TERMIUM Plus^®

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The analytical electron microscope(AEM) is based on a conventional 200 keV transmission electron microscope(TEM) which has been augmented to include the functions of a scanning transmission electron microscope(STEM) and the scanning electron microscope(SEM). Since the electrons must penetrate through the specimen, the specimen dimensions must be no greater than 1 micrometer thick, and preferably in the range of 100 nm. Bulk specimens may be thinned to this range by a combination of mechanical, chemical, and ion sputtering techniques, all of which are available in the microanalysis laboratory. As an imaging tool, the AEM is capable of 0. 3 nm spatial resolution in the TEM mode, 1 nm resolution in the STEM mode, and 3 nm resolution in the SEM mode. Elemental microanalysis is carried out by means of energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry(EDS) and electron energy loss spectrometry(EELS), which together provide sensitivity to all elements with atomic number > 2. Quantitative analysis is carried out by means of a relative sensitivity factor method based on glass, mineral, and metal alloy standards.  2, fiche 1, Anglais, - analytical%20electron%20microscope

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Français

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Le Centre [London Centre for Nanotechnology (ou LCN]), abritera 200 m² de salles blanches ainsi qu'une gamme complète d'outils de caractérisation à l'échelle nanométrique. Un de ces outils sera un puissant microscope électronique analytique (ou AEM pour «Analytical Electron Microscope») d'une résolution de 1,4. Selon «Imperial College», il n'existe que trois microscopes de ce type au monde (Europe et Etats-Unis). Ses capacités d'analyse des matériaux donneront des informations sur la composition locale, les liaisons et l'état électronique des atomes. Les chercheurs du LCN espèrent que cet outil leur permettra de pénétrer les relations complexes qui existent entre l'arrangement atomique d'un matériau et les propriétés et les performances d'un dispositif fabriqué à partir de celui-ci. Les projets de recherche menés grâce à ce microscope concerneront les piles à combustible, les nanostructures magnétiques, les revêtements intelligents, les points quantiques semiconducteurs et la recherche biomédicale.  2, fiche 1, Français, - microscope%20%C3%A9lectronique%20analytique

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Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Anglais

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... Filter Debris Analysis... Evaluation of filter debris as a diagnostic tool to monitor the condition of fluid systems has gained prominence over the last decade, and techniques such as scanning electron microscope coupled with X-ray emission spectroscopy(SEM/EDX), and X-ray fluorescence(XRF) spectroscopy have been employed to determine the chemical composition of engine lube filter debris, necessary for diagnosis of potential lube system component wear modes, and even some modes of fluid degradation.... The analysis of the chemical composition of filter debris is accomplished via X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, utilizing the contaminant analyzer, currently in the Beta prototype testing stage.  1, fiche 2, Anglais, - filter%20debris%20analysis

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The EDXRF Filter Debris Analysis (FDA) method provided 100 or more operating hours of advanced warning of engine failure.  3, fiche 2, Anglais, - filter%20debris%20analysis

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[...] les laboratoires [...] doivent disposer de compétences scientifiques et techniques variées; notamment en métallurgie, en soudage, en chimie analytique (organique et inorganique), en analyse des débris de filtres, en technologie de contrôle de la fatigue et des ruptures [...]  1, fiche 2, Français, - analyse%20des%20d%C3%A9bris%20de%20filtres

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Analyse des débris dans les filtres à l'huile.  2, fiche 2, Français, - analyse%20des%20d%C3%A9bris%20de%20filtres

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Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Anglais

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When folded up, the Beagle 2 lander resembles a very large pocket watch.... As soon as it comes to a halt on the Martian surface, however, Beagle 2's outer casing will open to reveal the inner workings. First, solar panels will unfold... [They] will power the lander and its experiments throughout the mission. Next, a robotic arm will spring to life. Attached to the end of the arm will be Beagle's Payload Adjustable Workbench(PAW) where most of the experiments are situated. These include a pair of stereo cameras, a microscope, two types of spectrometer(Mössbauer and X-ray) and a torch to illuminate surfaces. The PAW also houses the corer/grinder and ’the mole’, two instruments for collecting rock and soil samples for analysis.  3, fiche 3, Anglais, - Beagle%202

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Beagle 2 aujourd'hui. Une soucoupe ronde et plate qui contient, empilés les uns sur les autres dans son couvercle, une série de panneaux solaires en forme de disque. Tout en améliorant les chances de survie à l'atterrissage, ce nouveau design a également permis une stérilisation plus aisée de la sonde. La section inférieure droite est occupée par le bras robotique et le porte instrument (PAW).  4, fiche 3, Français, - Beagle%202

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Le nom Beagle 2 fait référence à celui du bateau qui emmena Charles Darwin aux îles Galapagos.  5, fiche 3, Français, - Beagle%202

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Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Anglais

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... the first images were made by shining X rays through a specimen placed in contact with ordinary photographic film. The X rays that passed through the specimen exposed the film, and the resulting image could then be examined with a light microscope. This form of X-ray microscopy, known as contact microradiography, is still in use today.  2, fiche 4, Anglais, - contact%20microradiography

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Las primeras imagenes se realizaron [...] mediante la proyección de rayos X a través de un espécimen puesto en contacto con una película fotografía ordinaria. Los rayos X que atravesaban el espécimen impresionaban la película; la imagen resultante podía examinarse con un microscopio óptico. Esta forma de microscopía de rayos X, conocida como microradiografía de contacto, se sigue empleando todavía hoy en día.  1, fiche 4, Espagnol, - microradiograf%C3%ADa%20de%20contacto

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Exsolution texture visible to the unaided eye is called macroperthite and that visible only by means of the optical microscope is called microperthite. Moonstone is a variety of cryptoperthite detectable only by X-ray diffraction or by electron microscopy.  1, fiche 5, Anglais, - macroperthite

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