TERMIUM Plus^®

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Indigenous fire stewardship, synonymous with Indigenous fire management, spans thousands of years by many cultures across the world. Over millennia, through changing climatic conditions among many different ecosystems, Indigenous [Peoples] have used fire out of necessity to survive, adapt to local environmental conditions, promote desired habitats and species, and to increase the abundance of favored resources and landscape conditions.  2, fiche 1, Anglais, - Indigenous%20fire%20stewardship

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Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Anglais

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... a deep-sea drop camera that gathers and stores high definition still photographs and environmental data from depths of 300 to 2500 m. The camera system is used primarily to collect quantitative data on the distribution and abundance patterns of mid-water and benthic organisms... environmental conditions at or near the seafloor... substrate type... and positional data...  2, fiche 2, Anglais, - deep%2Dsea%20drop%20camera

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Changes in species richness and its scaling relationship across an anthropogenic gradient can be influenced by changes in the total number of individuals in each sample, the species abundance distribution, and/or the spatial arrangement of conspecific individuals.  2, fiche 3, Anglais, - anthropogenic%20gradient

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[Anthropogenic] gradients are helpful in inferring the mechanisms responsible for natural dynamics, because covarying factors are often more clearly understood in anthropogenic gradients than in natural gradients.  3, fiche 3, Anglais, - anthropogenic%20gradient

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La richesse spécifique de la flore a été décroissante le long du gradient pluviométrique et du gradient anthropique.  1, fiche 3, Français, - gradient%20anthropique

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Having an abundance of goods or riches...  2, fiche 4, Anglais, - affluent

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Most people would agree that it is preferable to grow up in a wealthy family than in one that is impoverished[; however], adolescents who live in affluent families are in danger of developing a sense of entitlement that may impede future vocational and social success.  3, fiche 4, Anglais, - affluent

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Qui possède des biens, des richesses.  1, fiche 4, Français, - fortun%C3%A9

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famille fortunée  1, fiche 4, Français, - fortun%C3%A9

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... the calibration abundance matrix is restricted to [a] few ages, 3 to 6[, of the fish stock]. Possibilities for improvement in the abundance index estimation are [the] greater use of index gillnetters and the effort and catch estimates made... by the program...  1, fiche 5, Anglais, - calibration%20abundance%20matrix

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[...] la matrice de calibration d'abondance est restreinte à quelques âges seulement (3 à 6 ans) [du stock de poisson]. Les possibilités d'améliorer l'estimation de l'indice d'abondance résident dans une plus grande utilisation de pêcheurs repères et des estimations d'effort et de capture faites par le programme [...]  1, fiche 5, Français, - matrice%20de%20calibration%20d%27abondance

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Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Français

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Les estimations extrapolées de l'abondance selon la longueur de tous les aiguillats communs (mâles et femelles) capturés dans le cadre des relevés synoptiques menés dans le détroit d'Hécate [...], sur la côte ouest de l'île de Vancouver [...] et dans le bassin de la Reine-Charlotte [...] sont présentées [...] La longueur moyenne se situe à 70 cm, 69 cm et 68 cm respectivement [...]  2, fiche 6, Français, - abondance%20par%20longueur

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Espagnol

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Información exacta sobre la biología reproductora del atún aleta amarilla, junto con estimaciones de abundancia por longitud o edad, debería posibilitar la evaluación del efecto de la pesca sobre el poten cial reproductor de la población y contribuir a la comprensión del vínculo entre desove y reclutamiento.  1, fiche 6, Espagnol, - abundancia%20por%20longitud

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The importance of oceans and the life within them is often understated. Oceans make up 71% of the Earth's surface, and produce 50-80% of the oxygen in the atmosphere... A majority of this oxygen is produced by microscopic free-floating plants, also known as phytoplankton, which account for the majority of bottom trophic level production in most marine ecosystems. A large number of marine food webs are under "bottom-up" control, in which the quantity of primary production controls the abundance of individuals within trophic levels and their biomass. The Arctic marine ecosystem is thought to be under bottom-up control, where primary production is largely limited by advective nutrient supply from adjacent oceans...  2, fiche 7, Anglais, - lower%20trophic%20level%20production

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Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Nighttime surveys on concentrations of prespawning herring [produces] real-time estimates of total fish abundance using computer interfaced echosouding equipment. [A] mid-water rope trawl [was] used(10 m tall X 15 m wide opening; 1 cm codend mesh). Analyses of trawl biological samples provide stock indices such as age composition, survival rates, and recruitment.  2, fiche 8, Anglais, - midwater%20rope%20trawl

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Les pêches d'identification ont été réalisées au moyen d'un chalut pélagique à corde dont l'ouverture verticale peut atteindre 16 mètres. Parallèlement au pistage acoustique, un échantillonnage continu des œufs et des larves a été effectué [...] Aussi, des mesures des paramètres de l'eau de mer, essentiellement la température et la salinité, ont été réalisées [...] afin de caractériser les aires de pêche, de ponte et de répartition spatiale.  1, fiche 8, Français, - chalut%20p%C3%A9lagique%20%C3%A0%20corde

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One area of ecological benefit not yet fully evaluated... is the utilisation of restored saltmarsh habitats by fish species.... Factors affecting habitat of managed realignments and fish populations [were studied. ] Each microhabitat was [examined] as a function of the extent of fish colonisation. A positive relationship between the degree of fish utilisation and habitat heterogeneity was ascertained using species richness, abundance and behavioural observations.  2, fiche 9, Anglais, - fish%20utilization

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The project aims to procure a towed vehicle, carrying acoustic transducers, to observe target strengths and estimate fish abundance... The upper water layer of the ocean contains air bubbles, induced by wind and waves. These air bubbles attenuate the sound transmission and reception from a hull-mounted transducer... The thickness of the bubble layer may be 5-10 [metres], or more, depending on the sea state.  1, fiche 10, Anglais, - hullmounted%20transducer

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Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Past assessments of western Atlantic bluefin tuna... have reduced the number of parameters by assuming pre-specified values for the ratios of the fishing mortality rates on adjacent age groups. More recent bluefin tuna assessments have estimated terminal fishing mortality rates(F) on each age with a constraint that restricts change from one year to the next.... The use of pre-specified ratios for F created strong retrospective biases and may have led to overly optimistic projections. Constraining annual changes in the terminal-year F appeared to mute retrospective patterns and resulted in abundance projections less prone to spurious initial leaps.  1, fiche 11, Anglais, - terminal%2Dyear%20fishing%20mortality%20rate

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The annual mortality rate acting on a year class in the last year for which catch-at-age data is available. It is the value used to indicate a VPA [virtual population analysis] of cohort analysis.  4, fiche 11, Anglais, - terminal%2Dyear%20fishing%20mortality%20rate

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F: fishing mortality rate.  5, fiche 11, Anglais, - terminal%2Dyear%20fishing%20mortality%20rate

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Français

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Taux de mortalité d'une classe d'âge pendant la dernière année pour laquelle des données sur les prises en fonction de l'âge sont disponibles. Il s'agit de la valeur utilisée pour indiquer une APV [analyse de population virtuelle] d'une analyse de cohortes.  1, fiche 11, Français, - taux%20de%20mortalit%C3%A9%20par%20p%C3%AAche%20de%20derni%C3%A8re%20ann%C3%A9e

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F : taux de mortalité par pêche.  3, fiche 11, Français, - taux%20de%20mortalit%C3%A9%20par%20p%C3%AAche%20de%20derni%C3%A8re%20ann%C3%A9e

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... mobile hydroacoustic surveys coupled with the geostatistical probability mapping [provide] an objective, repeatable measure of the spatial extent of the [fish] aggregation. Estimates such as these are valuable when establishing boundaries for reserves or area closures during spawning seasons, and in estimating overall fish abundance...  2, fiche 12, Anglais, - mobile%20hydroacoustic%20sampling

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La répartition spatiale des [poissons] géniteurs dans la [rivière] Rupert a été déterminée au moyen d'un échantillonnage hydroacoustique mobile […] juste avant la fraie. La frayère […] a été divisée en trois secteurs d'inventaire […]  1, fiche 12, Français, - %C3%A9chantillonnage%20hydroacoustique%20mobile

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Top predator sampling method. Data of top predator distribution and abundance will be collected... Observations for seabirds will be undertaken using naked eyes and/or binoculars... Marine mammals will be identified and counted(during the day)... Sighting forms will be provided to record the environmental conditions, abundance estimation, mode of animal identification and behaviour at the time of sighting.  2, fiche 13, Anglais, - top%20predator%20sampling%20method

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Méthode d'échantillonnage des prédateurs supérieurs. Les données sur la répartition et l'abondance des principaux prédateurs seront recueillis [sur les] oiseaux marins en mer [...] Les observations d'oiseaux de mer seront effectuées à l'œil nu et/ou avec des jumelles [...] Les mammifères marins seront identifiés et comptés (pendant la journée) [...]. Des formulaires d'observation seront fournis pour enregistrer les conditions environnementales, l'estimation de l'abondance, le mode d'identification et le comportement des animaux au moment de l'observation.  1, fiche 13, Français, - m%C3%A9thode%20d%27%C3%A9chantillonnage%20des%20pr%C3%A9dateurs%20sup%C3%A9rieurs

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An annual abundance index is calculated by summing all the weighted catches of delta smelt from all the sampling regions.  1, fiche 14, Anglais, - annual%20abundance%20index

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El objetivo de la campaña acústica de juveniles de anchoa 'JUVENA 2006' es la estimación de abundancia de juveniles de anchoa en el Golfo de Vizcaya durante los meses de septiembre y octubre de este año, según explicó el Ministerio, que indicó que el objetivo último de la serie de campañas JUVENA es calcular un índice anual de abundancia de juveniles.  1, fiche 14, Espagnol, - %C3%ADndice%20anual%20de%20abundancia

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Traditional acoustic surveys to assess fish abundance can be limited by the surface blind zone and the seabed dead zone. The blind zone is the unobservable layer above the transducer and in its nearfield, and the dead zone is the layer closest to the seabed, where only a fraction of the backscatter from fish can be separated from that of the seabed... An acoustically estimated abundance is biased if fish are migrating in and out of the dead zone...  1, fiche 15, Anglais, - seabed%20dead%20zone

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Fiche 16,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Traditional acoustic surveys to assess fish abundance can be limited by the surface blind zone and the seabed dead zone. The blind zone is the unobservable layer above the transducer and in its nearfield, and the dead zone is the layer closest to the seabed, where only a fraction of the backscatter from fish can be separated from that of the seabed … fish in the blind zone often react to an approaching vessel...  1, fiche 16, Anglais, - surface%20blind%20zone

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... a new method that uses generalized linear mixed models to infer the depth distribution of pelagic fishes [was introduced]. It uses existing data from research surveys and observers on commercial vessels to estimate changes in catchability when longline fishing gear is lengthened to access deeper water.... the estimates of catchability can be used to correct abundance indices for variations in longline depth.  3, fiche 17, Anglais, - catchability%20estimate

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catchability estimate; estimate of catchability: designations usually used in the plural.  4, fiche 17, Anglais, - catchability%20estimate

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[...] une nouvelle méthode qui utilise des modèles linéaires généralisés mixtes pour estimer la répartition des poissons pélagiques en fonction de la profondeur [est présentée]. La méthode exploite les données existantes d'inventaires scientifiques et d'observations faites sur les navires commerciaux afin d'estimer les changements de capturabilité qui se produisent lorsqu'on allonge les palangres pour pêcher en eau plus profonde. [...] les estimations de capturabilité peuvent servir à corriger les indices d'abondance en fonction des variations de la profondeur des palangres.  1, fiche 17, Français, - estimation%20de%20capturabilit%C3%A9

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estimation de capturabilité : désignation habituellement utilisée au pluriel.  2, fiche 17, Français, - estimation%20de%20capturabilit%C3%A9

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[...] les expansions aérales du relevé d'abondance ont été calculées en utilisant le nombre d'unités chalutables dans le secteur du relevé et la prise moyenne selon l'âge par trait [...]  2, fiche 18, Français, - relev%C3%A9%20d%27abondance

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The aim of a demersal bottom trawl survey is to collect standardized fishery-independent data with a view to improving stock assessments. Demersal bottom trawl surveys should contribute to the characterization of fishery resources in a given area, in terms of population distribution(e. g., relative abundance indices) and demographic structure(e. g., length and sex distributions) as they collect data, including sex, maturity and weight, for the estimation of growth parameters of priority species.  2, fiche 19, Anglais, - demersal%20bottom%20trawl%20survey

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Content that is composed of different types of data, such as text, video and audio.  3, fiche 20, Anglais, - multimedia%20content

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Multimedia content is the horn of abundance of online content. It bonds writing with images, videos, audio and slideshows in a useful and engaging way.  4, fiche 20, Anglais, - multimedia%20content

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Contenu composé de différents types de données, comme du texte, des vidéos ou des sons.  2, fiche 20, Français, - contenu%20multim%C3%A9dia

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[The] new Bayesian model estimates the proportion of pups that are unavailable to the survey because they have moved out of the area. The new birth distribution model should be used to refit the complete time series of pup production in order to incorporate it in future assessments. This is the second assessment that has resulted in a significant downward revision in the previous estimate of grey seal abundance. These changes are due to a slowing in the rate of increase in pup production, using a different assessment model, and a new male : female sex ratio. The new model provides a significant downward revision in estimated juvenile survival and indicates that the dynamics of the grey seal population are changing relatively rapidly in a manner that is not well understood.  3, fiche 21, Anglais, - downward%20revision

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Atmospheric oxygen refers to the abundance of molecular oxygen... in the atmosphere, especially in the troposphere[, ] that allows life to flourish. Atmospheric oxygen is the most important need humans have, even more important than food.  1, fiche 22, Anglais, - atmospheric%20oxygen

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Index rivers are used for monitoring fish population abundance, assessing the status of fish stocks and providing scientific management advice.  2, fiche 23, Anglais, - index%20river

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Les données de base sur les populations de saumon [...] n'ont pas bien été établies, et il existe de nombreux stocks de saumon sur lesquels on ne connaît pas grand-chose. [Le] projet a identifié des rivières repères [...] qui serviront d'information de base et qui orienteront la recherche et les stratégies de conservation et de gestion à l'avenir. Plus tard, diverses rivières repères pourraient constituer la base de la gestion des stocks de saumon et de poissons anadromes [...] Les rivières repères se sont avérées particulièrement utiles pour faire le suivi sur l'abondance de stocks de saumon et des caractéristiques des populations dans [certaines] régions. Les parties étudieront [...] une autre stratégie de gestion des stocks de saumon fondée sur les résultats de cette étude.  2, fiche 23, Français, - rivi%C3%A8re%2Drep%C3%A8re

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size spectra : Discrete or continuous representations of the relationships that link either numerical abundance or biomass concentration to body size.  2, fiche 24, Anglais, - size%20spectrum

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A size spectrum comprises bacteria/microalgae, meiofauna, and macrofauna.  3, fiche 24, Anglais, - size%20spectrum

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size spectra: plural.  4, fiche 24, Anglais, - size%20spectrum

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Because of the well-known difficulties in setting up an effective commercial catch monitoring system for... fisheries(the multiplicity of species caught, fishing systems and landing points)..., research in the region has relied on trawl surveys to obtain standardised information on the distribution, abundance, and demography of demersal species...  1, fiche 25, Anglais, - commercial%20catch%20monitoring%20system

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Caterpillar phenology is studied in the four sites thanks to coprometers(i. e. 50 × 50 cm cloth squares collecting the frass of caterpillars under oak trees). The mass of frass collected during a given time period allows us to estimate the abundance of caterpillars throughout the season.  1, fiche 26, Anglais, - coprometer

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[A] numerical value used to demonstrate the trend in relative abundance over time.  3, fiche 27, Anglais, - abundance%20index

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Estimates of catch typically make up the bulk of the data that is applied to a stock assessment model. But most stock assessment models also require some kind of index of abundance. The index of abundance is a value that indicates the trend in relative abundance over time. Often[, ] an index of abundance is simply the number of fish caught during a survey. The index of abundance for a cod stock, for example, may be the average number of cod caught per tow from a research vessel. Each tow would be of a specified length, depth and speed using a standardized net, so that the index of abundance values could be compared over time.  3, fiche 27, Anglais, - abundance%20index

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The total number of fish, [crustaceans or molluscs] in a population or on a fishing ground [that can] be measured in absolute or relative terms [in a particular area, volume, or period].  2, fiche 28, Anglais, - abundance

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fish abundance  3, fiche 28, Anglais, - abundance

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Nombre de poissons, crustacés ou mollusques constituant une population et qui s'exprime en un effectif absolu ou par rapport à une unité de référence (surface, volume, temps).  2, fiche 28, Français, - abondance

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abondance de poissons  3, fiche 28, Français, - abondance

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Número total de organismos hidrobiológicos en una población o en una zona de pesca, medido en términos absolutos o relativos.  1, fiche 28, Espagnol, - abundancia

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The duration of the spawning fishery on [the bank] was similar to previous years[, ] but there were gaps in daily landings from the spawning grounds due to the abundance of salps[, ] which restricted fishing operations.  2, fiche 29, Anglais, - spawning%20fishery

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A fishery targeted on [the] knowledge of [fishes’] spawning habits or grounds.  3, fiche 29, Anglais, - spawning%20fishery

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La durée de la pêche des reproducteurs sur le banc [...] était semblable à celle des années précédentes, mais on [a] constaté des écarts dans les prises journalières en raison de l'abondance de colonies de salpes [...] qui limitaient les activités de pêche.  1, fiche 29, Français, - p%C3%AAche%20des%20reproducteurs

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As a management goal, the static interpretation of MSY [maximum sustainable yield, i. e., a fixed catch that can be taken year after year] is generally not appropriate because it ignores the fact that fish populations undergo natural fluctuations... in abundance and will usually ultimately become severely depleted under a constant-catch strategy.... Thus, most fisheries scientists now interpret MSY in a more dynamic sense as the maximum average yield(MAY) [, ] obtained by applying a specific harvesting strategy to a fluctuating resource.  3, fiche 30, Anglais, - maximum%20average%20yield

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To assess lobster abundance and distribution in unexploited areas[, the department] intends to issue four new experimental fishing licences in [the area].  3, fiche 31, Anglais, - experimental%20fishing%20licence

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Dans le but d'évaluer l'abondance et la distribution du homard dans les secteurs non exploités[, le ministère] compte émettre [quatre] nouveaux permis de pêche expérimentale dans la zone [...]  1, fiche 31, Français, - permis%20de%20p%C3%AAche%20exp%C3%A9rimentale

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[A] cohort of fish that were spawned or hatched in a given year ...  3, fiche 32, Anglais, - year%2Dclass

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Given the estimated abundant recruitment of the 1996 year-class, the abundance of spring herring is expected to be near recent levels in 2001 if catches are near the target in 2000. This 1996 year-class(age 3 in 1999) will be fully available to the fishery in the year 2001.  4, fiche 32, Anglais, - year%2Dclass

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[Cohorte] des poissons pondus ou nés au cours d'une même année [...]  2, fiche 32, Français, - classe%20d%27%C3%A2ge

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Compte tenu du recrutement vraisemblablement abondant de la classe d'âge de 1996, l'abondance du hareng de printemps devrait être semblable aux niveaux récents en 2001 si les prises correspondent au niveau cible en 2000. La classe d'âge de 1996 (âge 3 en 1999) sera entièrement recrutée au sein de la population exploitable en 2001.  3, fiche 32, Français, - classe%20d%27%C3%A2ge

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classe d'âge : terme privilégié au ministère des Pêches et des Océans.  4, fiche 32, Français, - classe%20d%27%C3%A2ge

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The catch(in numbers) taken from a fish stock when it is in equilibrium with fishing of a given intensity, and(apart from the effects of environmental variation) its abundance is not changing from one year to the next.  2, fiche 33, Anglais, - equilibrium%20catch

Fiche 33,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Capture (en nombre) prélevée à même un stock de poissons en équilibre avec [une] pêche d'une intensité donnée et dont la biomasse (mis à part les effets de variation de l'environnement) ne varie pas d'une année à l'autre.  1, fiche 33, Français, - capture%20d%27%C3%A9quilibre

Fiche 33,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 34,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A graph of the progeny of a spawning at the time they reach a specified age(for example, the age at which half of the brood has become vulnerable to fishing), plotted against the abundance of the stock that produced them.  3, fiche 34, Anglais, - recruitment%20curve

Fiche 34,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Représentation graphique de la progéniture d'une fraie, au moment de l'atteinte d'un âge particulier (par exemple l'âge auquel la moitié de la progéniture est devenue vulnérable à la pêche), par rapport à l'abondance du stock qui l'a produite.  2, fiche 34, Français, - courbe%20de%20recrutement

Fiche 34,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 35,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

An acoustic survey is a method of gathering information on the abundance of a fish species using echo sounders. Sound is a form of energy which travels farther and faster underwater than in the air. So using the distance a sound travels and the record it makes when it bounces off of something underwater can tell a researcher a good deal about the creatures passing by underwater.  3, fiche 35, Anglais, - hydroacoustic%20survey

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In an acoustic survey, a transducer emits a pulse of sound. The transducer can be either fixed or mounted on a moving vessel. The sound moves through the water until it bumps into something, such as a fish, and part of its energy is reflected back to the transducer. Another device, called an echo sounder, amplifies the returned energy and sends it to a recorder where it registers as a mark.  3, fiche 35, Anglais, - hydroacoustic%20survey

Fiche 35,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 35,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 36,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A fishery stock] assessment model that incorporates age by age data from the commercial fishery as well as several age-disaggregated research vessel survey indices of abundance.  4, fiche 36, Anglais, - extended%20survivor%20analysis

Fiche 36,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 36,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 37,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In young fish, marking can be done en masse(the marks are the same on all individuals)... Batch marking precludes tracking individual fish, but is well suited to measuring changes in abundance due to the large numbers which can be tracked.  3, fiche 37, Anglais, - mass%20marking

Fiche 37,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 37,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 38,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Acoustic methods have been widely used in fisheries research for pelagic fish biomass estimation, lately including very sophisticated techniques, such [as] multi-frequency, wide band, multibeam, vertical and horizontal echosounding.... acoustics are superior to other methods for pelagic fish assessment... The main advantage of fisheries acoustics is its ability to... provide a level of the total accuracy of the abundance...  3, fiche 38, Anglais, - acoustic%20method

Fiche 38,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les campagnes à la mer sont réalisées pour effectuer des évaluations directes des stocks de [poissons] pélagiques par la méthode de prospection acoustique […] pour estimer des indices d'abondance de stocks démersaux […]  2, fiche 38, Français, - m%C3%A9thode%20de%20prospection%20acoustique

Fiche 38,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 39,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Several important assumptions must be met before using mark-recapture methods to estimate population abundance and mortality. These assumptions include :(1) the tagged fish are representative of the population from which mortality information is sought,(2) there is no emigration of tagged fish,(3) the number of tagged fish that are released is known exactly,(4) there are no tag losses and no misread tags,(5) survival rates are not affected by tagging, and(6) that the fate of each individual tagged fish is independent of other tagged individuals, among other assumptions...  1, fiche 39, Anglais, - mark%2Drecapture%20method

Fiche 39,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Plusieurs hypothèses importantes doivent être satisfaites avant d'utiliser les méthodes de marquage et de recapture pour estimer l'abondance et le taux de mortalité d'une population, notamment : (1) les poissons étiquetés sont représentatifs de la population pour laquelle de l'information sur la mortalité est recherchée, (2) aucune émigration des poissons étiquetés ne se produit, (3) le nombre exact de poissons étiquetés remis à l'eau est connu précisément, (4) aucune étiquette n'est perdue ou incorrectement lue, (5) l'étiquetage n'a pas d'effet sur les taux de survie et (6) le sort de chaque poisson étiqueté est indépendant des autres individus étiquetés [...]  1, fiche 39, Français, - m%C3%A9thode%20de%20marquage%20et%20de%20recapture

Fiche 39,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 40,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Another surprise from ’Oumuamua's discovery in 2017 was that the expected abundance of interstellar rocks lost from Oort cloud analogs is too small by orders of magnitude than the value needed to explain the inferred population of ’Oumuamua-like objects. The nurseries that give birth to ’Oumuamua-like objects must be different from what we know about the solar system.  1, fiche 40, Anglais, - interstellar%20rock

Fiche 40,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 40,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 41,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The mobile hydroacoustic method provided a valuable sampling method for surveying Nassau grouper spawning aggregations. Our technique provided a means to rapidly cover large [areas. Hydroacoustics] can provide a method to initially survey a relatively large area and locate large targets before using divers for more fine-scale observations of fish distribution and abundance patterns, and species identification.  2, fiche 41, Anglais, - mobile%20hydroacoustic%20method

Fiche 41,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 41,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 42,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A clear variation in the angle of the corpus calcareum [that] corresponds to a growth rate acceleration in [fish].  5, fiche 42, Anglais, - birth%20band

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Recent declines in abundance of skates... have heightened the need for validated age and growth estimates... skate vertebral centra collected seasonally... were sectioned using a mass processing method, then used to reconstruct growth in each species.... Total counts were obtained by summing visible and estimated band counts. Growth curves were then fitted to all length-at-age data including sections deemed unreadable near the focus. The location of the birth band(BB) in each species was confirmed by comparing suspected birth band radius(BR) measurements with [vertebral radius(VR) ] measurements of available late-term embryos... and/or early young-of-the-year fish... Regressions between VR and [total length] for each species, along with published hatch lengths, were also used to verify the location of the BB along the corpus calcareum of each section...  6, fiche 42, Anglais, - birth%20band

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Birthmarks are usually represented by an angle change along the centrum face of whole vertebrae or along [the] intermedialia-corpus calcareum interface with an associated ring on the corpus calcareum in sectioned centra, but this feature may not be distinct in either.  5, fiche 42, Anglais, - birth%20band

Fiche 42,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 42,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 43,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Because commercial fisheries aim to maximize harvesting rates of target species, and are governed by fishery regulations, their [catch-per-unit-effort] indices may not necessarily accurately reflect fish abundance, especially for non-[total allowable catch] species, such as [darkblotched rockfish].  2, fiche 43, Anglais, - maximize%20catch%20rates

Fiche 43,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Parce que les pêches commerciales visent à maximiser les taux de capture des espèces ciblées et qu'elles sont [assujetties] aux règlements sur les pêches en vigueur, leurs indices des [prises par unité d'effort] peuvent ne pas forcément refléter précisément l'abondance du poisson, en particulier pour ce qui est des espèces non soumises à un [total autorisé de captures], comme le sébaste tacheté.  3, fiche 43, Français, - maximiser%20les%20taux%20de%20capture

Fiche 43,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 44,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Spatio-temporal modeling. A method is needed to improve the estimates... with low sample sizes and to impute abundance for [space] strata within the [fish] stock distribution for which no data exist for one or more time periods.... Contemporary spatio-temporal models are useful for this purpose and have been made practical by recent developments in statistical methodology, computational algorithms, and software packages...  1, fiche 44, Anglais, - spatio%2Dtemporal%20modeling

Fiche 44,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 44,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 45,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A novel modelling approach(stmv [—] spatio-temporal modelling of variability) has been developed and implemented for the Scotian Shelf [snow crab] assessment... This method incorporates relationships between [snow crab] habitat and abundance, with environmental(temperature, substrate and depth) and ecosystem(species composition and diversity) variables, while also accounting for spatial and temporal variation.  1, fiche 45, Anglais, - spatio%2Dtemporal%20modelling%20of%20variability

Fiche 45,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une nouvelle approche de modélisation (modélisation spatio-temporelle de la variabilité « stmv ») a été élaborée et mise en œuvre pour l'évaluation du crabe des neiges du plateau néo-écossais [...] Cette méthode intègre les relations entre l'habitat et l'abondance du crabe des neiges et des variables environnementales (température, substrat et profondeur) et écosystémiques (composition des espèces et diversité), tout en tenant compte des variations spatiales et temporelles.  1, fiche 45, Français, - mod%C3%A9lisation%20spatio%2Dtemporelle%20de%20la%20variabilit%C3%A9

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Fiche 46,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cow-calf Production. As with most wild and domesticated grazing animals, beef calves are usually born in the spring. Calving is timed to coincide with the emerging spring grass so that the mother cow will have nutritious grass to eat, which helps produce an abundance of milk for her offspring.  1, fiche 46, Anglais, - cow%2Dcalf%20production

Fiche 46,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Activité d'élevage spécialisée dans la production d'animaux jeunes.  2, fiche 46, Français, - production%20vache%2Dveau

Fiche 46,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 47,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

When the yolk sac is almost completely absorbed, alevins begin to feed exogenously; this is … commonly referred to as "swim-up fry. "Unlike most species, salmonids have a functional stomach present before external feeding begins... Food taken at first feeding is related to the gape of the mouth, but also to prey abundance, size, availability, and mobility.  4, fiche 47, Anglais, - swim%2Dup%20fry

Fiche 47,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 47,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 48,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A recreational activity that consists in riding either standing waves or tidal bores in rivers.  2, fiche 48, Anglais, - river%20surfing

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Ottawa region hosts some of the best river surfing in the world. A combination of the Canadian Shield's rocky outer layer, sitting below relatively shallow river beds, allow for an abundance of natural features that make for clean, rideable waves.  3, fiche 48, Anglais, - river%20surfing

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Fiche 48,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 49,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A series of figure-eight movements performed by a bee to indicate the direction and abundance of a distant food source.  4, fiche 49, Anglais, - waggle%20dance

Fiche 49,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[La danse frétillante est] pratiquée si la source se trouve loin du nid, à plusieurs dizaines voire centaines de mètres. Cette danse est appelée frétillante, car l'abeille y décrit une forme de «8» aplati dont la partie centrale est en ligne droite, ligne que l'abeille parcourt en faisant frétiller son abdomen.  3, fiche 49, Français, - danse%20fr%C3%A9tillante

Fiche 49,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 50,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A] method to estimate abundance of animal populations.  2, fiche 50, Anglais, - removal%20sampling

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In a depletion survey, animals are captured from a given area, counted, and withheld from the population.  3, fiche 50, Anglais, - removal%20sampling

Fiche 50,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 50,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 51,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The catch-survey analysis(CSA) method of assessment aims at estimating stock abundance from relative indices by filtering measurement error in the latter through a simple two-stage population dynamics model... CSA is proved to be a very valuable method to support management advice in data-limited contexts in which age data are lacking or uncertain.  2, fiche 51, Anglais, - catch%2Dsurvey%20analysis

Fiche 51,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 51,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 52,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The ratio of the total number of individuals (or of signs of presence) observed along a transect by the total transect length covered at each site.  1, fiche 52, Anglais, - kilometric%20abundance%20index

Fiche 52,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 52,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 53,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Relative abundance is an estimate of actual or absolute abundance; usually stated as some kind of index, for example, as bottom trawl survey stratified mean catch per tow.  2, fiche 53, Anglais, - relative%20abundance

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Fiche 53,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La captura por unidad de esfuerzo (CPUE) es ampliamente utilizada como un índice de abundancia relativa en muchas pesquerías del mundo.  1, fiche 53, Espagnol, - abundancia%20relativa

Fiche 54,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 54, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Catch-curves plot the frequency of fish grouped by either size or age … Because size is often a poor indicator of cohort membership …, age estimated from the daily increment ageing technique is preferred. Abundance-at-age usually decreases exponentially, making the slope … the time-specific rate of mortality.  4, fiche 54, Anglais, - age%20abundance

Record number: 54, Textual support number: 1 PHR

abundance at age 2, age-0 abundance  5, fiche 54, Anglais, - age%20abundance

Fiche 54,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 54, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Les] courbes de capture […] représentent la fréquence des tailles ou des âges du poisson capturé […]. Mais comme la taille est souvent un mauvais indicateur de la cohorte d'origine […], il est préférable d'utiliser l'âge établi par dénombrement des accroissements journaliers. L'abondance par âge diminuant habituellement de façon exponentielle, la pente […] devient le taux de mortalité à un moment donné.  2, fiche 54, Français, - abondance%20par%20%C3%A2ge

Fiche 54,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 55,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 55, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Although habitat characteristics are fairly well defined, not all abalone habitat locations are known due to knowledge gaps in shoreline composition, and therefore there is no estimate for AO [the area within the extent of occurrence that is occupied by the species]. Consequently, the index site survey time series have provided an "index" of abundance as opposed to a total number of individuals(population number).  3, fiche 55, Anglais, - population%20number

Record number: 55, Textual support number: 1 OBS

population number: designation often used in the plural.  4, fiche 55, Anglais, - population%20number

Fiche 55,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 55, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Bien que les caractéristiques de l'habitat soient assez bien définies, tous les endroits occupés par l'ormeau ne sont pas connus en raison de lacunes dans les connaissances sur la composition du littoral et, pour cette raison, aucune estimation de la superficie de la zone d'occupation n'est disponible. Par conséquent, les séries chronologiques de données de relevé des sites repères ont donné un «indice» d'abondance plutôt que le nombre total d'individus (effectif de la population).  2, fiche 55, Français, - effectif%20de%20la%20population

Fiche 55,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Record number: 55, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Para calcular la mortalidad por pesca y el tamaño de la población disponible de corvina pinta, se utilizó el análisis de población virtual (APV) propuesto por Jones (1974, 1981).  1, fiche 55, Espagnol, - tama%C3%B1o%20de%20la%20poblaci%C3%B3n

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Fiche 56,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 56, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Abondance d'espèce : elle peut être mesurée et quantifiée de différentes façons (non équivalentes) par : le nombre d'individus de l'espèce […]; la biomasse de l'espèce; le recouvrement, en pourcentage de la surface recouverte par l'espèce (pour les plantes notamment); la fréquence, ou le pourcentage de présences de l'espèce dans des fractions du relevé.  3, fiche 56, Français, - abondance%20d%27esp%C3%A8ce

Fiche 56,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Record number: 56, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cantidad de individuos pertenecientes a una especie en una población, comunidad o área determinada.  2, fiche 56, Espagnol, - abundancia

Fiche 57,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 57, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Estimating absolute abundance is an essential component of most fisheries stock assessments because total allowable catch is often calculated as a harvest rate applied to the model estimate of abundance. In contemporary integrated stock assessments, a variety of data types can be included in the analysis and simultaneously provide information on all estimated parameters …  2, fiche 57, Anglais, - absolute%20abundance

Fiche 57,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 57, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Les] estimations de l'abondance absolue […] sont indispensables pour estimer les rendements [des stocks de poissons]. Elle peuvent provenir d'une enquête indépendante des pêches qui fournit des estimations de l'abondance absolue […] ou d'un modèle d'évaluation estimant l'abondance absolue sur la base des captures et de l'abondance relative.  2, fiche 57, Français, - abondance%20absolue

Fiche 57,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Record number: 57, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Número de individuos de una especie presentes en un área.  1, fiche 57, Espagnol, - abundancia%20absoluta

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Record number: 58, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Subgroup of volatile organic compounds ... that tend to have a higher molecular weight and higher boiling point temperature.  4, fiche 58, Anglais, - semi%2Dvolatile%20organic%20compound

Record number: 58, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Semivolatile organic compounds(SVOCs)... are of concern because of their abundance in the indoor environment and their potential for negative health effects on humans. … The concentrations of semi-volatile organic compounds … are determined by extracting the sample and then analyzing the extract using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry...  3, fiche 58, Anglais, - semi%2Dvolatile%20organic%20compound

Record number: 58, Textual support number: 1 OBS

semi-volatile organic compound; SVOC: designation and abbreviation standardized by ISO in 2020.  5, fiche 58, Anglais, - semi%2Dvolatile%20organic%20compound

Record number: 58, Textual support number: 2 OBS

semi-volatile organic compound: term adopted by Environment Canada; used in the list of pollutants measured in the National Air Pollution Surveillance Network (NAPS).  6, fiche 58, Anglais, - semi%2Dvolatile%20organic%20compound