TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[The Financial Crimes Agency] will unite the expertise needed to investigate complex cases of money laundering, organized criminal activity and online financial scams, and to recover illicit proceeds. The Minister of Finance and National Revenue will work with the Ministers of Justice and Public Safety to introduce legislation to [establish] this agency by [the] spring of 2026.  1, record 1, English, - Financial%20Crimes%20Agency

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Financial Crimes Agency: agency announced on October 20, 2025.  2, record 1, English, - Financial%20Crimes%20Agency

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[L'Agence contre les crimes financiers] réunira l'expertise requise pour enquêter sur des cas complexes liés au blanchiment d'argent, au crime organisé et aux fraudes en ligne et les arnaques financières, et [pour] récupérer les produits illicites générés par ces activités. Le ministre des Finances et du Revenu national travaillera avec les ministres de la Justice et de la Sécurité publique pour présenter un projet de loi visant à mettre sur pied cette agence d'ici le printemps 2026.  1, record 1, French, - Agence%20contre%20les%20crimes%20financiers

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Agence contre les crimes financiers : agence annoncée le 20 octobre 2025.  2, record 1, French, - Agence%20contre%20les%20crimes%20financiers

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The stay of a removal order is... used in criminality cases. This means the removal order will be "put on hold" for a while. You will be able to stay in Canada if you respect certain conditions. For example : pledge not to commit new criminal offences; ensure your passport or travel document is valid; report to the Canada Border Services Agency on the specified day.  4, record 2, English, - stay%20of%20execution%20of%20a%20removal%20order

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le sursis d'une mesure de renvoi s'applique dès qu'un agent avise une personne qu'elle est admissible à présenter une demande de protection au titre du paragraphe 112(1) de la LIPR [Loi sur l'immigration et la protection des réfugiés] afin que soient évalués les risques avant renvoi.  5, record 2, French, - sursis%20%C3%A0%20l%27ex%C3%A9cution%20d%27une%20mesure%20de%20renvoi

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Anulación temporal de una orden.  2, record 2, Spanish, - suspensi%C3%B3n%20de%20la%20orden%20de%20expulsi%C3%B3n

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Que el proyecto de ley de inmigración contenga salvaguardias legales en materia de órdenes de expulsión y deportación, estableciendo claramente los fundamentos y el procedimiento de expulsión, el derecho de apelación y el derecho de suspensión de la orden de expulsión o deportación durante la apelación [...]  3, record 2, Spanish, - suspensi%C3%B3n%20de%20la%20orden%20de%20expulsi%C3%B3n

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

En la CIR [Comisión de Inmigración y Refugiados de Canadá], cuando se interpone una apelación contra una orden de expulsión, en lugar de autorizar o desestimar la apelación, la División de Apelación de la Inmigración puede suspender la orden de expulsar a la persona de Canadá. Durante ese tiempo, la persona debe cumplir ciertas condiciones, en particular, presentarse de forma regular en una Oficina de Inmigración.  2, record 2, Spanish, - suspensi%C3%B3n%20de%20la%20orden%20de%20expulsi%C3%B3n

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

suspensión de la orden de expulsión: Terminología en español utilizada por la Comisión de Inmigración y Refugiados de Canadá (CIR).  4, record 2, Spanish, - suspensi%C3%B3n%20de%20la%20orden%20de%20expulsi%C3%B3n

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An attorney appointed by Court to represent an indigent person; most commonly in criminal cases.  2, record 3, English, - court%20appointed%20counsel

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

commis d'office : (d'une personne). Désigné, nommé, investi d'une mission indépendante par une autorité. Ex. avocat commis d'office [...]  1, record 3, French, - avocat%20commis%20d%27office

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

[...] en matière civile ou commerciale [...] on dit plus exactement avocat commis ou désigné.  1, record 3, French, - avocat%20commis%20d%27office

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A public official appointed or elected to represent the state in criminal cases in a particular judicial district.  3, record 4, English, - district%20attorney

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The prosecuting officer of the United States government in each of the federal judicial districts. Under the state governments, the prosecuting officer who represents the state in each of its judicial districts. In some states, where the territory is divided, for judicial purposes, into sections called by some other name than "districts," the same officer is denominated "prosecuting attorney," "county attorney" or "state’s attorney."  4, record 4, English, - district%20attorney

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

district: One of the territorial areas into which an entire state or country, county, municipality or other political subdivision is divided, for judicial, political, electoral, or administrative purposes.  4, record 4, English, - district%20attorney

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Fonctionnaire public qui est affecté à une administration judiciaire locale en tant qu'auxiliaire de la justice dont la mission consiste à agir en tant que procureur représentant les intérêts de cette administration locale auprès des tribunaux en matière criminelle et pénale.  1, record 4, French, - procureur%20du%20district

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Dans un contexte général, «district» pourrait se traduire comme suit : région (pays), quartier (ville), district (d'une région administrative), arrondissement (à Paris), (US, Pol) circonscription électorale (ou administrative).  1, record 4, French, - procureur%20du%20district

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Letrado que tiene como función, en nombre del Estado, velar e impulsar el proceso penal, ostentando la representación y defensa de la legalidad.  1, record 4, Spanish, - abogado%20fiscal

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

fiscal: La Fundación del Español Urgente (Fundéu BBVA), con el asesoramiento de la Real Academia Española, recuerda que los nombres de los cargos se escriben con minúscula inicial ("fiscal general", no "Fiscal General" ni "Fiscal general").  3, record 4, Spanish, - abogado%20fiscal

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Court's focus on individualization in sentencing. Individualized sentencing—examining the individual facts in each case to determine the appropriate sentence—is a well-accepted value in criminal cases.  1, record 5, English, - individualization%20in%20sentencing

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Notre Cour a maintes fois souligné la valeur accordée à l'individualisation de la peine [...] En conséquence, lorsqu'il détermine quelle est la peine juste dans l'espèce dont il est saisi, le juge doit tenir compte des circonstances aggravantes ou atténuantes (al. 718.2a) du Code criminel), ainsi que des facteurs objectifs et subjectifs liés à la situation personnelle du délinquant.  1, record 5, French, - individualisation%20de%20la%20peine

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Sitting. The part of the year in which judicial business is transacted. A session or term of court, usually plural.  5, record 6, English, - sittings%20of%20a%20court

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... a sittings ... shall be held.  6, record 6, English, - sittings%20of%20a%20court

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 CONT

SITTINGS OR SITTING. A sitting of the court for the trial of civil or criminal cases and includes the hearing of a single trial. Jury Act, R. S. B. C., 1979, c. 210, s. 1.  7, record 6, English, - sittings%20of%20a%20court

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Supreme Court of New Brunswick as constituted before July 1, 1966 in respect of the Court of Appeal and Queen's Bench Division, and possessing original and appellate jurisdiction in civil and criminal cases, shall continue under that name to constitute one Supreme Court of Judicature for New Brunswick and shall continue to be a court of record.  2, record 7, English, - original%20jurisdiction

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

órgano de primera instancia: Expresión reproducida del Glosario Provisional de Términos Jurídicos con la autorización de la Oficina de las Naciones Unidas en Ginebra.  3, record 7, Spanish, - %C3%B3rgano%20de%20primera%20instancia

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Supreme Court shall have, hold and exercise exclusive ultimate appellate civil and criminal jurisdiction within and for Canada; and the judgment of the Court is, in all cases, final and conclusive.  1, record 8, English, - final%20and%20conclusive%20judgment

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La Cour suprême possède, détient et exerce, à titre exclusif, la juridiction finale d'appel en matière civile et criminelle à l'intérieur du Canada et pour le Canada; et le jugement de la Cour est, dans tous les cas, définitif et péremptoire.  1, record 8, French, - jugement%20d%C3%A9finitif%20et%20p%C3%A9remptoire

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An attorney appointed by a court or employed by a government agency whose work consists primarily in defending indigent defendants in criminal cases.  2, record 9, English, - public%20defender

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In certain cases, a registered charity or other qualified donee may be listed as a terrorist entity under the Criminal Code by the Minister of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness causing it to no longer qualify for registration.  2, record 10, English, - terrorist%20entity

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans certains cas, un organisme de bienfaisance enregistré ou un autre donataire reconnu peut être inscrit comme entité terroriste en vertu du Code criminel par le ministre de la Sécurité publique et de la Protection civile, ce qui fait en sorte qu'il n'est plus admissible à l'enregistrement.  2, record 10, French, - entit%C3%A9%20terroriste

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

entité terroriste : terme tiré du Mini-lexique Terrorisme et sécurité nationale et reproduit avec l'autorisation du Centre de ressources en français juridique de l'Université de Saint-Boniface.  3, record 10, French, - entit%C3%A9%20terroriste

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

El 29 de mayo de 2003, el Departamento del Tesoro de los Estados Unidos clasificó oficialmente a Al Aqsa como "entidad terrorista" y ofreció todo tipo de detalles sobre la fundación de Rotterdam, considerada como componente de ésta.  1, record 10, Spanish, - entidad%20terrorista

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[The authors] use the term investigative genetic genealogy... to describe the use of SNP-based [single-nucleotide polymorphism] relative matching combined with family tree research to produce investigative leads in criminal investigations and missing persons cases.  5, record 11, English, - investigative%20genetic%20genealogy

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Forensic genetic genealogy ... emerged as a novel investigative tool in 2018 ...  4, record 11, English, - investigative%20genetic%20genealogy

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La généalogie génétique d'enquête permet de comparer l'ADN (acide désoxyribonucléique) anonyme d'une scène de crime aux profils ADN compilés par les sites Internet de généalogie génétique.  3, record 11, French, - g%C3%A9n%C3%A9alogie%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9tique%20d%27enqu%C3%AAte

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

This article reexamines the rationales for and objections to universal jurisdiction, and argues that where public officials perpetrate serious international crimes, the arguments for upholding immunity are weak. In such cases, the arguments for universal criminal jurisdiction as a less invasive form of humanitarian intervention may be compelling. The article contends that the Security Council should withdraw immunity in such cases and that although this would be novel, there is both legal authority and historical precedent to support such action.  1, record 12, English, - withdraw%20immunity

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A Statistics Canada annual survey.  2, record 13, English, - Adult%20Criminal%20Court%20Survey

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The objective of the Adult Criminal Court Survey(ACCS) is to develop and maintain a national adult criminal court database of statistical information on appearances, charges and cases.  3, record 13, English, - Adult%20Criminal%20Court%20Survey

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Enquête annuelle de Statistique Canada.  2, record 13, French, - Enqu%C3%AAte%20sur%20les%20tribunaux%20de%20juridiction%20criminelle%20pour%20adultes

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Le but de l'Enquête sur les tribunaux de juridiction criminelle pour adultes (ETJCA) est de créer et de mettre à jour une base de données nationales sur les tribunaux de juridiction criminelle pour adultes qui renferme des renseignements statistiques sur les audiences, les accusations et les causes.  3, record 13, French, - Enqu%C3%AAte%20sur%20les%20tribunaux%20de%20juridiction%20criminelle%20pour%20adultes

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The objective of the Integrated Criminal Court Survey(ICCS) is to develop and maintain a national database of statistical information on appearances, charges, and cases in youth courts and adult criminal courts.  2, record 14, English, - Integrated%20Criminal%20Court%20Survey

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'Enquête intégrée sur les tribunaux de juridiction criminelle (EITJC) vise à créer et mettre à jour une base de données nationales dans laquelle se trouvent des renseignements statistiques sur les comparutions, les accusations et les causes devant les tribunaux de la jeunesse et les tribunaux de juridiction criminelle pour adultes.  2, record 14, French, - Enqu%C3%AAte%20int%C3%A9gr%C3%A9e%20sur%20les%20tribunaux%20de%20juridiction%20criminelle

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The adversary system defines a mode of dispute resolution in which the competing claims of parties are presented by legal representatives who have interest in the outcomes of dispute, to an impartial third party, with power to impose authorities. In criminal cases, this is often called the accusatorial system.  4, record 15, English, - accusatorial%20system

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

accusatorial: Denoting criminal procedure in which the prosecutor is distinct from the judge and the trial is conducted in public.  3, record 15, English, - accusatorial%20system

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

procédure accusatoire : Procédure pénale appliquée dans les pays anglo-saxons dans laquelle ce sont les parties et non les représentants de la société qui mènent le procès.  2, record 15, French, - syst%C3%A8me%20accusatoire

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Sistema inspirado en el principio de la contradicción. En el sistema penal acusatorio, [...] que es el que siguen los países herederos del "common Law" [...], las conclusiones en cuanto a las responsabilidades penales se alcanzan mediante el proceso de acusación y defensa.  1, record 15, Spanish, - sistema%20acusatorio%20de%20justicia%20penal

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Criminal law is … considered to be part of public law because the commission of a crime is treated as a wrong against society as a whole and it is the Crown that prosecutes criminal cases on behalf of all Canadians...  2, record 16, English, - criminal%20law

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 CONT

In Canada, criminal law is enacted by the Federal Parliament.  3, record 16, English, - criminal%20law

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ensemble des règles du droit pénal qui ont pour objet les crimes et la répression des comportements qui portent atteinte aux valeurs fondamentales de la société.  2, record 16, French, - droit%20criminel

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le Parlement fédéral a une compétence exclusive relativement au droit criminel.  2, record 16, French, - droit%20criminel

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In 2012, the Supreme Court of Canada(SCC) held that the criminal law imposes a duty on a person to disclose HIV positive status before sexual activity that poses a "realistic possibility of transmission" so that the HIV negative sexual partner has the opportunity to choose whether to assume the risk of being infected with HIV. "HIV non-disclosure" is the term used to describe these cases, i. e., criminal cases involving transmission, or exposure to the realistic possibility of transmission, of HIV through sexual activity.  3, record 17, English, - HIV%20non%2Ddisclosure

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En 2012, la Cour suprême du Canada (CSC) a statué que le droit pénal impose une obligation de révéler sa séropositivité avant une activité sexuelle lorsqu'existe une «possibilité réaliste de transmission», afin que le partenaire sexuel séronégatif ait la possibilité de décider d'assumer ou non le risque de contracter le VIH. La «non-divulgation de la séropositivité» est l'expression utilisée dans de tels cas, c.-à-d. les affaires criminelles dans lesquelles il y a transmission du VIH ou exposition à une possibilité réaliste de transmission du VIH dans le cadre d'une activité sexuelle.  2, record 17, French, - non%2Ddivulgation%20du%20VIH

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

non-divulgation du VIH : terme tiré du mini-lexique «Violence faite aux femmes» et reproduit avec l'autorisation du Centre de ressources en français juridique de l'Université de Saint-Boniface.  4, record 17, French, - non%2Ddivulgation%20du%20VIH

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Field of science which applies the principles of biology, chemistry and physics to law and law enforcement [to perform a scientific evaluation of physical evidence in criminal cases. ]  3, record 18, English, - forensic%20science

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Not to be confused with "crime scene investigation." Forensic science work takes place mainly in laboratories, whereas crime scene investigation is at the crime scene.  5, record 18, English, - forensic%20science

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 2 OBS

forensics: Some authors still view this term as a different concept that refers to presenting evidence in the court, not gathering and examining evidence to be admitted in court.  5, record 18, English, - forensic%20science

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] art et science de découvrir, d'analyser et d'identifier les indices matériels des faits [essentiellement, afin de découvrir le fait judiciaire et d'identifier son auteur.]  3, record 18, French, - sciences%20judiciaires

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les sciences judiciaires comprennent divers champs de spécialisation comme la chimie et la toxicologie judiciaire, l'examen de documents suspects, l'analyse d'armes à feu, l'odontologie, la pathologie, la biologie et l'anthropologie judiciaire.  4, record 18, French, - sciences%20judiciaires

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Estudio de los indicios de un hecho criminal con el fin de determinar todos los datos posibles relativos a la víctima o a las circunstancias del crimen e incluye técnicas como la balística, la documentoscopia, la fotografía forense y muchas otras.  2, record 18, Spanish, - criminal%C3%ADstica

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

criminalística: La Fundación del Español Urgente (Fundéu BBVA), con el asesoramiento de la Real Academia Española, indica que "criminología" no es lo mismo que "criminalística". La "criminología" es una ciencia social que estudia de forma teórica las causas y circunstancias de los delitos en general, mientras que la "criminalística" es la investigación pericial de crímenes concretos.  2, record 18, Spanish, - criminal%C3%ADstica

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Judges adjudicate civil and criminal cases and administer justice in courts of law. Judges preside over federal and provincial courts.  1, record 19, English, - Judges

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 OBS

4111: classification system code in the National Occupational Classification.  2, record 19, English, - Judges

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les juges entendent les causes en matière civile ou criminelle et rendent la justice devant les tribunaux. Ils président les tribunaux fédéraux et provinciaux.  1, record 19, French, - Juges

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 OBS

4111 : code du système de classification de la Classification nationale des professions.  2, record 19, French, - Juges

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The term "admission" is usually applied to civil transactions and to those matters of fact in criminal cases which do not involve criminal intent, while the term "confession" is generally restricted to acknowledgements of guilt.(Black's, p. 44)  1, record 20, English, - confession

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Toute déclaration de l'accusé reconnaissant avoir commis l'infraction dont il est accusé.  2, record 20, French, - confession

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

confession : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la Justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  3, record 20, French, - confession

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A docket or calendar of causes ready for trial or argument ... "Trial docket" appears to be used in the United States whereas "court list" is the Canadian term. "Roll for hearing" is used in Quebec.  4, record 21, English, - trial%20docket

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 2 OBS

"Calendar" is used in G. B. for "docket" or "cause-list" in criminal cases only; in the U. S., it is used for both civil and criminal cases.  11, record 21, English, - trial%20docket

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Registre où sont portées, par ordre chronologique, les affaires soumises à un tribunal.  4, record 21, French, - r%C3%B4le

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Durante un período de sesiones.  1, record 21, Spanish, - lista%20de%20causas

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Circuit Courts are where jury trials are held. Circuit Courts generally handle more serious criminal cases and major civil cases. These include juvenile and other family law cases such as divorce, custody and child support.  2, record 22, English, - Circuit%20Court

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Tribunal de première instance en matière civile, créé au Québec en 1849 et aboli en 1952, ses pouvoirs ayant été transférés à la Cour de magistrat. Présidée par un juge de la Cour supérieure, elle avait compétence pour entendre de petites causes et elle exerçait un contrôle judiciaire sur la Cour des commissaires et le Tribunal des juges de paix.  3, record 22, French, - Cour%20de%20circuit

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Broad term to cover the concept in Fr "enfance inadaptée" : covers all situations of childhood and youth, from children without parents to criminal adolescents, including the handicapped, the difficult, pre-delinquents and delinquents. It is applied to all the cases where, on one hand, legislators and the public authorities have to take special measures and, on the other, educators must have recourse to special means.  2, record 23, English, - maladjusted%20youth

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Désigne toutes sortes de situations, allant de l'enfance sans famille jusqu'à l'adolescence criminelle, en passant par les déficients, les difficiles, les pré-délinquants et les délinquants. S'applique à tous les sujets: d'une part, ceux pour lesquels les législateurs et les pouvoirs publics doivent prendre des mesures spéciales et d'autre part, ceux qui nécessitent des mesures éducatives particulières.  1, record 23, French, - enfance%20inadapt%C3%A9e

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In resolving conflicts within the family, between landlords and tenants, businessmen and customers, or management and labour, citizens and police have always been reluctant to use the full force of the criminal law. This absorption of crime by the community, police screening of cases out of the criminal justice system, settling of incidents at the pre-trial level, or using sanctions other than imprisonment are examples of what is commonly referred to as diversion.  3, record 24, English, - diversion

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

When "diversion" is used to refer to such a wide range of functions as indicated above, care is needed in specifying just what type of diversion is under discussion. No one definition of diversion seems capable of comprehending everything done in its name.  3, record 24, English, - diversion

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La police et les citoyens ont toujours hésité à faire appel aux dernières ressources du droit pénal pour résoudre les conflits entre divers membres d'une même famille, entre propriétaires et locataires, vendeurs et clients ou direction et employés. L'appellation "déjudiciarisation" désignera donc les incidents réglés à l'intérieur de la collectivité, les affaires non transmises à la justice par la police, les conciliations intervenues avant le procès, ou l'imposition de peines autres que les peines d'emprisonnement.  2, record 24, French, - d%C3%A9judiciarisation

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On peut juger de ce qui précède que le terme "déjudiciarisation" recouvre un grand nombre de notions différentes et il faudra prendre soin chaque fois de préciser quelle est celle que l'on entend examiner. Il ne semble pas que l'on puisse trouver une définition unique de ce terme, capable d'englober toutes les notions qu'il recouvre.  2, record 24, French, - d%C3%A9judiciarisation

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 2 OBS

La déjudiciarisation de l'arbitrage des griefs, 1996, Les éditions Blais inc., par Rodrique Blouin, 500 pages.  3, record 24, French, - d%C3%A9judiciarisation

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Task Force recommends legislative reform of the character evidence rule in criminal cases in the following respects :(1) character of a complainant in a sexual case;(2) putting an accused's character in issue;(3) proof of other offences pursuant to sections 317 and 318 of the Criminal Code; and(4) character of the victim in offences other than sexual offences.  1, record 25, English, - character%20evidence%20rule

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Other instances are authorized admissions, vicarious admissions, admissions by persons with privity of interest, and admissions by co-conspirators.  1, record 26, English, - admission%20by%20persons%20with%20privity%20of%20interest

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 2 CONT

There does not seem to be any precedent for use of admissions by privies in criminal cases, but if there is, it should be abrogated along with its civil counterparts.  1, record 26, English, - admission%20by%20persons%20with%20privity%20of%20interest

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A jury of inquiry who are summoned and returned by the sheriff to each session of the criminal courts, and whose duty is to receive complaints and accusations in criminal cases, hear the evidence adduced on the part of the state, and find bills of indictment in cases where they are satisfied a trial ought to be had.  2, record 27, English, - grand%20jury

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A grand jury is meant to be part of the system of checks and balances, preventing a case from going to trial on a prosecutor’s bare word. A prosecutor must convince the grand jury, an impartial panel of ordinary citizens, that there exists reasonable suspicion, probable cause, or a prima facie (legally sufficient) case that a crime has been committed.  3, record 27, English, - grand%20jury

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La chambre des mises en accusation était devenue chambre d’accusation (qui est devenu la chambre d’instruction le 15 juin 2000). La phase du jugement correspondait au modèle accusatoire.  2, record 27, French, - grand%20jury

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La Fundación del Español Urgente (Fundéu BBVA), con el asesoramiento de la Real Academia Española, explica que el "grand jury" norteamericano no puede traducirse por el término "jurado" a secas, ya que no es el grupo de personas encargadas de emitir un veredicto. En el sistema judicial estadounidense el "grand jury" tiene competencias para investigar y decide si hay causa suficiente para llevar un caso a juicio. En español pueden emplearse las formas "gran jurado", "jurado de acusación" o "jurado de investigación".  2, record 27, Spanish, - jurado%20de%20acusaci%C3%B3n

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A court's authority to hear a wide range of cases, civil or criminal, that arise within its geographic area.  2, record 28, English, - general%20jurisdiction

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Involving the European Parliament in the decision making process and giving the European Court of Justice general jurisdiction over these policies is vital to respecting democratic values and the rule of law.  3, record 28, English, - general%20jurisdiction

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La participation du Parlement européen au processus décisionnel et l'attribution à la Cour de justice des Communautés européennes d'une juridiction générale pour ces politiques joueraient un rôle primordial dans le respect des valeurs démocratiques et des règles de droit.  2, record 28, French, - juridiction%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... the branch of genetics that, through DNA analysis and comparison, helps to resolve legal problems such as paternity tests, establishing identity in criminal cases where biological evidence is found at crime scenes, inheritance matters, identification of victims of mass disasters, and identification of missing persons from human remains.  4, record 29, English, - forensic%20genetics

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Spécialité médicale qui consiste en] l'application d'analyses génétiques et de techniques de diagnostic moléculaire aux problèmes légaux et à l'expertise criminelle.  2, record 29, French, - g%C3%A9n%C3%A9tique%20m%C3%A9dico%2Dl%C3%A9gale

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A statement of how convincing the evidence must be in order for a party to comply with his/her burden of proof. (Black’s, p. 1094)  1, record 30, English, - standard%20of%20proof

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In criminal cases the charge must be proved beyond reasonable doubt, but there may be degrees within that standard.... So also in civil cases the case must be proved by a preponderance of probability, but there may be degrees of probability within that standard. The degree depends on the subject-matter.(Fed./Prov. Task Force, p. 23; Cross, p. 111)  1, record 30, English, - standard%20of%20proof

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

norme de preuve : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 30, French, - norme%20de%20preuve

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Argument of counsel. Each party shall be allowed such time for argument as the Court shall order. The defendant shall argue first. The plaintiff, or the prosecutor in criminal cases, shall argue last.  3, record 31, English, - argument%20of%20counsel

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La plaidoirie d’avocat s’inspire bien sûr d’une parfaite maîtrise du dossier, mais aussi d’une bonne connaissance des jurys d’assises.  1, record 31, French, - plaidoirie%20d%27avocat

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Legal Professional Privilege. In civil and criminal cases, confidential communications passing between a client and his legal adviser need not be given in evidence by the client and, without the client's consent, may not be given in evidence by the legal adviser in a judicial proceeding if made either-(1) to enable the client to obtain, or the adviser to give, legal advice; or(2) with reference to litigation that is actually taking place or was in the contemplation of the client.... the rationale of... legal professional privilege... is not the protection of confidentiality as such, but the additional fact that legal advice is exclusively concerned "with rights and liabilities enforceable in law, i. e. in the ultimate resort by litigation in the courts or in some administrative tribunal. "(Cross, p. 282-283).  1, record 32, English, - attorney%2Dclient%20privilege

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In law of evidence, client’s privilege [means] to refuse to disclose and to prevent any other person from disclosing confidential communications between he and his attorney.  1, record 32, English, - attorney%2Dclient%20privilege

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

secret professionnel de l'avocat : privilège du secret professionnel de l'avocat : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 32, French, - secret%20professionnel%20de%20l%27avocat

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Adversarial instruments are the logical choice in cases of serious or deliberate criminal conduct, or when resolution of civil or criminal matters on a consent basis is inappropriate.  2, record 33, English, - adversarial%20instrument

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Adversarial instruments include those that involve the Bureau or the Attorney General in contested court or Tribunal proceedings, as well as product seizures under the standards-based acts.  2, record 33, English, - adversarial%20instrument

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les mesures accusatoires demeurent l'instrument logique dans les cas d'infractions criminelles graves ou délibérées, ou lorsque le règlement par consentement d'affaires civiles ou criminelles n'est pas jugé approprié.  2, record 33, French, - mesure%20accusatoire

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les mesures accusatoires comprennent les procédures contestées et les procédures devant les tribunaux qui font intervenir le Bureau ou le Procureur général, ainsi que la saisie de produits en vertu des lois fondées sur les normes.  2, record 33, French, - mesure%20accusatoire

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The use of statistical evidence in a jury trial poses specific problems for the parties and the attorneys. This is so in both civil and criminal cases. The effective communication of statistical evidence can be of critical importance to the jury's impression of the case. Statistical evidence in civil cases might involve business concepts, such as market share in an antitrust dispute or the analysis of the racial or age makeup of the workforce in an employment discrimination case.  2, record 34, English, - statistical%20evidence

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 2 CONT

A prima facie case established through statistical evidence may be rebutted either by evidence which offers a non-discriminatory explanation of the specific situation or by challenging the statistical evidence.  3, record 34, English, - statistical%20evidence

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une preuve prima facie établie au moyen de statistiques pourrait être réfutée soit par une preuve qui offre une explication non discriminatoire d'une situation particulière, soit par la contestation d'une preuve statistique.  2, record 34, French, - preuve%20statistique

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Un contenido exiguo porque [...] ni se reconoce la aplicación del principio de prueba o prueba prima facie o prueba de la verdad interina [...], ni aparece expresamente recogida la prueba estadística a los efectos de la prueba de discriminación indirecta.  1, record 34, Spanish, - prueba%20estad%C3%ADstica

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The term "prosecutorial discretion" refers to the fact that under American law, government prosecuting attorneys have nearly absolute and unreviewable power to choose whether or not to bring criminal charges, and what charges to bring, in cases where the evidence would justify charges.  1, record 35, English, - prosecutorial%20discretion

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le bâtonnier détenait donc un pouvoir de poursuite discrétionnaire devant le conseil de l’ordre, explique un avocat de la place. Discrétionnaire, car les poursuites n’étaient pas automatiques.  1, record 35, French, - pouvoir%20de%20poursuite%20discr%C3%A9tionnaire

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A judicial officer who conducts preliminary criminal hearings and may order that a defendant be released for lack of evidence, sent to jail to await trial, or released on bail.  3, record 36, English, - committing%20magistrate

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Magistrate. A judicial officer with strictly limited jurisdiction and authority, often on the local level and often restricted to criminal cases.  3, record 36, English, - committing%20magistrate

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Magistrat du tribunal de grande instance, désigné par décret pour trois ans, dont la mission est de rechercher, dans le cadre d'une information pénale ouverte à la demande du Parquet ou de la victime, s'il existe contre un inculpé des charges suffisantes pour que celui-ci soit traduit devant une juridiction de jugement [...]  2, record 36, French, - juge%20d%27instruction

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le juge d'instruction est un magistrat enquêteur saisi des affaires pénales les plus complexes. Sa mission est de rassembler tous les éléments d'une infraction afin d'établir les faits et permettre l'éventuel jugement de son auteur.  3, record 36, French, - juge%20d%27instruction

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Il est bon de souligner que le concept «juge d'instruction» existe dans un système inquisitoire comme la France. On ne retrouve pas cette notion au Canada du fait qu'on y adopte un système accusatoire. Au Canada, «instruction» s'entend : phase d'un procès au cours de laquelle les parties font devant le tribunal la preuve de leurs prétentions.  4, record 36, French, - juge%20d%27instruction

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Jurisdicción] Penal. [...] Su actividad se centra exclusivamente en investigar y juzgar los delitos. Durante la fase de investigación (llamada técnicamente “instrucción”) los jueces de esta jurisdicción (“jueces de instrucción”) pueden adoptar graves medidas cautelares como la prisión provisional de las personas, las entradas y registros domiciliarios, intervenciones telefónicas y de comunicaciones, toma de muestras biológicas para la práctica de análisis de ADN, suspensión de actividades de empresas, etc.  1, record 36, Spanish, - juez%20de%20instrucci%C3%B3n

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Such proof as precludes every reasonable hypothesis except that which it tends to support and which is wholly consistent with defendant's guilt and inconsistent with any other rational conclusion... such is the required standard of proof in criminal cases.  3, record 37, English, - proof%20beyond%20a%20reasonable%20doubt

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le degré de preuve nécessaire pour rendre un verdict de culpabilité contre une personne dans une affaire pénale ou criminelle. Il s’agit du plus haut degré de preuve requis en droit. La preuve hors de tout doute raisonnable comporte un caractère très convaincant. Concrètement, elle implique qu'il n'y a plus de doute raisonnable dans l'esprit du juge ou du jury au sujet de la culpabilité de l'accusé. Elle ne correspond toutefois pas à une certitude absolue.  3, record 37, French, - preuve%20hors%20de%20tout%20doute%20raisonnable

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A convention whereby Members refrain from making reference to certain matters, particularly criminal cases, which are before the courts.  2, record 38, English, - sub%20judice%20convention

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The word "convention" is used as no "rule" exists to prevent Parliament from discussing a matter which is sub judice ("under the consideration of a judge or court of record").  3, record 38, English, - sub%20judice%20convention

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 2 OBS

"sub judice" is always italicized  3, record 38, English, - sub%20judice%20convention

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Convention selon laquelle les députés évitent d'évoquer les sujets qui sont en instance devant les tribunaux, en particulier les sujets liés aux affaires pénales.  2, record 38, French, - convention%20relative%20aux%20affaires%20en%20instance%20sub%20judice

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le terme «convention» est employé à dessein, car il n'existe aucune «règle» pour interdire aux parlementaires d'aborder une affaire en instance devant les tribunaux (c'est-à-dire dont un juge ou un tribunal d'archives est saisi).  3, record 38, French, - convention%20relative%20aux%20affaires%20en%20instance%20sub%20judice

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 2 OBS

«sub judice» s'écrit toujours en italique  3, record 38, French, - convention%20relative%20aux%20affaires%20en%20instance%20sub%20judice

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Convención según la cual los diputados evitan evocar ciertos temas en instancia ante los tribunales, en particular temas relacionados con asuntos penales.  1, record 38, Spanish, - convenci%C3%B3n%20relativa%20a%20los%20asuntos%20en%20instancia%20sub%20judice

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La convención relativa a los asuntos en instancia sub judice no se aplica a los proyectos de ley.  1, record 38, Spanish, - convenci%C3%B3n%20relativa%20a%20los%20asuntos%20en%20instancia%20sub%20judice

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The National Committee on Jury Instructions was established by the Canadian Judicial Council in 1999 to prepare jury instructions for use in criminal cases across Canada.  2, record 39, English, - National%20Committee%20on%20Jury%20Instructions

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le Conseil canadien de la magistrature a institué le Comité national sur les directives au jury en 1999 et lui a confié le mandat d'établir des directives au jury pour les procès au criminel dans l'ensemble du Canada.  2, record 39, French, - Comit%C3%A9%20national%20sur%20les%20directives%20au%20jury

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Until now there simply has been no right guaranteed by the Federal Constitution to be free from the use at trial of a voluntary admission made prior to indictment.  2, record 40, English, - voluntary%20admission

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Admission. A voluntary acknowledgment made by a party to a lawsuit or in a criminal prosecution that certain facts that are inconsistent with the party’s claims in the controversy are true.  3, record 40, English, - voluntary%20admission

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 2 OBS

An admission is not the same as a confession. A confession is an acknowledgment of guilt in a criminal case. Admissions usually apply to civil matters; in criminal cases they apply only to matters of fact that do not involve criminal intent.  3, record 40, English, - voluntary%20admission

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La question de savoir si un aveu était volontaire ne se pose que s'il est statué au préalable, qu'il a été fait à une «personne en situation d'autorité».  1, record 40, French, - aveu%20volontaire

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Supreme Court of British Columbia(SCBC) is the superior trial court for the Canadian province of British Columbia. The SCBC hears civil and criminal law cases as well as appeals from the Provincial Court of British Columbia. The court consists of ninety-nine justices and thirteen masters, resident throughout British Columbia.  2, record 41, English, - Supreme%20Court%20of%20British%20Columbia

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Supreme Court of the Yukon Territory(SCYT) is the court of general jurisdiction for the Canadian territory of Yukon. Civil and criminal cases are heard by the court, as well as, appeals from the Yukon Territorial Court, Yukon Small Claims Court and other quasi-judicial boards. Appeals from the court are made to the Court of Appeal of the Yukon Territory.  2, record 42, English, - Supreme%20Court%20of%20Yukon%20Territory

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Unlike these other gangs that engage in a wide variety of criminal offenses, crime in this type of group is narrowly focussed on a few offenses; the group comes to be characterized by the specialty. The Specialty gang tends to be small-usually fifty or fewer members-without any subgroups in most cases(there are exceptions). It probably has a history of less than ten years, but has developed a well-defined territory. Its territory may be either residential or based on the opportunities, for the particular form of crime in which it specializes.  2, record 43, English, - specialty%20gang

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le «gang spécialisé» [...] se distingue des autres groupes par le fait qu'il ne s'engage pas dans une grande variété d'activités criminelles, mais opte plutôt pour un ou seulement quelques types de crime en particulier. Ces gangs sont généralement composés de peu de membres (moins de 50) et sont non répartis en sous-groupes. [...] Ils sont rattachés à un territoire soit parce que les membres du gang y résident, soit parce que c'est l'endroit où ils commettent leur crime de prédilection.  2, record 43, French, - gang%20sp%C3%A9cialis%C3%A9

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 44,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Terrorist and Disruptive Activities(Prevention) Act, commonly known as TADA, was an Indian law active between 1985 and 1995(modified in 1987) for the prevention of terrorist activities in Punjab. It was renewed in 1989, 1991 and 1993 before being allowed to lapse in 1995 due to increasing unpopularity due to widespread allegations of abuse. The drawback was that it didn’t provide a definition of the term "terrorist". The Act does not define the term "terrorist". It presumed that the accused was guilty. It had a conviction rate of less than 1% despite the fact that, under criminal law, a confession before a police officer, even though being given under torture, was admissible as evidence in court. A special court known as TADA court was set up to hear the cases and deliver judgements pertaining to 1993 Bombay bombings.  1, record 44, English, - Terrorist%20and%20Disruptive%20Activities%20%28Prevention%29%20Act

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 45,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Supreme Court of Nova Scotia(including the Family Division) is the highest trial court in the province, with broad authority to try a wide range of civil and serious criminal matters; exclusive authority to hold jury trials, and hear appeals(on summary convictions) from certain criminal trials and from tribunals, to try murder cases(except for Young Offenders), to grant divorce and matrimonial property.  2, record 45, English, - Supreme%20Court%20of%20Nova%20Scotia

Record 45,  Textual support,  French

Record 45,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 46,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Court of Appeal for Ontario is located in historic Osgoode Hall in downtown Toronto. The Court is composed of 22 judges who hear over 1500 civil and criminal appeals each year. These appeals relate to a wide variety of issues including commercial, administrative, family and criminal law matters as well as the principles of sentencing, Charter litigation and the rules of evidence. The Court also hears various young offender proceedings in addition to appeals argued by unrepresented inmates. In ninety-eight percent of cases, the Court of Appeal is the last avenue of appeal for litigants in the province.  1, record 46, English, - Court%20of%20Appeal%20for%20Ontario

Record 46,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La Cour d'appel de l'Ontario est située dans l'édifice historique d'Osgoode Hall, au centre-ville de Toronto. La Cour est composée de 22 juges qui entendent plus de 1 500 appels en matière civile et criminelle chaque année. Ces appels portent sur une variété de domaines, y compris le droit commercial, le droit administratif, le droit de la famille et le droit criminel ainsi que les principes de détermination de la peine, les litiges fondés sur la Charte et les règles de la preuve. La Cour entend aussi diverses instances sur les jeunes contrevenants en plus des appels plaidés par des détenus qui ne sont pas représentés par un avocat. Dans 98% des cas, la Cour d'appel est le dernier recours d'appel pour les justiciables dans la province.  1, record 46, French, - Cour%20d%27appel%20de%20l%27Ontario

Record 46,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 47,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An admission of facts tending to establish guilt.  2, record 47, English, - incriminating%20admission

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Where the sole admission by the defendant is no more than an incriminating admission not amounting to a confession, it is not error to refuse to charge on confessions.  3, record 47, English, - incriminating%20admission

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 OBS

An admission is not the same as a confession. A confession is an acknowledgment of guilt in a criminal case. Admissions usually apply to civil matters; in criminal cases they apply only to matters of fact that do not involve criminal intent.  4, record 47, English, - incriminating%20admission

Record 47,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Lors de cette évaluation, le psychiatre obtient de l'accusé un aveu incriminant (la «déclaration protégée») lorsqu'il lui demande de s'expliquer au sujet de la déclaration extrajudiciaire faite aux policiers.  2, record 47, French, - aveu%20incriminant

Record 47,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 48,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ministry of the Attorney General.  2, record 48, English, - Provincial%20Court%20%28Criminal%20Division%29

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 2 OBS

... presided over by judges appointed by the Lieutenant-Governor-in-Council, renders the final disposition in approximately 95 per cent of all cases, including young offenders 16 and 17 years of age charged with criminal or regulatory offenses, under the Criminal Code of Canada and other federal statutes.  2, record 48, English, - Provincial%20Court%20%28Criminal%20Division%29

Record 48,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ministère du Procureur général.  2, record 48, French, - Cour%20provinciale%20%28Division%20criminelle%29

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 2 OBS

... présidée par des juges nommés par le lieutenant-gouverneur en conseil, rend la décision finale dans environ 95 pour 100 des cas, y compris les cas des jeunes contrevenants de 16 et 17 ans accusés d'infractions criminelles ou d'infractions aux règlements, en vertu du Code criminel du Canada et d'autres lois fédérales.  2, record 48, French, - Cour%20provinciale%20%28Division%20criminelle%29

Record 48,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 49,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Authority granted by legislation and regulations.  4, record 49, English, - legislative%20authority

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

These criminal law provisions have been relied upon to a large extent in tort cases where the defence of legislative authority has been raised. Most of the cases have adopted the view that if there is no criminal responsibility there should be no civil responsibility but that should not necessarily follow.  5, record 49, English, - legislative%20authority

Record 49,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Autorisation conférée par les lois et les règlements.  4, record 49, French, - autorisation%20l%C3%A9gale

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On s'est largement fondé sur ces dispositions criminelles dans les causes en responsabilité délictuelle où le moyen de défense d'autorisation légale a été invoqué. Les tribunaux ont généralement adopté l'attitude que, s'il n'y a pas de responsabilité criminelle, il ne devrait pas y avoir de responsabilité civile. Il ne s'agit pas pourtant d'une conclusion inévitable.  5, record 49, French, - autorisation%20l%C3%A9gale

Record 49,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 50,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Although under our present criminal law, cases of euthanasia... are not prosecuted in a consistent manner because of the potential difficulties in securing a conviction. This may result,... in no charges being laid or in charges ranging from administering a noxious substance to first degree murder.  3, record 50, English, - administering%20a%20noxious%20substance

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The ... case [involved] a nurse injecting potassium into a patient. .... That nurse eventually pleaded guilty to the administration of a noxious substance ...  3, record 50, English, - administering%20a%20noxious%20substance

Record 50,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Administration d'une substance délétère. L'infraction d'administrer une substance délétère requiert la preuve d'une intention spécifique de mettre la vie en danger ou de causer des lésions corporelles.  2, record 50, French, - administration%20d%27une%20substance%20d%C3%A9l%C3%A9t%C3%A8re

Record 50,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 51,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The OMS is a computerized case file management system used by the Correctional Service of Canada, the National Parole Board, and other criminal justice partners to manage information on federal offenders throughout their sentence. The system gathers, stores, and retrieves information required for tracking offenders and for making decisions concerning their cases. Information on provincial offenders applying for parole in provinces without parole boards is also stored in OMS.  3, record 51, English, - Offender%20Management%20System

Record 51,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le Système de gestion des délinquants (SGD) est le système informatisé de gestion des dossiers de cas utilisé par le Service correctionnel du Canada, la Commission nationale des libérations conditionnelles et d'autres partenaires du système de justice pénale pour gérer l'information sur les délinquants fédéraux tout au long de leur peine. Le système permet de recueillir, de stocker et d'extraire les renseignements nécessaires au suivi des délinquants et à la prise de décisions à leur égard. L'information sur les délinquants sous responsabilité provinciale qui demandent une mise en liberté conditionnelle dans les provinces ne disposant pas d'une commission de libération conditionnelle est également saisie dans le SGD.  5, record 51, French, - Syst%C3%A8me%20de%20gestion%20des%20d%C3%A9linquants

Record 51,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 52,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Youth Division hears all cases involving a minor and hears any request concerning the safety or development of children(0-18 years) under the Youth Protection Act. It also hears adoption cases in keeping with the provisions of the Civil Code of Québec. In criminal and penal matters, the Youth Division applies the Youth Criminal Justice Act. It hears cases, in first instance, where individuals between the ages of 12 and 18 are accused of offences against the Criminal Code(including murder), a federal or provincial statute or a municipal by-law.  3, record 52, English, - Youth%20Division

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 2 OBS

"... Over the years, numerous changes occurred in the structure of Québec courts to keep up with changing social realities. ... The first court for children in Québec was instituted in 1910. It became the Juvenile Court in 1932 and the Social Welfare Court in 1950, and was replaced by the Youth Court in 1977 ... The creation of the Court (Court of Québec) did not, however, substantially modify the pre-unification jurisdictions of ... the Youth Court ... that became, ... the Youth Division ..."  2, record 52, English, - Youth%20Division