TERMIUM Plus^®

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In November 1981, the "Canadian University Service Overseas" and the "Service universitaire canadien outre-mer" became two separate organizations. The "Canadian University Service Overseas" then adopted as name the old acronym "CUSO" for both English and French. Since the long title is no longer used, only the acronym "CUSO" is official in English and French. Organization which is established in Ottawa, Ontario.  3, fiche 1, Anglais, - CUSO

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

En novembre 1981, le «Canadian University Service Overseas» et le «Service universitaire canadien outre-mer» sont devenus des organismes distincts. Le «Canadian University Service Overseas» a adopté comme nom, l'ancien acronyme «CUSO». Seul l'acronyme «CUSO» est officiel en anglais et en français, le nom au long n'étant plus utilisé. Organisme établi à Ottawa (Ontario).  4, fiche 1, Français, - CUSO

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

International Boundary Waters Treaty Act: short title.  3, fiche 2, Anglais, - International%20Boundary%20Waters%20Treaty%20Act

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

An Act respecting the International Joint Commission established under the treaty of January 11, 1909 relating to boundary waters :long title.  3, fiche 2, Anglais, - International%20Boundary%20Waters%20Treaty%20Act

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Loi du traité des eaux limitrophes internationales : titre abrégé.  3, fiche 2, Français, - Loi%20du%20trait%C3%A9%20des%20eaux%20limitrophes%20internationales

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Loi concernant la création de la Commission mixte internationale en application du traité des eaux limitrophes du 11 janvier 1909 : titre intégral.  3, fiche 2, Français, - Loi%20du%20trait%C3%A9%20des%20eaux%20limitrophes%20internationales

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

After grain was placed in the bin, a standard compartmentalized grain probe was used to obtain grain samples along the diameter of the bin at 30-cm intervals, starting at a point 15 cm from the bin wall. The grain probe was 3 m long, with compartments at 14-cm intervals. Samples from each two adjacent compartments in the probe were combined and screened with appropriate sieves to determine the fine material content. The percentages of fine material content in each sample established the distribution of fine material in the bin.  2, fiche 3, Anglais, - compartmentalized%20grain%20probe

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

compartmentalized grain probe: term used at the Canadian Grain Commission.  3, fiche 3, Anglais, - compartmentalized%20grain%20probe

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

sonde à grain compartimenté : terme en usage à la Commission canadienne des grains.  2, fiche 3, Français, - sonde%20%C3%A0%20grain%20compartiment%C3%A9

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Roosevelt Campobello International Park Commission Act: short title.  2, fiche 4, Anglais, - Roosevelt%20Campobello%20International%20Park%20Commission%20Act

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 OBS

An Act respecting the Commission established to administer the Roosevelt Campobello International Park :long title.  2, fiche 4, Anglais, - Roosevelt%20Campobello%20International%20Park%20Commission%20Act

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Loi sur la Commission du parc international Roosevelt de Campobello : titre abrégé.  2, fiche 4, Français, - Loi%20sur%20la%20Commission%20du%20parc%20international%20Roosevelt%20de%20Campobello

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Loi concernant la Commission créée pour administrer le parc international Roosevelt de Campobello : titre intégral.  2, fiche 4, Français, - Loi%20sur%20la%20Commission%20du%20parc%20international%20Roosevelt%20de%20Campobello

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The world’s first laboratory-grown beef burger was flipped out of a petri dish and into a frying pan on Monday, with food tasters declaring it tasted "close to meat." Grown in vitro from cattle stem cells at a cost of 250,000 euros ($332,000), the burger was cooked and eaten in front of television cameras to gain the greatest media coverage for the culmination of a five-year science experiment. Resembling a standard circular-shaped red meat patty, it was created by knitting together 20,000 strands of laboratory-grown protein, combined with other ingredients normally used in burgers, such as salt, breadcrumbs and egg powder. Red beet juice and saffron were added to give it color.  1, fiche 5, Anglais, - laboratory%2Dgrown%20beef%20burger

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The first laboratory-produced meat patty (cultured beef burger) presented in London on August 5, 2013, by Dr. Mark Post, a physiologist from Maastricht University in the Netherlands, was dubbed the "Frankenburger." The professor and his colleagues produced the meat-like substance by cultivating muscle tissue from cow stem cells in fetal serum and other growth-promoting materials (vitamines, amino acids, growth hormones, sugar, etc.). The laboratory-grown meat at this stage of development is prohibitively expensive, but might one day become a substitute for "real" meat. The product needs to be enhanced to improve its texture, taste and appearance. Some scientists predict that cultured meat might be commercially available within a decade. Others say that it will be possible to grow it in one’s own kitchen within 20 years.  13, fiche 5, Anglais, - laboratory%2Dgrown%20beef%20burger

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The development of meat substitutes is praised on ethical grounds by animal rights or welfare activists since these products have the potential to greatly reduce the inhumane raising and slaughtering of animals raised for meat. Environmentalists, economists and scientists support these products since they might one day be a cost-effective means of meeting world demands for meat, while greatly reducing greenhouse gas emissions and waste, as well as the use of water, farmland and animal feed that make intensive animal farming unsustainable. On the other hand, natural food advocates have serious doubts concerning ingredients needed to grow and enhance these products, and the long term safety of their consumption; and meat industry proponents argue that the technology still requires stem cell donors (the cells from a single donor cannot replicate indefinitely) and that the product remains a far cry from "real" meat. Only time will tell if these products will, in a perhaps not so distant future, entirely replace, or only supplement, the meat industry.  13, fiche 5, Anglais, - laboratory%2Dgrown%20beef%20burger

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 3 OBS

cultured beef hamburger: A "hamburger" is a minced beef patty. Terms such as "cultured beef hamburger" could therefore be considered pleonastic. The term "burger" is the shortened form of "hamburger." While burgers are traditionally made of beef, non-beef burgers have become popular, and modifiers such as "veggie," "tuna," "chicken," "nut," and "soya" are used to describe them. Given this relatively new reality, the use of seemingly pleonastic terms such as "cultured beef burger" may be justified.  13, fiche 5, Anglais, - laboratory%2Dgrown%20beef%20burger

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 4 OBS

The combination of terms such as "hamburger, ""cultured, ""laboratory, ""in vitro" and their short forms to create neologisms designating this product yields an impressive number of synonyms. This will remain the case as long as terminology used to describe this relatively new concept is not well established.  13, fiche 5, Anglais, - laboratory%2Dgrown%20beef%20burger

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 5 OBS

synthetic hamburger; artificial hamburger: The terms "synthetic meat" and "artificial meat" designate products that imitate meat but that are not necessarily laboratory-grown from animal cells. Hence, the use of qualifiers such as "synthetic" and "artificial" might lead to confuse a cultured hamburger with, for example, a soy-based burger.  13, fiche 5, Anglais, - laboratory%2Dgrown%20beef%20burger

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 6 OBS

Terms such as "Frankenburger" that do not include the modifier "beef" might very well be used some day to designate similar laboratory-grown products made from animal cells other than beef.  13, fiche 5, Anglais, - laboratory%2Dgrown%20beef%20burger

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cet hamburger synthétique, surnommé le «Frankenburger», a été élaboré dans le laboratoire de l'université de Maastricht en trois mois à [partir] de cellules souches de bœuf. En septembre 2011, un expert en physiologie de cette université, Mark Post, avait annoncé son projet de développer avec son équipe une viande de synthèse. [...] Les 20 000 fibres de muscles ont été cultivées en laboratoire, pressées ensemble, colorées avec du jus de betterave et assaisonnées de safran afin de donner une couleur rouge au «Frankenburger» qui aurait eu un aspect naturel gris sans ces modifications.  15, fiche 5, Français, - hamburger%20in%20vitro

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Il s'agit du premier hamburger créé en laboratoire et présenté à Londres le 5 août 2013 pour dégustation. Ce steak haché de viande synthétique a été confectionné à partir de cellules souches de vache cultivées dans un milieu contenant des acides aminées, des vitamines, du sérum fœtal et des hormones de croissance. On y a ajouté de la chapelure, du sel, de la poudre d'œuf ainsi que du jus de betterave et du safran pour la couleur. Certains scientifiques disent que ce type de produit pourrait être cultivé à la maison d'ici vingt ans. C'est une solution envisageable pour diminuer les émissions de gaz à effet de serre attribuables aux animaux d'élevage tout en répondant à la demande mondiale en viande bovine qui risque de doubler d'ici 2050.  16, fiche 5, Français, - hamburger%20in%20vitro

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 OBS

steak in vitro; steak cultivé en laboratoire à partir de cellules souches; steak de viande artificielle : Ce nouveau produit ayant davantage l'apparence et la consistance de viande hachée que de bifteck, ces termes sont employés pour évoquer l'idée de «steak haché» tel que lorsqu'on parle de «steak tartare».  16, fiche 5, Français, - hamburger%20in%20vitro

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 3 OBS

La terminologie n'est pas bien établie pour désigner ce concept, comme en témoigne le nombre de termes utilisés. La combinaison de termes tels que burger, hamburger, steak, cellules souches, cultivé, laboratoire et in vitro, se décline à l'infini, et on compte, parmi les synonymes utilisés, de nombreuses locutions plus ou moins longues.  16, fiche 5, Français, - hamburger%20in%20vitro

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 4 OBS

steak de viande artificielle; hamburger synthétique; hamburger artificiel : Étant donné l'emploi des termes «viande synthétique» et «viande artificielle» pour désigner des produits imitant la viande qui ne sont pas nécessairement cultivés en laboratoire à partir de cellules animales, il y a, sans contexte, risque de confusion avec des imitations à base de soja, par exemple.  16, fiche 5, Français, - hamburger%20in%20vitro

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 5 OBS

burger de cellules souches : Le produit est fabriqué à partir de cellules souches, mais le produit fini est constitué de cellules de muscles plutôt que de cellules souches. (Les cellules souches se transforment en myocytes ou cellules musculaires qui forment des fibres musculaires.)  16, fiche 5, Français, - hamburger%20in%20vitro

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

By November, the Arctic inversion becomes well established and the basin area begins to experience lower mean temperatures than the surrounding mountain region. With cold air continually draining into the basin and a net loss of radiation due to long, often clear and calm winter nights, the surface temperatures can become bitterly cold, at times dropping below minus 50 °C.  2, fiche 6, Anglais, - Arctic%20inversion

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Vers le mois de novembre, l'inversion arctique s'établit et la région commence à subir des températures moyennes plus basses que les régions montagneuses environnantes. L'air froid continuellement drainé dans le bassin et la perte nette de rayonnement durant les longues nuits d'hiver, parfois claires et sans vent, peuvent faire descendre la température assez radicalement, parfois même en dessous de -50 °C.  2, fiche 6, Français, - inversion%20arctique

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A reserve of vaccines or vaccine components.  2, fiche 7, Anglais, - vaccine%20bank

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... vaccine banks have been established to guarantee supplies for emergency vaccination in case of outbreaks. Vaccine banks may either store a ready-to-use formulated vaccine with a short shelf life, or more commonly the antigen component, that can be stored for a long period, for subsequent formulation into vaccine when required.  3, fiche 7, Anglais, - vaccine%20bank

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Réserve de vaccins ou de composants de vaccins.  2, fiche 7, Français, - banque%20de%20vaccins

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The... Music Entrepreneur [component of the Canada Music Fund has three] sub-components [that] provide support for established Canadian music entrepreneurs to build a strong, sustainable industry. The sub-components enable established entrepreneurs to offer a wide range of choices that enrich the Canadian musical experience in the long term, to become increasingly competitive nationally and internationally.  1, fiche 8, Anglais, - Music%20Entrepreneur

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Canadian Heritage.  2, fiche 8, Anglais, - Music%20Entrepreneur

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Le volet] Entrepreneurs de la musique [du Fonds pour la musique du Canada a trois sous-volets qui offrent] une aide financière aux entrepreneurs canadiens établis pour qu'ils bâtissent une industrie vigoureuse et viable. Ces sous-volets permettent aux entrepreneurs établis d'offrir une gamme diversifiée de choix musicaux qui enrichissent l'expérience musicale canadienne à long terme, de faire de plus en plus concurrence sur la scène nationale et internationale et de se tailler une place de premier plan dans une économie mondiale numérisée.  1, fiche 8, Français, - Entrepreneurs%20de%20la%20musique

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Patrimoine canadien.  2, fiche 8, Français, - Entrepreneurs%20de%20la%20musique

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Title used by the Translation Bureau’s Criminology Unit and the Linguistic Services at Correctional Service Canada.  2, fiche 9, Anglais, - Pittsburgh%20Institution

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Officially opened in January 1963 as the "Joyceville Farm Annex", the facility was established as a minimum-security ’honour’ camp for which inmates were chosen on the merit of their institutional records of excellent behaviour and conduct, as well as work performance and overall trustworthiness. Pittsburgh Institution is currently mandated to accommodate inmates of the Ontario Region's minimum-security population. In the short term, Pittsburgh Institution will continue its current role of providing correctional programming combined with the provision of a steady work force for the CORCAN operations. In the long term, Pittsburgh will see a substantial increase in its correctional programming delivery as the population reaches its capacity.  1, fiche 9, Anglais, - Pittsburgh%20Institution

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le terme générique qui commence le nom officiel d'un établissement ou d'une maison d'enseignement, comme : centre, établissement, maison, pénitencier, pavillon, annexe, etc. prend la majuscule. Lorsque ces termes génériques sont employés comme noms communs, ils prennent la minuscule.  2, fiche 9, Français, - %C3%89tablissement%20Pittsburgh

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Appellation utilisée par le Service Criminologie du Bureau de la traduction et les Services linguistiques au Service correctionnel Canada.  2, fiche 9, Français, - %C3%89tablissement%20Pittsburgh

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Inaugurée officiellement en janvier 1963 comme étant la «ferme annexe de Joyceville», l'établissement était à l'origine un camp «d'honneur» à sécurité minimale pour lequel les détenus étaient choisis au mérite, en fonction de l'excellence de leur comportement et de leur conduite, de leur rendement au travail et de leur fiabilité, comme en témoignait leur dossier institutionnel. L'établissement Pittsburgh a actuellement pour mandat d'accueillir des détenus de la région de l'Ontario dits à sécurité minimale. À court terme, l'établissement poursuivra son rôle actuel qui est d'offrir des programmes correctionnels et de fournir une main-d'œuvre régulière à Corcan pour ses activités. À long terme, il y aura un accroissement important des programmes correctionnels offerts à Pittsburgh à mesure que la population atteindra sa capacité.  1, fiche 9, Français, - %C3%89tablissement%20Pittsburgh

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Presumption of marriage. It has long been established that, if a man and woman cohabit and hold themselves out as husband and wife, this in itself raises a presumption that they are legally married.  2, fiche 10, Anglais, - presumption%20of%20marriage

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Selon la common law, lorsqu'un homme et une femme ont vécu ensemble comme mari et femme pendant une longue période et qu'ils se sont comportés publiquement comme tels, une présomption de mariage résulte de cette situation.  2, fiche 10, Français, - pr%C3%A9somption%20de%20mariage

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

présomption de mariage : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  3, fiche 10, Français, - pr%C3%A9somption%20de%20mariage

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The capacity of a material, structural component or structure to withstand fire without losing its fire-separating or load-bearing strength ... usually expressed in terms of a time period.  4, fiche 11, Anglais, - fire%20resistance

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A long history of over 150 years of excellent performance in numerous severe fires has established the superior fire endurance of heavy timber framing.  5, fiche 11, Anglais, - fire%20resistance

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

fire resistance: term standardized by ISO.  6, fiche 11, Anglais, - fire%20resistance

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Aptitude d'un élément de construction, composant ou structure à conserver pendant une durée déterminée, la stabilité, l'étanchéité au feu et/ou l'isolation thermique requises, et/ou toute autre fonction spécifiée, dans un essai au feu normalisé.  4, fiche 11, Français, - r%C3%A9sistance%20au%20feu

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] malgré cette combustibilité, la bonne tenue au feu des structures en bois massif [...] est rarement mise en doute.  5, fiche 11, Français, - r%C3%A9sistance%20au%20feu

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Voir aussi «réaction au feu».  6, fiche 11, Français, - r%C3%A9sistance%20au%20feu

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 OBS

résistance au feu : terme normalisé par l'ISO.  7, fiche 11, Français, - r%C3%A9sistance%20au%20feu

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Capacidad de un elemento de construcción, componente o estructura, para mantener durante un período determinado la estabilidad, integridad, aislamiento térmico y/o otras funciones requeridas, especificadas en un ensayo normalizado [...]  1, fiche 11, Espagnol, - resistencia%20al%20fuego

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A breach of contract, no matter what form it may take, always entitles the innocent party to maintain an action for damages, but the rule established by a long line of authorities is that the right of a party to treat a contract as discharged arises only in two types of case. Firstly, where the party in default has repudiated the contract before performance is due or before it has been fully performed. Secondly, where the party in default has committed what in modern judicial parlance is called a fundamental breach.  3, fiche 12, Anglais, - defaulter

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Parte que falta a sus obligaciones.  1, fiche 12, Espagnol, - parte%20incumpliente

Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Established in 1967, OCUL has a long history of collaboration and co-operation among its member institutions and a reputation for creating services focussed on direct benefits to students, faculty and research.  1, fiche 13, Anglais, - Ontario%20Council%20of%20University%20Libraries

Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Conseil des bibliothèques universitaires de l'Ontario; CBUO : traductions non officielles données à titre d'information seulement.  2, fiche 13, Français, - Ontario%20Council%20of%20University%20Libraries

Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 14,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Different periods of limitation have been laid down for different kinds of actions. In relation to land... it is in the public interest that a person who has long been in undisputed possession should be able to deal with the land as owner. It is more important that an established and peaceable possession should be protected than that the law should assist the agitation of old claims.(Megarry & Wade, 4th ed., 1975, p. 1003).  1, fiche 14, Anglais, - period%20of%20limitation

Fiche 14,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

délai de prescription extinctive; délai de prescription : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 14, Français, - d%C3%A9lai%20de%20prescription%20extinctive

Fiche 14,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 15,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

English doctrine under which a landowner acquired, by uninterrupted use for 20 years, an easement or right by prescription over adjoining land for the unobstructed passage of light and air.  2, fiche 15, Anglais, - ancient%20lights

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Long established rights to light are sometimes called "ancient lights".(Megarry & Wade, 4th ed., 1975, p. 876).  3, fiche 15, Anglais, - ancient%20lights

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

ancient lights: term generally used in the plural.  4, fiche 15, Anglais, - ancient%20lights

Fiche 15,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

ancient lights : Extension métonymique du sens primitif. On trouve aussi des occurrences d'emploi du terme au singulier.  1, fiche 15, Français, - servitude%20de%20jour

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 OBS

servitude de jour : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 15, Français, - servitude%20de%20jour

Fiche 15,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 16,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Malaria in which febrile paroxysms recur every 72 hours, caused by Plasmodium malariae.  2, fiche 16, Anglais, - quartan%20fever

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

P. malariae causes quartan fever with recurrent paroxysms coinciding with sporulation every 72 hours in long established cases.  1, fiche 16, Anglais, - quartan%20fever

Fiche 16,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Fièvre due à Plasmodium malariae survenant périodiquement aux 72 heures.  2, fiche 16, Français, - fi%C3%A8vre%20quarte

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On observe des différences dans le tableau clinique selon le plasmodium infectant : [...] P. malariae : accès tous les quatre jours. On parle de fièvre quarte. La périodicité est souvent très régulière et l'évolution prolongée.  1, fiche 16, Français, - fi%C3%A8vre%20quarte

Fiche 16,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 17,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The state of an iced surface which, in its best, will be even and smooth for figure and speed skating, ice hockey, luging and bobsleighing, and hard and freshly sprayed for curling.  2, fiche 17, Anglais, - ice%20conditions

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ice conditions are established for the oval used for long track speed skating, the run or track for luge or bobsleigh, the skating rink used for figure skating, ice hockey, short track speed skating, broomball or ringette, and sheets for curling, even if the surfaces do not have the same areas nor the same form.  2, fiche 17, Anglais, - ice%20conditions

Fiche 17,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Manière d'être de la surface d'une étendue glacée qui, à son meilleur, sera lisse et ferme pour le patinage artistique ou de vitesse, le hockey sur glace, la luge et le bobsleigh, et dure et avec pitons fraîchement pulvérisés pour le curling.  2, fiche 17, Français, - %C3%A9tat%20de%20la%20glace

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On établit l'état de la glace de l'anneau pour le patinage de vitesse sur longue piste, de la piste pour la luge ou le bobsleigh, de la patinoire pour le patinage artistique, le patinage de vitesse sur courte piste, ou des matchs de hockey sur glace, de ballon sur glace ou de ringuette, et des pistes pour le curling, même si les espaces utilisés n'ont pas une même superficie ni une même forme.  2, fiche 17, Français, - %C3%A9tat%20de%20la%20glace

Fiche 17,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 18,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A sedimentary rock consisting of siderite ... and argillaceous impurity [which] is often nodular, and was formerly of importance as an iron ore ...  3, fiche 18, Anglais, - clay%20ironstone

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The term has also been applied to an argillaceous rock containing iron oxide (such as hematite or limonite).  4, fiche 18, Anglais, - clay%20ironstone

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Following long established precedent the term ironstone is retained for oolitic siderite-chamosite bearing hydrolithic sediments that have a relatively high content of alumina and phosphorus and low silica content, the clay ironstones.  5, fiche 18, Anglais, - clay%20ironstone

Fiche 18,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Variété de sidérose.  2, fiche 18, Français, - minerai%20de%20fer%20argileux

Fiche 18,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 19,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In a continuing effort to promote the efficient utilization of the geostationary orbit while maintaining a reasonable interference budget, Intelsat has established the long term objective of bringing all of its antennas within a specification consistent with the ITU-R recommendations.  2, fiche 19, Anglais, - interference%20budget

Fiche 19,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Soucieuse de promouvoir une utilisation plus efficace de l'orbite des satellites géostationnaires tout en maintenant un bilan de brouillage raisonnable, Intelsat s'est fixé comme objectif à long terme d'aligner toutes ses antennes sur une spécification qui soit compatible avec les recommandations de l'UIT-R.  2, fiche 19, Français, - bilan%20de%20brouillage

Fiche 19,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 20,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Private school located in Trenton, Ontario.  1, fiche 20, Anglais, - Transport%20Safety%20%26%20Compliance%20Systems%20Inc%2E

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Transport Safety and Compliance Systems Inc.(T. S. C. S. I.), the Transportation Support Specialists, was established in 1995. T. S. C. S. I. is owned, managed, and staffed by truck transport experts. T. S. C. S. I. has developed close strategic alliances withover 40 long distane(U. S. destination) trucking companies and over 20 local(domestic) trucking companies working out of the Greater Toronto Area. T. S. C. S. I. 's original mandate was two fold. Our first objective was to provide the truck transportation industry with a support system that could be called upon to deal with growing concerns about safety and compliance issues. Secondly, T. S. C. S. I. wanted to improve the overall quality of the driving staff operation on North American Highways. To deal with this dual mandate, a two-pronged approach was adapted.  1, fiche 20, Anglais, - Transport%20Safety%20%26%20Compliance%20Systems%20Inc%2E

Fiche 20,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

École privée établie à Trenton (Ontario).  1, fiche 20, Français, - Transport%20Safety%20%26%20Compliance%20Systems%20Inc%2E

Fiche 20,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 21,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The measurable holding point or balance between the virus and the body’s immune system reported as the viral load measurement.  1, fiche 21, Anglais, - set%20point

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The viral set point is established within a few weeks to months after infection and is thought to remain steady for an indefinite period of time. Set points are thought to determine how long it will take for disease progression to occur.  1, fiche 21, Anglais, - set%20point

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 PHR

viral set point  1, fiche 21, Anglais, - set%20point

Fiche 21,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les études de validation sont habituellement effectuées d'après des valeurs de consigne cibles, et on présume que la réduction virale est similaire tout au long du traitement.  1, fiche 21, Français, - valeur%20de%20consigne

Fiche 21,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 22,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Title confirmed by the association.  2, fiche 22, Anglais, - Canada%20Beef%20Export%20Federation

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Canada Beef Export Federation was established in 1989. We are an independent non-profit organization committed to improving export results for the Canadian cattle and beef industry. The Federation's export Vision is that Canadian high quality beef will become the worldwide symbol of excellence. Further, Canada Beef's vision is of an informed membership committed to the pursuit of the long term goals as established by the Federation. Canada Beef's Mission is to expand and diversify export sales and market share of Canadian beef and beef products with sustained profit based on brand value and unique Canadian advantages. The Federation's mandate is to identify and develop markets to increase the sale of Canadian beef and beef products with the cooperation of all companies, organizations and institutions which will benefit from this success.  1, fiche 22, Anglais, - Canada%20Beef%20Export%20Federation

Fiche 22,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Appellation confirmée par l'organisme.  2, fiche 22, Français, - Canada%20Beef%20Export%20Federation

Fiche 22,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 23,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Established in 1976, Nova Scotia Nurses’ Union is a professional union representing Licensed Pratical Nurses and Registered Nurses in hospitals, Long Term Care facilities, Community Care, Adult Residential Centres, VON branches and Canadian Blood Services.  1, fiche 23, Anglais, - Nova%20Scotia%20Nurses%26rsquo%3B%20Union

Fiche 23,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Appellation et abréviation confirmées par l'organisme.  2, fiche 23, Français, - Nova%20Scotia%20Nurses%27%20Union

Fiche 23,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 24,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

APOS was established by legislation on April 30, 1997. The delegation of responsibilities provides Alberta's outfitters with an opportunity to manage their industry's administrative policies, greater role in the management of Alberta's wildlife and other natural resources, and long term fiscal stability for their organization.  1, fiche 24, Anglais, - Alberta%20Professional%20Outfitters%20Society

Fiche 24,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 24,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 25,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Gambling practice of determining odds and receiving and paying off bets on the outcome of sporting events (particularly horse races), political contests, and other competitions.  3, fiche 25, Anglais, - bookmaking

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Horse racing is perhaps most closely associated with bookmaking, but boxing, baseball, football, basketball, and other sports have also long been of interest to bookmakers("bookies") and gamblers. Morning-line odds, established by legal bookmakers, are printed in the sports sections of newspapers throughout the U. S.  3, fiche 25, Anglais, - bookmaking

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 2 CONT

They learn about every aspect of bookmaking, including calculating bets, administration, customer service, business skills, managing staff, betting laws and company policies.  4, fiche 25, Anglais, - bookmaking

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 3 CONT

The Commission emphasized that the definition of the relevant geographical market depended not on the technical feasibility of retransmitting French sound and pictures throughout the Community, but on a number of other factors, such as the habits of bettors, the type of betting offered (totalizator or bookmaking) and the countries in which races were organized, in other words the structure of supply and demand, which was determined by the betting markets themselves and by the differences between the various national laws.  5, fiche 25, Anglais, - bookmaking

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Some Commonwealth countries (including the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand), Belgium, and Germany permit the open operation of bookmaking organizations.  3, fiche 25, Anglais, - bookmaking

Fiche 25,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La Commission a souligné que la définition du marché géographique en cause dépendait non pas du critère de la faisabilité technique de la retransmission des sons et images français dans toute la Communauté, mais de plusieurs autres facteurs tels que les habitudes des parieurs, le type des paris offerts (pari mutuel, bookmaking) et les pays dans lesquels des courses sont organisées, c'est-à-dire de la structure de l'offre et de la demande, déterminée par les marchés des paris eux-mêmes, ainsi que des différences entre les législations nationales en la matière.  4, fiche 25, Français, - bookmaking

Fiche 25,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 26,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Westerly jet stream of maximum intensity near the stratopause, in the middle and subpolar latitudes of the winter hemisphere, caused by prolonged radiative cooling of the air in high latitudes during this season.  1, fiche 26, Anglais, - polar%20night%20jet

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Polar-night jet stream. This jet meanders through the upper stratosphere over the poles. It occurs only during the long winter night. Remember, night is 6 months long over the pole in which winter is occurring. The polar stratosphere undergoes appreciable cooling due to the lack of solar radiation. The horizontal temperature gradient is strongly established between the equator and the pole, and the pressure gradient creates this westerly jet. The temperature gradient breaks down intermittently during middle and late winter in the Northern Hemisphere; therefore, the jet is intermittent at these times. In the Southern Hemisphere the temperature gradient and jet disappear rather abruptly near the time of the spring equinox.  3, fiche 26, Anglais, - polar%20night%20jet

Fiche 26,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Courant-jet d'ouest d'intensité maximale près de la stratopause, aux latitudes moyennes et subpolaires de l'hémisphère d'hiver, provoqué par le refroidissement radiatif prolongé de l'air aux hautes latitudes durant cette saison.  1, fiche 26, Français, - courant%2Djet%20de%20la%20nuit%20polaire

Fiche 26,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Corriente en chorro, del oeste, que alcanza su máxima intensidad cerca de la estratopausa en las latitudes medias y subpolares del hemisferio invernal. Se origina como consecuencia del prolongado enfriamiento del aire por radiación en las latitudes altas durante esta estación.  1, fiche 26, Espagnol, - corriente%20en%20chorro%20durante%20la%20noche%20polar

Fiche 27,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Timber piles. The use of the trunks of trees for piling was well established by Roman times;... Timber piles are still probably the most commonly used type throughout most of the world... they provide dependable, economical foundations... piles 40 to 60 ft long are common, whereas 85-ft piles cannot be obtained economically in all areas. Timber piles cannot withstand the stresses due to hard driving... Damage to the points may be reduced somewhat by the use of steel shoes... timber piles may last indefinitely when permanently surrounded by saturated soil....  3, fiche 27, Anglais, - timber%20pile

Fiche 27,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Gros pieu de bois à pointe ferrée, utilisé pour réaliser un pilotis.  3, fiche 27, Français, - pilot

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pieux en bois. Ce sont les plus vieux pieux connus. Ils sont d'une longueur limitée et supportent une charge plus faible que des pieux avec d'autres matériaux. Ces pieux sont très sensibles aux variations de niveau de la nappe et devront la plupart du temps être traités pour une bonne conservation au-dessus de la nappe. Aussi il est recommandé de n'utiliser les pieux en bois que lorsque les fondations sont constamment sous l'eau ou pour des ouvrages provisoires.  4, fiche 27, Français, - pilot

Fiche 27,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Madera rollizo que se clava en el suelo para sostener otras estructuras.  1, fiche 27, Espagnol, - pilote

Fiche 28,  Justifications,  Anglais

Fiche 28,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Renseignements confirmés par le Service de traduction du Gouvernement du Nouveau-Brunswick.  3, fiche 28, Français, - Programme%20de%20prestations%20prolong%C3%A9es

Fiche 28,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 29,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources came into force in 1982, as part of the Antarctic Treaty System. It was established mainly in response to concerns that an increase in krill catches in the Southern Ocean could have a serious effect on populations of krill and other marine life; particularly on birds, seals and fish which mainly depend on krill for food. The aim of the Convention is to conserve marine life. This does not exclude harvesting as long as such harvesting is carried out in a rational manner.  2, fiche 29, Anglais, - Convention%20on%20the%20Conservation%20of%20Antarctic%20Marine%20Living%20Resources

Fiche 29,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La Convention sur la conservation de la faune et de la flore marines de l'Antarctique est entrée en vigueur en 1982, dans le cadre du Système du traité sur l'Antarctique. Elle a été établie principalement pour faire face aux inquiétudes à l'égard du grand risque d'impact de l'augmentation des captures de krill dans l'océan Austral sur les populations de krill et d'autres organismes marins, notamment les oiseaux, les phoques et les poissons qui dépendent directement du krill pour se nourrir. La Convention a pour objectif de conserver la vie marine, sans toutefois exclure l'exploitation dans les mesures où elle est menée de manière rationnelle.  1, fiche 29, Français, - Convention%20sur%20la%20conservation%20de%20la%20faune%20et%20de%20la%20flore%20marines%20de%20l%27Antarctique

Fiche 29,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 30,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A weak stemmed and usually decumbent winter annual legume(Lathyrus hirsutus) native to the Mediterranean region but long established as an escape in the southern U. S. and more recently cultivated as a cover and pasture crop.  3, fiche 30, Anglais, - caley%20pea

Fiche 30,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

légumineuse fourragère annuelle.  1, fiche 30, Français, - gesse%20velue

Fiche 30,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 31,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A long, narrow, shallow groove or cut below the established plane of the wafer surface, seen either before or after etching or epitaxy. The ratio of the length of the figure to the width of the figure must be greater than 5 : 1 in order to be defined as a scratch. Macroscratches are equal to or greater than 0. 12 um in depth and must be visible to the unaided eye under both incandescent and fluorescent illumination.  1, fiche 31, Anglais, - macroscratch

Fiche 31,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 31,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 32,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Any characteristic behaviour that might increase significantly the hazard presented by the burning material (e.g. dense smoke, flammable vapours, toxic smoke, possibility of polymerization or explosion).  5, fiche 32, Anglais, - behaviour%20in%20a%20fire

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

a long history of over 150 years of excellent performance in numerous severe fires has established the superior fire endurance of heavy timber framing.  6, fiche 32, Anglais, - behaviour%20in%20a%20fire

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Compare "fire property", "fire hazard properties" and "burning characteristics.  7, fiche 32, Anglais, - behaviour%20in%20a%20fire

Fiche 32,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Comportement d'un matériau qui, dans des conditions d'essai spécifiées, alimente un feu auquel il est exposé.  3, fiche 32, Français, - comportement%20au%20feu

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le décret no 57.1161 [...] définit la réaction au feu d'un matériau comme "l'aliment qui peut être apporté au feu et au développement de l'incendie" par ce matériau. La notion "d'aliment" apportée au feu correspond à une notion de combustibilité du matériau, donc de la quantité de calories dégagées [...]  4, fiche 32, Français, - comportement%20au%20feu

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Il y a six] classements de réaction. [...]. M0 : incombustible; M1 : Non inflammable; M2 : Difficilement inflammable; M3 : Moyennement inflammable; M4 : Facilement inflammable; M5 : Très facilement inflammable.  4, fiche 32, Français, - comportement%20au%20feu

Fiche 32,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Contribución de un material al inicio, desarrollo y propagación de un fuego.  1, fiche 32, Espagnol, - reacci%C3%B3n%20al%20fuego

Fiche 33,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 33,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 34,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The AMC was established by the Bank of England in 1928 for the purpose of providing long term funds at favourable rates to farmers. [Klein, Gerald. Dictionary of Banking. Pitman Publishing, 1995].  2, fiche 34, Anglais, - Agricultural%20Mortgage%20Corporation

Fiche 34,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 34,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 35,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

of things.  2, fiche 35, Anglais, - long%20established

Fiche 35,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 35,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 36,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Bellanet is an international initiative with a mission to increase the impact of development activities through greater collaboration. Collaboration is enhanced by more effective use of information and communication technologies(ICTs). At the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro the world was faced with the fact that, in spite of massive and accelerating problems of poverty and environmental degradation in developing countries, levels of spending on development assistance were stagnant or declining among many donor nations, and were likely to remain so for a long time. During follow-up meetings, a number of strategies were discussed. One such meeting took place in Bellagio, Italy(from which the name "Bellanet" was coined), where senior representatives of twenty development agencies concluded that one response to the challenges at hand was to increase the impact and relevance of donor actions through greater collaboration. A subgroup(the World Bank, the MacArthur Foundation, SAREC [Swedish Agency for Research Co-operation with Developing Countries], and IDRC [The International Development Research Centre] was asked to investigate options. A proposal for action was formulated and, at a second Bellagio meeting in late 1994, the formation of Bellanet was endorsed. Bellanet was given a mandate to promote collaboration through the use of emerging information and communication technologies(ICTs). In early 1995 Bellanet officially started with the first meeting of the Bellanet International Steering Committee(BISC) and the formation of the Bellanet International Secretariat established at the International Development Research Centre(IDRC), a federal organization established in Ottawa, Ontario.  1, fiche 36, Anglais, - Bellanet%20Initiative

Fiche 36,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Bellanet est une initiative internationale dont la mission est d'augmenter l'impact des activités de développement grâce à une meilleure collaboration. Cette collaboration est soutenue par une utilisation plus efficace des technologies de l'information et de la communication (TIC). Lors du Sommet de la Terre de Rio de Janeiro en 1992, le monde a dû reconnaître qu'en dépit des problèmes grandissants de pauvreté massive et de dégradation environnementale dans les pays en développement, le niveau des dépenses en aide au développement de la part des pays donateurs stagnait ou diminuait, tendance qui semblait bien être à long terme. Diverses stratégies ont été discutées dans des rencontres faisant suite au sommet de Rio. Lors d'une des rencontres, à Bellagio en Italie (d'où le nom «Bellanet»), des hauts représentants de vingt agences de développement ont conclu qu'une réponse aux défis était d'augmenter l'impact et la pertinence des actions des donateurs au moyen d'une plus grande collaboration. Un sous-groupe (la Banque Mondiale, la Fondation MacArthur, le SAREC [Agence suédoise de coopération en matière de recherche avec les pays en développement] et le CRDI [Centre de recherches pour le développement international] reçut pour tâche d'effectuer des recherches sur cette approche, et a soutenu la formation de Bellanet, avec le mandat d'appuyer la collaboration par l'utilisation de technologies de l'information et de la communication (TIC) émergentes, comme l'Internet. Au début de 1995, Bellanet a été officiellement lancée avec la première rencontre du Comité directeur international Bellanet (CDIB) et la formation du Secrétariat international Bellanet établi au Centre de recherches pour le développement international (CRDI), un organisme fédéral établi à Ottawa (Ontario).  1, fiche 36, Français, - Initiative%20Bellanet

Fiche 36,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 37,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Organisation which is established in Long Plain Reserve, Edwin, Manitoba.  1, fiche 37, Anglais, - Long%20Plain%20Education%20Authority

Fiche 37,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Organisme établi à Long Plain Reserve, Edwin (Manitoba).  1, fiche 37, Français, - Long%20Plain%20Education%20Authority

Fiche 37,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 38,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

long established.  3, fiche 38, Anglais, - time%2Dhonored

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... conversions to luxury or high-income housing developments will bring the land to its "highest and best use" - in the time-honored language of real estate developers....  4, fiche 38, Anglais, - time%2Dhonored

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 2 CONT

a time-honored phrase.  3, fiche 38, Anglais, - time%2Dhonored

Fiche 38,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

être consacré : Être ratifié par un règlement ou par l'usage : Selon la formule consacrée.  4, fiche 38, Français, - consacr%C3%A9

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 2 CONT

C'est le terme consacré. Selon la formule consacrée.  5, fiche 38, Français, - consacr%C3%A9

Fiche 38,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 39,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Authority based on beliefs established over a long period of time.  2, fiche 39, Anglais, - traditional%20authority

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Traditional authority is the belief in traditions and the legitimacy of the status of people exercising authority through those traditions. Traditional authority is the basis for control for monarchies and churches.  3, fiche 39, Anglais, - traditional%20authority

Fiche 39,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 39,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 40,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... Canada has now evolved into a cultural mosaic. The country has been enriched by the arrival of many ethno-cultural groups and the increased prominence of other groups, much longer established but also long ignored.  2, fiche 40, Anglais, - ethno%2Dcultural%20group

Fiche 40,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] le Canada s'est transformé aujourd'hui en une mosaïque culturelle. Le pays s'est enrichi grâce à l'arrivée de nombreux groupes ethnoculturels et à l'importance prise par d'autres groupes établis de longue date, mais dont on avait longtemps fait abstraction.  2, fiche 40, Français, - groupe%20ethno%2Dculturel

Fiche 40,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 41,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Senior mining companies are known entities with established assets, earnings records and credit ratings. Mine financing for such senior companies can therefore usually be arranged through normal capital market channels-an underwriting or private placement of debt or long term notes or the sale of common or preferred shares. Direct bank loans are also often available and in many cases capital can simply be raised internally from retained earnings and cash flow.  1, fiche 41, Anglais, - senior%20mining%20company

Fiche 41,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les grandes sociétés minières sont des entreprises qui ont des biens, qui réalisent des bénéfices et qui sont solvables. Le financement minier pour ces grandes sociétés peut donc habituellement être effectué par l'intermédiaire des circuits habituels du marché des capitaux - une souscription à forfait ou le placement privé de titres d'emprunt ou de billets à long terme ou la vente d'actions ordinaires ou privilégiées. Elles peuvent aussi souvent effectuer des emprunts bancaires directs et, dans de nombreux cas, se procurer des capitaux à même leurs bénéfices non répartis et leurs fonds autogénérés.  1, fiche 41, Français, - grande%20soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9%20mini%C3%A8re

Fiche 41,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 42,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Hot water sub-atmospheric cycle... Only one case of this cycle is known to the author, namely at Kiabutkwa, in the province of Katanga, Zaire... where a small British-made 220 kW power plant was put into service as long ago as 1953. It is believed to be no longer in use. This plant used hot spring water at 91°C which was sprayed into a chamber at a low pressure of 0. 3 ata, and the resulting flash steam passed through a 3-stage low pressure turbine exhausting to a condenser supplied with cooling water at 24°C. The plant was not self-starting, and the vacua in the flash chamber and condenser had first to be established by means of an ejector supplied with steam from an auxiliary wood-fired boiler.  1, fiche 42, Anglais, - hot%20water%20sub%2Datmospheric%20cycle

Fiche 42,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 42,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 43,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Projection of "instantaneous" profiles is well established in the similarity theory of atmospheric boundary layers, whereas the height projection of long term averages is related to the statistics of occurrence of various influencing factors such as atmospheric stability, and consequently must rely on a more empirical approach.  1, fiche 43, Anglais, - projection%20of%20instantaneous%20profiles

Fiche 43,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 43,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 44,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Retention Trusts. In cases where holding companies have been established for estate planning purposes, right in such companies may be put into a trust for retention. In such circumstances, the trustee may not dispose of or otherwise affect the rights placed in trust. The Assistant Deputy Registrar General may serve as trustee of such trusts. In establishing such trusts, ministers may make arrangements to have third parties exercise their voting rights in relation to the shares in the holding company as long as such arrangements will not result in a conflict of interest. Ministers who have established such trusts cannot be consulted or informed of the disposition of any assets owned by the holding company that would be considered to be "controlled assets" under the terms of the guidelines applicable to ministers of the Crown. Retention trusts are a recent innovation, first permitted under the guidelines of April 1980 for ministers of the Crown. Because the retention trust requires the formation of a family holding company for estate planning purposes, it is not a vehicle which is suitable for many people.... The main advantage of the retention trust is that it is a useful divestment vehicle for ministers who have substantial assets and who have arrangements in place which require that the assets be held under proper management through a holding company. The disadvantage of such a trust is that it is a prohibitively expensive route to be followed by someone of modest means who would rather have had a frozen trust.  2, fiche 44, Anglais, - retention%20trust

Fiche 44,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Cette sorte de fiducie tire son origine des «Lignes directrices concernant les conflits d'intérêts à l'intention des ministres de la Couronne». Ces dernières sont énumérées dans le document intitulé «L'éthique dans le secteur public» paru en mai 1984 et qui est une étude effectuée par le gouvernement canadien.  2, fiche 44, Français, - soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9%20de%20portefeuille%20en%20fiducie

Fiche 44,  Justifications,  Espagnol