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The ESA facility MOMO MOrphological transition in transparent MOdel materials is designed to study directional solidification of optically transparent melts. It investigates the effect of gravity on the formation of growth morphologies.  4, fiche 1, Anglais, - ESA%20facility%20MOMO

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The key element of the MOMO experiment assembly is a Bridgman furnace for low temperatures(< 100°C). The furnace generates a temperature gradient over a cylindrical glass ampoule containing the sample. The sample material for the first two flights was a succinonitrile(SCN) based compound, which has solidifying structures similar to those of a metal alloy. The furnace is accommodated on a linear drive, which can be moved over the sample ampoule for directional solidification. An endoscope from the liquid side of the sample provides optical observation of the solid-liquid interface. Recorded images are analysed after the experiment to determine parameters of the solidifying morphological structure.  3, fiche 1, Anglais, - ESA%20facility%20MOMO

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ESA facility MOMO: term officially approved by the International Space Station official approval Group (ISSOAG).  5, fiche 1, Anglais, - ESA%20facility%20MOMO

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[...] l'ESA [European Space Agency] emporte le Biorack et l'expérience MOMO [MOrphological transition in transparent MOdel materials] à bord du Space Hab.  3, fiche 1, Français, - bac%20exp%C3%A9rimental%20MOMO

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bac expérimental MOMO : terme uniformisé par le Groupe de travail de la terminologie de la Station spatiale internationale (GTTSSI).  2, fiche 1, Français, - bac%20exp%C3%A9rimental%20MOMO

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Among the classes of mass-transport phenomena in liquids, thermal diffusion(the Soret effect) is... characterized by the existence of a spontaneous matter flux in an inhomogeneously heated fluid mixture, this flux tending to separate the constituents.... From a more industrial point of view, whenever multiconstituent liquids are submitted to long-lasting temperature gradients, they are liable to experience thermal diffusive flows, modifying the distribution of the species concentration. Among the cases where this effect has been emphasized, we can mention the elaboration of high technology materials(solidification of semiconductors), the production or purification of light metals... and the optimization of petroleum extraction(by modelling of the hydrocarbon distribution in the reservoirs). So, knowledge of quantitative values of the Soret coefficient(which is the parameter characteristic of the phenomenon) for a wide domain of materials, in various thermodynamic conditions and physical configurations is needed for the above-mentioned basic and applied purposes.... The experimental determination of Soret coefficients in binary mixtures, denoted S_T, is obtained by measuring the steady concentration gradient produced by the imposition of a constant and uniform temperature gradient. This concentration gradient achieves a stationary state when thermal diffusion and interdiffusion(which tends to rehomogenize the mixture) exactly compensate each other.  1, fiche 2, Anglais, - Soret%20coefficient

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M. Daguenet, Calcul du flux limite de diffusion en présence d'un gradient thermique sur une surface réactionnelle plane immergée dans une solution en mouvement laminaire. Application à la mesure du coefficient de Soret dans les liquides. C.R.A.S., Paris, 267, pp. 665-668 (1968).  1, fiche 2, Français, - coefficient%20de%20Soret

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Advanced Gradient Heating Facility(AGHF)... The AGHF supports the production of advanced semiconductor materials and alloys using the directional solidification process, which depends on establishing a hot side and a cold side in the sample(a temperature gradient). It provides an extremely stable temperature environment of up to 1, 400°C, high-temperature gradients of up to 100°C/cm in the solidification zone, slow movement of the gradient across a sample to provide slow growth rates, efficient cooling through the use of a liquid metal cooling ring attached to the sample container, and Peltier pulse marking capability. The AGHF consists of three modules mounted in one side of a Spacelab double rack : the Core Facility Module contains the processing chamber with the furnace inside; the Electronics Module contains the controls and equipment necessary to operate the furnace; and the Gas Storage Module contains argon for chamber repressurization and sample cooling.  2, fiche 3, Anglais, - advanced%20gradient%20heating%20facility

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advanced gradient heating facility; AGHF: term and abbreviation officially approved by the International Space Station official approval Group (ISSOAG).  3, fiche 3, Anglais, - advanced%20gradient%20heating%20facility

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Dans les conditions de microgravité de l'espace, il est possible d'éliminer nombre de ces imperfections produites sous l'effet de la pesanteur. Les chercheurs LMS [Laboratoire de mécanique des fluides] ont produit dans le Four perfectionné à gradient (GHF pour Gradient Heating Facility) des matériaux et des alliages de semiconducteurs de pointe selon la technique de la solidification directionnelle qui repose sur l'établissement d'une portion chaude et d'une portion froide à l'intérieur d'un échantillon (gradient de température).  3, fiche 3, Français, - four%20%C3%A0%20gradient%20%C3%A0%20haute%20temp%C3%A9rature

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four à gradient à haute température; AGHF : terme et abréviation uniformisés par le Groupe de travail de la terminologie de la Station spatiale internationale (GTTSSI).  5, fiche 3, Français, - four%20%C3%A0%20gradient%20%C3%A0%20haute%20temp%C3%A9rature

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advanced gradient heating facility : In the area of microgravity sciences and materials processing, six individual experiments, some with many separate runs, were conducted in the Advanced Gradient Heating Facility, a furnace for solidifying alloys and crystals. These experiments yielded information on the physical processes involved in solidification, and the results may help drive the production of advanced semiconductor materials in space and on Earth.  2, fiche 4, Anglais, - small%20advanced%20gradient%20heating%20facility

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D'alliages immiscibles.  1, fiche 5, Français, - solidification%20dirig%C3%A9e

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