TERMIUM Plus^®

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Peter Smith of the University of Arizona, Tucson, is the team leader for Phoenix. Once landed, the probe would be able to make a very accurate analysis of what promises to be some of Mars’ more habitable terrain... In addition to Smith's stereo imaging camera and robotic arm [, ] the Phoenix lander includes an instrument suite designed to completely characterize the accessible ice, soil, rock, and local atmosphere using state-of-the-art methods. Included within the instrument payload are microscopic imaging systems capable of examining materials at scales down to 10 nanometers(i. e., 1000 times less than the width of a human hair), while others will investigate whether organic molecules are contained in ice or soil samples.... Also onboard is a thermal and evolved gas analyzer(TEGA)...  1, fiche 1, Anglais, - Phoenix

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Français

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Le nom Phœnix vient de la mythologie, cela veut dire «qui renaît de ses cendres». C'est aussi le nom de la ville Phœnix en Arizona aux USA, qui avait déjà construit l'atterrisseur.  1, fiche 1, Français, - Ph%26oelig%3Bnix

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Anglais

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[A] type of canister that sprays an aerosol.  2, fiche 2, Anglais, - aerosol%20spray

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This type of spray can is a canister containing liquid under pressure from pressurized vapor in equilibrium with another liquid, which often also dissolves the payload. When the can's valve is opened, the liquid is forced out of a small hole and emerges as an aerosol or mist. As gas expands to drive out the payload, some propellant evaporates inside the can to maintain an even pressure. Outside the can, the droplets of propellant evaporate rapidly, leaving the payload suspended as very fine particles or droplets.  2, fiche 2, Anglais, - aerosol%20spray

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Système ou appareil qui pulvérise [les] particules [colloïdales solides ou liquides].  1, fiche 2, Français, - a%C3%A9rosol

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Le terme «aérosol» peut désigner le type de pulvérisateur ou le produit qui est à l'intérieur.  3, fiche 2, Français, - a%C3%A9rosol

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Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Anglais

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An inflatable sphere released at apogee from a sounding rocket.  4, fiche 3, Anglais, - ROBIN%20sphere

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robin sphere. ... The sphere is inflated by evaporation of a contained liquid on release. A corner reflector is ejected as the sphere inflates, permitting track during descent by a precision radar.  4, fiche 3, Anglais, - ROBIN%20sphere

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The PWN-12A is another sounding rocket using ... a dart with a ROBIN (Rocket Balloon Instrument) Inflatable Falling Sphere payload. At an apogee of about 115 km (70 miles), the dart releases a ... metalized mylar balloon ... While it is slowly descending back to earth, the balloon is tracked by a high-precision radar ... on the ground. Minimum tracking altitude is about 30 km (18 miles), where the ambient pressure will cause the balloon to collapse. Using the balloon’s known mass and volume, the radar track can be used to calculate atmospheric data like wind speed/direction and air density.  2, fiche 3, Anglais, - ROBIN%20sphere

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The other type of meteorological payload that can be used on a meteorological rocket consists of a falling ROBIN sphere that is used when probing the atmosphere to over 100 km altitude. These altitudes are above the normal operating levels for the thermistors aboard the rocketsonde.... This ROBIN sphere is a spherical shaped balloon constructed of a thin(0. 0001 mm thick) radar-reflective mylar material that is inflated with a small charge of inert gas to a known mass and volume. The dart containing the sphere typically reaches an altitude of 115 km where the sphere is deployed and inflated. When the sphere is inflated to super-pressure of approximately 10-12 mb, the sphere will reach a 1 meter(3. 3. ft) diameter. When the balloon descends to an altitude of approximately 30 km, the air pressure outside the sphere will become greater than that inside, causing the sphere to collapse.  1, fiche 3, Anglais, - ROBIN%20sphere

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Français

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catasphère : Dispositif gonflé après avoir été éjecté d'une fusée à haute altitude; ses mouvements sont suivis au cours de sa chute pour obtenir des mesures de la densité de l'air et des vents en altitude.  2, fiche 3, Français, - catasph%C3%A8re%20ROBIN

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Espagnol

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esfera en caída libre: Dispositivo que se infla después de ser expulsado de un cohete en la atmósfera superior, obteniéndose medidas de la densidad y de los vientos en las capas superiores al seguir sus movimientos durante su caída libre hacia la Tierra.  1, fiche 3, Espagnol, - ROBIN

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The Automated Transfer Vehicle (ATV) is a European cargo supply vehicle to be used for the International Space Station (ISS). It will be launched by an Ariane-5 Rocket from Kourou in French Guiana. The first ATV is scheduled to be launched to the ISS in 2003. The European Space Agency (ESA) is to launch 9 Ariane-5’s between 2003 and 2014 carrying ATV’s. Each 20 tonne ATV will be placed in 300 km, 51.6 degrees orbit and will then manoeuvre to rendezvous and dock with the ISS. The ATV will provide unpressurized cargo, including propellant and cargo stored in its pressurized compartment including payloads and experiments. The ATV will also provide an orbital reboosting capability for the ISS and will later be filled with trash and waste which will be disposed of during a controlled, destructive re-entry.  5, fiche 4, Anglais, - automatic%20transfer%20vehicle

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The ATV can carry a total cargo of up to 9 t which can consist of : up to 5. 5 t of dry cargo(re-supply goods, scientific payload, etc.) up to 840 kg of water and gas up to 860 kg of propellant for refueling the Station up to 4 t of propellant for the "reboost" manoeuvre.  10, fiche 4, Anglais, - automatic%20transfer%20vehicle

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[The] "Jules Verne," the automated transfer vehicle [will serve] as Europe’s space truck to the ISS ...  11, fiche 4, Anglais, - automatic%20transfer%20vehicle

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automatic transfer vehicle; space truck; ATV: terms and abbreviation officially approved by the International Space Station official approval Group (ISSOAG).  12, fiche 4, Anglais, - automatic%20transfer%20vehicle

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European, Russian space truck.  12, fiche 4, Anglais, - automatic%20transfer%20vehicle

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Français

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L'ATV [...] est le prolongement de l'étage supérieur d'une Ariane 5. Il se présente donc sous la forme d'un cylindre de 5,45 mètres de diamètre sur 1,5 mètre de longueur. Il est équipé en standard d'un module de propulsion composé de huit petits moteurs à réaction et d'un module d'avionique qui intègre les réservoirs d'ergols, les circuits électroniques ainsi que les systèmes de régularisation thermique, de production d'énergie et de télécommunications. [...] L'ATV, équipé de ses moteurs et d'une capacité d'ergols accrue, sera aussi utilisé pour effectuer les modifications d'orbite de la station [...] c'est-à-dire les rehaussements d'orbite destinés à en compenser l'usure.  8, fiche 4, Français, - v%C3%A9hicule%20de%20transfert%20automatique

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[Le] premier cargo automatique vers la Station spatiale internationale [...] s'appellera «Jules Verne» et décollera à bord d'une Ariane 5 en 2004. Le cargo automatique (ATV) a une masse de 20 tonnes. Il aura trois fonctions principales : cargo, propulseur d'appoint, élimination des déchets. L'ATV amènera 7,5 tonnes de nourriture, d'eau, de gaz, de carburant. Il sera arrimé à l'ISS durant six mois [et] servira de poubelle. Puis l'ATV rentrera brutalement dans l'atmosphère pour brûler dans les hautes couches de l'atmosphère, au-dessus de l'océan Pacifique. [...] L'ATV pourrait servir de barge de sauvetage pour l'équipage de l'ISS. C'est un scénario qui est étudié en ce moment par la NASA.  5, fiche 4, Français, - v%C3%A9hicule%20de%20transfert%20automatique

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Trois configurations de base sont prévues pour l'ATV. Il peut notamment recevoir un mini-module logistique pressurisé (MPLM), une coque porteuse et deux palettes logistiques non pressurisées (ULC), ou un module pressurisé en plus d'une structure porte-réservoir ouverte.  8, fiche 4, Français, - v%C3%A9hicule%20de%20transfert%20automatique

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L'ATV consiste en deux modules : un module propulseur, et un module cargo.  9, fiche 4, Français, - v%C3%A9hicule%20de%20transfert%20automatique

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véhicule de transfert automatique; camion spatial; ATV : termes et abréviation uniformisés par le Groupe de travail de la terminologie de la Station spatiale internationale (GTTSSI).  10, fiche 4, Français, - v%C3%A9hicule%20de%20transfert%20automatique

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La capacité d'emport de l'ATV.  10, fiche 4, Français, - v%C3%A9hicule%20de%20transfert%20automatique

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L'ATV en configuration de poussée, en configuration de transfert de matériaux.  10, fiche 4, Français, - v%C3%A9hicule%20de%20transfert%20automatique

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The Binary Colloidal Alloy Test-3 is an Exploration Systems’ transition flight experiment in the Human System Research and Technology area. BCAT-3 provides a unique opportunity to explore fundamental physics and simultaneously develop important future technology, including computers operating on light, complex biomolecular pharmaceuticals, clean sources of geothermal power, and novel rocket engines for interplanetary travel. These studies depend entirely on the microgravity environment provided by the International Space Station (ISS); in all other locations accessible to science, gravity dominates and precludes investigation of any other effects of interest. The experiment itself [consists of] photographing samples of colloidal particles with a digital camera onboard the ISS. Colloids are tiny nanoscale spheres of plexiglass a thousand times smaller than the width of a human hair (submicron radius) that are suspended in a fluid. They are ubiquitous (e.g., milk, smoke, and paint) and therefore interesting to study directly. Colloids are also small enough that they behave much like atoms and so can be used to model all sorts of phenomena because their size, shape, and interactions can be controlled. The 10 samples in BCAT-3 are made from the same ingredients, each a recipe with different proportions, and are grouped into three experiments: critical point, binary alloy, and surface crystallization. [Text followed by an illustration of a BCAT-3 sample holder.]  4, fiche 5, Anglais, - binary%20alloy%20colloidal%20test

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BCAT-3 is comprised of three separate experiments, which are individually referred to as a binary alloy(BCAT-3-BA), surface crystallization(BCAT-3-SC) and critical point(BCAT-3-CP). The critical point investigation is continuing with additional samples on future ISS [International Space Station] expeditions and will be referred to as Binary Colloidal Alloy Test-4. BCAT-4 will consist of two sets of samples referred to as BCAT-3 and 4 : Critical Point(BCAT-3-4-CP) and BCAT-4 : Polydisperse(BCAT-4-Poly).... The Binary Colloidal Alloy Test-3(BCAT-3) hardware supported three investigations in which ISS crews photographed samples of colloidal particles(tiny nanoscale spheres suspended in liquid) to document liquid/gas phase changes, growth of binary crystals, and the formation of colloidal crystals confined to a surface. Colloids are small enough that in a microgravity environment without sedimentation and convection, they behave much as atoms and so can be used to model all sorts of phenomena because their size, shape, and interactions can be controlled. The BCAT-3 payload consists of ten small samples of colloid alloys in which the microscopic colloid particles are mixed together into a liquid. These ten samples are contained within a small case that is the size of a school textbook. At the start of an experiment run, all ten samples are shaken to completely remix the colloid samples, much in the same way that salad dressing must be shaken to remix oil and vinegar. After the samples are mixed, what remains is periodically photographed using a digital camera until the colloid and liquid components of those samples have separated or the polymers have formed crystals. The samples can be remixed to repeat the experiment. The ten samples in BCAT-3 were selected as part of three separate experiments examining different physical processes : critical point, binary alloys, and surface crystallization.  5, fiche 5, Anglais, - binary%20alloy%20colloidal%20test

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Français

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Contexte: recherches en microgravité sur les structures colloïdales; test avec alliages binaires (c'est-à-dire composés de deux éléments) mis à l'état colloïdal.  2, fiche 5, Français, - test%20BACT

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test BACT (croissance d'alliages binaires à partir de particules colloïdales en suspension) : il faut articuler le syntagme pour rendre compte de la réalité du texte où il est question de la croissance de cristaux binaires qui se développent à partir de particules colloïdales en suspension dans un liquide.  1, fiche 5, Français, - test%20BACT

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Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The payload of the(DS-4/ST-4) Champollion comet lander(cancelled July 1999) was as follows : CIRCLE(near-field camera, microscope, IR spectrometer)(Yelle), ISIS(stereo panoramic camera)(Bibring), CHAMPAGNE(GRS)(d’Uston), CHARGE(Chemical Analysis of Released Gas Experiment-GCMS)(Mahaffy), CPPP(Comet Physical Properties Package)(Ahrens), CONSERT(Kofman)(while still part of Rosetta), Sample return(studied briefly).  2, fiche 6, Anglais, - near%2Dfield%20camera%2C%20microscope%2C%20IR%20spectrometer

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Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Anglais

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[The] EMCS consists of a gas tight incubator containing two centrifuges with space for 4 Experiment Containers on each rotor; also the life support and water supply system, the illumination and the observation system are located on the rotors. External to the incubator are the Standard Payload Computer(SPLC), the gas supply module and the thermal control system. The flight unit is accommodated in an EXPRESS Rack on the International Space Station. Ground controls will be performed in dedicated Experiment Reference Models, one located in Europe, the other at NASA Ames Research Center.  3, fiche 7, Anglais, - European%20modular%20cultivation%20system

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[The] EMCS is dedicated to experiments on plants, especially multi-generation (seed-to-seed) experiments and studies on gravity effects on early development and growth, on signal perception and transduction in plant tropisms. Experiments with insects or amphibia as well as studies with cell and tissue cultures are also foreseen in EMCS.  3, fiche 7, Anglais, - European%20modular%20cultivation%20system

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European modular cultivation system; EMCS: term and abbreviation officially approved by the International Space Station official approval Group (ISSOAG).  4, fiche 7, Anglais, - European%20modular%20cultivation%20system

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[Le] European Modular Cultivation System (EMCS) [est] destiné à l'étude biologique des plantes (croissance, développement, influence de la microgravité).  2, fiche 7, Français, - module%20europ%C3%A9en%20d%27%C3%A9tude%20biologique%20des%20plantes

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module européen d'étude biologique des plantes; EMCS : terme et abréviation uniformisés par le Groupe de travail de la terminologie de la Station spatiale internationale (GTTSSI).  1, fiche 7, Français, - module%20europ%C3%A9en%20d%27%C3%A9tude%20biologique%20des%20plantes

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Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The payload module is essentially a large cryostat with a toroidal tank which contained at launch, over 2000 litres of super fluid helium.... Some of the infrared detectors are directly coupled to the helium tank and are at a temperature of around 2K. All other units are cooled by means of the cold boil-off gas from the liquid helium.  2, fiche 8, Anglais, - boil%2Doff%20gas

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Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The Electrostatic Levitation Furnace(ELF)... is a Materials Research Facility that uses electrostatic levitation for containerless sample processing. Laser heating provides for sample heating to temperatures of up to 2000, ºC(3632ºF) in a gas atmosphere or under vacuum. Observation is provided by a pyrometer, a thermal imaging system and a video camera. ELF will occupy a sub-rack portion of an ISPR [International Standard Payload Rack].  2, fiche 9, Anglais, - electrostatic%20levitation%20furnace

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This is a NASDA Space Station Facility that will be located in the Japanese Experiment Module.  3, fiche 9, Anglais, - electrostatic%20levitation%20furnace

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electrostatic levitation furnace; ELF: term and abbreviation officially approved by the International Space Station official approval Group (ISSOAG).  4, fiche 9, Anglais, - electrostatic%20levitation%20furnace

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Français

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[Le] four à sustentation électrostatique [sert à] l'établissement des propriétés thermophysiques et structurales de semi-conducteurs et de métaux.  1, fiche 9, Français, - four%20%C3%A0%20sustentation%20%C3%A9lectrostatique

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four à sustentation électrostatique; ELF : terme et abréviation uniformisés par le Groupe de travail de la terminologie de la Station spatiale internationale (GTTSSI).  2, fiche 9, Français, - four%20%C3%A0%20sustentation%20%C3%A9lectrostatique

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Vacuum Exhaust System(Waste Gas). All of the laboratory modules contain the plumbing to support a waste gas exhaust system that is vented to space. A 2. 5 cm(1 in) diameter gas line connected to this exhaust system is provided at each of the ISPR [International Standard Payload Rack] locations. The waste gas system is a shared and scheduled resource that can only be operated at one ISPR location within each module at a time. This requirement is to prevent cross contamination of payloads and incompatible mixtures of waste gas constituents. The types of waste gas constituents allowed must be compatible with the wetted materials of the module waste gas system.  2, fiche 10, Anglais, - cross%20contamination

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cross contamination: term officially approved by the International Space Station official approval Group (ISSOAG).  3, fiche 10, Anglais, - cross%20contamination

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Français

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contamination croisée : terme uniformisé par le Groupe de travail de la terminologie de la Station spatiale internationale (GTTSSI).  1, fiche 10, Français, - contamination%20crois%C3%A9e

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Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Vacuum Exhaust System(Waste Gas). All of the laboratory modules contain the plumbing to support a waste gas exhaust system that is vented to space. A 2. 5 cm(1 in.) diameter gas line connected to this exhaust system is provided at each of the ISPR [International Standard Payload Racks] locations. The pressure allowed into the waste gas line is 275. 8 kPa(40 psia). The temperature of the exhaust waste gas is allowed to be be between 15. 6-45°C(60-113°F). The waste gas system can reach pressures of 1 x 10 [minus³] torr(1. 9 x 10^{minus 5} psia) in less than two hours for a single payload volume of 100 liters(3. 5 ft³) at an initial pressure of 101. 4 kPa(14. 7 psia). The waste gas system is a shared and scheduled resource that can only be operated at one ISPR location within each module at a time. This requirement is to prevent cross contamination of payloads and incompatible mixtures of waste gas constituents. The types of waste gas constituents allowed must be compatible with the wetted materials of the module waste gas system.  3, fiche 11, Anglais, - waste%20gas%20exhaust%20system

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waste gas exhaust system: term officially approved by the International Space Station official approval Group (ISSOAG).  4, fiche 11, Anglais, - waste%20gas%20exhaust%20system

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Module waste gas system.  5, fiche 11, Anglais, - waste%20gas%20exhaust%20system

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Français

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système d'évacuation des gaz usés : terme uniformisé par le Groupe de travail de la terminologie de la Station spatiale internationale (GTTSSI).  1, fiche 11, Français, - syst%C3%A8me%20d%27%C3%A9vacuation%20des%20gaz%20us%C3%A9s

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Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The Get Away Special (GAS) Program was initiated by NASA in the mid-seventies to provide a diverse user community with extremely low cost access to space. Since 1982, 157 GAS payloads have flown aboard the STS. In 1998 alone, 16 GAS payloads flew on 5 different STS missions. The GAS carrier consists of a canister (5 ft3) which can accommodate customer equipment in a volume 19.75 inches in diameter and 28.25 inches high. The customer equipment can weigh up to 200 lbs. and attaches to the canister top plate. A smaller (2.5 ft3) canister is also available for 60 and 100 lb. payloads. Electrical connection is via customer supplied cables to the GAS electrical interface on the canister bottom plate. Bumpers on the customer equipment provide lateral support. Provisions are made for insertion of purge gas into the canister and for venting a customer battery box.  3, fiche 12, Anglais, - get%20away%20special%20payload

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get away special payload; GAS payload : terms officially approved by the International Space Station official approval Group.  4, fiche 12, Anglais, - get%20away%20special%20payload

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Petites charges utiles placées dans la soute de la navette. Elles sont autonomes, automatisées, dotées de leur propre bloc d'alimentation ainsi que de leur propre unité de commande et d'acquisition de données.  1, fiche 12, Français, - charge%20utile%20%C2%ABGet%20Away%20Special%C2%BB

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charge utile «Get Away Special»; charge utile GAS : termes uniformisés par le Groupe d'uniformisation de la terminologie de la Station spatiale internationale.  2, fiche 12, Français, - charge%20utile%20%C2%ABGet%20Away%20Special%C2%BB

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Espagnol