TERMIUM Plus^®

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

As intelligent systems, e-coaches exhibit abilities similar to those of their human counterparts : sensing(observing, listening, questioning), learning(acquiring knowledge, understanding), and actuating(reasoning, clarifying, advising). An e-coach can observe, reason about, learn from, and predict a user's behavior to provide tailored and effective guidance to reach an individual' s goal.  4, fiche 1, Anglais, - digital%20coach

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

digital coach; virtual coach; electronic coach; e-coach: designations validated by a Canadian subject-matter expert from the Université de Montréal and the Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal.  5, fiche 1, Anglais, - digital%20coach

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[La] recherche [a été] effectuée auprès d'une enseignante en classe spécialisée et de ses six élèves de niveau primaire présentant un TSA [trouble du spectre de l'autisme] et un trouble d'apprentissage (TA). Un accompagnateur virtuel créé à partir d'applications disponibles sur [une] tablette [électronique] a été utilisé pour améliorer l'autonomie lors des travaux en classe. [...] Les résultats montrent que deux des élèves ont augmenté de façon significative leur autonomie lors des tâches scolaires. Des gains ont également été observés [en matière de] communication pour quatre élèves.  1, fiche 1, Français, - accompagnateur%20virtuel

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

accompagnateur virtuel : désignation validée par un spécialiste canadien de l'Université de Montréal et du Centre de recherche interdisciplinaire en réadaptation du Montréal métropolitain.  3, fiche 1, Français, - accompagnateur%20virtuel

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] se diseñaron diferentes tipos de escenarios virtuales en la plataforma [...], que permiten al usuario comprenderla, interactuar con ella y realizar una rutina con diferentes tipos de movimientos programados previamente, adicional a esto, tener una realimentación ofrecida por un avatar que copia los movimientos en tiempo real, y una guía de cada movimiento ofrecida por un instructor virtual.  1, fiche 1, Espagnol, - instructor%20virtual

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Spontaneous physical activity(SPA) is physical activity not motivated by a rewarding goal... SPA should be thought of as all physical activity behavior that emanates from an unconscious drive for movement. An example of this may be restless behavior, which can include fidgeting and gesticulating, frequent sit-to-stand movement, and more time spent standing and moving.  2, fiche 2, Anglais, - spontaneous%20physical%20activity

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Inverse reinforcement learning is an unsupervised learning method where the agent tries to learn what goal or objectives an expert is trying to achieve by observing their behavior.  3, fiche 3, Anglais, - inverse%20reinforcement%20learning

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

En apprentissage par renforcement inverse, l'agent observe le comportement d'un autre agent (souvent humain) pour tenter de déterminer quelle est la fonction de récompense de ce dernier.  3, fiche 3, Français, - apprentissage%20par%20renforcement%20inverse

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

An ecovillage is a traditional or intentional community with the goal of becoming more socially, culturally, economically, and/or ecologically sustainable. An ecovillage strives to produce the least possible negative impact on the natural environment through intentional physical design and resident behavior choices.... It is consciously designed through locally owned, participatory processes to regenerate and restore its social and natural environments.... Ecovillagers are united by shared ecological, social-economic and cultural-spiritual values.  3, fiche 4, Anglais, - ecovillage

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les écovillages sont un mode de vie alternatif[. Il] s'agit de communautés situées surtout dans les zones rurales. Les habitants suivent des principes écologiques et tentent de s'affranchir des services centralisés comme l'eau, les aliments de supermarché, les énergies fossiles[,] etc. L'idée principale est de mener une vie en harmonie avec leur environnement social, écologique, économique et culturel.  2, fiche 4, Français, - %C3%A9covillage

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A value stream is an end-to-end collection of activities that creates a result for a customer. The value stream has a clear goal : to satisfy or to delight the customer.... A value chain disaggregates a firm into its strategically relevant activities in order to understand the behavior of costs and the existing and potential sources of differentiation. It enables the firm to gain a competitive advantage by performing these strategic activities more cheaply or better than its competitors.... the BA [business architecture] is composed of integrated value streams.... With a business architecture built with integrated value streams, you can build a value chain...  2, fiche 5, Anglais, - value%20stream

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Vous avez démarré une démarche d'amélioration continue et vous ne voyez pas encore de résultats financiers tangibles. Ou encore, vous comptez en démarrer une. Dans un cas comme dans l'autre, si vous souhaitez rentabiliser au plus vite votre temps et celui de vos collaborateurs, vous devez prioriser vos activités d'amélioration continue. La solution? Faire un plan d'amélioration avec la cartographie de la chaîne de valeur [...] Grâce à ce cours, soyez enfin capable de voir les flux de valeur complets de votre organisation [...] avec des lunettes à valeur ajoutée.  1, fiche 5, Français, - flux%20de%20valeur

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The behavior of someone seeking to find the route to a goal.  1, fiche 6, Anglais, - provisional%20try

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

In behavior therapy, the utilization of role playing by therapist and patient with the goal of helping the patient overcome deficits in interpersonal behavior.  1, fiche 7, Anglais, - behavioral%20rehearsal

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ambient behavior, or withdrawal, liable to increase distance between the subject and a goal(a physical object, a social partner or a situation).  2, fiche 8, Anglais, - avoidance%20behavior

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Barriers on the way to the goal play a part in avoidance. The intensity of the avoidance behavior is a function of the distance to the goal(avoidance gradient). Avoidance can be a learned reaction to specific situations. It is also... interpreted as an inner ego-protective process(Freud), as an inner process for removal of possibly threatening cognitive patterns, of specially tabooed words... and for protection against painful and persistent stimulation...  2, fiche 8, Anglais, - avoidance%20behavior

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cette peur [angoisse d'anticipation] engendre fréquemment un comportement d'évitement, c'est-à-dire un refus de fréquenter à nouveau les mêmes endroits [il s'agit d'un agoraphobe].  3, fiche 8, Français, - comportement%20d%27%C3%A9vitement

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 PHR

faire disparaître le comportement d'évitement.  4, fiche 8, Français, - comportement%20d%27%C3%A9vitement

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The impact of an effective goal-setting program is to direct the player's attention and behavior, provide motivation to develop strategies for goal achievement, increase interest and prolong activity.  2, fiche 9, Anglais, - goal%2Dsetting%20program

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Évaluer les progrès dans la réalisation des buts. Ceci nécessite que les stratégies d'évaluation soient initialement prévues avec le programme de fixation de buts.  1, fiche 9, Français, - programme%20de%20fixation%20de%20buts

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

CEDAR is a broad-based, community-initiated, upper atmospheric research program. The goal is to understand the behavior of atmospheric regions from the middle atmosphere upward through the thermosphere and ionosphere into the exosphere in terms of coupling, energetics, chemistry, and dynamics on regional and global scales. These processes are related to the sources of perturbations that propagate upward from the lower atmosphere as well as to solar radiation and particle inputs from above. The activities within this program combine observations, theory and modeling.  2, fiche 10, Anglais, - Coupling%2C%20Energetics%20and%20Dynamics%20of%20Atmospheric%20Regions

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

In Carr's system of functionalism, the basic unit of behavior involving a motivating stimulus and a sensory situation leading the animal to make responses which reinforce behavior leading to a goal and thus satisfying the motivating condition.  2, fiche 11, Anglais, - adaptive%20act

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the authoritarian leader was trained to exhibit a consistent pattern of behavior which included determining all policy for group members, dictating the methods and stages of goal attainment one step at a time, actively directing the actions and interactions of group members, and praising in a personal manner.  2, fiche 12, Anglais, - authoritarian%20leader

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On trouve quatre types d'animateurs de discussion. Le patron. On appelle ainsi l'animateur qui se considère plus ou moins comme le gardien de l'autorité et de la discipline. Il déclare ses objectifs, distribue les tâches, prend les décisions et exige l'obéissance. Il domine le groupe par son prestige ou son autorité [...]  3, fiche 12, Français, - animateur%20autoritaire

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[...] il y a antinomie entre les mots animateur et autoritaire.  1, fiche 12, Français, - animateur%20autoritaire

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

My research focuses on the study of consumer choice behavior. I develop formal representations of models of how consumers make brand purchase decisions in competitive environments. My goal is to expand our understanding of how consumer choice is influenced by psychological and environmental factors that arise in real-world settings.  1, fiche 13, Anglais, - consumer%20choice%20behavior

Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 14,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Developmental characteristics of the adolescent, examination of antecedents of behavior with a goal of better understanding of this age group.  1, fiche 14, Anglais, - antecedents%20of%20behavior

Fiche 14,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 14,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 15,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A series of steps or progressions, each in turn, coming closer to a goal performance. Units, ordered in a manner so that each comes closer to a goal than the previous unit. Shaping involves reinforcing successive approximations to a goal behavior.  1, fiche 15, Anglais, - successive%20approximations

Fiche 15,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

En intelligence artificielle, résolution de problèmes par approximations successives.  1, fiche 15, Français, - approximations%20successives

Fiche 15,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 16,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The goal of having an implemented process model of expertise is an interesting constraint for the definition of the subject matter. For a model to be operational, knowledge cannot be merely enunciated and explained : it must be put to work. Thus, all the knowledge critical to the target behavior has to be captured in the model of expertise, including the knowledge required for appropriately using knowledge. The fact that this model must be able to solve the same problems the student will eventually learn to solve ensures that, at some level of epistemic fidelity, it is complete.  3, fiche 16, Anglais, - process%20model

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 CONT

In the representation of the subject matter, process models have been used to simulate two types of processes: 1) to model the phenomena the student has to understand, such as electronic circuits in SOPHIE and rainfall in WHY, 2) to model parts of the actual reasoning process the student learns to perform (ACTP tutors).  3, fiche 16, Anglais, - process%20model

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 3 CONT

... the ideal component of the process model contains plans that describe how more complex tasks can be accomplished using a sequence of simpler tasks and commands, and have been implemented as a hierarchy of frames.  4, fiche 16, Anglais, - process%20model

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 4 CONT

... a process model of the student’s decision making....  4, fiche 16, Anglais, - process%20model

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Compare to mental state and mental models. See knowledge state.  5, fiche 16, Anglais, - process%20model

Fiche 16,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Voir modélisation de processus, modèle quantitatif et modèle qualitatif.  1, fiche 16, Français, - mod%C3%A8le%20de%20processus

Fiche 16,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 17,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The process of forming and updating the student model by analyzing data made available to the system. Detailed diagnosis usually requires search, whether the system is trying to reconstruct a goal structure to interpret the student's behavior or attempting to model his knowledge.  2, fiche 17, Anglais, - cognitive%20diagnosis

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Term used in preference to "student modeling", because less restrictive: students are not the only human beings who can be diagnosed, and a model is not the only possible kind of diagnosis. [cf. AIEDU, 1987, vol.1, p. 205, note 2.  3, fiche 17, Anglais, - cognitive%20diagnosis

Fiche 17,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Représentation de l'état cognitif de l'apprenant réalisée par le module pédagogique du système EIAO à l'issue d'une session.  2, fiche 17, Français, - diagnostic%20cognitif

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 DEF

Fonction d'un tutoriel intelligent de dépister les erreurs d'apprentissage, les méprises, et les difficultés rencontrées par l'élève lors d'une session EIAO, grâce à une représentation de l'état cognitif de l'élève, et à la mise à jour systématique de cette représentation.  3, fiche 17, Français, - diagnostic%20cognitif

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

À partir du comportement de l'élève, le système infère l'état cognitif de celui-ci et identifie les méprises ou idées fausses à rectifier.  4, fiche 17, Français, - diagnostic%20cognitif

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Ce diagnostic est fonction du modèle de l'apprenant intégré au tutoriel et des performances réalisées par l'apprenant au cours de la session et enregistrées dans la base de faits. Voir aussi : état cognitif, fonctionnement cognitif [CTN, Paris, 1991].  5, fiche 17, Français, - diagnostic%20cognitif

Fiche 17,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 18,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

One important type of goal behavior is the early termination of a subgoal, either because a state has been achieved that satisfies a prior goal or because the subgoal is the same as a supergoal.  1, fiche 18, Anglais, - goal%20behavior

Fiche 18,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 18,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 19,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A leader's helping his subordinate understand the kind of behavior that will lead to goal accomplishment and valued rewards.  1, fiche 19, Anglais, - path%20clarification

Fiche 19,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 19,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 20,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Views motivation as a process governing choices. In this model, a person who has a goal weighs the likelihood that various behaviors will achieve that goal and is likely to select the behavior that is expected to be most successful.  1, fiche 20, Anglais, - expectancy%20motivation%20model

Fiche 20,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 20,  Justifications,  Espagnol