TERMIUM Plus^®

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A roughly spherical region of bone destruction, filled with pus or connective tissue ...  2, fiche 2, Anglais, - Brodie%26rsquo%3Bs%20abscess

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[It is] usually found in the metaphyseal region of long bones and caused by Staphylococcus aureus.  2, fiche 2, Anglais, - Brodie%26rsquo%3Bs%20abscess

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The classic appearance on X-ray is a small walled-off cavity in the bone with little or no periosteal reaction.  3, fiche 2, Anglais, - Brodie%26rsquo%3Bs%20abscess

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Variété d'ostéite chronique entraînant la formation, à l'intérieur d'un os (métaphyse d'un os long ou os court), d'une cavité contenant du pus et parfois un ou plusieurs séquestres en grelot.  2, fiche 2, Français, - abc%C3%A8s%20de%20Brodie

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Il se présente radiologiquement comme une zone transparente arrondie intra-osseuse avec ostéosclérose de pourtour.  2, fiche 2, Français, - abc%C3%A8s%20de%20Brodie

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Useful for orthopedic procedures in children and wherever exposure does not permit introduction of larger elevator. Sharp: care should be taken not to cut soft or softened bone.  6, fiche 3, Anglais, - Cobb%20spinal%20elevator

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

In practice many English-language instrument catalogues interchange the terms "raspatory", "rugine" and "periosteal elevator" haphazardly, though "rugine" tends to be reserved for instruments of French design.... Indeed, the French for "raspatory" is "rugine"; and to clarify English usage, either one term or the other should be discarded.  7, fiche 3, Anglais, - Cobb%20spinal%20elevator

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

À la rugine de Cobb, on désinsère le ligament jaune de la lame. Ce geste n’est pas dangereux si l’on prend garde à : Tenir la rugine de Cobb à deux mains, pour obtenir le bon geste; Exercer une manœuvre de levier pour plaquer la rugine de Cobb sur la face profonde de la lame. [...] Effectuer des petits mouvements de rotation droite gauche pour décoller le ligament progressivement et ne pas passer brutalement dans le canal.  3, fiche 3, Français, - rugine%20de%20Cobb

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A bony defect which in roentgenograms has the appearance of an incomplete fracture with associated periosteal reaction and callus or new bone formation, sometimes observed in osteomalacia.  1, fiche 4, Anglais, - pseudofracture

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Image radiologique de certaines maladies osseuses dont l'aspect ressemble à une fracture.  1, fiche 4, Français, - pseudo%2Dfracture

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Of the periosteum.  3, fiche 5, Anglais, - periosteal

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Qui se rapporte au périoste.  1, fiche 5, Français, - p%C3%A9riostique

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A nonspecific sign of various bone diseases such as Ewing's sarcoma, chondrosarcoma, metastatic carcinoma, syphilis, chronic osteomyelitis, and chronic hemolytic anemia. The sign consists of short or long, fine or coarse periosteal spicules which are perpendicular to the cortex. They may be few in number or form a well developed palisade.  1, fiche 6, Anglais, - spiculation

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Réaction périostée apparaissant sous l'aspect de fins spicules perpendiculaires au cortex. Ce type de réaction se rencontre principalement dans les tumeurs rapidement évolutives, beaucoup plus rarement dans les métastases et très exceptionnellement dans les lésions infectieuses.  2, fiche 6, Français, - spiculation

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Freer] elevator is conveniently shaped for blunt dissection and tissue manipulation in small spaces. It is often used with a small ball of bone wax on it’s tip, to aide in bone hemostasis, in hard to reach areas.  1, fiche 7, Anglais, - Freer%20elevator

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

There are many varieties of elevators, according to their function : abdominal elevator; cornal elevator; dental elevator; ear elevator; neurosurgical elevator; nose elevator; orthopedic elevator; periosteal elevator; septum elevator; throat elevator; uterine elevator; etc. There are even different types of Freer elevators : Freer mucoperiosteal elevator; Freer periosteal elevator; Freer penosteal elevator; Freer septum elevator; Freer suction elevator; Freer double-ended elevator ;Freer submucous elevator; etc.  3, fiche 7, Anglais, - Freer%20elevator

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Abnormal appearance resulting from periosteal new bone forming multiple thin layers parallel with the surface of the shaft. Most commonly found in lesion of cyclic and rapid evolution such as Ewing's sarcoma.  3, fiche 8, Anglais, - onion%2Dpeel%20appearance

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Aspect caractéristique d'une formation osseuse périostée en strates parallèles multiples, souvent observé dans le sarcome d'Ewing, mais non spécifique d'un processus tumoral; il traduit essentiellement une lésion causale d'évolution cyclique rapide.  3, fiche 8, Français, - aspect%20en%20pelure%20d%27oignon

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In practice many English-language instrument catalogues interchange the terms "raspatory", "rugine", and "periosteal elevator" haphazardly, though "rugine" tends to be reserved for instruments of French design.... Indeed, the French for "raspatory" is "rugine", and to clarify English usage, either one term or the other should be discarded.  2, fiche 9, Anglais, - rib%20raspatory

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Though the rib raspatory and the rib elevator are two thoracic and cardiovascular instruments, they do not have the same form neither the same function. Nevertheless, the two terms are often interchanged.  3, fiche 9, Anglais, - rib%20raspatory

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 3 OBS

There are many varieties of rib raspatories, often bearing the name of their inventor: Alexander rib raspatory; Doyen rib raspatory; Langenbeck rib raspatory; Overholt rib raspatory; Semken rib raspatory; Semb rib raspatory; etc.  3, fiche 9, Anglais, - rib%20raspatory

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une autre rugine costale échancrée va achever de désinsérer toutes ces parties molles de la côte en partant de la ligne axillaire moyenne vers le cartilage costal.  2, fiche 9, Français, - rugine%20costale

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A Doyen elevator is then used to strip periosteum along the posterior part of the rib.  6, fiche 10, Anglais, - Doyen%20rib%20elevator

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 CONT

A Doyen periosteal elevator is used to dissect the neurovascular bundle and muscle attachments from rib, remaining extrapleural.  7, fiche 10, Anglais, - Doyen%20rib%20elevator

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Doyen's rib raspatory is commonly noted in British catalogues... although the French prefer to call it "rugine" whereas Doyen's rongeur for excavating the acetabulum in hip surgery is in effect a cylindrical form of drill.... In practice many English-language instrument catalogues interchange the terms "raspatory", "rugine", and "periosteal elevator" haphazardly, though "rugine" tends to be reserved for instruments of French design.... Indeed, the French for "raspatory" is "rugine", and to clarify English usage, either one term or the other should be discarded.  8, fiche 10, Anglais, - Doyen%20rib%20elevator

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A filelike surgical scalpel that is used to abrade tissues, especially bone.  5, fiche 11, Anglais, - raspatory

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In practice many English-language instrument catalogues interchange the terms "raspatory", "rugine" and "periosteal elevator" haphazardly, though "rugine" tends to be reserved for instruments of French design.... Indeed, the French for "raspatory" is "rugine"; and to clarify English usage, either one term or the other should be discarded.  6, fiche 11, Anglais, - raspatory

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The term "scalprum" can be used as a synonym of "raspatory" or to name a large strong scalpel.  7, fiche 11, Anglais, - raspatory

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Instrument de chirurgie constitué d'une plaque d'acier, droite ou courbe, montée sur un manche, et dont le bord tranchant permet de racler les os pour en détacher les insertions musculo-tendineuses ou le périoste.  3, fiche 11, Français, - rugine

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Une] raspatoire [est une] sorte de longue rugine, servant à polir les surfaces osseuses ou à détacher le périoste.  2, fiche 11, Français, - rugine

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A handheld instrument with a tool at each end : at one end is a two-pronged rib lifter, at right angles to the handle; at the other end is a curved elongated periosteal stripper.  2, fiche 12, Anglais, - Matson%20rib%20stripper%20and%20elevator

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Rib elevator, usually combined with a periosteum stripper.  5, fiche 12, Anglais, - Matson%20rib%20stripper%20and%20elevator

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In practice many English-language instrument catalogues interchange the terms "raspatory", "rugine" and "periosteal elevator" haphazardly, though "rugine" tends to be reserved for instruments of French design.... Indeed, the French for "raspatory" is "rugine"; and to clarify English usage, either one term or the other should be discarded.  3, fiche 13, Anglais, - Bristow%20periosteal%20elevator

Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 14,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A filelike surgical scalpel that is used to abrade tissues, especially bone.  5, fiche 14, Anglais, - raspatory

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In practice many English-language instrument catalogues interchange the terms "raspatory", "rugine" and "periosteal elevator" haphazardly, though "rugine" tends to be reserved for instruments of French design.... Indeed, the French for "raspatory" is "rugine"; and to clarify English usage, either one term or the other should be discarded.  6, fiche 14, Anglais, - raspatory

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The term "scalprum" can be used as a synonym of "raspatory" or to name a large strong scalpel.  7, fiche 14, Anglais, - raspatory

Fiche 14,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Instrument de chirurgie constitué d'une plaque d'acier, droite ou courbe, montée sur un manche, et dont le bord tranchant permet de racler les os pour en détacher les insertions musculo-tendineuses ou le périoste.  3, fiche 14, Français, - rugine

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Une] rugine [est] un instrument en acier, à bords tranchants, utilisé en chirurgie pour racler les surfaces osseuses et décoller le périoste. Il en existe de nombreux modèles.  2, fiche 14, Français, - rugine

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Une] raspatoire [est une] sorte de longue rugine, servant à polir les surfaces osseuses ou à détacher le périoste.  2, fiche 14, Français, - rugine

Fiche 14,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 15,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In practice many English-language instrument catalogues interchange the terms "raspatory", "rugine" and "periosteal elevator" haphazardly, though "rugine" tends to be reserved for instruments of French design.... Indeed, the French for "raspatory" is "rugine"; and to clarify English usage, either one term or the other should be discarded.  4, fiche 15, Anglais, - Farabeuf%20periosteal%20elevator

Fiche 15,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 15,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 16,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An instrument for separating and holding back the periosteum from bone.  2, fiche 16, Anglais, - periosteal%20retractor

Fiche 16,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Utiliser un écarteur à périoste pour séparer le périoste de l’os [...].  1, fiche 16, Français, - %C3%A9carteur%20%C3%A0%20p%C3%A9rioste

Fiche 16,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 17,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A blunt, flat instrument used during surgery for the separation of periosteum from underlying bone.  4, fiche 17, Anglais, - periosteal%20elevator

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Periosteal elevators [...] are used to strip portions of the membrane(periosteum) covering the exterior surface of a bone. Periosteal elevators are used for trauma, spinal and other bone and soft tissue procedures. They are well balanced equipment with enough hardness to maintain the sharp edges. In the oral surgery, they are used to separate the tooth or the bone from the fibrous surroundings. Periosteal elevator is also used to access the root and may also be used as a retractor.  3, fiche 17, Anglais, - periosteal%20elevator

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Classical authors describe elevators for tooth extraction and for raising depressed skull fractures... In practice many English-language instrument catalogues interchange the terms "raspatory", "rugine" and "periosteal elevator" haphazardly, though "rugine" tends to be reserved for instruments of French design.... Indeed, the French for "raspatory" is "rugine"; and to clarify English usage, either one term or the other should be discarded. Though most rugines and elevators function by means of a pushing-away motion, a pulling action is also possible, especially when a rasping edge is sharply concave....  5, fiche 17, Anglais, - periosteal%20elevator

Fiche 17,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Instrument de chirurgie constitué d'une plaque d'acier, droite ou courbe, montée sur un manche, et dont le bord tranchant permet de racler les os pour en détacher les insertions musculo-tendineuses et/ou le périoste.  6, fiche 17, Français, - %C3%A9l%C3%A9vateur%20%C3%A0%20p%C3%A9rioste

Fiche 17,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 18,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Exostosis or periosteal inflammation affecting the fetlock joint.  1, fiche 18, Anglais, - osselet

Fiche 18,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Exostose au niveau du boulet, du canon ou du genou, les définitions sont inconstantes. Le mot anglais «osselet» ne désigne que celle qui affecte l'articulation du boulet (arthrite traumatique métacarpo-phalangienne).  1, fiche 18, Français, - osselet

Fiche 18,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 19,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 19,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 20,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Progressive diaphyseal dysplasia(Camurati-Engelmann disease). This developmental disorder affects all races and is transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait with variable penetrance. New bone formation gradually involves both the periosteal and endosteal surface of long bone diaphyses. With severe disease, osteosclerosis also affects the axial skeleton.  1, fiche 20, Anglais, - progressive%20diaphyseal%20dysplasia

Fiche 20,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Maladie osseuses constitutionnelles [transmise selon le mode dominant], cette affection est habituellement découverte au cours de la seconde enfance, mais elle peut parfois l'être beaucoup plus tardivement. Ce sont généralement des douleurs des membres inférieurs qui attirent l'attention, plus rarement des troubles de la marche ou une fatigabilité excessive. Cliniquement, le fait le plus frappant est la disproportion entre le tronc et les membres qui paraissent anormalement longs. [...] L'examen radiologique montre un épaississement en fuseau de la corticale diaphysaire des os longs dont les contours légèrement ondulés.  1, fiche 20, Français, - maladie%20de%20Camurati%2DEngelmann

Fiche 20,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 21,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... using tonsil clamp bluntly dissect through the deltoid where it meets periosteal incision line... initially place tonsil, just under acromial edge and "pop" through deltoid...  1, fiche 21, Anglais, - acromial%20edge

Fiche 21,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'analyse des radiographies montrait une diminution du débord acromial significative par rapport au côté opposé. Sur le cliché de profil, nous avons observé 48 pour 100 d'acromion plat contre 80 pour 100 de type courbe pour l'épaule opposée.  1, fiche 21, Français, - d%C3%A9bord%20acromial

Fiche 21,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 22,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Periosteal reaction refers to the deposition of new bone beneath the periosteum. Several types of reaction may be induced, each with a different dynamic and physiologic implication. The reactions may be unilaminar(single layer), multilaminar, cuffed(Codman's triangle), spiculated, or cloaked.  1, fiche 22, Anglais, - periosteal%20reaction

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The term periostitis is often used loosely in describing non-inflammatory periosteal bone formation; the term periosteal reaction should be employed in such conditions.  3, fiche 22, Anglais, - periosteal%20reaction

Fiche 22,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Réaction du périoste vis-à-vis d'une agression locale, se manifestant par une activité ostéogénique. Les appositions périostées sont de plusieurs types : lamellaire, parallèle à la corticale osseuse; spéculaire, perpendiculaire à la corticale osseuse; en éperon. Elles peuvent se voir au cours d'une grande variété de lésions (tumorales; traumatiques; inflammatoires, infectieuses ou non).  3, fiche 22, Français, - apposition%20p%C3%A9riost%C3%A9e

Fiche 22,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 23,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The purpose of the study was to clarify the clinico pathological features of periosteal ganglion. The authors present a case of an unusual diaphyseal bony tumor in a 27 year old man.  1, fiche 23, Anglais, - diaphyseal%20bony%20tumor

Fiche 23,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 23,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 24,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Periosteal inflammation on the anterior aspect of the epiphysis of the large metacarpal bone, the proximal end of the first phalanx and the joint capsule of the fetlock. Caused by overtraining of young horses.  2, fiche 24, Anglais, - osselets

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Some confusion exists regarding the terms carpitis and osselets; therefore, a definition is appropriate. Carpitis is an acute or chronic inflammation of the carpal joint that may involve the fibrous joint capsule synovial membrane, associated ligaments, and bones of the carpus ... Osselets has been defined as a traumatic arthritis of the metacarpophalangeal joint. It is more appropriate to restrict the term osselets to describe the thickening associated with synovitis and capulitis of the fibrous joint capsule at the dorsal aspect of the metacarpophalangeal joint. Ossification can develop as a chronic change.  3, fiche 24, Anglais, - osselets

Fiche 24,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'arthrite chronique déformante du carpe est commune chez le cheval mais beaucoup moins chez d'autres animaux [...] Ce sont surtout les gros chevaux de trait et les chevaux de selle qui sont affectés; les sauteurs et les trotteurs, dont les actions entraînent une flexion extrême du carpe sont spécialement prédisposés. [...] Les lésions intéressent principalement le périoste, la capsule articulaire et les ligaments articulaires, où elles apparaissent sous la forme d'enflures diffuses, de consistance osseuse, de l'articulation.  1, fiche 24, Français, - arthrite%20chronique%20d%C3%A9formante%20du%20carpe

Fiche 24,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 25,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Periosteal reaction characterized by fine, short, delicate spicules laid down perpendicular to the cortex, often over a considerable length of shaft, seen in Ewing's sarcoma. [From RENOR, 1990, p. 315. ]  2, fiche 25, Anglais, - hair%2Don%2Dend%20appearance

Fiche 25,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Réaction périostée dirigée perpendiculairement à l'axe osseux, formée de nombreux spicules plus ou moins fins, et observée dans le sarcome d'Ewing.  2, fiche 25, Français, - aspect%20en%20poils%20de%20brosse

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

source c : EMSQU, 31225, A10, s.d., p. 24.  2, fiche 25, Français, - aspect%20en%20poils%20de%20brosse

Fiche 25,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 26,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Periosteal reaction characterized by low and slanting spicules, seen in chondrosarcoma.  1, fiche 26, Anglais, - velvet%20appearance

Fiche 26,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Réaction périostée caractérisée par des spicules fins, de longueur inégale et souvent couchés obliquement, observée dans le chondrosarcome.  1, fiche 26, Français, - aspect%20en%20velours

Fiche 26,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 27,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A thin, horizontally oriented excrescence arising from the anterior surface of a vertebral body.  1, fiche 27, Anglais, - traction%20osteophyte

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

It is believed that traction and claw osteophytes represent different stages of a single disease process. Horizontally oriented excrescences, or traction osteophytes, initially form at the osseous site of attachment of the outer annular fibers(Sharpey fibers) to the anterior vertebral surface. Subsequently, periosteal deposition of bone and progressive disk ossification convert the traction osteophyte to a clawlike excrescence. It is possible that traction osteophytes, representing an initial stage of the ossification process, indicate an unstable discovertebral level, and that their conversion to claw osteophytes indicates increasing spinal stability that allows progressive ossification of annular fibers.  3, fiche 27, Anglais, - traction%20osteophyte

Fiche 27,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Excroissance osseuse se développant perpendiculairement à la face antérieure d'un corps vertébral.  1, fiche 27, Français, - ost%C3%A9ophyte%20de%20traction

Fiche 27,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 28,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A triangular excrescence arising from the anterior surface of a vertebral body and extending superiorly or inferiorly across the discovertebral junction. [From WORTH, 1986, p. 301.]  3, fiche 28, Anglais, - claw%20osteophyte

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

It is believed that traction and claw osteophytes represent different stages of a single disease process. Horizontally oriented excrescences, or traction osteophytes, initially form at the osseous site of attachment of the outer annular fibers(Sharpey fibers) to the anterior vertebral surface. Subsequently, periosteal deposition of bone and progressive disk ossification convert the traction osteophyte to a clawlike excrescence. It is possible that traction osteophytes, representing an initial stage of the ossification process, indicate an unstable discovertebral level, and that their conversion to claw osteophytes indicates increasing spinal stability that allows progressive ossification of annular fibers. [From REBON, 1988, p. 1519. ]  3, fiche 28, Anglais, - claw%20osteophyte

Fiche 28,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Excroissance osseuse à direction verticale, se développant à la face antérieure d'un corps vertébral et traversant l'espace intersomatique.  1, fiche 28, Français, - ost%C3%A9ophyte%20en%20crochet

Fiche 28,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 29,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In Baillière’s Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary (BLOVE, 1988, p. 466), the terms "hypertrophic osteoarthropathy" and "h. pulmonary osteoarthropathy" are included with crossreferences to "hypertrophic osteopathy" without any explanation as to the relationship between the terms. The terms are undoubtedly closely related and possibly, though not necessarily, synonymous.  2, fiche 29, Anglais, - hypertrophic%20osteoarthropathy

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Hypertrophic osteopathy : symmetrical periosteal proliferation of new bone on the four limbs, chiefly localized to the phalanges and terminal epiphyses of the long bones, almost always associated with a chronic intrathoracic, occasionally an intra-abdominal, disease particularly a neoplasm.  3, fiche 29, Anglais, - hypertrophic%20osteoarthropathy

Fiche 29,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Syndrome observé chez l'homme et le chien.  1, fiche 29, Français, - ost%C3%A9oarthropathie%20hypertrophiante

Fiche 29,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 30,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Source: Farquharson, Eric L. Illustrations of Surgical Treatment: Instruments and Appliances. Edinburgh: E. & S. Livingstone, 1949, p. 304.  1, fiche 30, Anglais, - muscular%20and%20periosteal%20attachment

Fiche 30,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 30,  Justifications,  Espagnol