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Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Logging tongs are used to grasp the log and hold it fast for skidding over the ground. Tongs are often used for skidding logs a short distance to a staging area for loading on a wagon or sled, and can be a quick-hitch option compared with wrapping a choker chain around the circumference of the log.  3, fiche 1, Anglais, - skidding%20tongs

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tongs: The term "tongs" is plural in form and commonly used with a plural verb, but it can sometimes be used with a singular verb.  4, fiche 1, Anglais, - skidding%20tongs

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Français

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Outil formé de deux branches articulées qui sert au traînage des billes, pouvant être attaché à une chaîne.  3, fiche 1, Français, - pince%20%C3%A0%20grumes

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pinces à grumes : Au pluriel, cette désignation peut être utilisée pour désigner un seul objet.  3, fiche 1, Français, - pince%20%C3%A0%20grumes

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The toggling harpoon head is an Inuit invention that dates back over a thousand years. While all other harpoon heads have barbs to hold fast in an animal' s flesh, the toggling harpoon head is unique in its retention system. Upon entering the body of a seal, walrus, or whale[, ] the harpoon head remains as the harpoon shaft detaches and is pulled back to the hunter.  2, fiche 2, Anglais, - toggling%20harpoon%20head

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Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Any of the jumps, pirouettes or fancy manoeuvres that are part of a water-skiing routine performed on "trick skis," short water skis without a fin and often having rounded bottom and ends to make stunts possible.  3, fiche 3, Anglais, - trick

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Tricks, or "freestyle figures, "are the artistic side of water-skiing. Points are awarded for the degree of difficulty of the manoeuvres, and how fast they are performed. You have two 20-second passes during which to perform as many tricks as you can. There are all kinds of tricks on the official schedule. You can ski backward, spin around, step over the tow rope, hold the handle with your foot, and even use a jumping ramp for somersaults.  2, fiche 3, Anglais, - trick

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Tricks: ... A trick course is approximately 175m long, and is marked at either end by 2 fixed buoys, positioned 15 meters apart. Each contestant is allowed two 20-second passes through the trick course and may perform as many tricks as he/she desires, given the time allotted. At the conclusion of both runs, the skier will record a score that is based [on] the numeric value allocated to each of the successfully performed tricks.  4, fiche 3, Anglais, - trick

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Français

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Chacun des sauts, pirouettes ou manœuvres particulières exécutés en enchaînement au cours d'une routine en ski nautique.  4, fiche 3, Français, - figure

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Les figures font appel au talent artistique des skieurs. Les juges accordent des points selon le degré de difficulté de la figure exécutée et sa vitesse d'exécution. Le compétiteur dispose de 2 essais de 20 secondes durant lesquels il doit faire le plus de figures possible. Le répertoire officiel offre un bon choix : ski arrière, toupie, saut par-dessus le câble, retenue du câble avec le pied et même saut périlleux à partir d'un tremplin.  5, fiche 3, Français, - figure

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Figures : [...] un trajet d'acrobatie mesure environ 175m, et il est marqué par des bouées fixes aux deux extrémités, placées à quinze mètres l'une de l'autre; chaque concurrent est autorisé à parcourir le trajet de vingt secondes à deux reprises et exécuter autant d'acrobaties qu'il le désire pendant le temps alloué; à la fin des deux parcours, le skieur doit enregistrer un score basé sur la note attribuée à chacune des acrobaties réussies.  3, fiche 3, Français, - figure

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Originally, electronic cigarettes were three-part devices, made up of a battery, an atomizer and cartridge, which was filled with e-liquid.... the design had some flaws. Working with three different components proved somewhat tricky for some, and a lot of people complained about leaks when using or refilling the cartridges. But, like in any successful industry, things evolved pretty fast, and soon designers came up with a solution that made using e-cigarettes a lot easier. They decided to compress the atomizer and cartridge into a single unit, that eliminated leaking problems almost completely, was able to hold significantly more e-liquid, and was easy to screw on to the battery. This hybrid was called the cartomizer, from the two parts combined to create it(the cartridge and the atomizer).  1, fiche 4, Anglais, - cartomizer

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Français

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Un cartomiseur, c'est un système «deux-en-un» où l'atomiseur est directement inséré dans la cartouche.  1, fiche 4, Français, - cartomiseur

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Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Anglais

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An electronic hand-held weather recording device used, for instance, by car racing teams, sailors, farmers, outdoor and weather enthusiasts.  4, fiche 5, Anglais, - hand%20held%20weather%20station

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... hand held weather stations take about every weather factor into consideration. ... Very sophisticated ones not only measure weather conditions every second but make E.T. or throttle stop predictions every 4 seconds. A sophisticated drag racing weather station will allow you to store data on as many as 256 previous runs and performs an analysis to give you a prediction based on the weather conditions instantly. It can keep and use separate databases for separate vehicles, tracks, or classes. Some of the really sophisticated stations have a prediction deviation function [which] gives a reliability value of the prediction. It gives you a margin of error based on the information in the database that you chose. Within the last few years, windmeters have been added to the weather station box of tricks.  1, fiche 5, Anglais, - hand%20held%20weather%20station

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The Kestrel line of wind meters or anemometers... in less than 60 seconds, provide the answer to the major spraying season question that haunts producers each morning :"How windy is it?" The Kestrel 1000... gives a fast answer to wind speed average and gusts.... the model 2000 will add temperature and for those really cold days on the sprayer, add wind chill to that list. The 3000 adds humidity, dew point and heat stress index.... But for an all out weather station you can hold in the palm of your hand, the Kestrel 4000 provides all of this, in addition to wet bulb, altitude, air density and barometric pressure. Most importantly, 250 of these readings can be recorded in the device's memory and later transferred to the farm computer.... Michael Naughton of Nielsen Keller-man said the company released the 1000 in 1999 with the intention of it being a tool for sailors and outdoor sports and weather enthusiasts. "Farmers are turning out to be a really big part of our business. The 4000 is really popular with them. We were surprised by the demand for little hand-held weather stations, "he said.  2, fiche 5, Anglais, - hand%20held%20weather%20station

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Not to be confused with "manual (weather) station."  4, fiche 5, Anglais, - hand%20held%20weather%20station

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Français

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Station portative EB312. Petite station météo portative 3 fonctions : prévisions météo par icônes, température ambiante et horloge-calendrier. Idéal pour les activités de plein air : un appareil commode et peu encombrant à mettre dans toutes les poches.  3, fiche 5, Français, - station%20m%C3%A9t%C3%A9orologique%20portative

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Station météorologique portative. [...] un instrument destiné à faciliter les observations météorologiques dans les excursions de plus en plus fréquentes qu'exécutent les touristes [...] Cet instrument est composé de façon à pouvoir déterminer exactement, en tous lieux, d'une manière commode et prompte, les trois données météorologiques les plus importantes de l'air, savoir : sa pression, sa température et son degré d'humidité. C'est le groupement d'un baromètre, d'un thermomètre, d'un hygromètre et d'une boussole. L'agencement de ces appareils constitue un instrument d'un volume restreint, renfermé dans un étui unique [...]. la Nature, 1874, deuxième semestre, p. 112.  1, fiche 5, Français, - station%20m%C3%A9t%C3%A9orologique%20portative

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Ne pas confondre avec «station (météo) manuelle».  6, fiche 5, Français, - station%20m%C3%A9t%C3%A9orologique%20portative

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Anglais

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A drill chuck having three serrated-face movable jaws that can grip and hold fast an inserted drill rod.  2, fiche 6, Anglais, - three%2Djaw%20chuck

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Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Last week, the President... was again telling his cabinet to "hold fast" and show "serenity and determination" in carrying out deficit reduction.  1, fiche 7, Anglais, - hold%20fast

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Français

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Tout récemment encore, le Président [...] a appelé le gouvernement à «tenir bon» et à faire preuve de «sérénité et de détermination» dans le processus de réduction des déficits.  1, fiche 7, Français, - tenir%20bon

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Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Anglais

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Français

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Saisir ou tenir solidement.  1, fiche 8, Français, - crocher

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Crocher dans la voile, l'ancre a croché au fond.  1, fiche 8, Français, - crocher

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The "Sun-Mar" three chamber system... The composting chamber. "Sun-Mar" engineers found that the ideal conditions for fast, odorless composting could only be provided in a rotating drum,(we call it the Bio-drum). The Bio-drum is uniquely able to keep the compost completely oxygenated, mixed, moist and warm, and so provide perfect conditions for fast, aerobic(and therefore odorless) composting. Waste enters the composting drum through an entry port located in the top of the Bio-drum. By turning the handle on the front of the unit, the drum rotates, and the compost tumbles,(assisted by a mixing baffle) thereby thoroughly and completely oxygenating and mixing every part of the compost. The Bio-drum is fitted with a door which closes automatically to keep the waste inside as the drum rotates. After turning, a lock automatically maintains the Bio-drum in a top dead centre position ready to receive new material. To ensure that the compost cannot get saturated, a screen at the rear of the drum filters any excess liquid directly into the evaporating chamber. At the same time, by protecting the compost from direct heat, the Bio-drum keeps the compost uniformly moist. Lastly, the Bio-drum has the volume to hold the necessary mass of material to retain the natural heat developed in the core of the compost. Insulation on the outside of the drum prevents heat loss. The warm, moist, oxygen rich conditions in the Bio-drum allow the microbes to quickly break down the waste into its essential minerals. When the drum gets 2/3 full, some compost is extracted into the finishing drawer. This is done simply by pulling the drum lock, and rotating the drum backwards. Now, the drum door remains open, and compost falls into the second chamber;-the compost finishing drawer.  1, fiche 9, Anglais, - composting%20chamber

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Français

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Le système à trois compartiments «Sun-Mar». [...] Le compartiment à compostage. Les ingénieurs «Sun-Mar» ont découvert que les conditions idéales d'une décomposition rapide et inodore ne peuvent être assurées que dans un tambour rotatif (que nous appelons tambour «Bio-drum»), dans lequel il est possible d'oxygéner et de mélanger le compost complètement et de le maintenir humide et chaud. Les déchets entrent dans la partie supérieure du Bio-drum. En tournant la manivelle du tambour, située sur le devant du cabinet, le compost culbute (action favorisée par la plaque de mélange). Ce culbutage permet l'oxygénation et le mélange complet de la matière à composter. Le tambour est muni d'une porte qui se ferme automatiquement pour retenir les déchets pendant la rotation du tambour. Par la suite, un verrou maintient automatiquement le tambour Bio-drum en position pour accepter d'autres déchets. Pour éviter la saturation du compost, une grille est située à l'arrière du tambour qui filtre et dirige vers l'aire d'évaporation tout liquide excédentaire. En protégeant le compost contre la chaleur directe, le Bio-drum maintient également un degré uniforme d'humidité. En dernier lieu, le Bio-drum peut contenir la masse nécessaire à conserver la chaleur naturelle développée au centre du compost. L'isolation à l'extérieur du tambour évite la perte de chaleur vers l'extérieur. Quand celui-ci est rempli aux 2/3, on transfère une partie du compost dans le tiroir de finition. À cette fin, il suffit de tirer le verrou du tambour et de tourner celui-ci dans le sens inverse des aiguilles d'une montre. Maintenant, la porte du tambour reste ouverte et le compost tombe dans le tiroir de finition.  1, fiche 9, Français, - compartiment%20%C3%A0%20compostage

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Anglais

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a space or platform near the mouth of a shaft or excavation for temporary storage of ore or wash dirt.  2, fiche 10, Anglais, - paddock

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Sometimes, instead of washing the pay-dirt from a digging as fast as it is raised, the miners stack it in "paddocks, "which are spaces alongside the shaft strongly fenced in with slabs, until the claim or property is exhausted, and then hold a general washing-up. This system of working is called "paddocking. "  3, fiche 10, Anglais, - paddock

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Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Anglais

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... the hand is poorly placed to take a fast firing hold on the rifle in an emergency.  1, fiche 11, Anglais, - hold%20on%20the%20rifle

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