TERMIUM Plus^®

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The intermediate shell zone of the Earth below the crust and above the core.  3, fiche 1, Anglais, - Earth%26rsquo%3Bs%20mantle

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The mantle is almost 2,900 kilometers thick and comprises about 83% of the Earth’s volume.  4, fiche 1, Anglais, - Earth%26rsquo%3Bs%20mantle

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The mantle is commonly divided into three parts : the upper mantle... the transition zone... and the lower mantle.  5, fiche 1, Anglais, - Earth%26rsquo%3Bs%20mantle

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In composition, the Earth is made of three nested spheres. At the center of the Earth, a body of intensely hot iron and nickel forms the core. A less dense and much larger middle sphere is made of materials rich in iron, magnesium and calcium comprises the mantle. The outermost layer is a thin veneer of lighter rocks called the crust.  6, fiche 1, Anglais, - Earth%26rsquo%3Bs%20mantle

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Français

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Partie interne de la Terre située entre la croûte et le noyau.  4, fiche 1, Français, - manteau%20de%20la%20Terre

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Le manteau représente un peu plus de 80 % du volume de la Terre.  5, fiche 1, Français, - manteau%20de%20la%20Terre

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Le manteau comprend trois parties : le manteau supérieur, une zone de transition et le manteau inférieur.  6, fiche 1, Français, - manteau%20de%20la%20Terre

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Sous la croûte, le manteau est principalement composé de roches silicatées, à base de silicium et d'oxygène, mais contient aussi du magnésium, du fer et d'autres éléments mineurs. Cette partie solide s'étend jusqu'à 2900 kilomètres de profondeur et, en dessous c'est le noyau, où s'est concentré le fer.  7, fiche 1, Français, - manteau%20de%20la%20Terre

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Espagnol

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Parte del interior de la Tierra comprendida entre la discontinuidad de Mohorovicic y el núcleo, entre los 400 y los 2 900 km de profundidad.  1, fiche 1, Espagnol, - manto

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El manto se divide en el manto superior y el manto inferior, separados por la zona de transición.  1, fiche 1, Espagnol, - manto

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Garden slugs grow up to 25 to 30 mm. The mantle is on the anterior part of the slug and the breathing pore is in the anterior half of the mantle. Garden slugs have a band along either side which is not distinct on the lower border. There is no dorsal row of tubercles, and the creeping sole is yellow to dark yellow or orange. The respiratory pore is in front of the midpoint of the mantle shield. There is no keel, and the sole of foot is not divided. The skin is rough and wrinkled, gray to dark brownish gray and often with small yellow-brown dots(color lighter toward the foot).  1, fiche 2, Anglais, - garden%20slug

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La période humide qui a commencé en milieu de semaine favorise le développement et l'activité de bon nombre de mollusques, limaces telles que la limace des jardins (Arion hortensis) et escargots (Cepaea sp.).  1, fiche 2, Français, - limace%20des%20jardins

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Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The Gates gyratory crusher has a cone or mantle that does not rotate but is moved eccentrically by the lower bearing sleeve. A 42-by 134-in. crusher has a capacity of 850 tons/hr, crushing rock from 27 to 8 in.  1, fiche 3, Anglais, - gyratory%20crusher

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According to the McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, gyratory crushers are used both in primary crushing, which yields particles of 4-9 in. [100-225 mm], and secondary crushing, which yields particles of 1/2-1 in. [12.5-25.4 mm].  3, fiche 3, Anglais, - gyratory%20crusher

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broyage : Réduction en fragments compris entre 0,4 et 6,3 mm.  1, fiche 3, Français, - broyeur%20giratoire

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Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Ampferer (A) subduction is when the continental crust plunges, as opposed to Benioff (B) subduction where it is the ocean crust that subducts.  5, fiche 4, Anglais, - Ampferer%20subduction

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A-subduction.-The movement of one continental lithospheric plate under another(subduction) in a collision zone, with the separation of part or all of the upper crust from the lower crust and mantle. The denser material subducts normally whilst the buoyant material can underthrust or overthrust the crust of the overriding plate. A-subduction, named after O. Ampferer, has also been called "delamination, "and is contrasted with B-subduction, named after Hugo Benioff, in which oceanic lithosphere subducts. A-subduction is postulated to involve shortening of a maximum of only a few hundred kilometres, whereas B-subduction can recycle thousands of kilometres of oceanic crust and upper mantle.  2, fiche 4, Anglais, - Ampferer%20subduction

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Ampferer subduction; A subduction: terms used at Natural Resources Canada - Earth Sciences Sector.  6, fiche 4, Anglais, - Ampferer%20subduction

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[...] l'ensemble des métamorphismes et du magmatisme en question doit être interprété comme lié à une subduction de type A, c'est-à-dire à la subduction continentale d'une partie de la lithosphère européenne sous les zones alpines, la zone de subduction elle-même correspondant au bassin de la molasse [...] qui contient jusqu'à 6 km de sédiments détritiques.  3, fiche 4, Français, - subduction%20de%20type%20Ampferer

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subduction de type Ampferer : terme en usage à Ressources naturelles Canada - Secteur des sciences de la Terre.  4, fiche 4, Français, - subduction%20de%20type%20Ampferer

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Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The mantle is commonly divided into three parts : the upper mantle... the transition zone... and the lower mantle.  5, fiche 5, Anglais, - Earth%27s%20lower%20mantle

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Below the upper mantle is the lower mantle that extends from 670 to 2900 kilometers below the Earth's surface.  6, fiche 5, Anglais, - Earth%27s%20lower%20mantle

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The lower mantle is thought to be dominated by denser silicates with the composition of olivine but a more compact structure similar to the denser rare mineral perovskite.  7, fiche 5, Anglais, - Earth%27s%20lower%20mantle

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Le manteau comprend trois parties : le manteau supérieur, une zone de transition et le manteau inférieur.  3, fiche 5, Français, - manteau%20inf%C3%A9rieur%20de%20la%20Terre

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Le manteau inférieur s'étend de 650 à 2900 km de profondeur et présente une minéralogie qui lui est propre. Au moins 70 % de cette envelope est formée de pérovskite, un oxyde.  3, fiche 5, Français, - manteau%20inf%C3%A9rieur%20de%20la%20Terre

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Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The mantle is commonly divided into three parts : the upper mantle... the transition zone... and the lower mantle.  4, fiche 6, Anglais, - Earth%26rsquo%3Bs%20upper%20mantle

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The upper mantle exists from the base of the crust downward to a depth of about 670 kilometers. This region of the Earth’s interior is thought to be composed of peridotite, an ultramafic rock made up of the minerals olivine and pyroxene.  5, fiche 6, Anglais, - Earth%26rsquo%3Bs%20upper%20mantle

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Earth’s upper mantle: term extracted from the "Disarmament and Peace Keeping" glossary with permission of the United Nations Office at Geneva.  6, fiche 6, Anglais, - Earth%26rsquo%3Bs%20upper%20mantle

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Le manteau comprend trois parties : le manteau supérieur, une zone de transition et le manteau inférieur.  4, fiche 6, Français, - manteau%20sup%C3%A9rieur%20de%20la%20Terre

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Le manteau supérieur est formé de péridotite, roche silicatée ultramafique comprenant trois ou quatre minéraux principaux, le plus abondant étant l'olivine [...] Les autres minéraux sont les pyroxènes et les grenats.  4, fiche 6, Français, - manteau%20sup%C3%A9rieur%20de%20la%20Terre

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manteau supérieur de la Terre : terme tiré du lexique «Désarmement et Maintien de la Paix» avec l'autorisation de l'Office des Nations Unis à Genève.  5, fiche 6, Français, - manteau%20sup%C3%A9rieur%20de%20la%20Terre

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Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Because of transparency, thermal conductivity, or surface properties, diamonds are used in many research instruments as windows. An application of exceptional value in mineral and material science is a small device that generates extremely great pressures in the space between two diamonds - the diamond anvil cell.  4, fiche 7, Anglais, - diamond%20anvil%20cell

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... a simple but ingenious device called the diamond-anvil cell has become available, which makes it possible for the first time to subject materials in the laboratory by the enormous pressures encountered in the lower mantle and in the core.  2, fiche 7, Anglais, - diamond%20anvil%20cell

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Apparues au début des années 60, les cellules à enclumes de diamant ont révolutionné les méthodes de travail des géophysiciens en leur permettant de reproduire, en laboratoire, les conditions de température et de pression qui règnent dans les profondeurs de la Terre. Ces cellules se composent de deux enclumes de diamant séparées par un espace d'un dizième de millimètre environ. L'échantillon de roche est placé entre les deux mâchoires, en compagnie d'éclats de rubis servant d'indicateurs de pression, puis les enclumes sont rapprochées par le serrage d'une vis. L'échantillon peut ainsi être soumis à des pressions de plusieurs millions d'atmosphères puis chauffé à des milliers de degrés par un laser infrarouge [...]  1, fiche 7, Français, - cellule%20%C3%A0%20enclumes%20de%20diamant

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Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Anglais

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In the mantle degassing/granulitization model, upward streaming of mantle-derived CO₂ is thought to induce dehydration and granulitization of the lower crust, possibly accompanied by magma generation...  1, fiche 8, Anglais, - mantle%20degassing%2Fgranulitization%20model

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Dans le modèle de dégazage/granulitisation du manteau, la remontée de CO₂ provenant du manteau entraînerait la déshydratation et la granulitisation de la croûte inférieure et d'accompagnerait peut-être de production de magma [...]  1, fiche 8, Français, - mod%C3%A8le%20de%20d%C3%A9gazage%2Fgranulitisation%20du%20manteau

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Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The Gates gyratory crusher has a cone or mantle that does not rotate but is moved eccentrically by the lower bearing sleeve. A 42-by 134-in. crusher has a capacity of 850 tons/hr, crushing rock from 27 to 8 in.  1, fiche 9, Anglais, - gyratory%20crusher

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According to the McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, gyratory crushers are used both in primary crushing, which yields particles of 4-9 in. [100-225 mm], and secondary crushing, which yields particles of 1/2-1 in. [12.5-25.4 mm].  3, fiche 9, Anglais, - gyratory%20crusher

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Granulation: réduction en fragments compris entre 6,3 et 25 mm.  2, fiche 9, Français, - granulateur%20giratoire

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The main controversy is over the primary magmatic enrichment in uranium and associated incompatible elements, whether it is of deep-seated mantle origin... or of metamorphic and anatectic origin from the middle and lower regions of thick sialic crust....  1, fiche 10, Anglais, - anatectic%20origin

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[...] par défaut d'homogénéité des produits anatectiques, le clan granitique associe des granites et des roches mésocrates [...]  2, fiche 10, Français, - origine%20anatectique

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Composition de la roche anatexique obtenue [...]  2, fiche 10, Français, - origine%20anatectique

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La graphie «anatectique» est plus fréquente que la graphie «anatexique».  1, fiche 10, Français, - origine%20anatectique

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Kniffin Training. This is the most popular training system in the eastern regions. The photograph in Plate VIII shows a young vine trained to the four-cane Kniffin form, just after it has been pruned. The vine consists of a trunk about four feet long, to reach to the top wire of a four-foot trellis. Near the head may be seen two canes and two spurs-the canes to produce the season's crop, and the spurs to produce the renewal wood for the subsequent season. At a point on the trunk near the lower wire, two canes with their spurs are also left. These lower canes are pruned somewhat shorter than the top canes, because the growth of their shoots tends to be less vigorous. Shoots from the eyes of the four canes droop downward(a normal way of growth for many of the native hybrids) forming a mantle of foliage for the fruit.(A Wine-Grower's Guide, 1965, p. 121).  1, fiche 11, Anglais, - Kniffin

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Dans les régions viticoles du nord de l'Amérique : New York, Ontario, Colombie Britannique, État de Washington, etc... le système Kniffen a été employé pendant longtemps, et l'est encore. Cette méthode procure un haut tronc permanent sur lequel 4, mais maintenant plutôt 6 sarments, que l'on appelle bras (arms) étagés de chaque côté, sont renouvelés annuellement. (La culture de la vigne au Québec, 1986, p. 99).  1, fiche 11, Français, - Kniffen

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Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Specifically, the zone in the upper mantle, variously defined as from 60 to 250 km in depth, in which velocities are about 6% lower than in the outermost mantle. It is probably caused by the near-melting-point temperature of the material.  1, fiche 12, Anglais, - low%2Dvelocity%20zone

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Une couche faible vitesse située dans le manteau sup. (...)  1, fiche 12, Français, - couche%20faible%20vitesse

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Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Anglais

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[Brachiopods of the] subfamily Leptellininae [have a] Strong cardinal process differentiated into [a] sharp median crest and lower lateral ridges on [the] posterior face; [the] lophophore platform [is] wide, extending to [the] postero-lateral margins, with [a] high median crest; [the] ventral mantle canal system [is] saccate to lemniscate, [the] dorsal mantle canal pattern [is] digitate or lemniscate. "L. Ord.-L. Sil. "  1, fiche 13, Anglais, - Leptellininae

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[les Brachiopodes de la] sous-famille des Leptellininae [ont un] processus cardinal formant une simple crête entre les plaques chilidiales, ou absent; [et un] disque viscéral surélevé. Ce sont des formes essentiellement ordoviciennes.  1, fiche 13, Français, - Leptellininae

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[The] Family Acrotretidae [is made up of] generally small to minute [inarticulate brachiopods] ;[the] pseudointerarea of [the] pedicle valve [is] commonly divided by [an] intertrough or deltoid pseudointerarea; [the] pedicle foramen [is] small, at or somewhat posterior to [the] beak, [and] may be [a] simple perforation or continued internally as some form of tube, [an] apical process [is] present in many species; [the] brachial valve [is] gently convex to gently concave, [a] marginal beak, pseudointerarea well developed to obsolescent, anacline to orthocline, [a] median septum [is] usually present, [and] may be merely a ridge or absent. Muscle scars of [the] pedicle valve include [a] pair of relatively large cardinal scars posterolaterally placed and [a] pair of small apical pits. [The] brachial valve bears [a] pair of large cardinal scars posterolaterally situated and [a] smaller pair of anterior scars close together, near [the] center of [the] valve; another more doubtful scar is medially placed immediately in front of [the] pseudointerarea. [A] ventral mantle canal system typically consists of [a] pair of baculate "vascula lateralia"(more rarely pinnate... ;[the] mantle canal system of [the] brachial valve... commonly comprises [a] pair of basculate "vascula lateralia" that diverge anterolaterally from in front of [the] beak, with [an] additional, poorly impressed pair of "vascula media". Lower Cambrian-Upper Silurian? Lower Devonian.  1, fiche 14, Anglais, - Acrotretidae

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[La] famille des Acrotretidae [...] [est une] famille unique [de Brachiopodes inarticulés appartenant à la superfamille des Acrotretacea,] avec trois sous-familles : Acrothelinae, [...] Acrotretinae [...], Acrosaccinae [...]  1, fiche 14, Français, - Acrotretidae

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