TERMIUM Plus^®

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The invisible vapour becomes visible near the surface as fog when the air cools to the dew point. The usual nocturnal cooling will produce fog patches in cool valleys. Or the vapour may move as a tropical air mass over cold land or sea, causing widespread and persistent fog, such as occurs over the Grand Banks off Newfoundland.  2, fiche 1, Anglais, - persistent%20fog

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Seismic stops are designed to form an envelope in which a pipe can move freely between its hot and cold positions but outside of which it cannot travel during an earthquake.  2, fiche 2, Anglais, - seismic%20stop

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seismic stop: designation extracted from the "Glossaire de l’énergie nucléaire anglais/français" and reproduced with permission of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.  3, fiche 2, Anglais, - seismic%20stop

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Français

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Dispositif amortisseur qui limite les mouvements rapides d'équipements ou de tuyauteries dus à leur rupture ou à un séisme, tout en permettant les déplacements lents dus aux dilatations thermiques.  3, fiche 2, Français, - dispositif%20autobloquant

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dispositif autobloquant; DAB : désignations et définition publiées au Journal officiel de la République française le 2 septembre 2020.  4, fiche 2, Français, - dispositif%20autobloquant

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The oceans are mostly composed of warm salty water near the surface over cold, less salty water in the ocean depths. These two regions don’t mix except in certain special areas. The ocean currents, the movement of the ocean in the surface layer, are driven mostly by the wind. In certain areas near the polar oceans, the colder surface water also gets saltier due to evaporation or sea ice formation. In these regions, the surface water becomes dense enough to sink to the ocean depths. This pumping of surface water into the deep ocean forces the deep water to move horizontally until it can find an area on the world where it can rise back to the surface and close the current loop. This usually occurs in the equatorial ocean, mostly in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. This very large, slow current is called the thermohaline circulation because it is caused by temperature and salinity(haline) variations.  2, fiche 3, Anglais, - deep%20water

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Français

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Eau de mer dérivant et circulant à des profondeurs comprises entre 2 000 et 4 000 m.  2, fiche 3, Français, - eau%20profonde

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eau profonde : désignation habituellement utilisée au pluriel.  3, fiche 3, Français, - eau%20profonde

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Espagnol

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Aguas cuya profundidad supera la semilongitud de onda de las olas.  2, fiche 3, Espagnol, - aguas%20profundas

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Wave in the atmospheric circulation, in one of the principal zones of the westerly winds, characterized by a great length and a significant amplitude.  5, fiche 4, Anglais, - long%20wave

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The jet streams, especially the polar front jet streams, are very dynamic features, which exhibit long wavelength meanders known as "long waves" or "planetary waves". These are also commonly known as "Rossby waves" ... Strictly speaking, Rossby waves are a particular kind of long wave, which migrates upstream relative to the fluid flow (i.e. from east to west in the case of the sub-tropical and polar jet streams). In fact, planetary waves may be stationary or migrate slowly eastward or westward.  6, fiche 4, Anglais, - long%20wave

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Long wave is a synoptic scale, natural wave pattern in the westerlies. They are also called "Rossby Waves" or "Planetary Waves". Long waves separate cold Polar air from warm air at the Equator and are caused by the shape and rotation of the Earth.... The wavelength of long waves may vary from 60 to 180 degrees of longitude.... There are usually three(3) to six(6) long waves in the westerlies in each hemisphere during any given season.... The speed that long waves move at is generally very slow, 1-3 degrees longitude a day.  7, fiche 4, Anglais, - long%20wave

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Long wave [is] a large wave in the polar jet stream and the westerlies that extends from the middle to the upper troposphere. Often associated with the formation of a mid-latitude cyclone at the ground surface. ... Also called Rossby waves.  8, fiche 4, Anglais, - long%20wave

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The wave length is typically longer than that of the rapidly moving individual cyclonic and anticyclonic disturbances of the lower troposphere. The angular wavenumber of long waves is generally taken to be from 1 to 5.  9, fiche 4, Anglais, - long%20wave

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Français

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Onde de la circulation atmosphérique dans une des zones principales de vent d'ouest, caractérisée par une grande longueur d'onde et une amplitude significative.  4, fiche 4, Français, - onde%20de%20Rossby

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[...] la circulation aux latitudes moyennes est caractérisée par des séquences transitoires creux-crête-creux-onde très importantes. C'est ce qu'on appelle les «ondes de Rossby», d'après Carl-Gustave Rossby, qui a élaboré sa théorie en 1937. Les ondes de Rossby sont principalement inclinées du nord-est au sud-ouest dans l'hémisphère Nord. [...] Les ondes planétaires sont les ondes de Rossby [...] Les crêtes ont tendance à se former au-dessus de grandes chaînes de montagne, comme les Rocheuses, et au-dessus de surfaces constamment chaudes. Les creux ont tendance à se former en aval des chaînes de montagne et au-dessus de surfaces froides.  5, fiche 4, Français, - onde%20de%20Rossby

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[...] des constituants majeurs, comme l'ozone, admettent leurs sources et leurs puits dans la moyenne atmosphère, alors que le transport et le mélange des masses d'air et des constituants chimiques y sont contrôlés par la propagation des ondes de grandes échelles, comme les ondes planétaires de Rossby, et par des ondes de petites échelles comme les ondes de gravité et la turbulence.  2, fiche 4, Français, - onde%20de%20Rossby

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Espagnol

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Onda en la circulación de la atmósfera en una de las zonas principales de los vientos del oeste, caracterizada por una gran longitud de onda y una amplitud notable.  1, fiche 4, Espagnol, - onda%20larga

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Anglais

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A transition zone in the atmosphere where an advancing warm air mass displaces a cold air mass.  2, fiche 5, Anglais, - warm%20front

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A warm front occurs when a warm air mass moves into an area occupied by a colder air mass. The warm air is lighter; so it flows up the slope of the cold air below it. Warm fronts usually form on the eastern sides of low pressure systems, create wide areas of clouds and rain, and move at an average speed of 15 mph.  3, fiche 5, Anglais, - warm%20front

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Français

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Tout front non occlus se déplaçant de façon telle que l'air chaud remplace l'air froid.  2, fiche 5, Français, - front%20chaud

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On parle de front chaud lorsque, dans le sens de son déplacement, l'air chaud se substitue à l'air froid; au contraire, on se trouve en présence d'un front froid si l'air froid succède à l'air chaud.  3, fiche 5, Français, - front%20chaud

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Espagnol

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Frente que se desplaza de forma que una masa de aire cálido tiende a desplazar a otra de aire frío.  1, fiche 5, Espagnol, - frente%20c%C3%A1lido

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Winds blowing southward along the west coast of the United States--because of friction and the effects of Earth's rotation--cause the surface layer of the ocean to move away from the coast. As the surface water moves offshore, cold, nutrient-rich water upwells from below to replace it. This upwelling fuels the growth of marine phytoplankton which, along with larger seaweeds, in turn nourish the incredible diversity of creatures found along the northern and central California coast. Sensors such as SeaWiFS can "see" the effects of this upwelling-related productivity because the chlorophyll-bearing phytoplankton reflect predominantly green light back into space as opposed to the water itself which reflects predominantly blue wavelengths back to space.  4, fiche 6, Anglais, - sea%2Dviewing%20wide%20field%2Dof%2Dview%20sensor

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The purpose of the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) Project is to provide quantitative data on global ocean bio-optical properties to the Earth science community.  5, fiche 6, Anglais, - sea%2Dviewing%20wide%20field%2Dof%2Dview%20sensor

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Anglais

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When the temperature sinks on a cold winter's day water vapour becomes water and water becomes ice. These so-called phase transitions and the changed states of matter can be roughly described and understood with classical physics. What happens when the temperature falls is that the random heat movement in gases, liquids and solid bodies ceases. But the situation becomes entirely different when the temperature sinks further and approaches absolute zero,-273. 15°C. In samples of liquid helium what is termed superfluidity occurs, a phenomenon that cannot be understood in terms of classical physics. When a liquid becomes superfluid its atoms suddenly lose all their randomness and move in a coordinated manner in each movement. This causes the liquid to lack all inner friction : It can overflow a cup, flow out through very small holes, and exhibits a whole series of other non-classical effects. Fundamental understanding of the properties of such a liquid requires an advanced form of quantum physics, and these very cold liquids are therefore termed quantum liquids...  2, fiche 7, Anglais, - quantum%20liquid

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Phenomenon which produces the Earth's climatic pattern, caused by the difference in temperature between the hot equatorial zone and the cold polar regions, making warm water and air from the tropics move towards the poles.  1, fiche 8, Anglais, - heat%20engine

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Français

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thermique, nom féminin : (aéronautique et météorologie) courant vertical déclenché par la thermoconvection.  2, fiche 8, Français, - thermopropulsion

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

There are at least three distinct types of cold pool : 1. Large(in areal extent), slow-moving vortices at latitudes poleward of roughly 50deg N & S. They are often over, or immediately downwind of the source regions of polar or arctic air masses, in such areas as the Canadian Arctic or Siberian Russia.... 2. Once cold air from the source region as detailed in(1.) above is caught up in the circulation of mid-latitude depressions, the characteristics of the air mass are altered. Warming from below(over relatively warmer sea surfaces for example), leads to instability developing, and with an accompanying injection of moisture(after a reasonable length of passage over the sea), cloudy convection(showers, thunderstorms) is triggered. Cold pools in these situations are often maxima of such activity, with surface charts showing west or northwesterly airflow, often with cyclonically curved isobars. The cold pool will move in the general synoptic flow, and will eventually warm out(disappear) due to sensible & latent heat exchanges within the environment of the cold pool. However,... sometimes the cold pool will transform into a slow-moving, longer-lasting entity, particularly if the feed of ex-polar air on its western flank is maintained-this occurs in highly meridional situations. 3. A pool of cold air can also become ’detached’ at lower latitudes...  2, fiche 9, Anglais, - cold%20air%20pool

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Français

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Invasion d'un air froid d'origine polaire aux latitudes moyennes.  3, fiche 9, Français, - goutte%20froide

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En 1992, deux auteurs anglais, Price et Vaughan, publièrent une étude statistique des gouttes froides, en séparant 3 types : les gouttes froides de type arctique, de type polaire et de type subtropicale, en fonction du courant-jet au voisinage duquel eut lieu le détachement stratosphérique. Ces auteurs montrèrent que les gouttes froides de type subtropical sont plus petite, et durent moins longtemps, que les gouttes froides qui se forment aux latitudes moyennes et polaires.  2, fiche 9, Français, - goutte%20froide

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Goutte froide [...] dont l'arrivée aux latitudes plus basses équivaut à une aggravation du temps par activation du front polaire.  4, fiche 9, Français, - goutte%20froide

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La Goutte Froide et le cordon qui l'alimente en air stratosphérique polaire sont bordés par un fort jet-stream dont le maximum d'intensité se situe vers 9 km d'altitude.  4, fiche 9, Français, - goutte%20froide

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Anglais

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cold move : Terminology officially approved by the Naval Terminology Standardization Committee.  2, fiche 10, Anglais, - cold%20move

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Français

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déplacement sans autopropulsion : Terminologie officialisée par le Comité de normalisation de la terminologie navale.  2, fiche 10, Français, - d%C3%A9placement%20sans%20autopropulsion

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Anglais

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An aggregation during which particles move along straight trajectories until they encounter the growing aggregate and stick to its surface irreversibly.  1, fiche 11, Anglais, - ballistic%20aggregation

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Ballistic aggregation can be useful for the interpretation of processes such as vapour deposition on a cold substrate. Two basic models have been considered recently : in the first case the particles move along randomly oriented straight lines, while their trajectories are assumed to be parallel in the second type of models.  1, fiche 11, Anglais, - ballistic%20aggregation

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Français

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Agglutiner : coller ensemble, réunir de manière à former une masse compacte.  1, fiche 11, Français, - agglutination

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Coalescence : réunion de particules liquides en suspension en particules plus grosses.  1, fiche 11, Français, - agglutination

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Agglutination de poussières en morceaux.  2, fiche 11, Français, - agglutination

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Espagnol