TERMIUM Plus®

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AFFINITE ENZYME SUBSTRAT [1 record]

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Record 1 2011-01-10

English

Subject field(s)
  • Biological Sciences
CONT

A fine-structure analysis of the tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase from Bacillus stereothermophilus is revealing the subtle roles of hydrogen bonding in catalysis and specificity. Modification of the residues that hydrogen-bond with ATP and tyrosine shows how the energetics must be analysed in terms of an exchange reaction with solvent water. Based on this idea, and structural data, an enzyme of vastly improved enzyme-substrate affinity has been engineered.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Sciences biologiques
CONT

L'affinité d'un enzyme pour un substrat est égale à 1/Km. Si Km est élevé (il faut donc une concentration élevée en substrat pour avoir une vitesse égale à Vmax/2) l'affinité est faible; si Km est faible, l'affinité est grande (il suffit d'une faible concentration en substrat pour avoir une vitesse égale à Vmax/2).

OBS

Lorsqu'un activateur allostérique se fixe au site allostérique, il s'ensuit une légère modification de la conformation de l'enzyme -- appelée transition allostérique -- (d'ailleurs réversible), qui entraîne une modification de la conformation au niveau du site actif (catalytique). Ce site acquiert une conformation plus propice à la fixation du substrat, il y a augmentation de l'affinité de l'enzyme pour le substrat (Km' <Km).

Spanish

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