TERMIUM Plus^®

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The goal of antimicrobial susceptibility testing is to predict the in vivo success or failure of antibiotic therapy. Tests are performed in vitro, and measure the growth response of an isolated organism to a particular drug or drugs. The tests are performed under standardized conditions so that the results are reproducible. The test results should be used to guide antibiotic choice. The results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing should be combined with clinical information and experience when selecting the most appropriate antibiotic for your patient.  3, fiche 1, Anglais, - antimicrobial%20susceptibility%20testing

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The emergence and dissemination of resistance has made it imperative for laboratories to use in vitro tests that can detect resistance. The concept of antimicrobial resistance testing (ART) should replace antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST). ART requires flexibility in testing systems and current AST methods are often handicapped. This is due to an over emphasis on standardization, not accounting for the diversity and complexity of resistance mechanisms.  2, fiche 1, Anglais, - antimicrobial%20susceptibility%20testing

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Test de laboratoire permettant de déterminer le degré de sensibilité d'un micro-organisme donné à un agent antimicrobien donné.  3, fiche 1, Français, - test%20de%20sensibilit%C3%A9%20aux%20antimicrobiens

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les résultats des tests de sensibilité aux antimicrobiens sont notamment utilisés pour prédire l'efficacité d'une antibiothérapie.  3, fiche 1, Français, - test%20de%20sensibilit%C3%A9%20aux%20antimicrobiens

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A model of the student’s current state. This is the system’s current understanding of the history, capabilities, knowledge, goals and motivation of the student it is teaching.  6, fiche 2, Anglais, - student%20model

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That part of a teaching program which provides it with information about the student using it.  7, fiche 2, Anglais, - student%20model

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

We generally think of a student model as an evolving description of what the student knows about the subject domain. [...] This dynamic process is based on various sources of evidence and ways to reason about the evidence, involving considerations like measures of a priori difficulty, structural relationships in the knowledge base, and common sense reasoning.  5, fiche 2, Anglais, - student%20model

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Another student-controlled means of sharing status information is through the student profile. At the start of a tutorial session the student specifies whether he wishes to be told about conclusions being made by the expert program... in the course of the dialogue. He can request nothing, ask for full information, or simply request a "hint, "... The components of the profile are : Student Sophistication... Failure or Success of D-rules... Rule Conclusions... Final Goal Conclusions... Lesson Plan... Debugging....  8, fiche 2, Anglais, - student%20model

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

It can be descriptive or simulative, or a combination of the two. Each of its submodels - behavioral, epistemic, and individual - plays a distinct role in the continuity of the communication process.  8, fiche 2, Anglais, - student%20model

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Composante d'un tuteur intelligent réunissant l'ensemble des informations sur l'élève.  3, fiche 2, Français, - mod%C3%A8le%20de%20l%27%C3%A9tudiant

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le modèle de l'apprenant : il reflète les connaissances que possède le système sur l'apprenant; il contient en particulier : les connaissances statiques acquises par l'apprenant (base d'objets et de relations), les connaissances dynamiques (règles de comportement des objets), et les connaissances propres à l'apprenant (évaluation de l'apprenant).  2, fiche 2, Français, - mod%C3%A8le%20de%20l%27%C3%A9tudiant

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Le modèle étudiant représente l'histor ique des connaissances de l'apprenant en terme de décisions prises au fur et à mesure d'erreurs commises, de fausses conceptions. Le modèle de l'apprenant évolue constamment et représente la partie dynamique du système à partir de laquelle nous pouvons bâtir une interactivité plus adaptée aux processus d'apprentissage de l'étudiant.  2, fiche 2, Français, - mod%C3%A8le%20de%20l%27%C3%A9tudiant

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

In a learning strategy, analysis by tracing the probable causes of an observed event, such as failure to achieve a goal.  2, fiche 3, Anglais, - causal%20analysis

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Pour une stratégie d'apprentissage donnée, analyse par repérage des causes probables d'un événement observé, tel que l'échec à atteindre un but.  3, fiche 3, Français, - analyse%20causale

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Many conflicts are sparked by a failure to protect human rights, and the trauma that results from severe human rights violations often leads to new human rights violations. As conflict intensifies, hatred accumulates and makes restoration of peace more difficult. In order to stop this cycle of violence, states must institute policies aimed at human rights protection. Many believe that the protection of human rights "is essential to the sustainable achievement of the three agreed global priorities of peace, development and democracy. "Respect for human rights has therefore become an integral part of international law and foreign policy. The specific goal of expanding such rights is to "increase safeguards for the dignity of the person. [  1, fiche 4, Anglais, - human%20rights%20protection

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Exportation et développement Canada accorde une grande importance aux droits de la personne et appuie la protection des droits de la personne reconnus internationalement, conformément aux politiques du gouvernement du Canada.  1, fiche 4, Français, - protection%20des%20droits%20de%20la%20personne

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Feeling associated with the failure to reach an expected goal or reward.  2, fiche 5, Anglais, - frustration

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Anything that prevents you from achieving a goal is likely to give you strong feelings of frustration and conflict.  3, fiche 5, Anglais, - frustration

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Situation qui prive un sujet de la satisfaction d'une pulsion [réalisation d'un but, par exemple].  2, fiche 5, Français, - frustration

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Learning by experimentation includes learning by doing and learning by problem solving.  5, fiche 9, Anglais, - learning%20by%20doing

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Techniques for learning while doing include schemes for nothing loops and unnecessarily longpaths, descends, and failure to progress toward the goal. See "learning from solution paths" and "learning by experimentation".  3, fiche 9, Anglais, - learning%20by%20doing

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Contrast "learning from mistakes".  4, fiche 9, Anglais, - learning%20by%20doing

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Une forme d'apprentissage incrémental en situation de résolution de problèmes.  5, fiche 9, Français, - apprentissage%20par%20la%20pratique

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'apprentissage par l'action est caractérisé par le fait que le sujet acquiert des connaissances dans une situation où il doit : 1) soit résoudre une suite de problèmes appartenant à un même domaine; 2) soit effectuer une suite d'essais pour trouver une solution optimale à un problème donné.  6, fiche 9, Français, - apprentissage%20par%20la%20pratique

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Forma [de aprendizaje basado en] descubrir la mejor manera de alcanzar el resultado deseado o unas soluciones correctas, probando uno o más modos o medios, observando y eliminando los errores o causas de fracaso.  1, fiche 9, Espagnol, - aprendizaje%20por%20ensayo%20y%20error

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Identification of the decisions or operators responsible for the success or failure of achieving a goal.  2, fiche 10, Anglais, - credit%2Fblame%20assignment

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 DEF

In epistemic diagnosis, the task of discovering which knowledge, correct or incorrect, has been used to produce behavior, and which relevant knowledge has been overlooked. This requires the availability of a modeling language and some form of differential modeling, whereby the knowledge used by the student can be compared to that which the expert would have used. The methods used in credit/blame assignment are: model tracing, structural consistency and longitudinal consistency.  3, fiche 10, Anglais, - credit%2Fblame%20assignment

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Repérage des décisions ou des opérateurs déterminant le succès ou l'échec quant à l'atteinte d'un but.  1, fiche 10, Français, - attribution%20de%20cr%C3%A9dit%2Fbl%C3%A2me

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Voir attribution du mérite, attribution du blâme.  1, fiche 10, Français, - attribution%20de%20cr%C3%A9dit%2Fbl%C3%A2me

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A method that analyses a goal failure to determine which variable bindings are responsible.  1, fiche 12, Anglais, - selective%20backtracking

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Espagnol