TERMIUM Plus®

The Government of Canada’s terminology and linguistic data bank.

AS ILLUSTRATED [49 records]

Record 1 2025-01-09

English

Subject field(s)
  • Sociology of Human Relations
  • Family Law (common law)
CONT

The adverse consequences of romantic rejection are illustrated by Novak v. Waterfront Comm’n [Commission] of N. Y. [New York] Harbor. The plaintiff, Shanti Novak, was a detective with the Waterfront Commission of N. Y. Harbor. She became romantically involved with Scott Politano at a time when both held the same rank, in different locations. Eventually the two became live-in partners, and during this time, Politano was promoted to Lieutenant and was transferred to Novak's office, consequently becoming her supervisor. Novak terminated her relationship with Politano shortly thereafter. After her breakup with Politano, Novak was singled out for unfavorable treatment even after Politano was replaced as Novak's supervisor. Novak was given unfavorable work and shift assignments; was subjected to heightened scrutiny with respect to her work and her requests for overtime pay and sick leave; was the only detective not to receive further formal detective training; was excluded from an email regarding a shooting range schedule; and was the only detective to whom newly hired detectives were not assigned, which was both humiliating and deprived her of the opportunity to learn from the new assignees, who were seasoned detectives from other agencies. The situation became worse after she complained to the human resources department.

Key term(s)
  • live in partner

French

Domaine(s)
  • Sociologie des relations humaines
  • Droit de la famille (common law)

Spanish

Save record 1

Record 2 2015-04-23

English

Subject field(s)
  • Equipment (Oil and Natural Gas Extraction)
  • Boring and Drilling (Mines)
  • Geological Research and Exploration
DEF

An assembly, consisting of kelly, drill pipes, tools, collars and drilling bit joined together to form a string, which is suspended from a swivel in the derrick, and rotated by the rotary table. It is made up piece by piece, stands of pipe being added as the bit penetrates the formation.

CONT

The bit is fastened to the string, a long stretch of steel pipe sections that have been screwed together. The string hangs inside a casing called the conductor pipe.

OBS

Strictly, the drill string as described [in the source Whitehead, H., An A-Z Offshore Oil & Gas : an Illustrated International Glossary and Reference Guide to the Offshore Oil & Gas Industries and their Technology(WHIOF, 1983) ] is the drill stem, and the drill string consists only of pipes and joints, but the term drill stem is seldom used other than with reference to a drill stem test.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Outillage (Extraction du pétrole et du gaz)
  • Sondage et forage miniers
  • Recherches et prospections géologiques
DEF

[...] ensemble des tubes qui, depuis le trépan jusqu'au kelly, assurent la circulation de la boue et font tourner le trépan.

CONT

Le train de tiges est constitué par de nombreux éléments de longueur variable (1,5 m, 3 m, 6 m par exemple), vissés les uns à la suite des autres. Les filetages peuvent être mâle et femelle [...], ou femelles, ou mâles suivant les cas.

CONT

La colonne de tubes est scellée dans le puits, par cimentage. [Télémécanique, n° 88, page 14.]

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Equipo para extracción de petróleo y gas natural
  • Sondeo y perforación (Minas)
  • Investigaciones y prospecciones geológicas
Save record 2

Record 3 2015-02-26

English

Subject field(s)
  • Law of Contracts (common law)
CONT

... where the plaintiff claims to be put into "the same situation... as if the contract had been performed, "there are two quite distinct bases of assessment : difference in value and cost of cure. The practical difference between the two bases is strikingly illustrated by an American case in which a coal company took a mining lease of farmland, covenanting to restore the land to its original state at the end of the lease. The cost of doing the work would have been $29, 000, but the result of not doing it was to reduce the value of the land by only $300. Damages for the company's failure to do the work were assessed at the latter. In English law damages for breach of a tenant's covenant to repair are by statute assessed on a "difference in value" basis.

Key term(s)
  • value difference

French

Domaine(s)
  • Droit des contrats (common law)

Spanish

Save record 3

Record 4 2012-01-26

English

Subject field(s)
  • Mathematics
  • Computer Graphics
DEF

A two-dimensional map used for the description of Hamiltonian nonlinear systems. The distortion engendered by this transformation is reminiscent of a maladjusted out-of-sync television set. The map is expanding in one direction and contracting in the orthogonal direction.

CONT

Dr. Arnold's math explanations also exhibited playfulness. In one of his books, he explained a simple algorithm that stretches and rearranges an image, shredding it into a chaotic mess. In the book, Dr. Arnold illustrated the idea with a sketch of a cat's head that is now known as Arnold's Cat Map.

OBS

A word about spelling: we use "Arnold", as opposed to "Arnol’d"; the latter is closer to the Russian pronunciation, but Vladimir Arnold preferred the former (it is used in numerous translations of his books into English) ...

Key term(s)
  • Arnol'd's cat map
  • Arnol'd's cat

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques
  • Infographie
DEF

Transformation discontinue inversible caractérisée par une conservation des aires : la contraction d'un facteur 1/2 le long de l'axe vertical est compensée par une dilatation d'un facteur 2 le long de l'axe horizontal.

Spanish

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Record 5 2011-09-23

English

Subject field(s)
  • Calculating Procedures (Mathematics)
  • Nuclear Physics
CONT

Ray effects. An artefact related to the method of discrete ordinates, known as the “ray effect, ” is illustrated … For a two-dimensional case, which is easier to represent, we have considered the problem of a point source in a purely absorbent medium. The arrows represent the directions of the discrete ordinates, and the squares represent the meshing of the spatial discretisation. Because neutrons are obliged to travel along the discrete directions, we note that only the shaded mesh elements will “see” a certain neutron flux, since the others cannot receive any neutrons. The resulting lines are clearly visible on the diagram. In practical cases, the artefact is never so clear, since the sources are spread out and there is scattering, but it can still be identified. The only way to improve this situation is to refine the angular meshing.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Procédés de calcul (Mathématiques)
  • Physique nucléaire
CONT

Effets de raies. Un artefact lié à la méthode des ordonnées discrètes, connu sous le terme d'«effet de raies» est illustré […] Pour un cas à deux dimensions, plus facile à représenter, nous avons considéré le cas d’une source ponctuelle, dans un milieu purement absorbant […] Puisque les neutrons sont assujettis à voyager selon les directions discrètes […] seules les mailles grisées «verront» un certain flux neutronique, les autres ne pouvant pas recevoir de neutrons. [Des] raies […] en résultent […]

Spanish

Save record 5

Record 6 2011-07-12

English

Subject field(s)
  • Environment
CONT

The influence of aquifer heterogeneity and human interference such as land reclamation is illustrated in the Belgian coastal plain where, around A. D. 1200, the reclamation of a tidally influenced environment was completed.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Environnement
CONT

L'influence de l'hétérogénéité de l'aquifère et des interférences anthropiques telles que la mise en valeur des terres est illustrée par la plaine côtière belge où, depuis l'an 1200, on a mis en valeur un environnement soumis aux marées.

Spanish

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Record 7 2011-05-16

English

Subject field(s)
  • Biological Sciences
DEF

Type of allosteric enzyme in which the substrate serves as the allosteric effector. These homotropic effects appear always to be cooperative(i. e. the binding of one ligand molecule to the protein enhances the binding of further ligand molecules) and are illustrated by the classical example for the haemoglobin-oxygen system. Other examples include enzymes possessing more than one substrate binding site.

CONT

Homotropic enzymes contain two or more binding sites for the substrate; modulation of these enzymes depends on how many of the substrate sites are occupied.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Sciences biologiques
DEF

Enzyme allostérique pour laquelle le substrat sert de molécule modulatrice. Ces enzymes contiennent au moins deux sites d'attachement pour le substrat, leur modulation dépendant du nombre de sites de substrats occupés.

OBS

Un grand nombre (sinon la plupart) des enzymes allostériques sont d'un type mixte homotrope-hétérotrope où le substrat et un ou plusieurs autres métabolites peuvent agir comme modulateurs.

Spanish

Save record 7

Record 8 2010-12-14

English

Subject field(s)
  • Statistical Surveys
CONT

... the skewed, bimodal nature of many of thermier responses illustrated a strong divergence of opinions on some topics, such as the relative importance of livestock as a rangeland product.

OBS

skewed bimodal nature: term used at Natural Resources Canada - Earth Sciences Sector.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Sondages et enquêtes (Statistique)
OBS

Une statistique est une fonction des données observées qui a pour objet de résumer un aspect particulier de la distribution des données, laquelle peut être symétrique, asymétrique, bimodale ou d'une autre forme.

OBS

nature bimodale asymétrique : terme en usage à Ressources naturelles Canada - Secteur des sciences de la Terre.

Spanish

Save record 8

Record 9 2010-06-09

English

Subject field(s)
  • Group Dynamics
  • Social Psychology
OBS

The Johari window as an evaluative instrument for group process.

OBS

The process of giving and receiving feedback can be illustrated through a model called the Johari window. The window was originally developed by two psychologists, Joseph Luft and Harry Ingham, for their program in group process. It can be seen as a communication window through which you give and receive information about yourself and others.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Dynamique des groupes
  • Psychologie sociale

Spanish

Save record 9

Record 10 - external organization data 2009-07-30

English

Subject field(s)
  • Compartment - ISO/IEC JTC 1 Information Technology Vocabulary
Universal entry(ies)
06.01.92 (19762)
ISO/IEC standard entry number
DEF

polarization of a propagating wave is determined by the locus or path described by the electric field vector with respect to time

OBS

Polarization is a term that often arises in the literature and when considering radio frequency communication and RFID. If we ascribe an x, y, z co-ordinate system to a propagating wave as illustrated below, with the direction of propagation being in the z direction, the electric field vector E will be in the x, y plane. If E remains in the same orientation with respect to time, so that its locus describes a straight line, the wave is said to be linearly polarized. However, if the locus describes a circular motion with respect to time the wave is said to be circularly polarized. Where the locus describes an elliptical path, the wave is said to be elliptically polarized.

OBS

Circular polarization is often used in communication systems since the orientation of the transmitting and receiving antenna is less important than it is with linearly polarized waves. The magnetic vector, H, always remains perpendicular to the E vector. Using an IEEE convention, a clockwise circular rotating wavefront approaching a receiver is defined as being left-hand circular (LHC) polarized. The power in the wavefront is expressed in the form of the Poynting vector, P: P = (E x H) = E x H sin ..., where ... is the phase angle between E and H.

OBS

polarization summary: term and definition standardized by ISO/IEC [ISO/IEC 19762-4:2008].

French

Spanish

Save record 10

Record 11 2006-03-16

English

Subject field(s)
  • Climatology
CONT

The impact of a natural occurrence such as drought, thus, is likely to depend more on the way in which a society is organized than on the natural event itself. This is perhaps most obviously illustrated by the fact that many societies continue to survive and thrive in areas of endemic drought or where there is little or no rainfall.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Climatologie
CONT

Le climat désertique s'étend à l'intérieur des grands continents, aux latitudes tropicales ou subtropicales (Sahara, désert de Kalahari, ...) [...] Les températures y sont très élevées en été et leurs amplitudes annuelles et diurnes remarquables. La présence d'anticyclones quasi-permanents en altitude explique la rareté et l'irrégularité des pluies. La sécheresse endémique qui y règne en fait le domaine privilégié des lithométéores : tempêtes et tourbillons de sable, chasse-sable. En dehors des oasis, la végétation est quasi inexistante.

OBS

On écrirait mieux «sècheresse».

OBS

sècheresse : Cette graphie, puisée des Rectifications de l'orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, est attestée dans le Petit Robert (2006).

Key term(s)
  • sècheresse endémique

Spanish

Save record 11

Record 12 2006-03-16

English

Subject field(s)
  • Social Psychology
  • Personality Development
OBS

The compatibility and utility of such transactional analysis(TA) concepts and approaches as script, counterscript messages, injunctions permission, and stroking are considered and illustrated.(Passivity, paradox, and change in family systems. Massey, Robert. Transactional Analysis Journal, 1983, Jan., Vol. 13(1), pp. 33-41)

French

Domaine(s)
  • Psychologie sociale
  • Développement de la personnalité
OBS

Pluriel : des scénarios.

OBS

scénarios (pl.) : Cette graphie, puisée des Rectifications de l'orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, est attestée dans le Petit Robert (2006).

OBS

Le scénario est un plan de vie personnel, basé sur des décisions prises (consciemment ou non) dans l'enfance et confirmées aux stades suivants du développement. [Analyse transactionnelle]

Spanish

Save record 12

Record 13 2005-12-12

English

Subject field(s)
  • Audiovisual Techniques and Equipment
  • Photography
DEF

A horizontal projection apparatus that, for the first time, used artificial (arc or Auer) light.

OBS

As well as enabling slides to be projected, making illustrated lectures a reality, it meant that small negatives could be enlarged onto gelatine-silver bromide paper.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Audiovisuel (techniques et équipement)
  • Photographie
DEF

Appareil conçu pour la projection horizontale des diapositives sur verre qui fit appel pour la première fois à l'éclairage artificiel (à arc ou au bec de gaz).

Spanish

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Record 14 2005-09-07

English

Subject field(s)
  • Geophysics
  • Machinery
CONT

As an alternative to the use of pumps, with their attendant problems of maintenance and of using special materials, the author devised a system of vapour pumping, or, to use a more graphic if less scientific term, "pumpless pumping", which would have worked on the principle illustrated... [in this book].

Key term(s)
  • vapour-pumping system

French

Domaine(s)
  • Géophysique
  • Machines
CONT

Comme alternative à l'emploi des pompes, avec leurs problèmes concomitants d'entretien et d'utilisation de matériaux spéciaux, l'auteur conçut un système de pompage de la vapeur ou, pour employer un terme plus pittoresque sinon scientifique, de «pompage sans pompe» qui aurait fonctionné selon le principe illustré [...] [dans ce livre].

Spanish

Save record 14

Record 15 2005-04-19

English

Subject field(s)
  • Symposium Titles
  • Mathematical Geography
OBS

This workshop will expose participants to proven operational models for planning and managing geomatics techology transfer activities. Such activities have as their goals the sustainable transfer of geomatics data, products, tools and capabilities to international clients. The models are based on three principles of risk management : technical feasibility, practical availability and sustainability. The workshop provides both supplier-based and recipient-based perceptions of the technology transfer process. The presentation-based half-day program includes an extensive workshop manual and will be illustrated with real world examples drawn from the authors’ extensive international technology transfer experience. International Symposium "Geomatics in the Era of RADARSAT", Ottawa, 1997.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Titres de symposiums
  • Géographie mathématique
OBS

Cet atelier exposera les participants à des modèles opérationnels éprouvés pour la planification et la gestion d'activités liées au transfert de technologies en géomatique. Ces activités ont pour objectif le transfert durable de données, de produits, d'outils et de compétences à des clients étrangers. Les modèles reposent sur trois principes de gestion du risque : la faisabilité technique, la disponibilité et la durabilité. L'atelier présentera les perspectives du fournisseur et du bénéficiaire dans le processus de transfert de technologies. Un manuel détaillé accompagne le programme d'une demi journée basé sur des exposés. Les auteurs donneront en outre des exemples concrets tirés de leur vaste expérience internationale dans le domaine du transfert de technologies. Symposium international «La géomatique à l'ère de RADARSAT» qui eut lieu à Ottawa en 1997.

Spanish

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Record 16 2004-10-16

English

Subject field(s)
  • Various Metal Ores
  • Thermal Springs - Uses
CONT

For the deeper "hypothermal" environment a steep shear zone is illustrated to transect the boundary between seismogenic and aseismic crust and as a control on fluid... movement...

French

Domaine(s)
  • Minerais divers (Mines métalliques)
  • Thermalisme
CONT

Dans le cas du milieu «hypothermal», le plus profond, une zone de cisaillement abrupte recoupe la limite entre la croûte séismogénique et la croûte aséismique et contrôle le déplacement des fluides [...]

Spanish

Save record 16

Record 17 2003-02-05

English

Subject field(s)
  • Internet and Telematics
  • Information Processing (Informatics)
  • Computer Programs and Programming
OBS

As illustrated in the above examples, the element name is always "input", the attributes define the characteristic of each field and the contents of the element is the contents of the field input by the user of the e-form filler application. A similar concept would be used for more complicated field structures such as groupings, check boxes and radio buttons.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Internet et télématique
  • Traitement de l'information (Informatique)
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
CONT

Comme le montrent ces exemples, le nom de l'élément est toujours « input » (« intrant »), les attributs définissent la caractéristique de chaque champ et le contenu de l'élément correspond aux données saisies dans le champ par l'utilisateur de l'application de préparation du formulaire. Une démarche semblable serait appliquée aux structures de champ plus complexes, comme les groupes, les cases à cocher et les boutons radio.

OBS

Termes (et justifications) tirés du rapport sommaire intitulé : « Projet pilote d'échange d'information sur formulaires électroniques normalisés » publié Groupe de travail sur les normes des documents électroniques (GTNDE), Secrétariat du Conseil du Trésor, Gouvernement du Canada.

Spanish

Save record 17

Record 18 2002-11-26

English

Subject field(s)
  • Internet and Telematics
  • Information Processing (Informatics)
  • Computer Programs and Programming
CONT

As illustrated in the above examples, the element name is always "input", the attributes define the characteristic of each field and the contents of the element is the contents of the field input by the user of the e-form filler application. A similar concept would be used for more complicated field structures such as groupings, check boxes and radio buttons.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Internet et télématique
  • Traitement de l'information (Informatique)
  • Programmes et programmation (Informatique)
CONT

Comme le montrent ces exemples, le nom de l'élément est toujours « input » (« intrant »), les attributs définissent la caractéristique de chaque champ et le contenu de l'élément correspond aux données saisies dans le champ par l'utilisateur de l'application de préparation du formulaire. Une démarche semblable serait appliquée aux structures de champ plus complexes, comme les groupes, les cases à cocher et les boutons radio.

OBS

Termes (et justifications) tirés du rapport sommaire intitulé : « Projet pilote d'échange d'information sur formulaires électroniques normalisés » publié Groupe de travail sur les normes des documents électroniques (GTNDE), Secrétariat du Conseil du Trésor, Gouvernement du Canada.

Spanish

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Record 19 2002-08-07

English

Subject field(s)
  • Paleontology
CONT

... rugosan corals have six primary septa and new septa are added in only four of the resulting six spaces with none added in the remaining two spaces. This septal arrangement is well illustrated in the external mold where the septa are preserved as gaps.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Paléontologie

Spanish

Save record 19

Record 20 2002-02-28

English

Subject field(s)
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Software
  • Telecommunications Transmission
DEF

Amplitude distortion in which the output and input signal envelopes are disproportionate (in the absence of spurious frequencies).

CONT

The effects of multipath distortion are dramatically illustrated when one listens to or watches colour TV as an airplane passes between the transmitter and the receiver. Here either noise or distortion is heard from the FM receiver and the colours wash out on the TV set. A similar effect, called linear distortion is observed on wire communications systems.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Intelligence artificielle
  • Logiciels
  • Transmission (Télécommunications)
DEF

Diminution régulière de la longueur des ondulations gravées sur un disque à sillon pour une fréquence constante du signal enregistré due au fait que la vitesse circonférentielle étant proportionnelle au rayon, la vitesse de défilement du disque original sous la pointe du burin graveur diminue au fur et à mesure que celui-ci se rapproche du centre du disque.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Inteligencia artificial
  • Soporte lógico (Software)
  • Transmisión (Telecomunicaciones)
DEF

Distorsión que se produce como consecuencia del debilitamiento de una señal, por ejemplo, como consecuencia de la dismunición de la relación señal-ruido.

Save record 20

Record 21 2001-10-04

English

Subject field(s)
  • Soil Tests (Construction)
  • Soil Mechanics (Engineering)
  • Soil Science
DEF

The collection of basic facts about, and the testing of, surface and subsurface materials (including their physical properties, distribution, and geologic structure) at a site, for the purpose of preparing suitable designs for an engineering structure or other use.

CONT

Site investigations. The objective of most geotechnical investigations is to obtain information on the site and subsurface conditions that is required for design and construction of engineered facilities and for evaluation and mitigation of geologic hazards, such as landslides, subsidence, and liquefaction. The site investigation is part of a fully integrated process that includes: 1. Synthesis of available data 2. Field and laboratory investigations 3. Characterization of site stratigraphy and soil properties 4. Engineering analyses 5. Formulation of design and construction criteria or engineering evaluations.

OBS

Site investigation :as per MABUI 1982("Illustrated Dictionary of Building", by Paul Marsh), may not always include a subsoil investigation.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Essais du sol (Construction)
  • Mécanique des sols
  • Science du sol
DEF

Ensemble des investigations et essais, sur le site et au laboratoire, permettant l'obtention des données relatives aux propriétés physiques, mécaniques et hydrauliques du sol, nécessaires à l'étude d'un ouvrage.

CONT

La reconnaissance. Cette opération est faite en deux temps : la reconnaissance de la surface du terrain sur laquelle doit être édifiée la construction, et la reconnaissance du sol en profondeur.

Spanish

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Record 22 2001-09-19

English

Subject field(s)
  • Astrophysics and Cosmography
  • General Mechanics (Physics)
  • Flight Instruments and Equipment (Aeroindustry)
CONT

Referring to Fig. 6, the central, axially oriented, gyro-wheel 32 is then spun-up as illustrated by spin symbol 36. This causes the magnifying glass 10 to counter-rotate as illustrated by spin symbol 34 and to deploy under centrifugal force. An example such a gyro-wheel is Honeywell' s commercial gyro, model HM-I 800. After deployment, the continuing axial rotation stiffens the magnifying glass membrane, holding it taut and maintaining the necessary optical tolerances.

CONT

Solar system syllabus ... explains the concept of the Earth’s axial rotation giving day and night.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Astrophysique et cosmographie
  • Mécanique générale (Physique)
  • Instruments et équipement de bord (Constructions aéronautiques)
CONT

Gyroscopie [...] On peut [...] rappeler qu'en particulier si la rotation axiale se fait autour du grand axe d'inertie, l'orientation de cet axe reste fixe dans un repère inertiel. De plus dans le cas d'une grande vitesse de rotation axiale, le mouvement présente alors une très grande stabilité, appelée raideur gyroscopique, qui se manifeste par des mouvements très lents de l'axe du gyroscope, donc des vitesses angulaires très faibles et donc des accélérations angulaires encore plus faibles. [...] Le corps tournant appartient à un système complexe et présente soit un moment d'inertie axial très important, soit une rotation axiale très rapide, par rapport aux rotations possibles des autres parties du système, soit les deux. Dans tous les cas on parlera d'un «moment cinétique H = I [oméga] important», avec une rotation de 250 à 3000 t/s et un moment cinétique de 10 [puissance 3] à 1 N-m/s.

CONT

Un gyrostat [...] est un mobile en rotation axiale, comme par exemple une toupie.

Spanish

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Record 23 2001-06-29

English

Subject field(s)
  • Waste Management
  • Nuclear Waste Materials
  • Environmental Studies and Analyses
CONT

... seepage pits which were used for dilute aqueous wastes have resulted in a contaminant plume of considerable volume. This leads to the fundamental decision that only solidified wastes will be considered for disposal. Experience with an early trench with a nonreinforced concrete cap, which collapsed and led to its flooding, illustrated the need for a strong, self-supporting cap as well as a permeable floor. Contaminant plumes have provided the opportunity to measure groundwater flow and radionuclide transport and to determine retardation coefficients for the different radionuclides under field conditions. This provides valuable data for safety assessments.

Key term(s)
  • coefficient of retardation

French

Domaine(s)
  • Gestion des déchets
  • Déchets nucléaires
  • Études et analyses environnementales
CONT

Les résultats préliminaires laissent croire que le coefficient de ralentissement de la migration des contaminants est élevé en raison de l'échange entre les contaminants dans les fractures du substratum rocheux et les contaminants dans la matrice non fracturée.

OBS

De la migration des radionucléides.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Gestión de los desechos
  • Desechos nucleares
  • Estudios y análisis del medio ambiente
Save record 23

Record 24 2001-06-06

English

Subject field(s)
  • Biotechnology
CONT

Molecular Neuroscience includes the Neurobiotechnology faculty as well as other individual investigators from the Colleges of Biological Sciences, Dentistry, Medicine, Pharmacy, and Social and Behavioral Sciences. The projects in molecular neuroscience range from studies aimed at understanding the regulation of gene expression in nervous tissue to elucidating the molecular mechanisms that regulate nervous system function which are illustrated in the following areas : cell signaling mechanisms, neural degeneration, neuronal adhesion, nervous system development, aging, tumorigenesis, synapse formation, the developmental regulation of neurotransmitter peptides and receptor gene expression, genetics of neurological diseases and developmental biology of limb formation and regeneration.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Biotechnologie
CONT

Empêcher la mort des neurones, ou les remplacer par d'autres cellules. Telles sont les deux grandes voies de recherche proposées par des neurobiotechnologies encore balbutiantes, mais dont on attend beaucoup pour lutter contre les maladies neurodégénératives et mentales.

Spanish

Save record 24

Record 25 1999-09-22

English

Subject field(s)
  • Biotechnology
  • Immunology
CONT

Although the aim of the national and international public sector is to conduct research in the general interest of the public, the perception of what exactly is the public interest is controversial. In this Monitor issue, two, both financed by the private and the public sector, endeavours are discussed : the development of anti-fertility vaccines and the Human Genome project. Although she agrees that women are in need of safe and more convenient contraceptive methods, Ute Sprenger states that anti-fertility vaccines jeopardize the health of women and make them dependent on the provider of the vaccine instead of increasing their autonomy over their own fertility. Many share this opinion, as illustrated by the recent call of more than 400 women's health groups from 40 different countries to end anti-fertility vaccine research. Whether the voice of these groups will be taken seriously is doubtful, since many scientists are likely to envisage the problems related to the vaccine only as temporarily and of a technical nature.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Biotechnologie
  • Immunologie
CONT

La vaccination contre la grossesse peut-elle devenir une méthode contraceptive? Outre les effets secondaires encore mal connus, les vaccins antifécondité présentent le double inconvénient de négliger la volonté et la sécurité des femmes. D'où une vive controverse.

Spanish

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Record 26 1999-02-10

English

Subject field(s)
  • Heraldry
OBS

"Raguly" is used in reference to a bearing that is ragged like the sawed off trunk and limbs of a tree with its pieces projecting at the sides in a slanting direction.

OBS

The term "party" is used to indicate that the field is divided; often the name of an ordinary is added to indicate the direction illustrated, e. g. party per bend. Sometimes, the term "party" is omitted and expressions such as "per fesse" and "per bend" are common.

Key term(s)
  • party per bend raguly
  • party

French

Domaine(s)
  • Héraldique

Spanish

Save record 26

Record 27 1998-10-23

English

Subject field(s)
  • Manias
  • Human Behaviour
DEF

Intense fascination with hair.

OBS

Not to be confused with "trichotillomania"(morbid impulse to pull out one's own hair), even though several reference works, such as the International Dictionary of Medicine & Biology, the Dorlands Illustrated Medical Dictionary & the Butterworth's Medical Dictionary would have us consider "trichomania" and "trichotillomania" as synonyms. After further investigation, a distinction between the two is clearly warranted.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Manies
  • Comportement humain
DEF

Tic consistant à se passer la main dans les cheveux ou la barbe.

OBS

À ne pas confondre avec «trichotillomanie», geste qui consiste à s'arracher les cheveux et les poils.

Spanish

Save record 27

Record 28 1998-03-20

English

Subject field(s)
  • Optics
CONT

Munsell set a high value upon the principal hues red, yellow, green, blue and purple, but the sub-division between these cardinal points was made uniform and therefore rests on the equation of colour differences. The results of this procedure were illustrated... as well as the curves of constant hue and saturation.

Key term(s)
  • isotone

French

Domaine(s)
  • Optique
DEF

Caractérise des stimuli ou des réalisations de couleur qui ont même longueur d'onde dominante. [Définition normalisée par l'AFNOR.]

OBS

isotone : terme normalisé par l'AFNOR.

Spanish

Save record 28

Record 29 1997-12-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Stock Exchange
  • Investment
CONT

His profits are limited to $2. 35 per share(stock price appreciation of $. 75 per share up to option exercise price plus premium of $1. 60) plus any dividends the stock may pay and he foregoes all incremental profits arising from a price increase in Noranda shares above $27. 50, as illustrated by the horizontal portion of the "covered write" line.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Bourse
  • Investissements et placements
CONT

Il renonce ainsi à tous les profits additionnels que pourrait lui procurer une hausse du cours des actions Noranda au-dessus de 27,50$, comme l'illustre la portion horizontale de la courbe «vente couverte».

Key term(s)
  • profit supplémentaire

Spanish

Save record 29

Record 30 1996-11-15

English

Subject field(s)
  • Management Theory
  • Management Operations (General)
  • Work and Production
  • Special-Language Phraseology
CONT

The shift to process-based thinking is already underway, and that shift is illustrated by the radical changes that mainstream companies such as IBM Credit, Ford Motor, and Kodak have made.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Théories de la gestion
  • Opérations de la gestion (Généralités)
  • Travail et production
  • Phraséologie des langues de spécialité
CONT

Une évolution vers une réflexion en termes de processus est déjà en cours: c'est ce que démontrent les changements radicaux opérés par des sociétés aussi en vue que IBM Credit, Ford Motor ou Kodak.

Spanish

Save record 30

Record 31 1996-11-15

English

Subject field(s)
  • Corporate Management (General)
  • Special-Language Phraseology
CONT

The shift to process-based thinking is already underway, and that shift is illustrated by the radical changes that mainstream companies such as IBM Credit, Ford Motor, and Kodak have made.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Gestion de l'entreprise (Généralités)
  • Phraséologie des langues de spécialité
CONT

Une évolution vers une réflexion en termes de processus est déjà en cours : c'est ce que démontrent les changements radicaux opérés par des sociétés aussi en vue que IBM Credit, Ford Motor ou Kodak.

Spanish

Save record 31

Record 32 1996-06-05

English

Subject field(s)
  • Waste Management
  • Nuclear Waste Materials
CONT

... seepage pits which were used for dilute aqueous wastes have resulted in a contaminant plume of considerable volume. This lead to the fundamental decision that only solidified wastes will be considered for disposal. Experience with an early trench with a nonreinforced concrete cap, which collapsed and led to its flooding, illustrated the need for a strong, self-supporting cap as well as a permeable floor.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Gestion des déchets
  • Déchets nucléaires
OBS

Nous ne croyons pas que «couvercle» soit ici un équivalent approprié. Voir aussi «engineered cap» dans TERMIUM.

OBS

«autostable» : d'après «cheminée autostable». Voir cette fiche dans TERMIUM.

OBS

«autoporteur» : dont la stabilité est assurée par la forme (sans support).

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Gestión de los desechos
  • Desechos nucleares
Save record 32

Record 33 1996-05-17

English

Subject field(s)
  • Pulp Preparation (papermaking)
  • Water Treatment (Water Supply)
CONT

Flotation Clarifiers. Dissolved air flotation is a solids-removal process where fine air bubbles become attached to the suspended particles, thus reducing the density of individual particles and causing them to float to the surface. The separated solids then form a floating layer that is a mixture of solids and air bubbles. The buoyant force exerted by the entrapped air also acts to compact the solids into a smaller volume before the floating layer is skimmed off.... A flotation clarifier of recent design is illustrated in Figure 26-7. This unit features a deep, baffled flow shaft for the wastewater. Air is injected on the downcomer side at the bottom of the shaft where a portion is dissolved by hydrostatic pressure. Undissolved air rises against the downward flow, contributing to water saturation. Rising water on the other side of the shaft is thereby saturated with air, but free of undissolved air bubbles. As hydrostatic pressure declines, microscopic bubbles are released from solution and become attached to the suspended solids.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Préparation de la pâte à papier
  • Traitement des eaux
CONT

Les clarificateurs par flottation. La flottation avec insufflation d'air est une technique à laquelle on fait appel pour éliminer les matières solides contenues dans un liquide : en se fixant sur les particules en suspension, de petites bulles d'air abaissent la densité des particules, ce qui leur permet de flotter à la surface. Les particules qui se sont séparées du liquide forment une couche constituée d'un mélange de solides et de bulles d'air qui flotte à la surface. La poussée exercée par l'air emprisonné sert aussi à compacter les solides; la couche flottante a donc un volume plus faible quand on la retire par écumage. [...] Est représenté à la figure 26-7 un clarificateur par flottation de conception relativement récente. Cet appareil comporte un puits vertical profond, muni d'un déflecteur, dans lequel s'écoule l'effluent. On injecte l'air à la base du puits, du côté descendant. Une partie de l'air se dissout sous l'effet de la pression hydrostatique. L'air non dissous remonte à contre-courant, saturant ainsi l'eau. L'eau qui remonte dans la deuxième partie du puits est donc saturée en air, mais elle est exempte de bulles d'air non dissoutes. Au fur et à mesure que la pression hydrostatique diminue, il se dégage des bulles microscopiques.

Key term(s)
  • appareil de flottation

Spanish

Save record 33

Record 34 1996-03-18

English

Subject field(s)
  • Water Pollution
  • Radioactive Contamination
  • Hydrology and Hydrography
CONT

... seepage pits which were used for dilute aqueous wastes have resulted in a contaminant plume of considerable volume. This lead to the fundamental decision that only solidified wastes will be considered for disposal. Experience with an early trench with a nonreinforced concrete cap, which collapsed and led to its flooding, illustrated the need for a strong, self-supporting cap as well as a permeable floor. Contaminant plumes have provided the opportunity to measure groundwater flow and radionuclide transport and to determine retardation coefficients for the different radionuclides under field conditions.

CONT

Much of this work has been conducted at the Nordic Mine site at Elliot Lake where encouraging results are being obtained in area hydrology, chemical and radio-isotope distribution profiles in tailings solids and in pore water, and migration of contaminants in the surrounding aquifer (contaminant plume).

French

Domaine(s)
  • Pollution de l'eau
  • Pollution par radioactivité
  • Hydrologie et hydrographie
CONT

La plupart des travaux ont été menés à la mine Nordic d'Elliot Lake où on a obtenu d'encourageants résultats dans le domaine de l'hydrologie, de l'établissement de la distribution des produits chimiques et des radio-isotopes dans les résidus solides et dans l'eau de porosité, ainsi que de la migration des contaminants dans l'aquifère voisin (études des panaches de contamination).

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Contaminación del agua
  • Contaminación por radioactividad
  • Hidrología e hidrografía
Save record 34

Record 35 1996-03-18

English

Subject field(s)
  • Waste Management
  • Nuclear Waste Materials
CONT

... seepage pits which were used for dilute aqueous wastes have resulted in a contaminant plume of considerable volume, This lead to the fundamental decision that only solidified wastes will be considered for disposal. Experience with an early trench with a nonreinforced concrete cap, which collapsed and led to its flooding, illustrated the need for a strong, self-supporting cap as well as a permeable floor.

CONT

Reinforced Concrete Trenches - These are used to store the somewhat higher level miscellaneous reactor wastes which have been treated and placed in steel containers. The trenches are 3 m wide, 3 m deep and more than 40 m long with concrete walls and removable reinforced concrete lids.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Gestion des déchets
  • Déchets nucléaires
OBS

bouchon de béton : Terme proposé à partir de «bouchage par bétonnage» et de «bouchon d'araldite». Voir les contextes qui suivent. Nous croyons cependant que «couverture» est un terme plus sûr que ceux de «bouchon» et de «couvercle», ces derniers n'étant attestés que dans le cas d'étanchéisation de conteneurs alors que «couverture» se dit de ce qui recouvre une tranchée de stockage. Voir aussi «engineered cap» dans TERMIUM.

OBS

Les déchets irradiants [...] doivent être conditionnés en vue d'un entreposage sur le site. Ce conditionnement est réalisé dans l'INB n° 72 où les déchets sont tout d'abord compactés dans un conteneur [...] Les «galettes» ainsi obtenues sont ensuite empilées dans un conteneur en polyester armé de fibres de verre, un bouchon d'araldite coulé sur place réalisant l'étanchéité.

OBS

Après enrobage, le fût est déconnecté, les raccords obstrués, l'opération de bouchage définitif est réalisée par bétonnage après contrôle de prise de l'enrobé.

OBS

couche de recouvrement : terme proposé à partir de «recouvrir par une couche bitumineuse». Voir contexte ci-après.

OBS

Les tranchées bétonnées sont réalisées en partant d'une fosse creusée dans le sol, dans laquelle est réalisé un radier. On élève des parois en béton le long de la fosse, constituant ainsi des cases dans lesquelles sont déposés les déchets. Après injection d'un coulis de ciment, on obtient un monolithe que l'on recouvre par une couche bitumineuse.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Gestión de los desechos
  • Desechos nucleares
Save record 35

Record 36 1994-10-03

English

Subject field(s)
  • Engineering Tests and Reliability
  • Pulp Preparation (papermaking)
CONT

The resistance of a fiber mat to the flow of water is an important property with respect to pulp processing and papermaking. The classical method of determining this property in North America is by means of the Canadian Standard Freeness(CSF) tester as illustrated in Figure 22-2. The CSF is defined as the number of milliliters of water collected from the side orifice of the standard tester when a pulp suspension drains through the screen plate at 0. 30% consistency and 20°C.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Fiabilité, contrôle et essais (Ingénierie)
  • Préparation de la pâte à papier
CONT

Égouttabilité. La résistance opposée par les fibres à l'écoulement de l'eau est une propriété importante pour les procédés de mise en pâte et de fabrication du papier. On détermine d'ordinaire cette propriété en Amérique du Nord au moyen de l'appareil canadien normalisé de mesure de l'égouttabilité, le «Canadian Standard Freeness tester» (CSF). L'indice CSF d'égouttabilité de la pâte est le nombre de millilitres d'eau qui passent à travers l'orifice latéral de l'appareil quand la préparation de suspension, diluée à 0,3 % de concentration, à 20°C, s'égoutte sur une plaque perforée. Ce volume d'eau est recueilli dans une éprouvette spéciale.

Spanish

Save record 36

Record 37 1994-06-23

English

Subject field(s)
  • Papermaking Machines
CONT

One of the earliest blade coaters was the pond or puddle-coater as illustrated in figure 18-13. In more recent designs, the blade is separate from the applicator, leading to the designation of trailing blade coater.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Machines à papier
DEF

Type de coucheuse munie d'une lame métallique appuyée légèrement contre la feuille pour doser la sauce de couchage.

Spanish

Save record 37

Record 38 1993-12-23

English

Subject field(s)
  • Paper Manufacturing Processes
CONT

Sheet transfer from wire to press section. Originally, all paper machines employed an open-draw sheet transfer from the forming section to the press section. One type of open-draw configuration is illustrated in Figure 16-77. The tension needed to pull the wet web off the forming fabric is provided by a speed differential between the press and forming sections.(Wet paper develops tension when stretched, but as with other visco-elastic materials, the tension decays rapidly with time. For each subsequent open draw, sheet tension must be reimposed by an additional speed differential between sections.) Open draws are commonly used for heavyweight sheets and are still found on older lightweight machines operating at speeds below 600 m/min(2000 ft/min).

French

Domaine(s)
  • Fabrication du papier

Spanish

Save record 38

Record 39 1993-08-30

English

Subject field(s)
  • Pulp and Paper
CONT

At the heart of the repulping operation is the pulper itself. The most common design, illustrated schematically in Figure 14-3, is the low-consistency pulper with ragger and junker, which is usually run at 5-8% consistency, and may be operated in either continuous or batch mode. Strings, wires and rags are continuously withdrawn from the stock as a "debris rope". Initially, a few "primer wires" are rotated in the stock to start the rope, after which the rope builds on itself. Heavy objects are thrown into a recess at the side of the pulper by centrifugal force; this material is usually removed from the "junking tower" by a bucket elevator or grapple.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Pâtes et papier
CONT

Le recyclage des vieux papiers fait appel à un triturateur en continu équipé d'un tire-toron et d'un extracteur de débris (...) Les cordes, fils métalliques et torons sont extraits en continu de la suspension sous forme d'un "câble de débris". On commence par placer dans la préparation de pâte quelques fils métalliques servant d'amorce pour démarrer la formation du câble qui se continue par la suite. La force centrifuge projette les objets lourds dans une cavité sur la paroi du triturateur; ces matières sont évacuées de la "tour à débris" au moyen d'un élévateur à godets (...)

Spanish

Save record 39

Record 40 1993-05-18

English

Subject field(s)
  • Pulp Preparation (papermaking)
CONT

A traditional "high-density" storage chest(i. e., at 12-15% consistency) and pump-out arrangement is illustrated in figure 9-56. The stock, usually conveyed from a washer/thickener, is dropped into the top of the chest. The pulp then moves downward as a plug with essentially no intermixing. At the bottom of the chest, a side-entry agitator provides mixing energy and a number of nozzles around the periphery supply dilution water. This arrangement, referred to as "zone agitation", reduces the pulp consistency to a fairly uniform level below 4%, suitable for conventional pumping. Additional dilution water is added at the pump suction for more precise consistency control.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Préparation de la pâte à papier

Spanish

Save record 40

Record 41 1988-04-14

English

Subject field(s)
  • Air Pollution
  • Environmental Studies and Analyses
  • Atmospheric Physics
CONT

A well developed circulation can penetrate as far as 50 km inland. During sea breeze situations an interesting air pollution problem arises. This will be illustrated using the north shore of Lake Ontario as an example. Several thermal generating stations are opened near the coast. During a sea breeze situation..., their emissions are adverted inland relatively undispersed in stable air. Eventually the well-mixed layer whose thickness increases inland intercepts the plume and brings it to the ground. The result is stationary fumigation which persists much longer than the event-type of fumigation that occurs in late morning during the breakup of a nocturnal inversion.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Pollution de l'air
  • Études et analyses environnementales
  • Physique de l'atmosphère

Spanish

Save record 41

Record 42 1988-01-27

English

Subject field(s)
  • Group Dynamics
  • Social Psychology
OBS

Validation of the Johari window test as a measure of self-disclosure (Journal of Social Psychology; U.S.A.; 1983; Vol. 120; pp. 289-290)

OBS

The process of giving and receiving feedback can be illustrated through a model called the Johari window, originally developed by two psychologists, Joseph Luft and Harry Ingham, for their program in group process. The model can be looked upon as a communication window through which you give and receive information about yourself and others.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Dynamique des groupes
  • Psychologie sociale

Spanish

Save record 42

Record 43 1987-05-07

English

Subject field(s)
  • International Public Law
CONT

As further examples of servitudes one may take the rights of access actually enjoyed with respect to enclaves. Three instances are available, those along the Dutch-Belgian frontier, those of Portugal in India, and West Berlin. The importance of tacit arrangements as creating rights is illustrated by the Rights of Passage case decided by the International Court of Justice with respect to the enclaves of Portugal in India which are separated from Goa. These were acquired by treaty in 1779, from a local Indian prince, whose successor in title, Great Britain, permitted access. Portugal relied on a local custom of access and also on general customary law concerning access. The Court upheld Portugal' s limited right of access as the outcome of "a practice clearly established between two States which was accepted by the Parties as governing the relations between them. "The right of access to Berlin is not completely guaranteed in the documents relating to Allied occupation of the city, but is alleged to be incidental to the right to be in Berlin.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Droit international public

Spanish

Save record 43

Record 44 1986-09-25

English

Subject field(s)
  • Wastewater Treatment
  • Air Pollution
CONT

A typical cyclone is illustrated in Figure 6 [p. 15]. Dust-laden gas tangentially enters the annular space between the cyclone body and the outlet tube, and begins to traverse a helical path(shown by the solid flow line) called the "main vortex". Near the bottom of the cone, the axial direction of the helix reverses, as shown by the dotted line, and forms the "vortex core". The tangential velocity is greatest at a radial distance from the centerline of 0. 4 to 0. 8 the radius of the gas outlet tube. The diameter of the vortex core is usually 0. 2 to 0. 4 times the diameter of the gas outlet. The tangential direction of flow is the same in both the main vortex and the vortex core, so that centrifugal separating forces are exerted on the particles in both sections of flow.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Traitement des eaux usées
  • Pollution de l'air

Spanish

Save record 44

Record 45 1986-09-25

English

Subject field(s)
  • Wastewater Treatment
  • Air Pollution
CONT

A typical cyclone is illustrated in Figure 6 [p. 15]. Dust-laden gas tangentially enters the annular space between the cyclone body and the outlet tube, and begins to traverse a helical path(shown by the solid flow) called the "main vortex". Near the bottom of the cone, the axial direction of the helix reverses, as shown by the dotted line, and forms the "vortex core". The tangential velocity is greatest at a radial distance from the centerline of 0. 4 to 0. 8 the radius of the gas outlet tube. The diameter of the vortex core is usually 0. 2 to 0. 4 times the diameter of the gas outlet. The tangential direction of flow is the same in both the main vortex and the votex core, so that centrifugal separating forces are exerted on the particles in both sections of flow.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Traitement des eaux usées
  • Pollution de l'air

Spanish

Save record 45

Record 46 1986-07-11

English

Subject field(s)
  • Symbols, Motifs and Ornaments (Arts)
  • Glass Molding
CONT

"Late Nugget", illustrated in the Jefferson Glass Company catalogue, is also known as "Shell and Jewel" in the United States.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Symboles, motifs et ornements (Arts)
  • Moulage du verre

Spanish

Save record 46

Record 47 1986-06-12

English

Subject field(s)
  • Energy Transformation
  • Plate Tectonics
CONT

The explanation of the observed pattern of crustal structure at collision zones may perhaps be somewhat as illustrated.... The descending plate, forcing its way into the reluctant mantle, generates intense frictional heat and causes a melting zone to form at some distance inland.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Transformation de l'énergie
  • Tectonique des plaques

Spanish

Save record 47

Record 48 1985-08-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Floors and Ceilings
OBS

fig. 6. 47 : 1 inch by 4 inch strip used as bridging... Another type of [joist] bridging is illustrated in Fig. 6. 47... the 1-by 4-inch strip is nailed to the underside of the joists.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Planchers et plafonds
DEF

(charpente) pièces de bois placées perpendiculairement aux solives d'un plancher pour en assurer la rigidité.

Spanish

Save record 48

Record 49 1984-11-14

English

Subject field(s)
  • Packaging in Paper
OBS

A valve aperture in a "gusseted multiwall paper bag", as illustrated in accompanying graphic.

OBS

See figs. 86 and 87.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Emballages en papier
OBS

Il s'agit de l'ouverture de la valve d'un sac en papier multi-plis à soufflet ou sans soufflet, tel qu'illustré par le document graphique.

OBS

Voir fig. 86 et 87.

Spanish

Save record 49

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