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Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Anglais

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... the delayed rebounding of the land surface in response to the removal of the weight of the continental ice sheets during their retreat at the end of the last ice age...  1, fiche 1, Anglais, - glacial%20isostatic%20adjustment

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Ice which forms from rain or snow on land.  3, fiche 2, Anglais, - land%20ice

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The cryosphere is the frozen water part of the Earth system. It has two major components :continental or land ice and sea ice.... Continental ice includes the continental ice sheets of Greenland(about 2-3 km thick), Antarctica(up to 4 km thick) and smaller ones in China and South America. Continental ice also includes valley glaciers(generally 10-100 m thick) which are found on every continent except Australia.  2, fiche 2, Anglais, - land%20ice

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Français

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Glace formée par le gel de la pluie ou de la neige sur le sol.  3, fiche 2, Français, - glace%20terrestre

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Espagnol

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Hielo formado sobre el suelo por efecto de lluvias o nieve.  1, fiche 2, Espagnol, - hielo%20continental

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Anglais

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... methane gas bubbling through seafloor sediments has created hundreds of low hills on the floor of the Arctic Ocean. These enigmatic features, which can grow up to 40 meters(130 feet) tall and several hundred meters across, have puzzled scientists ever since they were first discovered in the 1940s.... "Pingo-like features" are similar in shape and size to pingos on land, but are found underwater, on the continental shelf in several parts of the Arctic. Previous studies have suggested that pingo-like features are pingos that formed on land but were submerged when sea level rose following the end of the last ice age, over 10, 000 years ago.  1, fiche 3, Anglais, - pingo%2Dlike%20feature

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Français

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Au large, ont été recensés 200 pingos sous-marins, édifiés, peut-être, au maximum de la glaciation, pendant lequel le niveau des mers était inférieur de 130 m à l'actuel.  1, fiche 3, Français, - pingo%20sous%2Dmarin

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Anglais

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A continuous mass of ice and snow of considerable thickness and covering a large area of rock or water.  5, fiche 4, Anglais, - continental%20glacier

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The ice sheets occupying most of the Antarctic continent and Greenland at the present day are referred to as "continental ice sheets. "  5, fiche 4, Anglais, - continental%20glacier

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A continental ice sheet will often be called simply an ice sheet and in which case should still be translated in French by inlandsis.  6, fiche 4, Anglais, - continental%20glacier

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Français

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Immense étendue de glaces continentales, épaisses de quelques kilomètres au centre et [se terminant] en langues ou en barrières de glace.  3, fiche 4, Français, - inlandsis

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Les deux principaux inlandsis sont l'Antarctique [...] et l'inlandsis groënlandais [...]  3, fiche 4, Français, - inlandsis

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Espagnol

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Los dos inlandsis que subsisten en la Tierra son el antártico [...] y el groenlandés [...] Ambos suman 98,7 por ciento de los hielos continentales. [...] Los inlandsis tienen una forma más o menos lenticular: el peso de la capa de hielo (hasta 4000 m de espesor) provoca una depresión de la corteza terrestre subyacente; por otra parte, la ablación del hielo es menor en las regiones centrales.  4, fiche 4, Espagnol, - glaciar%20continental

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El manto de hielo continental sobre Groenlandia y la Antártida, que puede considerarse con características topográficas casi permanentes, es el tercer mecanismo de retroalimentación de la criósfera.  5, fiche 4, Espagnol, - glaciar%20continental

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Los mantos de hielo difieren en tamaño y ubicación y según estas características recibirán distintos nombres. Por ejemplo, el glaciar continental (o manto de hielo continental) es generalmente considerado más extenso que un casquete (o calota) glaciar. Es importante estudiar estas diferencias para no considerarlos sinónimos.  6, fiche 4, Espagnol, - glaciar%20continental

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Anglais

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A large ice mass, with an area usually greater than about 50 000 km², made up of ice domes and outlet glaciers.  3, fiche 5, Anglais, - ice%20sheet

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An ice sheet will be called a continental ice sheet or continental glacier if it covers a large part of a continent.  4, fiche 5, Anglais, - ice%20sheet

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ice sheet: term used at Natural Resources Canada - Earth Sciences Sector.  5, fiche 5, Anglais, - ice%20sheet

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Français

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Glacier de forte épaisseur, de plus de 50 000 kilomètres carrés, formant une couverture continue et s'étendant dans toutes les directions.  3, fiche 5, Français, - nappe%20glaciaire

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nappe glaciaire : terme en usage à Ressources naturelles Canada - Secteur des sciences de la Terre.  4, fiche 5, Français, - nappe%20glaciaire

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Espagnol

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[...] las fluctuaciones de tamaño en el manto de hielo de montaña patagónica entre latitud 52º y 46º S estuvieron en fase con aquellas de las calotas polares.  2, fiche 5, Espagnol, - manto%20de%20hielo

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Marginal moraines are formed at the margin of glaciers and include cross-valley, lateral, and end moraines.  3, fiche 6, Anglais, - marginal%20moraine

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marginal moraine: Generally applied to present-day glaciers and to mountain valleys occupied by alpine or valley glaciers.  3, fiche 6, Anglais, - marginal%20moraine

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The term glacier refers to all types of flowing ice bodies i. e. inland or continental ice sheets, ice shelves, ice streams, ice caps, piedmont glaciers, cirque glaciers, and various types of mountain(valley or alpine) glaciers.  4, fiche 6, Anglais, - marginal%20moraine

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Français

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Moraine en bordure d'un glacier ou d'un inlandsis.  3, fiche 6, Français, - moraine%20marginale

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Certains auteurs n'utilisent ces termes que pour désigner les moraines en bordure d'un inlandsis.  3, fiche 6, Français, - moraine%20marginale

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Espagnol

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Morrena del borde de un glaciar.  1, fiche 6, Espagnol, - morrena%20marginal

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Particular period of a geological era during which extensive ice sheets(continental glaciers) covered many parts of the world.  2, fiche 7, Anglais, - Ice%20Age

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[One must] capitalize the names of months and days, of holidays and holy days, and of historical and geological periods and parliamentary sessions.  3, fiche 7, Anglais, - Ice%20Age

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Français

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Période particulière d'une ère géologique pendant laquelle des nappes de glace très étendues (glaciers continentaux) se sont formées sur plusieurs parties du monde.  2, fiche 7, Français, - %C3%A2ge%20glaciaire

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Espagnol

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Período particular de una era geológica durante el cual vastos campos de hielo (glaciares continentales) cubrían gran parte de la tierra.  1, fiche 7, Espagnol, - era%20glaciar

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The West Antarctic Ice Sheet(WAIS) is the segment of the continental ice sheet that covers West(or Lesser) Antarctica, the portion of Antarctica west of the Transantarctic Mountains. The WAIS is classified as a marine-based ice sheet, meaning that its bed lies well below sea level and its edges flow into floating ice shelves. The WAIS is bounded by the Ross Ice Shelf, the Ronne Ice Shelf, and outlet glaciers that drain into the Amundsen Sea.  2, fiche 8, Anglais, - West%20Antarctic%20Ice%20Sheet%20Initiative

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Amount of sunlight received by the Earth or an object during the winter.  2, fiche 9, Anglais, - winter%20insolation

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Orbital changes alter the amount of insolation received both in winter and in summer. Is it likely that the amount of winter insolation controls growth of ice sheet? No, since colder winters may result in less accumulation. No, continental ice sheets grow mainly at high elevations in polar regions, where winter insolation is minimal.  1, fiche 9, Anglais, - winter%20insolation

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Winter insolation may affect trees during winter and cause serious damage to the bark and cambium.  3, fiche 9, Anglais, - winter%20insolation

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Français

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Quantité d'ensoleillement que reçoit la Terre ou un objet durant la saison hivernale.  2, fiche 9, Français, - insolation%20hivernale

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Des études sont en cours afin de sélectionner plus efficacement les clones résistants aux principales maladies, tels les taches de feuilles, les rouilles et les problèmes [causées par l']insolation hivernale.  1, fiche 9, Français, - insolation%20hivernale

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insolation hivernale : un ensoleillement intensif des arbres durant la saison hivernale peut provoquer des blessures de l'écorce et du cambium.  3, fiche 9, Français, - insolation%20hivernale

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The third stage in the retreat of the continental ice sheet from Scandinavia, from about 8000-6500 B. C.  1, fiche 10, Anglais, - Finiglacial%20stage

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Français

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Le retrait tardiglaciaire de l'inlandsis scandinave se décompose en trois épisodes : Daniglaciaire, [...] Gothiglaciaire, [...] Finiglaciaire, repli en deçà des Salpausselka (8 800 BP); [...]  1, fiche 10, Français, - Finiglaciaire

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Anglais

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A period of glaciation covering most of the northern half of North America from about 85,000 years ago until about 7,000 years ago. It was the most recent continental glaciation.  4, fiche 11, Anglais, - Wisconsin%20Glaciation

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As these are indications that continental ice reached its all time limit along the mountain front, at least locally, during the latter part of the Wisconsin Glaciation. [Source : The Decade of North American Geology, Volume 1, Chapter 2. ]  2, fiche 11, Anglais, - Wisconsin%20Glaciation

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Français

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Période géologique (environ 85 000 à 7 000 ans avant aujourd'hui) au cours de laquelle des glaciers ont recouvert la majeure partie des régions septentrionales de l'Amérique du Nord. Il s'agit de la dernière glaciation connue.  3, fiche 11, Français, - glaciation%20du%20Wisconsin

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La glaciation wisconsinienne aurait débuté il y a plus de 100 000 années pour connaître son apogée il y a 20 000 années environ.  2, fiche 11, Français, - glaciation%20du%20Wisconsin

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Anglais

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An informal designation for a period in geologic history "when large bodies of ice formed at or near the poles and the climate was generally suitable for the growth of continental glaciers"(ADTIC, 1955, p. 22).  1, fiche 12, Anglais, - Cryogenic%20period

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Anglais

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[the Atlantic region] is notable for the convergence of(...) the cold Labrador Current with its drift ice and icebergs with the warm Gulf Stream Drift at the seaward border of the continental shelf, the Banks of(...) Nova Scotia.  1, fiche 13, Anglais, - Banks%20of%20Nova%20Scotia

Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Français

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[la région de l'Atlantique] se trouve à la rencontre du courant froid du Labrador (...) et des dérives chaudes du Gulf Stream, à l'ouest de la plate-forme continentale, des bancs (...) de la Nouvelle-Écosse.  1, fiche 13, Français, - bancs%20de%20la%20Nouvelle%2D%C3%89cosse

Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Espagnol