TERMIUM Plus^®

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Anglais

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... the general problem with the Riefler clocks... was that, although they were very accurate over short periods, changes in their rates made them of little use for studies extending over several months. This defect was remedied to a great extent in the Shortt clock..., which was invented by the British engineer William Shortt... Like in the Riefler clock, the master pendulum of the Shortt clock was housed in a largely evacuated tube. The master pendulum synchronized the motion of a second "slave" pendulum. The slave pendulum sent electrical signals to the master's drive mechanism and to operate the dialwork on the slave clock. By an elaborate electromechanical feedback the master and slave pendulums kept each other synchronized.  2, fiche 1, Anglais, - Shortt%20clock

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[An] instrument for recording the Earth’s horizontal movements over a short distance during an earthquake.  1, fiche 2, Anglais, - Wood%2DAnderson%20torsion%20seismometer

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Instead of a pendulum, the motion generated when this instrument was shaken by an earthquake came from the rotation of a small, copper, inertial mass(C) affixed to a thin wire under high tension(T), hence the name torsion seismometer.  2, fiche 2, Anglais, - Wood%2DAnderson%20torsion%20seismometer

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Français

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Instrument qui permet d'enregistrer, sur une courte distance, les mouvements horizontaux de la Terre pendant un séisme.  3, fiche 2, Français, - sismom%C3%A8tre%20Wood%2DAnderson

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Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Dissipation of oscillatory or vibratory energy with motion or with time.  2, fiche 3, Anglais, - damping

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A gyrocompass can take a number of different forms, all of them making use of the principle of the gyroscope and the pendulum. The instruments have to be mounted so as to isolate them from the rolling, pitching, and other motions of the ships [or vehicles] on which they are placed. They also incorporate "damping" features to control the motion of the gyroscope as it responds to the earth's gravity.  2, fiche 3, Anglais, - damping

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Français

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Réduction par dissipation d'énergie de l'amplitude des oscillations causées par une excitation.  2, fiche 3, Français, - amortissement

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Le compas gyroscopique est basé sur le principe que tout corps qui tourne sur lui même tend à maintenir son axe de rotation dans une direction donnée. L'axe de rotation du compas gyroscopique est stabilisé dans la direction du nord géographique. Un système d'amortissement (volant d'inertie) conserve cette direction quels que soient les mouvements du navire [ou du véhicule].  3, fiche 3, Français, - amortissement

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Forbes used the inverted pendulum, mounted on a stiff wire, to provide a sensing element in weakly-stable equilibrium, without having to use a very long common pendulum. An upright inverted pendulum, by itself, is in unstable equilibrium. A slight motion topples it over. When the inverted pendulum is mounted on a suitably stiff wire, the apparatus may be rendered stable, so that the inverted pendulum returns to an upright position after having been disturbed.  2, fiche 4, Anglais, - inverted%20pendulum

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Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Anglais

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A polar robot whose mechanical structure of the arm includes a universal joint pivoting subassembly.  3, fiche 5, Anglais, - pendular%20robot

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The Pendubot, short for PENDUlum RoBOT, is an electro-mechanical(or mechatronic) system consisting of two rigid links interconnected by revolute joints. The first joint is actuated by a DC-[direct current] motor and the second joint is unactuated. Thus the second link may be thought of as a simple pendulum whose motion can be controlled by actuation of the first link. The Pendubot is similar in spirit to the classical inverted pendulum on a cart or the more recent rotational inverted pendulum.  2, fiche 5, Anglais, - pendular%20robot

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Français

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Robot polaire dont la structure mécanique du bras comprend un sous-ensemble pivotant de type transmission par cadran.  2, fiche 5, Français, - robot%20pendulaire

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Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Anglais

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A gyro based on the coupling of a structural, driven, vibrating mode into at least one other structural mode (pickoff) via Coriolis acceleration.  1, fiche 6, Anglais, - Coriolis%20vibratory%20gyro

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The Coriolis force experienced by an object moving with a velocity relative to a rotating reference frame can be used to sense this angular motion. This force is proportional to the relative velocity and to the angular rate and is perpendicular to both. This principle was demonstrated in the 19th century by Foucault with his pendulum and by Bryan with his ringing wine-glass experiment. Gyroscopes employing this principle are called Coriolis vibrating gyroscopes or CVGs.  3, fiche 6, Anglais, - Coriolis%20vibratory%20gyro

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Français

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Les gyroscopes classiques, mécaniques, sont basés sur la rotation rapide et entretenue d'un solide qui peut s'incliner indépendamment du bâti dans toutes les directions. Cette rotation rapide lui permet d'être très stable et d'indiquer une direction de référence [qui] permet de mesurer l'inclinaison du bâti selon trois axes de référence. [...] Dans tous les cas, le système qui entretient la rotation impose un certain nombre de conditions, notamment en terme d'encombrement et de coût. [...] Pour ces raisons, plusieurs autres types de gyroscopes ont été développés : des gyroscopes «vibrants» (mesurant la force de Coriolis due à la rotation), et des gyroscopes optiques [...]  5, fiche 6, Français, - gyroscope%20vibrant

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[Léon Foucault] inventa, en 1852, le premier gyroscope à toupie où l'inertialité d'un axe de rotation de toupie se substitue à celle du plan de vibration. Un siècle plus tard, l'industrie, riche de l'expérience des gyroscopes à toupie [...] redécouvre les vertus du pendule et donne naissance à une nouvelle famille de gyroscopes mécaniques, les gyroscopes vibrants.  2, fiche 6, Français, - gyroscope%20vibrant

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[...] certains laboratoires ont étudié divers dispositifs de mesure des rotations absolues ne présentant qu'une analogie assez lointaine avec les gyroscopes classiques [dont] les gyroscopes à vibrations, dans lesquels le mouvement de rotation de la toupie est remplacé par le mouvement de va-et-vient d'éléments mécaniques; [...]  4, fiche 6, Français, - gyroscope%20vibrant

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Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The motion of the gyroscope can be seen as a special kind of a pendulum swing. The swing is not a straight one which passes underneath the suspension point. It is constantly deviated to the side and returns back earlier to the same height.  2, fiche 7, Anglais, - gyro%20suspension%20point

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If in a gravitational field you support a rotating body in only a single point that is not the center of gravity (center of mass), there is a torque acting on it; if the rotation is fast enough to be associated with a substantial angular momentum and the change in angular momentum effected by that torque is comparatively small, you will observe precession. Gyroscopes used for navigation have to be suspended in their center of gravity and in a way that when changing direction of the box (airplane) around it no torque is applied through that suspension.  3, fiche 7, Anglais, - gyro%20suspension%20point

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Français

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Précession : cas d'un gyroscope non suspendu en son centre de gravité. Supposons que [...] le centre de gravité G au lieu de se trouver confondu avec le point de suspension du gyroscope se trouve en un point de l'axe de celui-ci différent du point de suspension.  1, fiche 7, Français, - point%20de%20suspension%20du%20gyroscope

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Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The overall picture formed by all possible initial conditions in the(x, x) plane is referred to as the phase portrait. Consider the motion of a pendulum which comes to rest due to air resistance. In the abstract two-dimensional phase space(with coordinates x, and velocity, x) motions appear as noncrossing spirals converging asymptotically towards the resting, fixed state. This focus is called a point attractor which attracts all local transient motions.  2, fiche 8, Anglais, - phase%20portrait

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Français

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Représentation de toutes les courbes solutions issues de toutes les conditions initiales d'un système dynamique.  3, fiche 8, Français, - portrait%20de%20phase

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Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Anglais

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Any of various levers or surfaces in a timepiece that receives an impulse from the escape wheel and imparts motion to a balance or pendulum.  1, fiche 9, Anglais, - pallet

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Français

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Pièce de l'échappement se présentant sous forme d'un levier d'entrée et d'un levier de sortie soulevés alternativement par les dents de la roue d'échappement pour donner l'impulsion d'entretien au balancier-spiral ou au pendule.  1, fiche 9, Français, - ancre

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Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Anglais

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The device in a timepiece which controls the motion of the train of wheelwork and through which the energy of the weight, mainspring or other power source is delivered to the pendulum or balance by means of impulses that keep the latter in regular vibration and thus permit a tooth to escape from a pallet at regular intervals.  1, fiche 10, Anglais, - escapement

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Français

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Dispositif des appareils horaires mécaniques qui distribue seulement l'énergie nécessaire à l'entretien des oscillations du pendule ou du balancier annulaire.  1, fiche 10, Français, - %C3%A9chappement

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Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Anglais

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[A torsional pendulum is a] device consisting of a disk or other large moment of inertia mounted on one end of a torsionally flexible elastic rod whose other end is held fixed; if the disk is twisted and released, it will undergo simple harmonic motion, provided the torque in the rod is proportional to the angle of twist.  2, fiche 11, Anglais, - torsionally%20flexible

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Français

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Pouvant subir une torsion.  1, fiche 11, Français, - torsible

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Le rotor anti-couple: simple lame torsible et flexible en matériau composite, et de nombreux accessoires empruntés à la grande série (industries automobile et connexes).  1, fiche 11, Français, - torsible

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Espagnol

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Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Espagnol