TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Refinement refers to any modifications to husbandry or experimental procedures that minimize pain and distress for an animal.  2, record 1, English, - refinement

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le raffinement désigne les modifications apportées à l'élevage ou aux procédures expérimentales afin de réduire la douleur et la détresse chez les animaux.  1, record 1, French, - raffinement

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Traditionally the purpose of stunning is to render the animal unconscious(and thus insensible to pain) but not to actually kill it. Death is caused by loss of blood following sticking. This kind of stunning is called(in the case of electrical stunning) head-only stunning. Inherent within it is the danger that it is reversible, i. e. animals may regain consciousness before death occurs, which will result in very considerable suffering.  3, record 2, English, - electrical%20stunning

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dans un abattoir, anesthésie par électrocution pratiquée sur les porcs avant égorgement.  3, record 2, French, - assommage%20%C3%A9lectrique

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[The] dispatch kit combines the techniques of controlled blunt-force trauma and penetrating captive bolt into a euthanasia system. It can be used to euthanise a range of species, from small animals such as poultry through to extremely large animals such as bulls.  2, record 3, English, - universal%20dispatch%20kit

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

[The] stunner [included in the dispatch kit] renders the animal instantly and irreversibly insensible to pain prior to slaughter, eliminating stress and suffering, improving meat quality and throughput, resulting in increased profits.  3, record 3, English, - universal%20dispatch%20kit

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Trousse servant à étourdir les animaux pour les euthanasier ou pour les préparer à l’abattage, selon le cas.  1, record 3, French, - trousse%20universelle%20d%27euthanasie

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The shochet performs the slaughter process using a long, razor-sharp knife known as a “chalef” that renders the animal insensible to pain with a single cut. In contrast to non-religious slaughter, the animal is not stunned prior to slaughter.  3, record 4, English, - chalef

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The shochet uses a chalaf, a knife with a straight blade about 18 inches long with a blunt, unpointed end. The blade must be razor sharp and without the slightest nick.  2, record 4, English, - chalef

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une seule entaille transversale sectionnant tous les tissus et vaisseaux sanguins est pratiquée dans le cou à l’aide d’un couteau spécial très affuté (chalaf). Le tranchant du couteau doit être examiné après chaque entaille.  2, record 4, French, - chalaf

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

When closely observing the head of an animal, direct restraint using halters may be required to limit motion when handling. Limit the use of “nose tongs, ” “war bridles, ” nose or ear twitches, hog snares, etc. as much as possible, as these cause pain to animals.  1, record 5, English, - war%20bridle

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pour l’observation rapprochée de la tête d’un animal, il peut être nécessaire de procéder à une contention directe au moyen de licous, de façon à limiter les mouvements de la tête pendant la manipulation. Limitez le plus possible le recours aux bâtons conducteurs pour taureau, aux brides sans mors de fortune («war bridles»), aux tord-nez ou «tord-oreilles», aux lassos à groin pour les porcs, etc., car ces moyens sont douloureux pour les animaux.  1, record 5, French, - bride%20sans%20mors%20de%20fortune

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Treatment of an injury with a hot iron.  3, record 6, English, - thermocautery

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The scientific evidence for whether the firing of horses is ethically acceptable relates to two issues... Is firing an effective therapy?... If it is effective, is the level of suffering caused justified by the effectiveness and long term benefit to the animal? The most obvious source of suffering is pain related to the thermal burns that come with firing.  4, record 6, English, - thermocautery

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cautérisation thérapeutique par le feu [...]  3, record 6, French, - thermocaut%C3%A9risation

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[...] souvent pratiquée sur les tendons des chevaux.  3, record 6, French, - thermocaut%C3%A9risation

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Anyone who keeps a mischievous animal does so at his peril, on pain of being responsible for the harm it may do in indulging its dangerous instincts, provided he knows or is presumed to know its vicious disposition... liability for dangerous animals postulates knowledge, express or imputed, of their vicious propensity...  1, record 7, English, - imputed%20knowledge

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

As opposed to "express knowledge."  2, record 7, English, - imputed%20knowledge

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Canadian Association for Humane Trapping(CAHT) was founded in the late 1940's and received its national charter as a not-for-profit, charitable association from the Secretary of State on January 21, 1954. CAHT is a charitable, non-profit organization which works constructively toward abolishing the suffering imposed on wild animals by devices or trapping systems used to capture them. It is not a trapping, anti-trapping or animal rights organization. CAHT respects diverse philosophies and approaches while reserving the right to promote its own objectives. CAHT's mission is to abolish the pain and suffering of animals trapped for any reason. CAHT seeks to work with persons and institutions promoting humane trapping improvements benefiting wild animals and wildlife biologists, conservationists, the fur industry, governments and their officials, and to make practical progress to reduce and eliminate avoidable pain, suffering and injury of fur bearers.  1, record 8, English, - Canadian%20Association%20for%20Humane%20Trapping

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Title and abbreviation confirmed by the association.  2, record 8, English, - Canadian%20Association%20for%20Humane%20Trapping

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Appellation et abréviation confirmés par l'organisme.e  2, record 8, French, - Canadian%20Association%20for%20Humane%20Trapping

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Proposition de traduction : Association canadienne du piégeage humanitaire.  2, record 8, French, - Canadian%20Association%20for%20Humane%20Trapping

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Usually human cases are related to contaminated food, especially poultry, eggs, milk and their products. Persons who work with animals may become infected by the agent shed in animal feces. Human Salmonellosis may occur 6-72 hours after ingestion of the agent. Fever, muscle aches, headache and malaise are followed by abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. The diarrhea may resolve in 2-4 days but some people may continue to shed the bacteria with no signs of disease. Some types of Salmonella can cause septicemia which can result in a disease of longer duration and greater severity.  2, record 9, English, - human%20salmonellosis

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Canada Diseases Weekly Report.  3, record 9, English, - human%20salmonellosis

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'évolution clinique de la salmonellose humaine se caractérise habituellement par une instauration brutale de la fièvre, des douleurs abdominales, de la diarrhée, des nausées et parfois des vomissements.  1, record 9, French, - salmonellose%20humaine

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Recent animal studies... reveal that chronic pain can alter the central nervous system, making the discomfort more severe and intractable through a "kindling effect".  2, record 10, English, - kindling%20effect

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Modèles animaux d'épilepsie chez le rat : Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rat of Strasbourg (GAERS), crises audiogènes, embrasement (kindling), pilocarpine, pentylènetétrazole.  2, record 10, French, - effet%20d%27embrasement

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Vegetarians opposed to all animals experimentation that involves the cutting, maiming, inflicting of pain and stress, or killing of animals; individuals who are sympathetic to the cause of animal welfare reform  1, record 11, English, - Animal%20Liberation

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Irritancy is the ability of a material to irritate the skin, eyes, nose, throat or any other part of the body that it contacts. Signs and symptoms of irritation include tearing in the eyes and reddening, swelling, itching and pain of the affected part of the body. Irritancy is often described as mild, moderate or severe, depending on the degree of irritation caused by a specific amount of the material. Irritancy may also be described by a number on a scale of 0 to 4, where 0 indicates no irritation and 4 means severe irritation. Irritancy is usually determined in animal experiments. The Controlled Products Regulations describe technical criteria for identifying materials which are skin or eye irritants.  2, record 12, English, - irritation

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La capacité que possède une substance d'irriter la peau, les yeux, le nez, la gorge ou toute autre partie du corps avec laquelle elle entre en contact. L'irritation se manifeste par différents symptômes, comme la rougeur des yeux et le larmoiement, l'enflure, la démangeaison et la douleur de la partie affectée. L'irritation est dite "faible", "modérée" ou "grave", selon le degré d'irritation causée par une quantité donnée de la substance. On peut aussi avoir recours à une échelle de 0 à 4, 0 indiquant que la substance n'a causé aucune irritation et 4 indiquant que la substance a causé une irritation grave. Le degré d'irritation est déterminé par des expériences de laboratoire pratiquées sur des animaux. Le Règlement sur les produits contrôlés donne les critères techniques servant à déterminer qu'un produit est irritant pour la peau ou les yeux.  1, record 12, French, - irritation

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Es una estimulación intensa que va seguida de lesión anatómica y se ejerce sobre estructuras y funciones no especializadas.  2, record 12, Spanish, - irritaci%C3%B3n

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

El SO₂ produce la irritación de las vías respiratorias, sobre todo para concentraciones superiores a ocho ppm, que ya produce la irritación inmediata de la garganta.  3, record 12, Spanish, - irritaci%C3%B3n

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Name of a health insurance plan for house pets  2, record 13, English, - Medipet

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Feeling dogged by the high cost of veterinary treatment for your pet? "Montreal insurance broker Barry Nichol thinks he has the answer : Medipet/Ani-Maux, insurance for housepets.... "Pet insurance works like any health insurance plan : a pet owner pays regular premiums, then when the animal gets sick or injured and an expensive veterinary treatment is needed, the lion's share of the costs are covered. "For instance, the Medipet/Ani-Maux policy(the French version of the name is a contraction of animal and maux, which means pain) pays 70 per cent of the costs of treatment, after the deductible, which varies according to the program".  1, record 13, English, - Medipet

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

irritating quality or character.  3, record 14, English, - irritancy

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Irritancy is the ability of a material to irritate the skin, eyes, nose, throat or any other part of the body that it contacts. Signs and symptoms of irritation include tearing in the eyes and reddening, swelling, itching and pain of the affected part of the body. Irritancy is often described as mild, moderate or severe, depending on the degree of irritation caused by a specific amount of the material. Irritancy may also be described by a number on a scale of 0 to 4, where 0 indicates no irritation and 4 means severe irritation. Irritancy is usually determined in animal experiments. The Controlled Products Regulations describe technical criteria for identifying materials which are skin or eye irritants.  4, record 14, English, - irritancy

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] capacité que possède une substance d'irriter la peau, les yeux, le nez, la gorge ou toute autre partie du corps avec laquelle elle entre en contact. L'irritation se manifeste par différents symptômes, comme la rougeur des yeux et le larmoiement, l'enflure, la démangeaison et la douleur de la partie affectée. L'irritation est dite "faible", "modérée, ou "grave", selon le degré d'irritation causée par une quantité donnée de la substance. On peut aussi avoir recours à une échelle de 0 à 4, 0 indiquant que la substance n'a causé aucune irritation et 4 indiquant que la substance a causé une irritation grave. Le degré d'irritation est déterminé par des expériences de laboratoire pratiquées sur des animaux. Le Règlement sur les produits contrôlés donne les critères techniques servant à déterminer qu'un produit est irritant pour la peau ou les yeux.  2, record 14, French, - propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9%20irritante

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish