TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The vertebral endplate consists of hyaline cartilage weakly bonded to the perforated cortical bone of the vertebral body, and collagen fibers of the anulus and nucleus.  5, record 1, English, - vertebral%20endplate

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Vertebral endplates may be referred to as the superior or upper and inferior or lower endplates of a vertebra. According to some authors, vertebral endplates are the upper and lower cartilaginous faces of the intervertebral discs whereas for others, these structures are part of or closely linked to the vertebral body.  6, record 1, English, - vertebral%20endplate

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Articulations de la colonne vertébrale. [...] Les corps vertébraux s'articulent entre eux par des amphiarthroses. Les surfaces articulaires sont représentées par les faces inférieure de la vertèbre sus-jacente et supérieure de la vertèbre sous-jacente, appelées encore plateaux vertébraux. Elles [les faces] sont recouvertes par une mince couche de cartilage.  1, record 1, French, - plateau%20vert%C3%A9bral

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On peut parler des plateaux vertébraux supérieur et inférieur d'une vertèbre donnée. Certains auteurs considèrent que le plateau vertébral est une composante du disque intervertébral, tandis que d'autres affirment qu'il est intimement lié au corps vertébral ou en fait partie intégrante.  2, record 1, French, - plateau%20vert%C3%A9bral

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The hyaline cartilage forming the framework of the cartilaginous part of the nasal septum, adjacent to and partly fused with the lateral nasal cartilages...  3, record 2, English, - septal%20nasal%20cartilage

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The cartilaginous structure supporting the gills in protochordates and lower vertebrates...  1, record 3, English, - branchial%20basket

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les fentes branchiales à fonction respiratoire sont séparées par des cloisons soutenues par des baguettes de tissu conjonctif à aspect cartilagineux, et richement vascularisées. Cette corbeille branchiale manifeste elle aussi une dissymétrie du fait que les cloisons alternent d'un côté à l'autre.  1, record 3, French, - corbeille%20branchiale

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

El esqueleto visceral consta de una cesta branquial formada, a cada lado, por nueve barras cartilaginosas verticales, curvadas irregularmente.  1, record 3, Spanish, - cesta%20branquial

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A winglike cartilaginous bone within a mammal' s skull, forming part of the socket of the eye.  1, record 4, English, - alisphenoid%20bone

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le cartilage de Meckel va donner naissance aux structures osseuses suivantes [:] mandibule; portion latérale de l'os maxillaire; alisphénoïde, qui donnera la majeure partie de la grande aile du sphénoïde, ainsi que le ligament spéhnomandibulaire [...]  2, record 4, French, - alisph%C3%A9no%C3%AFde

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The plate of cartilage forming the anterior part of the nasal septum.  2, record 5, English, - cartilaginous%20part%20of%20nasal%20septum

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

cartilaginous part of nasal septum; pars cartilaginea septi nasi : designations found in the Terminologia Anatomica.  3, record 5, English, - cartilaginous%20part%20of%20nasal%20septum

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

partie cartilagineuse du septum nasal : désignation dérivée de la Terminologia Anatomica.  2, record 5, French, - partie%20cartilagineuse%20du%20septum%20nasal

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 OBS

pars cartilaginea septi nasi : désignation tirée de la Terminologia Anatomica.  2, record 5, French, - partie%20cartilagineuse%20du%20septum%20nasal

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The anterior inferior part of the nasal septum, beneath the cartilaginous part...  2, record 6, English, - membranous%20part%20of%20nasal%20septum

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

... it is composed of skin and subcutaneous tissues.  2, record 6, English, - membranous%20part%20of%20nasal%20septum

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 OBS

membranous part of nasal septum; pars membranacea septi nasi: designations found in the Terminologia Anatomica.  3, record 6, English, - membranous%20part%20of%20nasal%20septum

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

partie membraneuse du septum nasal : désignation dérivée de la Terminologia Anatomica.  2, record 6, French, - partie%20membraneuse%20du%20septum%20nasal

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 OBS

pars membranacea septi nasi : désignation tirée de la Terminologia Anatomica.  2, record 6, French, - partie%20membraneuse%20du%20septum%20nasal

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The partition separating the two nasal cavities in the midplane, composed of cartilaginous, membranous, and bony parts.  2, record 7, English, - nasal%20septum

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

nasal septum; septum nasi: designations found in the Terminologia Anatomica.  3, record 7, English, - nasal%20septum

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

septum nasal : désignation dérivée de la Terminologia Anatomica.  4, record 7, French, - septum%20nasal

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

septum nasi : désignation tirée de la Terminologia Anatomica.  4, record 7, French, - septum%20nasal

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Estructura laminar osteocartilaginosa ubicada en la parte media de la pirámide nasal, de posición vertical y anteroposterior [que] forma la pared interna de ambas fosas nasales.  3, record 7, Spanish, - tabique%20nasal

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A forensic anthropologist applies specialized knowledge of the human skeleton and its cartilaginous structures, as well as archaeological methods, to assist with medicolegal death investigations.  2, record 8, English, - forensic%20anthropologist

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'anthropologue judiciaire se concentre d'abord sur l'analyse des restes humains squelettiques, principalement dans un contexte historique et préhistorique; l'anthropologue judiciaire applique ensuite ces méthodes aux situations médico-légales contemporaines.  2, record 8, French, - anthropologue%20judiciaire

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The extent of ossification around the notochord, the presence or absence of a notochordal canal, the presence of absence of cartilaginous arch remnants in the centrum, the fusion or non-fusion of the arches with the centrum, and the nature of the zygapophyses should have at least broad evolutionary significance [in teleosts].  2, record 9, English, - fused

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The neural and haemal arches may be partly ossified, and the spines may or may not be fused with the arches.  2, record 9, English, - fused

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 3 OBS

[said] of groups of atoms or cellular structures joined or coalesced.  3, record 9, English, - fused

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Chez les poissons téléostéens, se dit de vertèbres constituées par la soudure intime des arcs osseux et des centres osseux, recouverts en totalité par une couche osseuse (qui s'insère entre ces différents constituants).  2, record 9, French, - holospondyle

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Nous rappellerons que les vertèbres des téléostéens sont holospondyles, monospondyles et amphicoeliques, c'est-à-dire entièrement soudées et osseuses, avec un seul centre par segment et biconcaves.  3, record 9, French, - holospondyle

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

One of a series of bony or cartilaginous arches that develop in the walls of the mouth cavity and pharynx of a vertebrate embryo, [which consist] typically of a curved segmented bar or rod on each side meeting the contralateral bar or rod at the ventral end...  3, record 10, English, - visceral%20arch

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Pièce squelettique, cartilagineuse ou osseuse, soutenant la région bucco‑pharyngée des vertébrés.  5, record 10, French, - arc%20visc%C3%A9ral

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Any of the bony or cartilaginous arches or curved bars extending dorsoventrally and placed one behind the other on each side of the pharynx and supporting the gills of fishes and amphibians.  1, record 11, English, - gill%20arch

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Arc osseux ou cartilagineux dans la gorge du poisson auquel les filaments et les branchiospines des branchies sont attachées.  1, record 11, French, - arc%20branchial

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les poissons osseux ont habituellement quatre arcs branchiaux.  1, record 11, French, - arc%20branchial

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The chondrocranium(cartilaginous part [of the neurocranium]) is formed by the fusion of cartilages, and following ossification becomes the occipital, temporal, sphenoid and ethmoid bones.  2, record 12, English, - chondrocranium

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

chondrocranium: designation derived from the Terminologia Anatomica.  3, record 12, English, - chondrocranium

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 OBS

A02.1.00.009: Terminologia Anatomica identifying number.  3, record 12, English, - chondrocranium

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ensemble des éléments cartilagineux qui [...] forment la majeure partie des os de la base du crâne.  2, record 12, French, - chondrocr%C3%A2ne

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

chondrocrâne : désignation dérivée de la Terminologia Anatomica.  3, record 12, French, - chondrocr%C3%A2ne

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 OBS

A02.1.00.009 : numéro d'identification de la Terminologia Anatomica.  3, record 12, French, - chondrocr%C3%A2ne

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Porción cartilaginosa que forma la base del cráneo.  1, record 12, Spanish, - condrocr%C3%A1neo

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The trachea, extending from the larynx into the thorax, terminates inferiorly as it divides into right and left main bronchi. It transports air to and from the lungs, and its epithelium propels debris-laden mucus toward the pharynx for expulsion from the mouth. The trachea is a fibrocartilaginous tube, supported by incomplete cartilaginous tracheal rings, that occupies a median position in the neck...  3, record 13, English, - trachea

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

trachea: designation derived from the Terminologia Anatomica.  4, record 13, English, - trachea

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 OBS

A06.3.01.001: Terminologia Anatomica identifying number.  4, record 13, English, - trachea

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La trachée prolonge le larynx jusque dans le thorax où elle se termine en se divisant en bronches principales droite et gauche. Elle achemine l'air des poumons et son épithélium assure la propulsion vers le pharynx des débris enrobés de mucus pour être expulsés par la bouche. La trachée est un tube fibro-cartilagineux, renforcé par des anneaux cartilagineux incomplets, les anneaux trachéaux; elle occupe le plan médian du cou [...]  3, record 13, French, - trach%C3%A9e

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

trachée : désignation dérivée de la Terminologia Anatomica.  4, record 13, French, - trach%C3%A9e

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 OBS

A06.3.01.001 : numéro d'identification de la Terminologia Anatomica.  4, record 13, French, - trach%C3%A9e

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Parte del aparato respiratorio de los vertebrados aéreos comprendida entre la laringe y los bronquios.  1, record 13, Spanish, - tr%C3%A1quea

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A] point at which the process of ossification begins in [the cartilaginous framework of] bones.  2, record 14, English, - ossification%20centre

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

ossification centre: term derived from the Terminologia Anatomica.  3, record 14, English, - ossification%20centre

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 2 OBS

A02.0.00.043: Terminologia Anatomica identifying number.  3, record 14, English, - ossification%20centre

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Endroit où débute l'ossification dans l'ébauche cartilagineuse de l'os.  2, record 14, French, - centre%20d%27ossification

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

centre d'ossification : terme dérivé de la Terminologia Anatomica.  3, record 14, French, - centre%20d%27ossification

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 2 OBS

A02.0.00.043 : numéro d'identification de la Terminologia Anatomica.  3, record 14, French, - centre%20d%27ossification

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An elastic, cartilaginous band or rod forming the primitive basis of the spinal column, present in all embryonic chordates.  2, record 15, English, - notochord

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les cellules mésodermiques localisées directement sous la ligne primitive s'agrègent rapidement et forment un cordon appelé notochorde, qui constitue le premier support axial de l'embryon [...]  1, record 15, French, - notochorde

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The metacarpo-phalangeal joint of the foreleg of a mutton carcass.  2, record 16, English, - spool%20joint

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In the carcass, age is determined by the presence or absence of a spool or break joint. The break joint is a cartilaginous area of the cannon bone that is not ossified(bony). This joint ossifies with age to become what is called a spool joint.  3, record 16, English, - spool%20joint

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Articulation métacarpienne-phalangienne du membre antérieur d'une carcasse de mouton.  2, record 16, French, - articulation%20cannel%C3%A9e

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans la carcasse, l'âge est déterminé par la présence ou l'absence d'articulations dentelées ou d'articulations cannelées. L'articulation dentelée est une zone cartilagineuse de l'os du canon (métacarpe) qui n'est pas ossifiée. L'articulation dentelée s'ossifie avec l'âge pour devenir une articulation cannelée.  3, record 16, French, - articulation%20cannel%C3%A9e

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Two chondrostean lineages survive today : the sturgeons of Eurasia and North America, and the paddlefish of North America and China. These two lineages have secondarily lost a number of actinopterygian traits : they lack scales on most of the body, have a cartilaginous skeleton, and have developed a shark-like, heterocercal tail and a rostrum extending past the mouth.  1, record 17, English, - chondrostean

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Chez les Chondrostéens, représentés actuellement par l'esturgeon (Acipenser), la corde dorsale ne disparaît pas et la colonne vertébrale reste cartilagineuse.  1, record 17, French, - chondrost%C3%A9en

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In addition to the above-mentioned major laryngeal cartilages, there are two paired cartilaginous nodules at the inlet of the larynx : the corniculate cartilage, lying at the apex of the arytenoid cartilage, and the cuneiform cartilage, a flake of cartilage within the margin of the aryepiglottic fold.  1, record 18, English, - cuneiform%20cartilage

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Petit cartilage situé de chaque côté du repli aryténo-épiglottique.  1, record 18, French, - cartilage%20cun%C3%A9iforme

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In addition to the above-mentioned major laryngeal cartilages, there are two paired cartilaginous nodules at the inlet of the larynx : the corniculate cartilage, lying at the apex of the arytenoid cartilage, and the cuneiform cartilage, a flake of cartilage within the margin of the aryepiglottic fold.  1, record 19, English, - corniculate%20cartilage

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les cartilages corniculés : ce sont deux petits cônes dont la base est fixée sur le sommet des cartilages aryténoïdes, et dont le sommet, libre, s’incurve en dedans et en arrière.  1, record 19, French, - cartilage%20cornicul%C3%A9

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Non union of the laminae, most commonly L5, posteriorly behind the cauda equina. It may be simply due to a failure of ossification of an otherwise united cartilaginous neural arch, or else, it may be associated with quite severe abnormalities of the dural sac, cauda equina and spinal cord.(Taken from Charlie Kornberg's Glossary of Physiotherapy Terms.  2, record 20, English, - spina%20bifida%20occulta

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les formes mineures [du spina bifida], c'est-à-dire purement osseuse (spina bifida occulta), sont d'une extrême banalité et n'entraînent, si elles sont isolées, aucun retentissement, ni neurologique, ni fonctionnel.  3, record 20, French, - spina%20bifida%20occulta

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Variété de spina bifida dans laquelle la peau, normalement développée au niveau de la fissure rachidienne, la cache complètement.  2, record 20, French, - spina%20bifida%20occulta

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A dark purple branching cartilaginous seaweed [of the family Gigartinaceae] found on the coasts of northern Europe and North America.  5, record 21, English, - carageen%20moss

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Irish moss: Trade name recommended by the "Comité de normalisation de la terminologie des pêches commerciales" and by Fisheries and Oceans Canada.  6, record 21, English, - carageen%20moss

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Bien que très polymorphe, le goémon frisé ressemble le plus souvent à une touffe dressée, en éventail, souvent rouge violacé foncé, arbustive. Cette touffe fait penser à une petite salade frisée.  5, record 21, French, - carragh%C3%A9en

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

mousse d'Irlande : nom français commercial normalisé par l'Office de la langue française et par le Comité de normalisation de la terminologie des pêches commerciales.  6, record 21, French, - carragh%C3%A9en

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The cartilaginous capsule of the embryo that develops into the bony labyrinth of the inner ear.  1, record 22, English, - auditory%20capsule

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Chez l'embryon, capsule cartilagineuse qui donnera naissance au labyrinthe osseux de l'oreille.  1, record 22, French, - capsule%20auditive%20cartilagineuse

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A reactive lesion occurring in soft tissues, at times near bone and periosteum, most often after trauma. The lesion is characterized by fibrous, osseous, and cartilaginous proliferation and metaplasia.  2, record 23, English, - localized%20myositis%20ossificans

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The term is a misnomer because often skeletal muscle is not involved and when involved it does not necessarily show inflammatory changes. In its early evolution, bone may not be identifiable on conventional radiography, but computed tomography and ultrasonography may show early signs of calcification in soft tissues.  2, record 23, English, - localized%20myositis%20ossificans

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Remaniement du tissu musculaire strié ou de tout autre tissu conjonctif associant une prolifération fibroblastique et des métaplasies cartilagineuses ou osseuses. D'origine le plus souvent post-traumatique, cette affection peut atteindre la surface externe d'un os ou les tissus mous, à distance de la surface périostée. Elle peut simuler un processus néoplasique. À la période d'état, l'aspect diagnostic est celui d'une formation osseuse comprenant une corticale et des travées osseuses. À un stade plus précoce, la radiographie ne montre pas les éléments calcifiés : il convient alors de recourir à la tomodensitométrie ou à l'échographie pour faire le diagnostic.  1, record 23, French, - myosite%20ossifiante

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le terme myosite ossifiante, quoique très largement adopté, est mauvais. Le tissu musculaire n'est pas nécessairement atteint dans cette lésion qui n'est pas inflammatoire. La lésion, apparaissant dans les tissus mous, est quelquefois dénommée tumeur osseuse pseudo-maligne des tissus mous. La myosite ossifiante est nettement distincte de l'affection rare et généralisée connue sous le nom de myosite ossifiante progressive.  1, record 23, French, - myosite%20ossifiante

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A benign tumor with extensive fibrous and cartilaginous elements.  1, record 24, English, - chondrofibroma

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Fibrome contenant des éléments cartilagineux.  2, record 24, French, - chondrofibrome

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An inspiratory sinking-in of soft tissues in relation to the cartilaginous and bony thorax, especially when airway obstruction is severe and produced by differences in pressure existing at any moment between the intrapleural space(intrathoracic) and that outside the thorax(atmospheric).  1, record 25, English, - retraction

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dépression observée en cas d'obstacle à la pénétration de l'air dans les poumons.  2, record 25, French, - tirage

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Le] tirage [est dit] intercostal : muscle attiré à l'intérieur du thorax, dépression forte dans le thorax, signe de détresses respiratoires, sus-sternal [ou] sus-claviculaire : en arrière de la clavicule. Les insuffisants respiratoires doivent générer des pressions plus importantes pour respirer normalement, ce qui crée des dépressions.  1, record 25, French, - tirage

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A kyphotic deformity of the lower thoracic spine developing insidiously in children about the period of puberty. On radiographs, irregularity of vertebral contours due to arrested or abnormal vertebral growth is observed in association with Schmorl’s nodes. Prolapse of intervertebral disc tissue anteriorly may also be seen as well as wedging or reduction of height of the anterior portion of the vertebral bodies.  5, record 26, English, - Scheuermann%27s%20disease

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Although the predominant involvement of the epiphysis of the vertebral rim was initially interpreted as evidence of osteonecrosis, considerable disagreement as to the cause and pathogenesis of this disorder subsequently developed. The basis for the nodes is not clear, although stress-induced intraosseous displacements through congenitally or traumatically weakened portions of the cartilaginous endplate appear probable.  5, record 26, English, - Scheuermann%27s%20disease

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Affection vertébrale de l'adolescence, d'étiologie inconnue, caractérisée par des lésions de la zone de croissance ostéochondrale des corps vertébraux entraînant une déformation cunéiforme des corps vertébraux et la constitution de hernies nucléaires intrasomatiques ou rétromarginales antérieures. Elle se signale cliniquement par l'apparition progressive d'une cyphose dorsale douloureuse, à laquelle s'ajoute une certaine raideur dorsale.  4, record 26, French, - maladie%20de%20Scheuermann

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Aucune preuve en faveur d'une étiologie, notamment inflammatoire ou vasculaire, n'a été reconnue. Le mécanisme des lésions observées dans cette maladie est très discuté : on ne sait si des micro-traumatismes peuvent être seuls incriminés pour la présence de hernies discales ou s'il existe aussi une prédisposition anatomique ou une anomalie d'ossification préexistante.  4, record 26, French, - maladie%20de%20Scheuermann

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Concavity of the contour of the bridge of the nose due to collapse of cartilaginous or bony support, or both; it was once most often due to congenital syphilis, but is now more commonly the result of congenital epidermal defect or of leprosy.  1, record 27, English, - saddle%20nose

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Seen in Wegener’s granulomatosis and polychondritis.  2, record 27, English, - saddle%20nose

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Déformation du nez due à la destruction du cartilage de la cloison nasale : le segment inférieur du nez s'affaisse, subissant un recul, et rentre, s'enchâsse dans le segment supérieur. Elle est caractéristique de la syphilis congénitale, mais se voit également dans la polychondrite atrophiante chronique et dans l'acrocéphalosyndactylie.  3, record 27, French, - nez%20en%20lorgnette

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les variétés les plus importantes de déformations du nez dans la syphilis osseuse sont le nez canard où la racine est aplatie, le nez en lorgnette où la partie inférieure du nez télescope dans la partie supérieure, le nez en pied de marmite avec direction oblique en haut en avant des orifices narinaires.  3, record 27, French, - nez%20en%20lorgnette

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Peut s'observer dans la granulomatose de Wegener et la polychondrite chronique atrophiante.  4, record 27, French, - nez%20en%20lorgnette

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Small hard nodules, formed usually on the dorsal aspect of the distal interphalangeal articulations of the fingers, produced by cartilaginous or bony enlargements and associated with interphalangeal osteoarthritis. They commonly develop in women at menopause.  2, record 28, English, - Heberden%27s%20nodes

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Nodosités sur la face dorsale des articulations atteintes, caractéristiques des arthroses interphalangiennes distales.  2, record 28, French, - nodosit%C3%A9s%20d%27Heberden

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Concavity of the contour of the bridge of the nose due to collapse of cartilaginous or bony support, or both, it was once most often due to congenital syphilis, but is now more commonly the result of congenital epidermal defect or of leprosy.  1, record 29, English, - saddle%20nose

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Can be seen in Wegener’s granulomatosis.  3, record 29, English, - saddle%20nose

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Déformation de la pyramide du nez, due à un affaissement de la portion osseuse et du cartilage de l'arête nasale.  4, record 29, French, - ensellure%20nasale

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La syphilis congénitale précoce peut entraîner un effondrement de la charpente cartilagineuse réalisant le nez en lorgnette [...], et même un effondrement du squelette osseux, réalisant le nez en selle.  4, record 29, French, - ensellure%20nasale

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Le terme de «nez en selle» est souvent utilisé pour désigner, en fait, le «nez en lorgnette».  5, record 29, French, - ensellure%20nasale

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Peut s'observer dans la granulomatose de Wegener.  4, record 29, French, - ensellure%20nasale

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 4 OBS

Le terme «nez en selle» est plus fréquent que «ensellure nasale».  4, record 29, French, - ensellure%20nasale

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 5 OBS

Le terme «ensellure nasale» a été privilégié par le Comité de sémiologie médicale.  6, record 29, French, - ensellure%20nasale

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An additional cartilaginous nodule normally found in the wrist in prenatal life that usually fuses with the cartilaginous scaphoid but may remain separate as a bony nodule on the dorsum of the wrist between the trapezoid, capitate, and scaphoid bones.  2, record 30, English, - os%20centrale

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Osselet du carpe, situé entre le trapèze, le scaphoïde et le grand os. Chez l'homme, il n'existe qu'à l'état embryonnaire et s'incorpore au scaphoïde, dont il constitue la portion distale qui s'articule avec le trapézoïde et le trapèze.  1, record 30, French, - os%20central%20du%20carpe

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A group of operations designed to improve or alter a patient’s voice.  2, record 31, English, - phonosurgery

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Phonosurgery includes phonomicrosurgery(microsurgery of the vocal folds done through an endoscope), laryngoplastic phonosurgery(open-neck surgery that restructures the cartilaginous framework of the larynx and the soft tissues), laryngeal injection(injection into the larynx of medications as well as synthetic and organic biologic substances), and reinnervation(restoration of the nerve supply) of the larynx.  3, record 31, English, - phonosurgery

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF

L'ensemble des pratiques chirurgicales dont le but principal est de promouvoir l'amélioration, et si possible, la normalisation de la phonation.  1, record 31, French, - phonochirurgie

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A sarcoma containing myxoid and cartilaginous components.  1, record 32, English, - chondromyxosarcoma

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Sarcome peu différencié, contenant des éléments cartilagineux et muqueux.  1, record 32, French, - chondromyxosarcome

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A benign tumor with extensive fibrous and cartilaginous elements.  1, record 33, English, - fibrochondroma

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Fibrome associé à des éléments cartilagineux.  1, record 33, French, - chondrofibrome

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A tumor composed of both glandular and cartilaginous tissue, as in a mixed tumor of the salivary glands.  3, record 34, English, - adenochondroma

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A congenital, more or less complete doubling of the spinal cord associated with the formation of a bony or cartilaginous septum from the posterior wall of the vertebral canal, usually in spina bifida.  2, record 35, English, - diastematomyelia

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Variété de notochordodysraphie plus rare que le spina bifida, aboutissant à une bipartition de la moelle dans le sens longitudinal.  1, record 35, French, - diast%C3%A9matomy%C3%A9lie

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Elle est caractérisée par la présence d'un spicula osseux projeté de la face postérieure d'un corps vertébral dans le plan sagittal médian et séparant le sac dural en deux en transfixiant la moelle.  1, record 35, French, - diast%C3%A9matomy%C3%A9lie

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The trough-shaped cartilage of the cartilaginous part of the external acoustic meatus.  1, record 36, English, - cartilage%20of%20acoustic%20meatus

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cartilaginous and bony enlargements of the proximal interphalangeal joints of the fingers in degenerative joint disease.  1, record 37, English, - Bouchard%27s%20nodes

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Such nodules in the terminal interphalangeal joints are called Heberden’s nodes.  1, record 37, English, - Bouchard%27s%20nodes

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Nodosités des articulations interphalangiennes proximales, en particulier de l'index et du médius, dues à un gonflement articulaire, surtout de la face dorsale de l'articulation.  1, record 37, French, - nodosit%C3%A9s%20de%20Bouchard

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Leur signification n'est pas totalement élucidée. Si elles sont souvent le signe d'une arthrose, elles peuvent parfois correspondre à de véritables arthrites rhumatismales.  2, record 37, French, - nodosit%C3%A9s%20de%20Bouchard

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Il n'y a pas l'éperon ostéophytique postérieur caractéristique de la nodosité d'Heberden.  1, record 37, French, - nodosit%C3%A9s%20de%20Bouchard

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cartilaginous fishes... have internal fertilization.... It is the pelvic fins of males which develop [a] copulatory organ called clasper. It is supported by the fin skeleton and may be of elaborate configuration. In some rays it includes erectile tissue. [Each pelvic fin develops a clasper. ]  2, record 38, English, - clasper

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Chez certains Selaciens la] paire de nageoires [...] pelviennes ou abdominales [du mâle] porte sur son bord interne une forte tige cannelée, le "ptérygopode", qui est un "organe copulateur."  4, record 38, French, - pt%C3%A9rygopode

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Small osteocartilaginous or cartilaginous loose body in the synovial cavity of a joint.  2, record 39, English, - joint%20mouse

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Corps ostéo-cartilagineux ou entièrement cartilagineux, libre dans la cavité articulaire [...]  1, record 39, French, - souris%20articulaire

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On retrouve la définition sous l'entrée «arthrophyte».  3, record 39, French, - souris%20articulaire

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Costochondral separations are typical of scurvy. The sternum with the cartilaginous portions of the ribs is displaced posteriorly, while the sharp anterior ends of the bony ribs protrude anteriorly. These sharp bony ends form the scorbutic rosary, in contrast to the rounded prominences of the rachitic rosary.  2, record 40, English, - scorbutic%20rosary

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Calcification of hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage or both indicating the presence of calcium salts, especially calcium pyrophosphate, and appearing radiologically as a thin line of increased density in the cartilaginous structures of one or more joints.  2, record 41, English, - chondrocalcinosis

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

When accompanied by attacks of goutlike symptoms, it is known as pseudogout.  1, record 41, English, - chondrocalcinosis

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A condition in which cartilaginous loose bodies are formed by cartilage metaplasia of the synovial lining of joints and tendon sheaths.  2, record 42, English, - synovial%20chondromatosis

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

This retrospective study concerns six patients in whom chondrosarcoma was suspected to develop in synovial chondromatosis.  3, record 42, English, - synovial%20chondromatosis

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Métaplasie cartilagineuse des fibroblastes de l'intima synoviale, qui touche préférentiellement le genou. [D'après REVOR, 1996, vol. 82, no 3, p. 217]  2, record 42, French, - chondromatose%20synoviale

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The spur on the leg of a bird. A bony or cartilaginous process on the calcaneum of a bat; projecting backwards and inwards from the heel and helping to support the part of the wing-membrane which is between the legs.  2, record 43, English, - calcar

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 OBS

pl. calcaria.  3, record 43, English, - calcar

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Structure cartilagineuse attachée au tarse des chiroptères et supportant la membrane interfémorale.  4, record 43, French, - calcar

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les phalanges varient en nombre, au pied comme à la main [...] On appelle Calcar [...] un élément osseux additionnel du côté médial du premier métatarsien.  2, record 43, French, - calcar

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 44,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Two or more tarsal bones joined together by a bridge or bar(osseous, cartilaginous, fibrous, or a combination) often producing a peroneal spastic flatfoot. The commonest forms are talocalcaneal and calcaneonavicular coalitions although other types such as talonavicular, naviculocuboid and naviculocuneiform have been described. [From DAMUS, 1977, p. 507 and SALMU, 1983, p. 120. ]  2, record 44, English, - tarsal%20coalition

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Pont (osseux, cartilagineux ou fibreux) entre deux os du tarse, notamment entre l'astragale et le calcanéum, ou le calcanéum et le scaphoïde. La synostose du tarse se présente en règle générale sous l'aspect d'un pied plat spasthique.  3, record 44, French, - synostose%20du%20tarse

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 45,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A vertebra in which a small fragment of the vertebral rim is isolated by intraosseous penetration of disc material at the junction of the cartilaginous endplate and the bony rim extending along an oblique course toward the outer surface of the vertebral body. It is most common at the anterosuperior corner of a single lumbar vertebral body. [From REBON, 1988, pp. 1528, 1530. ]  2, record 45, English, - limbus%20vertebra

Record 45,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Vertèbre caractérisée par le détachement d'un fragment triangulaire, séparé du corps vertébral par une ligne radiotransparente représentant du matériel discal.  1, record 45, French, - vert%C3%A8bre%20limbique

Record 45,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 46,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[John W. Saunders of the State University of New York and his colleagues] found that a thickened region of the ectoderm running like a ridge across the tip of the limb bud is essential for development. If this apical ectodermal ridge is removed while cartilaginous elements are being laid down, parts of the [wing of the chick] will fail to develop.  1, record 46, English, - apical%20ectodermal%20ridge

Record 46,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[John Saunders et ses collègues de l'Université de l'état de New York] s'aperçurent qu'une région épaissie de l'ectoderme, constituant une sorte de crête à travers l'apex du bourgeon du membre, était indispensable au développement. Quand on procède à l'ablation de cette crête apicale ectodermique pendant la mise en place des éléments cartilagineux, certaines parties [de l'aile de poulet] ne se forment pas.  1, record 46, French, - cr%C3%AAte%20apicale%20ectodermique

Record 46,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 47,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 OBS

a substance closely allied to albumen, present in the yolk of the eggs of cartilaginous fishes.  1, record 47, English, - ichtin

Record 47,  Textual support,  French

Record 47,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 48,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Jurassic, with seas full of cartilaginous fish life(...) The semionotids Dapedius and Lepidotus; pycnodonts such as Caturus, Eugnathus, Pachycormus, and Macrosemius; advanced types such as Pholidophorus-these are but few of the many common forms.  1, record 48, English, - Pholidophorus

Record 48,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Poisson ganoïde au corps fusiforme, cantonné dans le Trias et le Jurassique.  1, record 48, French, - pholidophorus

Record 48,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 49,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The pelvic girdle in the sharks(...) is a simple cartilaginous bar(...)  1, record 49, English, - pelvic%20girdle

Record 49,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Toute nageoire paire est articulée à une ceinture (...) dite pelvienne (...) quand elle suspend les nageoires pelviennes.  1, record 49, French, - ceinture%20pelvienne

Record 49,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 50,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The pectoral girdle(...) consists of a cartilaginous endo-skeletal portion(...)  1, record 50, English, - pectoral%20girdle

Record 50,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Toute nageoire paire est articulée à une ceinture (...) dite scapulaire quand elle porte les nageoires pectorales (...)  1, record 50, French, - ceinture%20scapulaire

Record 50,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 51,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 OBS

An alternative name for Cartilaginous fish or "Chondrichthyes". The name refers to the fact that the gill-slits are exposed and not covered by an operculum.  3, record 51, English, - Elasmobranch

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 2 OBS

(...) designating or of a class(Chondrichthyes) of fishes characterized by cartilaginous skeletons, placoid scales, and lack of air bladders.  1, record 51, English, - Elasmobranch

Record 51,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Le] phylum des "Elasmobranchii" [renferme] les Arthrodires et les Antriarches, rangés souvent sous le nom de "Poissons cuirassés" ou "Placodermes", et localisés dans le Dévonien. Quelques Arthrodires offrent d'étroites ressemblances avec les Elasmobranches, qui appartiennent ainsi à ce même phylum.  3, record 51, French, - Elasmobranche

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Encore appelés "Elasmobranches", les Chondrichthyens groupent, pour les formes actuelles, les "Sélaciens" et les "Holocéphales".  1, record 51, French, - Elasmobranche

Record 51,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 52,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The middle one of three cartilages forming the base of the pectoral fin in a cartilaginous fish.  1, record 52, English, - mesopterygium

Record 52,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Chez les poissons cartilagineux (...) on trouve des plaques basales, typiquement au nombre de trois, nommées proptérygium, mésoptérygium et métaptérygium (...). Cet ensemble s'appuie sur la ceinture scapulaire (...)  1, record 52, French, - m%C3%A9sopt%C3%A9rygium

Record 52,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 53,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The posterior and usually largest of the three basal cartilages in the pectoral fins of a cartilaginous fish(...)  1, record 53, English, - metapterygium

Record 53,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Chez les poissons cartilagineux (...) on trouve des plaques basales, typiquement au nombre de trois, nommées proptérygium, mésoptérygium et métaptérygium (...). Cet ensemble s'appuie sur la ceinture scapulaire (...)  1, record 53, French, - m%C3%A9tapt%C3%A9rygium

Record 53,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 54,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 54, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A(...) contribution to the chondrocranium [of Vertebrates] is the cartilaginous "sense capsules" [. Three capsules are present] that house the nasal chambers(...) inner ear [and the eyes]  1, record 54, English, - sense%20capsule

Record 54,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 54, Textual support number: 1 OBS

(...) le "neurocrâne" [est en partie] formé par (...) les "capsules sensorielles" enfermant les organes des sens (capsule olfactive, capsule optique, capsule otique)  1, record 54, French, - capsule%20sensorielle

Record 54,  Textual support,  Spanish