TERMIUM Plus^®

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Analysis of Molecular Variance(AMOVA) is a method for studying molecular variation within a species. Electrophoresis, one of the most widely used methods for studying the structure of DNA, produces data of the form of 0s and 1s where 1 denotes the presence of a band and zero its absence, e. g. Sample Band A 0101... B 1000... C 0110... AMOVA works on such data to create a distance matrix between samples in order to measure the genetic structure of a population. In statistical terms, AMOVA is a testing procedure based on permutational analysis and involves few assumptions.  3, fiche 1, Anglais, - analysis%20of%20molecular%20variance

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Français

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L'analyse de la variance moléculaire et une analyse des groupements par la méthode des mesures pairées non pondérées ont servi à examiner la structure de la population et à fractionner la variance génétique.  1, fiche 1, Français, - analyse%20de%20la%20variance%20mol%C3%A9culaire

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Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The degree or extent to which an individual or a population has two different alleles at corresponding loci for a specific gene.  4, fiche 2, Anglais, - heterozygosity

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A measure of genetic variation(in contrast to its description in terms of allele frequencies) is the amount of heterozygosity for a gene in a population, which is given by the total frequency of heterozygotes for the gene. If one allele has a very high frequency and all others have frequencies near zero, then there is very little heterozygosity because most individuals are homozygous for the common allele.  1, fiche 2, Anglais, - heterozygosity

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In formula, heterozygosity is usually represented by the letter "H".  4, fiche 2, Anglais, - heterozygosity

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genetic heterozygosity: Although this term is largely used, it is a pleonasm, since heterozygosity relates to the genes.  4, fiche 2, Anglais, - heterozygosity

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Français

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Proportion qui exprime le taux d'allèles différents pour un gène donné, chez un individu ou pour un ensemble d'individus (population).  3, fiche 2, Français, - h%C3%A9t%C3%A9rozygotie

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Nous présentons les premières données concernant l'estimation de l'hétérozygotie de la population française de vison d'Europe.  1, fiche 2, Français, - h%C3%A9t%C3%A9rozygotie

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Dans les formules, l'hétérozygotie est généralement exprimée par la lettre «H».  3, fiche 2, Français, - h%C3%A9t%C3%A9rozygotie

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hétérozygotie génétique : Ce syntagme est un pléonasme.  3, fiche 2, Français, - h%C3%A9t%C3%A9rozygotie

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Espagnol

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La heterocigosidad es simplemente la proporción de la población que es heterocigótica.  2, fiche 2, Espagnol, - promedio%20de%20heterocigosidad

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Actualmente no hay una teoría matemática completa que prediga con precisión los ritmos de evolución y los niveles de heterocigosidad en las poblaciones naturales.  2, fiche 2, Espagnol, - promedio%20de%20heterocigosidad

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Cow evaluations for milk and fat yield are expressed in breed-class average units(BCA) as estimated transmitting ability(ETA) or one-half the additive genetic value of the cow. A majority(about 59%) of the cow indexes are negative which is a consequence of typing the cow indexes across herds through common usage of AI sires. The genetic base used for expression of sire evaluation is such that the average proof of multi-herd use(five or more) sires is zero for bulls whose first daughter freshened within the past five years. As there is a time lag for dissemination of their genetics into the cow population, the average cow index will therefore be less than zero if genetic progress is being made.  1, fiche 3, Anglais, - additive%20genetic%20value

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Français

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Somme des effets additifs des gènes qui composent le génotype d'un individu pour un caractère donné. La valeur génétique d'un reproducteur, en sélection animale, correspond au double de la supériorité génétique moyenne qu'il transmet à ses descendants.  1, fiche 3, Français, - valeur%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9tique%20additive

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Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Anglais

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In order to make the plan workable it was necessary to change the civil defence area organization. Instead of three defensive areas, there were now four : Target Areas... Target Support Areas-These included the area lying immediately beyond 25 miles of probable ground zero. The resident population of this area would not evacuate, and it would receive the components of the Target Area Civil Defence forces who would evacuate. Phase ’C'operations would be conducted by civil defence forces in the communities of the Target Support Area. Reception Areas... Standfast Areas...  1, fiche 4, Anglais, - target%20support%20area

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Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The inbreeding coefficient (F) is the probability that two alleles at any locus are identical and descended from a common ancestor.  2, fiche 5, Anglais, - inbreeding%20coefficient

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Since the inbreeding coefficient is a probability, it can assume only the values within the range of zero to 1. 0. Inbreeding coefficients express the amount of inbreeding that has accumulated starting from a specific point in the ancestry of the population....  2, fiche 5, Anglais, - inbreeding%20coefficient

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Français

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Probabilité pour que deux gènes reçus par un individu en un même locus soient la réplique d'un même gène ayant appartenu à l'un des ancêtres communs au père et à la mère.  2, fiche 5, Français, - coefficient%20de%20consanguinit%C3%A9

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Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Situation in which there is a balance between birth and death rates. In this case greater productivity produces direct benefits in the form of higher per capita income.  1, fiche 6, Anglais, - zero%20population%20growth

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zero population growth : term and definition reproduced from the CAPITAL Business Dictionary with the permission of LID Editorial Empresarial.  2, fiche 6, Anglais, - zero%20population%20growth

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Français

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Situation où il existe un équilibre entre les taux de natalité et de mortalité. Dans ce cas précis, une productivité supérieure entraîne nécessairement des revenus par habitant plus élevés.  3, fiche 6, Français, - taux%20de%20croissance%20nulle

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croissance zéro de la population : terme et définition extraits du CAPITAL Business Dictionary et reproduits avec l'autorisation de LID Editorial Empresarial.  4, fiche 6, Français, - taux%20de%20croissance%20nulle

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Espagnol

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Situación en la que existe un equilibrio entre natalidad y mortalidad. En este caso una mayor productividad redunda directamente en unos mayores ingresos per cápita.  1, fiche 6, Espagnol, - crecimiento%20cero%20de%20la%20poblaci%C3%B3n

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crecimiento cero de la población: término y definición extraídos del CAPITAL Business Dictionary con la autorización de LID Editorial Empresarial.  2, fiche 6, Espagnol, - crecimiento%20cero%20de%20la%20poblaci%C3%B3n

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Alleviate animal suffering through direct emergency aid and pet adoption program; promote "zero pet population" growth, humane education, importance of wildlife conservation, and protection of endangered species  1, fiche 7, Anglais, - Actors%20and%20Others%20for%20Animals

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