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The Government of Canada’s terminology and linguistic data bank.
LAST OPPORTUNITY [2 records]
Record 1 - internal organization data 2016-01-18
Record 1, English
Record 1, Subject field(s)
- PAJLO
- Tort Law (common law)
- Offences and crimes
Record 1, Main entry term, English
- last clear chance
1, record 1, English, last%20clear%20chance
correct
Record 1, Abbreviations, English
Record 1, Synonyms, English
- last chance 2, record 1, English, last%20chance
correct
- last opportunity 3, record 1, English, last%20opportunity
correct
Record 1, Textual support, English
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The doctrine that the person with the last clear chance to avoid the accident, damage or injury to another is liable. A defendant may be liable in negligence, notwithstanding the plaintiff's contributory negligence, if he was aware of the plaintiff's negligence and did not exercise due care in avoiding it. 4, record 1, English, - last%20clear%20chance
Record 1, French
Record 1, Domaine(s)
- PAJLO
- Droit des délits (common law)
- Infractions et crimes
Record 1, Main entry term, French
- dernière chance
1, record 1, French, derni%C3%A8re%20chance
correct, feminine noun, standardized
Record 1, Abbreviations, French
Record 1, Synonyms, French
Record 1, Textual support, French
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS
dernière chance : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO). 2, record 1, French, - derni%C3%A8re%20chance
Record 1, Spanish
Record 1, Textual support, Spanish
Record 2 - internal organization data 2012-05-10
Record 2, English
Record 2, Subject field(s)
- Tort Law (common law)
Record 2, Main entry term, English
- last clear chance
1, record 2, English, last%20clear%20chance
correct
Record 2, Abbreviations, English
Record 2, Synonyms, English
- last opportunity 1, record 2, English, last%20opportunity
correct
- ultimate negligence 1, record 2, English, ultimate%20negligence
correct
Record 2, Textual support, English
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Soon a more sturdy doctrine was fashioned. It was called "last clear chance", "last opportunity" or "ultimate negligence". The seminal case was Davies v. Mann where the plaintiff negligently left his donkey on the highway with its legs tied. The defendant drove his wagon and horses negligently into the animal and killed it. Liability was imposed on the defendant, despite the contributory negligence of the plaintiff, because according to Lord Abinger the defendant might have avoided the animal with proper care. The case was later explained on the ground that the defendant was held totally responsible because he had the "last opportunity of avoiding the accident". Another rationale of the case rested on causation theory; where the defendant could have avoided the accident, he, and not the plaintiff, was the sole cause of it. ... The best explanation of the last clear chance theory was that it was a technique for imposing liability on the defendant, when his negligence was relatively greater than the plaintiff's. 1, record 2, English, - last%20clear%20chance
Record 2, French
Record 2, Domaine(s)
- Droit des délits (common law)
Record 2, Main entry term, French
- règle de la dernière chance
1, record 2, French, r%C3%A8gle%20de%20la%20derni%C3%A8re%20chance
correct, feminine noun
Record 2, Abbreviations, French
Record 2, Synonyms, French
- règle de la dernière occasion 1, record 2, French, r%C3%A8gle%20de%20la%20derni%C3%A8re%20occasion
correct, feminine noun
- règle de la négligence ultime 1, record 2, French, r%C3%A8gle%20de%20la%20n%C3%A9gligence%20ultime
correct, feminine noun
Record 2, Textual support, French
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Une meilleure règle fut bientôt mise de l'avant. On l'appela la règle de la "dernière chance" ("last clear chance"), de la "dernière occasion" ou de la "négligence ultime". Elle vit le jour dans l'arrêt Davies v. Mann, dans lequel le demandeur avait, par négligence, laissé son âne sur la grande route avec les pattes attachées. Le défendeur fut imprudent, frappa l'animal avec son chariot et ses chevaux et le tua. Le défendeur fut déclaré responsable malgré le fait que le demandeur avait, par sa faute contribué à l'accident. Au dire de lord Abinger, le défendeur aurait pu éviter l'accident s'il avait pris des précautions raisonnables. On tenta plus tard de justifier cette décision en disant que le défendeur avait été tenu entièrement responsable parce que c'est lui qui "était le dernier à avoir eu l'occasion d'éviter l'accident". Une autre explication de cette décision est la théorie de la causalité : lorsque le défendeur aurait pu éviter l'accident, c'était lui, et non le demandeur, qui en était l'unique responsable. (...) La meilleure justification que l'on a apportée de cette règle de la dernière chance, c'est qu'il s'agissait d'un moyen de tenir le défendeur responsable s'il avait davantage fait preuve de négligence que le demandeur. 1, record 2, French, - r%C3%A8gle%20de%20la%20derni%C3%A8re%20chance
Record 2, Spanish
Record 2, Textual support, Spanish
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