TERMIUM Plus^®

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Carcinoma of the esophagus may mimic megaesophagus. The presence of positive serology and electrocardiographic changes assist in the differential diagnosis from megaesophagus and megacolon not caused by Chagas's disease.  2, fiche 1, Anglais, - undifferentiated%20carcinoma%20of%20the%20esophagus

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Français

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Tumeur épithéliale maligne qui ne montre aucune structure glandulaire.  1, fiche 1, Français, - carcinome%20indiff%C3%A9renci%C3%A9%20de%20l%27%26oelig%3Bsophage

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Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Anglais

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A hemoglobin variant that is a tetramer of Y chains, a marker of alpha-thalassemia.  2, fiche 2, Anglais, - Bart%26rsquo%3Bs%20hemoglobin

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Although b-thalassemia is indistinguishable from normal electrophoresis done at early infancy, the diagnosis of clinically significant a-thalassemia syndrome is suggested by the presence of greater than 2% of Bart's hemoglobin, which aids in the differential diagnosis of hypochromic microcytic anemia late in infancy.  1, fiche 2, Anglais, - Bart%26rsquo%3Bs%20hemoglobin

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Hémoglobine anormale formée uniquement d'une chaîne Y, marqueur de la thalassémie alpha.  2, fiche 2, Français, - h%C3%A9moglobine%20Bart

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Lors de la délétion de 3 gènes a-globine ou hémoglobinose H, les chaînes g en excès se tétramérisent pour donner une hémoglobine appelée hémoglobine Bart (g4) lors de la période fœtale.  1, fiche 2, Français, - h%C3%A9moglobine%20Bart

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Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Each clinical encounter station is followed by a five-minute written station called the post-encounter probe where the candidate will, for example, perform some of the following tasks : Record findings from the clinical encounter just completed; Provide a differential diagnosis; Interpret x-rays, computed tomography images, laboratory results, etc. ;Detail an initial investigation or management plan.  3, fiche 3, Anglais, - post%2Dencounter%20probe

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Voici des exemples de tâches associées au questionnaire après rencontre : Consigner par écrit les observations de la rencontre précédente; Élaborer un diagnostic différentiel; Interpréter des radiographies, des images obtenues par tomodensitométrie, des résultats d’analyse, etc.; Recommander des examens complémentaires ou la ligne de conduite à adopter.  2, fiche 3, Français, - questionnaire%20apr%C3%A8s%2Drencontre

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Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Anglais

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An enzyme of the transferase class that acts as a DNA polymerase, specifically catalyzing the sequential addition of single deoxynucleotide residues, as nucleoside triphosphate, to the end of nucleotide chains.  3, fiche 4, Anglais, - terminal%20deoxynucleotidyl%20transferase

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Nearly every DNA polymerase characterized to date exclusively catalyzes the incorporation of mononucleotides into a growing primer using a DNA or RNA template as a guide to direct each incorporation event. There is, however, one unique DNA polymerase designated terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase that performs DNA synthesis using only single-stranded DNA as the nucleic acid substrate.  6, fiche 4, Anglais, - terminal%20deoxynucleotidyl%20transferase

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The enzyme is often found in the blast cells of patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia; its presence is used in the differential diagnosis of this disease as well as to monitor response to treatment.  3, fiche 4, Anglais, - terminal%20deoxynucleotidyl%20transferase

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Enzyme qui insère des nucléotides au niveau des jonctions entre des segments de gènes, en particulier au cours du réarrangement des éléments d’ADN lors de la différenciation des lymphocytes T.  1, fiche 4, Français, - d%C3%A9soxyribonucl%C3%A9otidyl%2Dtransf%C3%A9rase%20terminale

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Cet enzyme est actif dans le thymus, la moelle osseuse et les centres germinatifs. Il permet l’insertion de nucléotides de part et d’autre des segments génétiques D des locus TCRB [T cell receptor-beta], TCRD [T cell receptor delta], et IgH [immunoglobulin heavy]. Cet enzyme est par ailleurs utilisé pour fixer le dUTP [désoxyuridine triphosphate] sur les brins libres d’ADN dans les cellules en apoptose.  1, fiche 4, Français, - d%C3%A9soxyribonucl%C3%A9otidyl%2Dtransf%C3%A9rase%20terminale

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transférase terminale : terme publié au Journal officiel de la République française le 22 septembre 2000.  5, fiche 4, Français, - d%C3%A9soxyribonucl%C3%A9otidyl%2Dtransf%C3%A9rase%20terminale

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transférase-terminale : terme normalisé par l'AFNOR.  5, fiche 4, Français, - d%C3%A9soxyribonucl%C3%A9otidyl%2Dtransf%C3%A9rase%20terminale

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Espagnol

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Enzima que cataliza la adición de nucleótidos al extremo 3' de una molécula de ADN.  1, fiche 4, Espagnol, - transferasa%20terminal

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The determination of which one of two or more diseases or conditions a patient is suffering from, by systematically comparing and contrasting their clinical findings.  1, fiche 5, Anglais, - differential%20diagnosis

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Diagnostic reposant sur la comparaison des symptômes (signes cliniques) de différentes pathologies; il est établi par une déduction fondée sur un processus d'élimination.  2, fiche 5, Français, - diagnostic%20diff%C3%A9rentiel

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le diagnostic différentiel entre athérome et anévrysme de l'aorte abdominale.  1, fiche 5, Français, - diagnostic%20diff%C3%A9rentiel

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Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Anglais

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In the differential diagnosis, we would have discarded the hypothesis of amebic pulmonary abscess, not because the patient had a normal erythrocyte sedimentation rate and a normal liver on computed tomography, but because Ent. coli does not cause such a pathologic condition in the lungs.  1, fiche 6, Anglais, - amebic%20lung%20abscess

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Abcès provoqué par Entamoeba histolytica.  2, fiche 6, Français, - abc%C3%A8s%20amibien%20du%20poumon

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Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Jean Endicott and The Research Assessment and Training Unit... Purpose : Assesses clinical history of psychopathology. Used for differential diagnosis of mental disorders. Description : Measure of history relevant to diagnosis, prognosis and severity of illness consisting of several scales and numerous checklist items. Examiner rates items based on subject interview, case records, and clinical workup... Publisher : Biometrics Research/Research Assessment and Training Unit-N. Y. State Psychiatric Institute.  3, fiche 7, Anglais, - Schedule%20for%20Affective%20Disorders%20and%20Schizophrenia%2D%2DLife%2DTime%20Version

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Français

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Nous avons consulté des spécialistes de la Testothèque de l'Université du Québec à Montréal, du département de psychologie de l'Université de Montréal ainsi qu'un psychométricien, de l'Institut de recherches psychologiques de Montréal. Toutes ces personnes nous ont confirmé qu'il n'existait pas d'équivalent français pour ce test.  1, fiche 7, Français, - questionnaire%20SADS%2DL

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Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Juvenile cerebroretinal degeneration is a rare form of the lipidoses, which presents with variable clinical features. The predominant symptom of the disease is visual impairment and it should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of congenital diseases of progressive blindness.  1, fiche 8, Anglais, - cerebroretinal%20degeneration

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Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Identification of the decisions or operators responsible for the success or failure of achieving a goal.  2, fiche 9, Anglais, - credit%2Fblame%20assignment

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In epistemic diagnosis, the task of discovering which knowledge, correct or incorrect, has been used to produce behavior, and which relevant knowledge has been overlooked. This requires the availability of a modeling language and some form of differential modeling, whereby the knowledge used by the student can be compared to that which the expert would have used. The methods used in credit/blame assignment are : model tracing, structural consistency and longitudinal consistency.  3, fiche 9, Anglais, - credit%2Fblame%20assignment

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Français

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Repérage des décisions ou des opérateurs déterminant le succès ou l'échec quant à l'atteinte d'un but.  1, fiche 9, Français, - attribution%20de%20cr%C3%A9dit%2Fbl%C3%A2me

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Voir attribution du mérite, attribution du blâme.  1, fiche 9, Français, - attribution%20de%20cr%C3%A9dit%2Fbl%C3%A2me

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Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The differential diagnosis of sarcoidosis depends largely upon the clinical presentation of the patient. With hilar lymphadenopathy, lymphoma is most frequently considered...  3, fiche 10, Anglais, - hilar%20lymphadenopathy

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Français

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La constatation d'adénopathies hilaires et/ou médiastinales isolées représente dans la grande majorité des cas une manifestation initiale de la sarcoïdose.  1, fiche 10, Français, - ad%C3%A9nopathie%20hilaire

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Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Polyuria is the excretion of dilute urine in excess of 3 liters per 24 hours, and results from one of three fundamental pathophysiologic mechanisms. The first is a deficiency, usually partial, of osmotically regulated vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone) secretion and is termed "cranial diabetes insipidus" (CDI), otherwise known as central, hypothalamic, or neurogenic diabetes insipidus.  2, fiche 11, Anglais, - neurogenic%20diabetes%20insipidus

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Differential diagnosis excluded the syndromes of inadequate antidiuretic hormone secretion, renal and cerebral diabetes insipidus, osmotic receptor hypofunction, chronic renal dysfunction and tubular necrosis.  3, fiche 11, Anglais, - neurogenic%20diabetes%20insipidus

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Example extracted from PASCAL data base.  3, fiche 11, Anglais, - neurogenic%20diabetes%20insipidus

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Français

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Le diabète insipide (DI) peut être défini comme une maladie comportant une polyurie hypotonique et une polydipsie. Celle-ci peut résulter soit d'une carence en HAD [hormone antidiurétique] soit d'une absence de réponse de la part du tubule rénal à une stimulation normale par l'HAD. Cette définition permet d'emblée de distinguer les diabètes insipides d'origine centrale et ceux qui sont d'origine périphérique (ou néphrogénique).  1, fiche 11, Français, - diab%C3%A8te%20insipide%20central

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Diabètes insipides d'origine centrale (ou neurogène).  1, fiche 11, Français, - diab%C3%A8te%20insipide%20central

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Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Design process by which the didactic module is built around the diagnostic one.  1, fiche 12, Anglais, - diagnosis%2Ddriven%20design

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Opportunistic pedagogical strategies favor a diagnosis-driven process where the monitored activities provide a focus for both diagnostic and didactic activities, but diagnosis is the driving force in that it reveals opportunities for tutorial interventions. Indeed, pedagogical goals are associated with diagnostic units such as issues or rules, and their attainment is monitored by differential modeling. Thus the extent to which tutoring is possible is determined by diagnosis, both quantitatively(the proportion of opportunities that are recognised) and qualitatively(the precision with which the reason for each intervention is identified).  1, fiche 12, Anglais, - diagnosis%2Ddriven%20design

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Contrast with didactics-driver design.  2, fiche 12, Anglais, - diagnosis%2Ddriven%20design

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Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Anglais

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An ITS design process by which the diagnostic module is built around the didactic one.  1, fiche 13, Anglais, - didactics%2Ddriven%20design

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Plan-based strategies warrant a didactics-driven design : the main task of diagnosis is to monitor the implementation of teaching plans that embody pedagogical goals. These plans provide a focus for diagnostic activities in the form of predictions about future states, with the consequence that differential modeling is performed in terms of plan-based expectations. This may imply a need to explain differences in terms of plan failures so that revisions can be made.  1, fiche 13, Anglais, - didactics%2Ddriven%20design

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