blue skies and sunshine.  4, fiche 6, Anglais, - tramontane

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... the name is also applied to an invasion of polar air from the northwest, which is squally or tempestuous, dry and cold except south of the Cevennes where it becomes foehn-like. This type occurs during the filling of a depression in the golf of Genoa and persists for eight to twelve days, mainly in winter and early spring; it rises to a peak at midday and weakens at night.  5, fiche 6, Anglais, - tramontane

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On the Côte d’Azur and in eastern Provence, the tramontane is sometimes called the montagnère or montagneuse.  5, fiche 6, Anglais, - tramontane

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Français

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Vent froid et turbulent soufflant du secteur nord-ouest dans le Bas-Languedoc et le Roussillon.  2, fiche 6, Français, - tramontane

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tramontane : [...] vent [...] qui souffle à l'ouest du méridien de Sète. C'est un vent [...] roussillonnais, froid et sec. Sa violence est maximale au milieu du jour [surtout en hiver et] peut durer plusieurs jours.  3, fiche 6, Français, - tramontane

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Il [vent] est dû à l'accélération que subit un flux initial de nord à nord-ouest au niveau du seuil du Lauragais et est associé à un aspect du champ de pression un peu analogue à celui qui accompagne le mistral dont il est fréquemment concomitant. La tramontane succède souvent au passage d'un front froid pénétrant en méditerranée, le ciel est alors dégagé.  2, fiche 6, Français, - tramontane

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Sur la côte d'Azur et en Provence, la tramontane est quelquefois appelée montagnère ou montagneuse.  4, fiche 6, Français, - tramontane

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Low pressure or depression. Usually associated with disturbed weather--strong winds and rain belts, with perhaps snow in winter. Winds blow anticlockwise around a depression in the northern hemisphere.  2, fiche 7, Anglais, - disturbed%20type%20of%20weather

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Français

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Le type de temps perturbé correspond à un champ de pression dépressionnaire à fort gradient horizontal associé à un flux généralement rapide, à composante dominante de secteur ouest. Les épisodes pluvieux séparés par des séquences d'éclaircies et d'averses sont souvent accompagnés de vents forts et irréguliers.  2, fiche 7, Français, - type%20de%20temps%20perturb%C3%A9

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[...] le secteur des vents secondaires concerne le type de temps perturbé «Est» à «Sud-Est», il se situe entre les azimuts 100° et 160°.  3, fiche 7, Français, - type%20de%20temps%20perturb%C3%A9

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Depression in monsoon regions which is situated over the continent in summer and over the ocean in winter.  3, fiche 8, Anglais, - monsoon%20low

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Français

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Dépression des régions affectées par la mousson, située sur le continent en été et sur l'océan en hiver.  2, fiche 8, Français, - d%C3%A9pression%20de%20mousson

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Espagnol

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Depresión situada sobre el continente en el verano y sobre el océano en invierno en las regiones monzónicas.  1, fiche 8, Espagnol, - baja%20del%20monz%C3%B3n

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The pigment found by the UNC team is called cryptochrome and absorbs blue light. Sancar said there is evidence from the studies that the pigment is in the skin and brain as well as the eye. Understanding cryptochrome's connection to the body's internal clock could change how doctors treat certain illnesses. Sleep irregularities as temporary as jet lag and as serious as insomnia could eventually be addressed with a better understanding of the circadian rhythm. Sancar said a major benefit of the research could be new treatments for people who suffer from seasonal affective disorder(SAD), a major depression that comes on with the shorter days of fall and winter.  1, fiche 9, Anglais, - chryptochrome

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The UNC researchers found that cryptochrome runs on vitamin B-2, hich could mean that SAD sufferers could be treated with a vitamin regimen or perhaps with gene therapy.  1, fiche 9, Anglais, - chryptochrome

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Français

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L'Équipe de Haziz Sancar de l'Université de Caroline du Nord vient en effet de montrer que l'absence du gène de la forme prédominante du cryptochrome dans la rétine de la souris (CRY2) perturbe l'expression de PER (pour period), une protéine de l'horloge interne.  2, fiche 9, Français, - cryptochrome

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Pigment sensible à la lumière bleue impliqué dans la modulation de l'horloge interne chez Arabidopsis thaliana.  1, fiche 9, Français, - cryptochrome

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Small, shallow depression which forms mainly in winter over some high-latitude seas within a polar or arctic air mass.  5, fiche 10, Anglais, - polar%20low

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When arctic-origin air in winter flows southward(northward in the southern hemisphere) across(relatively) warmer seas, strong surface heating acts both to enhance the degree of instability, and trigger vigorous moist convective towers. This is sufficient alone to give rise to heavy, wintry showers/cumulonimbus clusters etc., but often marked troughing, or even a closed circulation in the isobaric flow is found; the resultant low-level convergence/positive vorticity enhancement, plus the localised concentration of the latent heat energy released, enhances development within the system, and an intense(but synoptically small) area of rain, hail, sleet or snow & squally winds can result-a polar low(or polar depression or polar meso-cyclone in some texts).  2, fiche 10, Anglais, - polar%20low

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What is a polar low? Part of a diverse group of mesoscale weather systems (polar meso-cyclones). ... [There is] three types of polar meso-cyclones: -jet streak type, -arctic front type, -cold low type.  6, fiche 10, Anglais, - polar%20low

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Polar mesocyclones: a term now used to encompass the whole ’family’ of disturbances resulting from arctic air flowing equatorward over progressively warmer seas; the term ’polar low’ is now often used only for ’extreme’ systems where gale or near gale-force winds are observed.  7, fiche 10, Anglais, - polar%20low

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Its motion is approximately the same as the air stream in which it is embedded.  5, fiche 10, Anglais, - polar%20low

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Français

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Petite dépression peu profonde qui se forme principalement en hiver dans une masse d'air polaire ou arctique située sur certaines mers des hautes latitudes.  1, fiche 10, Français, - d%C3%A9pression%20polaire

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Son mouvement est approximativement le même que celui du courant atmosphérique dans lequel elle se situe.  1, fiche 10, Français, - d%C3%A9pression%20polaire

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Espagnol

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Depresión pequeña y poco profunda que se forma dentro de una masa de aire polar o ártico, especialmente en invierno, sobre los mares polares.  1, fiche 10, Espagnol, - baja%20polar

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Se mueve siguiendo, aproximadamente, la dirección de la corriente de aire en que está inserta.  1, fiche 10, Espagnol, - baja%20polar