TERMIUM Plus®

The Government of Canada’s terminology and linguistic data bank.

BETA PARTICLE [10 records]

Filter results by subject field Alphabetical list of terms

Filter results by subject field

Alphabetical list of terms

Record 1 2023-10-17

English

Subject field(s)
  • Nuclear Physics
  • Atomic Physics
Universal entry(ies)
β−
correct, symbol
DEF

A negatively charged particle emitted from the nucleus of an atom during radioactive decay.

CONT

The negatron or negative beta particle... will travel through matter until it has completely dissipated its kinetic energy via ionization, electron excitation, or bremsstrahlung.

OBS

The negatron has the same mass and charge as an electron, but differs from the latter in its origin; the negatron is ejected from the nucleus whereas the electron is in the electron cloud. They are therefore not synonyms.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Physique nucléaire
  • Physique atomique
Entrée(s) universelle(s)
β−
correct, symbol
DEF

Particule de charge négative qui se forme dans le noyau suite à une réaction radioactive et qui est alors éjecté de celui-ci.

CONT

La conservation de la charge électrique lors de la désintégration implique qu'en plus du proton, il y a création d'un négaton (électron chargé négativement) appelé rayonnement β-.

OBS

Bien que très similaires sur le plan des propriétés (masse, rayon, charge, etc.), le négaton et l'électron ne sont pas synonymes. Le négaton est éjecté du noyau, alors que l'électron se trouve dans le cortège électronique.

Spanish

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Record 2 2020-08-31

English

Subject field(s)
  • Scientific Research Equipment
  • Air Pollution
OBS

This instrument works by collecting particles on a filter tape and measuring the reduction in beta rays travelling through the collected particles to determine particle mass(which is proportional to reduction in beta rays).

French

Domaine(s)
  • Matériel et équipement (Recherche scientifique)
  • Pollution de l'air

Spanish

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Record 3 - external organization data 2015-05-04

English

Subject field(s)
  • Compartment - Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission
  • Atomic Physics
  • Nuclear Physics
DEF

An electron, of either positive charge (β+) or negative charge (β-), which has been emitted by an atomic nucleus or neutron in the process of a transformation.

CONT

Beta particles are high-velocity electrons(negatively charged) or positrons(positively charged). They are about one ten-thousandth the mass of an alpha particle and consequently can penetrate tissue and material more readily; an average energy beta particle can penetrate about one centimetre of tissue or water. However, to do damage, beta-emitting material must be ingested or be in direct contact with the body surface.

OBS

The term "beta-rays" signifies radiation composed of β-particles.

Key term(s)
  • β-particle

French

Domaine(s)
  • Tiroir - Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire
  • Physique atomique
  • Physique nucléaire
DEF

Particule légère produite lors de la décroissance radioactive.

OBS

Elle peut porter une charge électrique positive ou négative et a la même masse qu'un électron.

Key term(s)
  • particule β

Spanish

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Record 4 - external organization data 2014-10-30

English

Subject field(s)
  • Compartment - Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission
  • Atomic Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Radiation Protection
DEF

electron: A stable elementary particle which has an indivisible charge of negative electricity, is a constituent of all atoms, and is the carrier of electric current in solids ...

DEF

negaton; negatron: The ordinary, i.e. negatively charged, electron (as distinct from the positron).

CONT

Both positive and negative electrons reside together within the atom, and are complementary to one another. Recently the name proton has been suggested for the positive electron, so as to distinguish it from the negative electron. We will so refer to it in this essay, and will apply the word electron only to the negative particle.

CONT

Beta particles are high-velocity electrons(negatively charged) or positrons(positively charged). They are about one ten-thousandth the mass of an alpha particle and consequently can penetrate tissue and material more readily; an average energy beta particle can penetrate about one centimetre of tissue or water.

OBS

Nowadays, the word "electron" alone is used in the sense of "negative electron", this latter term being redundant.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Tiroir - Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire
  • Physique atomique
  • Chimie
  • Radioprotection
DEF

Particule élémentaire à charge électrique négative qui tourne autour du noyau d'un atome.

OBS

L'électron est quelquefois appelé «négaton», tandis que l'antiélectron [...] est appelé positron ou positon [...]

OBS

Symbole : lettre «e» suivie du signe «moins», en exposant. (Source : LEPHY).

Spanish

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Record 5 2014-07-31

English

Subject field(s)
  • Atomic Physics
  • Nuclear Physics
DEF

An electron or positron, which has been emitted by an atomic nucleus or neutron in a nuclear transformation.

OBS

beta particle : term and definition standardized by ISO in 1997.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Physique atomique
  • Physique nucléaire
DEF

Électron de charge positive ou négative qui a été émis par un noyau atomique ou un neutron au cours d'une transformation nucléaire.

OBS

particule bêta : terme et définition normalisés par l'ISO en 1997.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Física atómica
  • Física nuclear
Key term(s)
  • partícula β
Save record 5

Record 6 - external organization data 2012-07-09

English

Subject field(s)
  • Atomic Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Compartment - Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission
CONT

Tritium is a hydrogen atom that has 2 neutrons in the nucleus, in addition to its single proton, giving it an atomic weight near 3. Although tritium can be a gas, its most common form is in water, because, like non-radioactive hydrogen, radioactive tritium reacts with oxygen to form water. Tritium replaces one of the stable hydrogens in the water molecule, H2O, and is called tritiated water. Like H2O, tritiated water is colorless and odorless. Tritium has a half-life of 12. 3 years and emits a very weak beta particle.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Physique atomique
  • Chimie
  • Tiroir - Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire
CONT

-Eau tritiée (HTO). Légèrement plus lourde que l'eau légère H2O, c'est la forme la plus abondante du tritium dans le milieu naturel et les espèces vivantes. La différence de masse entre les composés H et T se manifeste dans les processus naturels de changement de phase tels que l'évaporation, la condensation ou la solidification, et entraîne un faible enrichissement du tritium par rapport à l'hydrogène léger dans la phase condensée.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Física atómica
  • Química
  • Compartimiento - Comisión Canadiense de Seguridad Nuclear
Save record 6

Record 7 - external organization data 2005-07-15

English

Subject field(s)
  • Atomic Physics
  • Compartment - Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission
CONT

Alphas and betas cause direct ionization. Each ion-pair created takes a small amount of energy and slows the alpha or beta a little bit. Eventually the particle stops. Alphas of a given energy all travel the same straight-line distance(range) in a given material.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Physique atomique
  • Tiroir - Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire
CONT

Les rayons alpha et bêta causent une ionisation directe. Chaque création de paire d'ions absorbe une petite quantité d'énergie et ralentit d'autant la particule. La particule finit par s'arrêter. Quelle que soit leur énergie, les alphas franchissent la même distance en ligne droite (dans une substance donnée, ils ont la même portée).

Spanish

Save record 7

Record 8 - external organization data 2005-07-15

English

Subject field(s)
  • Atomic Physics
  • Compartment - Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission
CONT

An incident gamma ray reacts with an electron in an atomic orbit. The gamma photon gives all of its energy to the orbiting electron and ceases to exist. The electron is ejected from the atom and behaves like a beta particle. The ejected electron is called a photoelectron.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Physique atomique
  • Tiroir - Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire
CONT

Un rayon gamma incident heurte un électron sur une orbite atomique, il lui cède toute son énergie et cesse d'exister. L'électron est éjecté de l'atome et se comporte comme une particule bêta, on appelle cet électron éjecté photoélectron.

Spanish

Save record 8

Record 9 - external organization data 2001-09-27

English

Subject field(s)
  • Geochemistry
  • Chemistry
  • Compartment - Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission
DEF

A shiny, gray, metallic radioactive element that is formed in nature by the loss of an alpha particle and a beta particle from uranium 235. Protactinium 231 disintegrates into actinium 227 and ultimately into lead 207... Symbol, Pa; valences, 4 and 5; tetragonal; atomic number, 91; atomic weight, 231.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Géochimie
  • Chimie
  • Tiroir - Commission canadienne de sûreté nucléaire
DEF

Élément radioactif faisant partie du groupe des actinides [...] formé dans la nature par la perte d'une particule alpha et d'une particule bêta de l'uranium 235.

OBS

Numéro atomique 91, nombre de masse 231.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Geoquímica
  • Química
  • Compartimiento - Comisión Canadiense de Seguridad Nuclear
Save record 9

Record 10 1995-07-05

English

Subject field(s)
  • Atomic Physics
DEF

a fundamental interaction experienced by elementary particles that is responsible for some particle decay processes, for nuclear beta decay, and for emission and absorption of neutrinos.

CONT

Above [1015 degrees Kelvin], the force responsible for nuclear decay and for the energy of the sun, known as the weak interaction, is profoundly changed in character: the condensate responsible for making the weak interactions weak vaporizes.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Physique atomique
CONT

Aux deux champs fondamentaux responsables [des phénomènes de la gravitation et de l'électromagnétisme] s'en ajoutent en réalité deux autres, apparus avec la physique nucléaire [...]: ce sont le champ des interactions "fortes" (ou nucléaires) [...], et le champ des interactions "faibles", qui se manifeste dans la radioactivité [bêta] des noyaux et dans la plupart des désintégrations des particules élémentaires.

Spanish

Save record 10

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