TERMIUM Plus^®

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A parser for which the parsing is directed by an anticipated sentence structure.  2, fiche 1, Anglais, - top%2Ddown%20parser

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A top-down parser is goal directed : it starts with the highest goal, parse sentence; each goal then invokes the next lower subgoal until the parser reaches the lowest goals like find noun or find verb.  3, fiche 1, Anglais, - top%2Ddown%20parser

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Meteorologists and climate scientists must have accurate cloud cover observations to correctly account for the amount of solar radiation which is reflected or absorbed before sunlight reaches Earth's surface, and the amount of radiation coming up from Earth's surface and lower atmosphere which is reflected or absorbed before it can escape to space.  1, fiche 2, Anglais, - cloud%20cover%20observation

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'observation de la couverture nuageuse, l'estimation des vents à partir du déplacement des nuages, la mesure de la tempé­rature de surface des océans sont autant de données indispensables à une bonne connaissance des mou­vements de l'atmosphère et à la prévision du temps.  1, fiche 2, Français, - observation%20de%20la%20couverture%20nuageuse

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The relative lack of wetlands and presence of permafrost means that there is only a limited area and depth in which melt-water can be stored, so that the spring melt-water typically runs quickly off the land rather than soaking into the ground and being released slowly over a long time period. The result is a "spring freshet" that starts in the lower reaches of the Peel River during the early part of May each year, and reaches its peak flow only a week or two later.  2, fiche 3, Anglais, - spring%20freshet

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Crue des eaux se produisant au printemps, au moment de la fonte des neiges et des glaces.  2, fiche 3, Français, - crue%20printani%C3%A8re

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De plus, la crue printanière a commencé au début d'avril […]  1, fiche 3, Français, - crue%20printani%C3%A8re

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A partially enclosed body of water in the lower reaches of a river, which is freely connected with the sea and which receives fresh water supplies from upland drainage areas.  3, fiche 4, Anglais, - estuary

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The Smithsonian Environmental Research Center (SERC) ... lies seven miles south of Annapolis, Maryland, on the Rhode River, a tidal arm of the Chesapeake Bay.  2, fiche 4, Anglais, - estuary

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

estuary: term and definition standardized by ISO.  4, fiche 4, Anglais, - estuary

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Étendue d'eau en partie fermée, sur le bief inférieur d'une rivière raccordée librement à la mer, et qui est alimentée en eau douce par des zones de drainage à l'amont.  3, fiche 4, Français, - estuaire

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Les étangs bitumineux de Sydney sont le résultat des rejets des fours de cokerie de Sydney Steel (Sysco) pendant environ un siècle dans Muggah Creek, un estuaire à marée du port de Sydney.  2, fiche 4, Français, - estuaire

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

estuaire à marée : Expression pléonastique, un estuaire étant par définition une étendue d'eau qui ressent la marée ou qui est façonnée par les courants de la marée.  4, fiche 4, Français, - estuaire

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 OBS

estuaire : terme et définition normalisés par l'ISO.  5, fiche 4, Français, - estuaire

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cuerpo de agua parcialmente cerrado en el tramo inferior de un río, que está conectado libremente con el mar y que recibe suministro de agua dulce procedente de las áreas de drenaje de tierras altas.  3, fiche 4, Espagnol, - estuario

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A sewage pump is an essential component of any waste processing system. While most plumbing systems rely on gravity to bring the waste material down to the sewer level to be processed, occasionally the sewage line is on higher ground than where the waste is originating from. In these cases, a sewage lift pump must be used to counter the effects of gravity and transport the waste matter to its destination.... A sewage lift pump, the primary component of a sewage lift system, is essentially a large tank in which waste water and material collect. Within the tank is a float device which raises and lowers depending on the level of waste in the tank at any given point in time. When the tank fills with waste matter and the float rises to a certain point within it, the sewage lift pump activates. The lift pump essentially forces the waste water and material up through a series of pipes to the sewer or septic lines where it will continue to be processed. As the lift pump moves more material from the tank, the float will begin to lower. Once it reaches a certain point towards the bottom of the tank, it will trigger the lift pump to shut off. All sewage lift pumps also have a built-in alarm that will sound if the float fails to operate correctly.  3, fiche 5, Anglais, - sewage%20lift%20pump

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Pan-American Highway is a network of roads nearly 48, 000 kilometres(29, 800 miles) in total length. Except for an 87 kilometre(54 mi) rainforest gap, called the Darién Gap, the road links the mainland nations of the Americas in a connected highway system. According to Guinness World Records, the Pan-American Highway is the world's longest "motorable road". However, because of the Darién Gap, it is not possible to cross between South America and Central America by traditional motor vehicle. The Pan-American Highway system is mostly complete and extends from Prudhoe Bay, Alaska, in North America to the lower reaches of South America. Several highway termini are claimed to exist, including the cities of Puerto Montt and Quellón in Chile and Ushuaia in Argentina. No comprehensive route is officially defined in Canada and the United States, though several highways there are called "Pan-American". The Pan-American Highway passes through many diverse climates and ecological types, from dense jungles to cold mountain passes. Since the highway passes through many countries, it is far from uniform. Some stretches of the highway are passable only during the dry season, and in many regions driving is occasionally hazardous.  1, fiche 6, Anglais, - Pan%2DAmerican%20Highway

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La transaméricaine ou autoroute panaméricaine est un système de voies rapides et d'autoroutes qui relie l'ensemble des Amériques : il est composé d'un axe principal qui parcourt le continent du nord au sud et de plusieurs axes secondaires transversaux. Sa longueur varie de 24 000 à 48 000 km [...], en raison du décompte d'axes secondaires ou de sections ne faisant pas officiellement partie du réseau; en particulier, l'ensemble du réseau routier fédéral des USA est officiellement reconnu comme faisant partie du système panaméricain, sans axe privilégié, ni signalisation particulière. Pour ces mêmes raisons, les différents auteurs ne s'accordent pas sur les points extrémaux du réseau. Conçue en 1923 pour être une route unique, la panaméricaine est finalement un raccord de différentes autoroutes construites par les pays participant au projet. La connexion du nord au sud est quasiment achevée : en 1997, il restait à réaliser deux tronçons totalisant 87 kilomètres au niveau du Panama et de la Colombie, mais la nécessité de traverser des parcs nationaux suscite une forte opposition et occasionne un retard important.  1, fiche 6, Français, - transam%C3%A9ricaine

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La Carretera Panamericana o "Ruta Panamericana", es un sistema colectivo de carreteras, de aproximadamente 48.000 km de largo, que vincula a casi todos los países del hemisferio occidental del continente americano con un tramo unido de carretera. Fue concebida en la V Conferencia Internacional de los Estados Americanos en 1923, celebrándose el Primer Congreso Panamericano de Carreteras en Buenos Aires en 1925, al que siguieron los de 1929 y 1939. La Carretera Panamericana se encuentra casi completa, y se extiende desde Alaska en América del Norte hasta la Patagonia en América del Sur. El tramo notable que impide que la carretera se conecte completamente es un tramo de 87 km de selva montañosa dura, ubicado entre el extremo este de Panamá y el noroeste de Colombia llamado el Tapón de Darién.  1, fiche 6, Espagnol, - Carretera%20Panamericana

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Stand with feet slightly wider than hip width apart and toes pointing out slightly. Squat down and grasp bar with a closed, pronated grip.... First pull phase : lift bar from floor by forcefully extending hips and knees.... Keep elbows fully extended(straight), head in a neutral position and shoulders over the bar. As bar raises, keep it as close to shins as possible. Transition(scoop) phase : as bar passes knees, thrust hips forward and slightly re-flex knees to avoid locking them.... Second pull phase : Forcefully and quickly extend hips and knees and plantar-flex ankles(stand on toes). Keep bar as close to body as possible.... Keep shoulders over bar and elbows extended(arms straight) as long as possible. When lower body joints reach full extension, rapidly shrug the shoulders upward, but do not let elbows flex yet. As shoulders reach their highest elevation, flex elbows to begin pulling body under bar. Continue to pull arms as high and as long as possible.... feet may lose contact with floor. Catch phase : after lower body has fully extended and bar reaches near maximal height, pull body under bar and rotate arms around and under bar. Simultaneously, hips and knees flex into a quarter squat position. Once arms are under bar, lift elbows to position the upper arms parallel to floor. Rack the bar across front of clavicles(collar bones) and anterior deltoids(front shoulder muscles).... Stand up by extending hips and knees to a fully erect position. Downward movement phase :lower bar by gradually reducing muscular tension of arms to allow a controlled descent of the bar to the thighs.... Squat down with the elbows fully extended until the bar touches the floor.  2, fiche 7, Anglais, - power%20clean

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

When accumulation minus ablation, the net budget, is zero over a long period, the glacier is in a steady state, accumulating new snow in its upper reaches and constantly moving downslope to the lower reaches, where ablation takes place.  4, fiche 8, Anglais, - steady%20state

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The ice sheet is said to be in (dynamical) equilibrium if each column of ice gains as much as it loses. The mass balance integrated over the ice sheet must then be zero. The steady state concept is a theoretical concept, which will hardly ever be met because accumulation and ablation are highly variable on short time scales and the flow varies on much longer time scales. So only under a constant climate of say ten thousand years a real steady state will be reached.  2, fiche 8, Anglais, - steady%20state

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

steady state: term used at Natural Resources Canada - Earth Sciences Sector.  5, fiche 8, Anglais, - steady%20state

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Si un glacier est stationnaire au cours des ans (c'est-à-dire si sa forme et son volume ne varient pas) et si les bilans spécifiques sont également stationnaires, on peut affirmer que les vitesses en des points donnés (fixes dans l'espace) sont toujours les mêmes. Le mouvement est permanent, ou [...] le glacier a atteint un état de régime.  1, fiche 8, Français, - %C3%A9tat%20de%20r%C3%A9gime

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

équilibre dynamique : terme en usage à Ressources naturelles Canada - Secteur des sciences de la Terre.  4, fiche 8, Français, - %C3%A9tat%20de%20r%C3%A9gime

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

RCMP [Royal Canadian Mounted Police] funeral procedures.  1, fiche 9, Anglais, - prepare%20to%20lower%20%2D%2D%20lower

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

As the bearer party reaches the rear of the funeral coach, the commander will give the following orders : Prepare to lower... LOWER.  2, fiche 9, Anglais, - prepare%20to%20lower%20%2D%2D%20lower

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 3 OBS

prepare to lower -- lower: term usually written "Prepare to lower ... LOWER!" in Royal Canadian Mounted Police documents when used as a procedural term or an order.  3, fiche 9, Anglais, - prepare%20to%20lower%20%2D%2D%20lower

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Commandement utilisé dans les cérémonies funéraires de la Gendarmerie royale du Canada.  2, fiche 9, Français, - pr%C3%AAts%20%C3%A0%20baisser%20%2D%2D%20baissez

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

prêts à baisser -- baisser : terme genéralement employé de la façon suivante : «Prêts à baisser -- BAISSEZ!» dans les documents de la Gendarmerie royale du Canada lorsqu'il désigne un terme de procédure ou un commandement.  2, fiche 9, Français, - pr%C3%AAts%20%C3%A0%20baisser%20%2D%2D%20baissez

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The onset of the fine sequence coincided with local onset of olivine basaltic volcanism which produced flows that dammed the stream valleys and with which the finer sediments were interstratified in the lower reaches of the valleys.  1, fiche 10, Anglais, - olivine%20basaltic%20volcanism

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le début de la sédimentation de la séquence de roches sédimentaires à grain fin coïncide avec celui d'une activité volcanique locale qui s'est traduite par l'épanchement de laves basaltiques à olivine; les coulées ont barré les vallées fluviales et sont interstratifiées avec les roches sédimentaires à grain fin dans les parties inférieures des vallées.  1, fiche 10, Français, - activit%C3%A9%20volcanique%20qui%20s%27est%20traduite%20par%20l%27%C3%A9panchement%20de%20laves%20basaltiques%20%C3%A0%20olivine

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The immune response of the host to the initial stimulation with antigen, characterized by a longer period between exposure and antibody synthesis or cellular recognition than occurs with a secondary (anamnestic) immune response.  1, fiche 11, Anglais, - primary%20immune%20response

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The primary antibody response(following the first contact) has a longer lag phase, reaches a lower plateau and declines more quickly.  3, fiche 11, Anglais, - primary%20immune%20response

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Réponse immunitaire (cellulaire ou humorale) qui suit la première rencontre avec un antigène  2, fiche 11, Français, - r%C3%A9ponse%20primaire

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On oppose les réactions primaires observées après la première injection d'un antigène aux réactions secondaires qui se développent après une injection de rappel. On distingue trois phases au cours d'une réaction primaire : une phase de latence entre l'administration de l'antigène et l'apparition de taux détectables d'anticorps dans le sérum, une phase de croissance des titres d'anticorps, puis une phase de décroissance.  1, fiche 11, Français, - r%C3%A9ponse%20primaire

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The guard commander orders the bugler to sound "Stand Fast". At the completion of the Call the band commences the introduction to "Retreat" then, when the band starts "Retreat, "the commander orders the guard to present arms and the flag orderly commences to lower the Flag(the timing of the lowering of the Flag is to be such that the Flag reaches the bottom of the pole at the same time as the "Retreat" is completed).  1, fiche 12, Anglais, - flag%20orderly

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Paleodrainage pattern ... representing the distribution of a valley system as it existed at a given moment of geologic time.  3, fiche 13, Anglais, - paleodrainage

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Late Pliocene and Quaternary erosion has removed much of these basalts and sediments, particularly in the lower reaches of the Miocene paleodrainage.  4, fiche 13, Anglais, - paleodrainage

Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 14,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Part of a stream channel in the lower region of a drainage basin.  3, fiche 14, Anglais, - lower%20reach

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... the finer sediments were interstratified in the lower reaches of the valleys.  4, fiche 14, Anglais, - lower%20reach

Fiche 14,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Partie du cours d'eau située dans la région la moins élevée du bassin versant.  4, fiche 14, Français, - partie%20inf%C3%A9rieure

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] les coulées ont barré les vallées fluviales et sont interstratifiées avec les roches sédimentaires à grain fin dans les parties inférieures des vallées.  1, fiche 14, Français, - partie%20inf%C3%A9rieure

Fiche 14,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Parte de un cauce en la zona inferior de la cuenca.  1, fiche 14, Espagnol, - tramo%20inferior

Fiche 15,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Late Pliocene and Quaternary erosion has removed much of these basalts and sediments, particularly in the lower reaches of the Miocene paleodrainage. This later phase of erosion into the basement after prolonged protection by the basalt cover gives the appearance of renewed uplift. Only small basalt caps remain in upper tributary paleovalleys and on the flanks of main paleovalleys.  2, fiche 15, Anglais, - basalt%20cap

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Uranium deposits are hosted in both coarse and fine facies... beneath and adjacent to basalt caps in the uppermost tributary paleovalleys ...  2, fiche 15, Anglais, - basalt%20cap

Fiche 15,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il ne subsiste que de petits chapeaux de basalte dans les paléovallées tributaires et sur les versants des paléovallées principales.  1, fiche 15, Français, - chapeau%20de%20basalte

Fiche 15,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 16,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The onset of the fine sequence coincided with local onset of olivine basaltic volcanism which produced flows that dammed the stream valleys and with which the finer sediments were interstratified in the lower reaches of the valleys.  1, fiche 16, Anglais, - onset

Fiche 16,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le début de la sédimentation de la séquence de roches sédimentaires à grain fin coïncide avec celui d'une activité volcanique locale qui s'est traduite par l'épanchement de laves basaltiques à olivine; les coulées ont barré les vallées fluviales et sont interstratifiées avec les roches sédimentaires à grain fin dans les parties inférieures des vallées.  1, fiche 16, Français, - d%C3%A9but

Fiche 16,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 17,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Streaks or wisps of precipitation, such as water or ice particles, that fall from clouds but evaporate before reaching the ground.  6, fiche 17, Anglais, - virga

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Virga is frequently seen trailing from altocumulus and altostratus clouds, but also is discernible below the bases of high-level cumuliform clouds from which precipitation is falling into a dry subcloud layer. It typically exhibits a hooked form in which the streaks descend nearly vertically just under the precipitation source but appear to be almost horizontal at their lower extremities. Such curvature of virga can be produced simply by effects of strong vertical wind shear, but ordinarily it results from the fact that droplet or crystal evaporation decreases the particle terminal fall velocity near the ends of the streaks. Under some conditions, virga are associated with dry microbursts, which are formed as a product of the evaporation.  7, fiche 17, Anglais, - virga

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 CONT

They are actually altocumulus clouds from which precipitation is falling. Such trails of water droplets or ice particles are called virgae (or sometimes fallstreaks) and, by definition, do not reach the ground.  8, fiche 17, Anglais, - virga

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

virga. From a distance, the event sometimes may be mistaken for a funnel cloud or tornado.  6, fiche 17, Anglais, - virga

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 OBS

virga. This supplementary feature occurs mostly with Cirrocumulus, Altocumulus, Altostratus, Nimbostratus, Stratocumulus, Cumulus and Cumulonimbus.  9, fiche 17, Anglais, - virga

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 3 OBS

In the consulted sources, plural of "virga" is "virga" or "virgae".  10, fiche 17, Anglais, - virga

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 4 OBS

Some authors consider "fall streaks" and "fallstreaks" as synonyms of "virga". Compare "fall streaks".  10, fiche 17, Anglais, - virga

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 5 OBS

Fall streaks are the wisps that can sometimes be seen falling below high, thin cirrus clouds. They are ice crystals that fall out of the cloud but evaporate as they fall into drier air below. Fall streaks are analogous to another phenomenon known as "virga, "which is rain falling from lower clouds and evaporating before it reaches the ground.  11, fiche 17, Anglais, - virga

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Virga of altocumulus, cirrocumulus, rain, snow.  10, fiche 17, Anglais, - virga

Fiche 17,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Traînées de précipitations [pluie, neige ou cristaux de glace], verticales ou obliques, attenantes à la base d'un nuage et n'atteignant pas la surface terrestre.  4, fiche 17, Français, - virga

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Tant que les gouttelettes, ou les cristaux de glace sont petits, ils restent dans le nuage. Mais leur coalescence conduit à leur chute sous l'effet de la pesanteur. Parfois la précipitation n'atteint pas le sol, l'eau s'évapore en altitude et sous le nuage se distingue une sorte de frange appelée virga.  5, fiche 17, Français, - virga

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Altocumulus castellanus. Des filaments de neige en chute apparaissent sous la base de ces nuages, mais la précipitation (appelée virga) n'atteint pas le sol puisqu'elle s'évapore avant. Le virga est composé de cristaux de glace et de flocons de neige.  6, fiche 17, Français, - virga

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Cette particularité supplémentaire se présente, le plus souvent, avec les Cirrocumulus, Altocumulus, Altostratus, Nimbostratus, Stratocumulus, Cumulus et Cumulonimbus.  4, fiche 17, Français, - virga

Fiche 17,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Estelas de precipitación, verticales u oblicuas, unidas a la superficie inferior de una nube, que no llegan a la superficie de la Tierra.  2, fiche 17, Espagnol, - virga

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Esta particularidad suplementaria se observa principalmente en los Cirrocumulus, Altocumulus, Altostratus, Nimbostratus, Stratocumulus, Cumulus y Cumulonimbus.  2, fiche 17, Espagnol, - virga

Fiche 18,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

fall streaks : ... falling ice crystals that evaporate before reaching the ground.  3, fiche 18, Anglais, - fall%20streak

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Fall streaks form when snowflakes and ice crystals fall from cirrus clouds. The change in wind with height and how quickly these ice crystals fall determine the shapes and sizes the fall streaks attain. Since ice crystals fall much more slowly than raindrops, fall streaks tend to be stretched out horizontally as well as vertically. Cirrus streaks may be nearly straight, shaped like a comma, or seemingly all tangled together. Similar to fall streaks is virga, which appears as streamers suspended in the air beneath the base of precipitating clouds.  4, fiche 18, Anglais, - fall%20streak

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 2 CONT

A Fall streaks are the wisps that can sometimes be seen falling below high, thin cirrus clouds. They are ice crystals that fall out of the cloud but evaporate as they fall into drier air below. Fall streaks are analogous to another phenomenon known as "virga, "which is rain falling from lower clouds and evaporating before it reaches the ground.  5, fiche 18, Anglais, - fall%20streak

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

fallstreak; fall streak: terms usually used in the plural (fallstreaks; fall streaks).  6, fiche 18, Anglais, - fall%20streak

Fiche 18,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cirrus (Ci). Traînées filamenteuses de délicats nuages blancs formés de cristaux de glace et qui ressortent sur le bleu du ciel. Ils peuvent avoir de nombreuses formes : celles de flocons isolés, de panaches en forme de plumes ou de traînées de cristaux de glace en chute dans la direction des vents. [...] Le cirrus est un nuage générateur de précipitations, mais celles-ci s'évaporent avant d'atteindre le sol.  2, fiche 18, Français, - tra%C3%AEn%C3%A9e%20de%20cristaux%20de%20glace

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

traînée de cristaux de glace : terme fréquemment utilisé au pluriel (traînées de cristaux de glace).  3, fiche 18, Français, - tra%C3%AEn%C3%A9e%20de%20cristaux%20de%20glace

Fiche 18,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 19,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The above photo shows a halo phenomenon known as the upper tangent arc. When cirrus clouds contain columnar ice crystals aligned so that their axes are all in a horizontal direction, this type of arc may be produced. A characteristic of this arc-shaped patch of light is that it’s directly above the Sun (it bends upward away from the Sun), and it’s approximately 22 degrees away from the Sun itself - about 2 fists held at arms length.  1, fiche 19, Anglais, - upper%20tangent%20arc

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The 22° halo is most common, but other halo forms are sometimes seen. The tangent arcs to the 22° halo can appear if the sun's declination is less than 32°. One is called the lower tangent arc to the 22° halo, and the other is the upper tangent arc to the 22° halo. The shape of these tangent haloes depends upon the sun's declination. If the sun is close to the horizon, the two upper arcs angle sharply away from the 22° halo. As the sun rises higher in the sky, the tangent arcs move toward the 22° halo. When the sun's declination reaches 32°above the horizon, the lower and upper tangent arcs make contact, and the resulting ring is called the circumscribed halo. It touches the 22° halo above and beneath the sun. When the sun is just above 32°the circumscribed halo resembles a double oval. As the sun rises higher it becomes increasingly circular and draws nearer to the 22° halo. When the sun's declination exceeds 70°, the circumscribed arc nearly coincides with the 22° halo.  2, fiche 19, Anglais, - upper%20tangent%20arc

Fiche 19,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Un peu au-dessus ou au-dessous de l'astre lumineux [soleil], à la distance de 22 degrés, on peut fréquemment voir des arcs supérieurs et inférieurs tangents au petit anneau. En fait, on observe plus souvent les arcs supérieurs; ils ont souvent de belles couleurs. [...] Sur l'image suivante, on voit un arc tangent supérieur.  2, fiche 19, Français, - arc%20tangent%20sup%C3%A9rieur

Fiche 19,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 20,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The 22° halo is most common, but other halo forms are sometimes seen. The tangent arcs to the 22° halo can appear if the sun's declination is less than 32°. One is called the lower tangent arc to the 22° halo, and the other is the upper tangent arc to the 22° halo. The shape of these tangent haloes depends upon the sun's declination. If the sun is close to the horizon, the two upper arcs angle sharply away from the 22° halo. As the sun rises higher in the sky, the tangent arcs move toward the 22° halo. When the sun's declination reaches 32°above the horizon, the lower and upper tangent arcs make contact, and the resulting ring is called the circumscribed halo. It touches the 22° halo above and beneath the sun. When the sun is just above 32°the circumscribed halo resembles a double oval. As the sun rises higher it becomes increasingly circular and draws nearer to the 22° halo. When the sun's declination exceeds 70°, the circumscribed arc nearly coincides with the 22° halo.  1, fiche 20, Anglais, - lower%20tangent%20arc

Fiche 20,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Un peu au-dessus ou au-dessous de l'astre lumineux [soleil], à la distance de 22 degrés, on peut fréquemment voir des arcs supérieurs et inférieurs tangents au petit anneau.  2, fiche 20, Français, - arc%20tangent%20inf%C3%A9rieur

Fiche 20,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 21,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the vegetation of the Bornish Hill Nature Reserve is largely composed of the Northern Appalachian floristic element, which reaches its limits at the lower elevations of the Northern Peninsula of Cape Breton.  4, fiche 21, Anglais, - floristic%20element

Fiche 21,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'île de Terre-Neuve constitue aussi la frontière orientale du golfe du Saint-Laurent; le golfe est bien connu pour ses éléments floristiques disjoints de types cordillérien, arctique-alpin ou amphi-atlantique.  2, fiche 21, Français, - %C3%A9l%C3%A9ment%20floristique

Fiche 21,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Plantas asociadas a ciertas condiciones climáticas y edafológicas.  2, fiche 21, Espagnol, - elemento%20flor%C3%ADstico

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Esta flora, en Bangladesh, comprende 182 especies de árboles correspondientes a 136 géneros dentro de 48 familias. La mayor parte de ellas tienen usos múltiples, y unas 40 son frutales. Los elementos florísticos son nativos, africanos, del Nuevo Mundo y australianos.  3, fiche 21, Espagnol, - elemento%20flor%C3%ADstico

Fiche 22,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A type of "sensor" that is built into the vehicle’s sound system that compensates the volume for outside road noise.  1, fiche 22, Anglais, - speed%20compensated%20volume%20control

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

When the vehicle reaches higher speeds, road noise increases, thereby drowning out the volume of the sound system. The Speed Compensated Volume Control lets you drive without having to fumble with the volume knob by increasing the volume at higher speeds and decreasing the volume at lower speeds.  1, fiche 22, Anglais, - speed%20compensated%20volume%20control

Fiche 22,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 22,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 23,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A narrow strip beyond which, for various reasons of soil or climate, vegetation of a particular kind can’t grow.  4, fiche 23, Anglais, - vegetation%20limit

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... sixteen cross-sections at three longitudinally-separated reaches were examined. At each cross-section the height on the banks of the river where the vegetation changed to bare substrate was measured. HEC-RAS modelling was also conducted for each cross-section in order to determine the volume of daily flow associated with the height of the vegetation on the river-banks. Flow duration curves were constructed for each reach, from which the percentage of time that flow within the channel would reach the height on the banks of each vegetation limit was determined. This showed that, at the majority of cross-sections, the vegetation limits were associated with much higher flows than the low flow. This may be because a range of other processes are acting to prevent the growth of terrestrial vegetation lower down on the banks.  5, fiche 23, Anglais, - vegetation%20limit

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Cartographic Glossary  3, fiche 23, Anglais, - vegetation%20limit

Fiche 23,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Zone étroite au delà de laquelle une ou plusieurs conditions pédoclimatiques ne permettent plus la croissance d'une végétation donnée.  2, fiche 23, Français, - limite%20de%20v%C3%A9g%C3%A9tation

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La température intervient très souvent dans ces limites. C'est en montagne et sur le littoral que ces limites sont généralement les plus nettes. Les limites de végétation, en plaine, de la vigne et de l'olivier par exemple, sont cependant bien connues. L'amélioration génétique (du maïs ou du soja par exemple) a parfois visé et conduit à déplacer les limites de végétation et à étendre ainsi les aires de végétation. Le sol, de par sa faculté de régulation hydrique et thermique joue un rôle non négligeable dans ce zonage.  2, fiche 23, Français, - limite%20de%20v%C3%A9g%C3%A9tation

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Évolution du trait de côte entre 1991 et 1998 : Avancée de la limite de végétation de l'ordre de +5 m entre septembre 91 et septembre 93, suivie d'un recul d'environ -5,5, jusqu'en mars 95. Apparition d'une microfalaise d'érosion entre septembre 95 et juillet 97, avec des phases de rééquilibrage du profil marquées par des avancées ponctuelles de la limite de végétation en pied de dune. Au bilan, avancée de la limite de végétation de l'ordre de +0,2 m entre septembre 91 et novembre 98.  3, fiche 23, Français, - limite%20de%20v%C3%A9g%C3%A9tation

Fiche 23,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 24,  Justifications,  Anglais

Fiche 24,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Contraire d'amont pour la direction d'un courant, d'un vent.  1, fiche 24, Français, - aval

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Falaise d'aval.  1, fiche 24, Français, - aval

Fiche 24,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 25,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Using hydraulics, the upper bridge section is raised slightly to allow the lower section to be pushed to the rear of the launch vehicle until it reaches its maximum extent, supported all the while on a short frame assembly.  1, fiche 25, Anglais, - upper%20bridge%20section

Fiche 25,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Un système hydraulique soulève légèrement la demi-travée supérieure pour permettre le poussage à l'extérieur de la demi-travée inférieure qui pendant toute l'opération est soutenue par un portique.  1, fiche 25, Français, - demi%2Dtrav%C3%A9e%20sup%C3%A9rieure

Fiche 25,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 26,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

This type enters the spawning rivers from July through October and typically spawns in the lower to middle reaches of the river system. Fry of ocean-type chinook salmon migrate to sea during their first year of life, either immediately upon emergence from the spawning nest in the spring or after about 2 months of river residence, in June.  1, fiche 26, Anglais, - ocean%2Dtype%20chinook%20salmon

Fiche 26,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Source : Denise Campillo, Traductions scientifiques/Biologie.  1, fiche 26, Français, - saumon%20quinnat%20de%20type%20oc%C3%A9anique

Fiche 26,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 27,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Usually, the population is practically wiped out by failing recruitment before the pH reaches levels low enough to kill bigger fish.... Experiments... indicate that for normal hatching and fry development there is a lower pH limit lying between pH 5. 0 and 5. 5 for salmon, between 4. 5 and 5. 0 for sea trout and of about pH 4. 5 for brown trout.  1, fiche 27, Anglais, - pH%20limit

Fiche 27,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il existe une législation aux termes de laquelle un déversement doit rester dans certaines limites de température, de pH, etc., et ne doit contenir aucune substance dangereuse pour les égoutiers; dès lors, plusieurs industries doivent traiter leurs effluents avant tout rejet dans le réseau public.  2, fiche 27, Français, - limite%20de%20pH

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les processus biochimiques qui se déroulent dans les sols dépendent souvent de l'activité des ions H+ : d'où l'importance du pH en agriculture (amélioration du rendement des cultures quand le pH est compris entre certaines limites).  3, fiche 27, Français, - limite%20de%20pH

Fiche 27,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 28,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In most warm-air systems, the thermostat controls a fuel burner or central heating coil... The furnace fan is controlled by a different thermostat located in the warm-air discharge duct from the furnace. The fan is turned on automatically when the air temperature in this duct, or bonnet, reaches a certain level, and it continues to operate until the temperature in the bonnet reaches a somewhat lower "off" setting. Ideally, the "cut-in" temperature should be about 43°C and the "cut-out" temperature about 29°C.  1, fiche 28, Anglais, - cut%2Din%20temperature

Fiche 28,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La température d'enclenchement est la température pour laquelle l'appareil de réglage donne l'ordre de commutation.  2, fiche 28, Français, - temp%C3%A9rature%20de%20mise%20en%20marche

Fiche 28,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 29,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In most warm-air systems, the thermostat controls a fuel burner or central heating coil... The furnace fan is controlled by a different thermostat located in the warm-air discharge duct from the furnace. The fan is turned on automatically when the air temperature in this duct, or bonnet, reaches a certain level, and it continues to operate until the temperature in the bonnet reaches a somewhat lower "off" setting. Ideally the "cut-in" temperature should be about 43°C and the "cut-out" temperature about 29°C.  1, fiche 29, Anglais, - cut%2Dout%20temperature

Fiche 29,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 29,  Justifications,  Espagnol