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Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A matter, cause or action, whether civil or criminal, before the court.  3, record 1, English, - proceeding

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

"Proceeding" is a word much used to express the business done in courts. A proceeding in court is an act done by the authority or direction of the court, express or implied. It is more comprehensive than the word "action," but it may include in its general sense all steps taken or measures adopted in the prosecution or defense of an action, including the pleadings and judgment.  4, record 1, English, - proceeding

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

proceeding; proceedings: In reference to the business done by tribunals of all kinds, "the proceeding" and "the proceedings" are interchangeable.  5, record 1, English, - proceeding

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 PHR

to adjourn a proceeding, to suspend a proceeding  6, record 1, English, - proceeding

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 PHR

adjournment of a proceeding, adjournment of proceedings  6, record 1, English, - proceeding

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

procédure; procédures : Le terme «procédure» s'emploie habituellement au singulier, […] comme terme collectif pour désigner l'ensemble des actes de procédure déposés par les parties dans un procès […]  4, record 1, French, - proc%C3%A9dure

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 PHR

ajourner une procédure, suspendre une procédure  5, record 1, French, - proc%C3%A9dure

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 PHR

ajournement d'une procédure, ajournement d'une instance  5, record 1, French, - proc%C3%A9dure

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cybercrime is a fast-growing area of crime. More and more criminals are exploiting the speed, convenience and anonymity of the Internet to commit a diverse range of criminal activities that know no borders, either physical or virtual, cause serious harm and pose very real threats to victims worldwide.  3, record 2, English, - cybercrime

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

cybercrime: Although many sources list computer crime as a synonym of cybercrime, the two terms are not synonymous. Cybercrime requires a connection to a network, while computer crime can be committed offline.  4, record 2, English, - cybercrime

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ensemble des délits et des actes criminels commis par l'intermédiaire des réseaux informatiques.  5, record 2, French, - cybercriminalit%C3%A9

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

cybercriminalité; cyberdélinquance : Bien que certains auteurs utilisent criminalité informatique et délinquance informatique comme synonymes de cybercriminalité, il existe une différence entre les notions. La cybercriminalité ou la cyberdélinquance prend nécessairement une connexion à un réseau, tandis que la criminalité informatique ou la délinquance informatique peut se produire hors ligne.  6, record 2, French, - cybercriminalit%C3%A9

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

El elemento compositivo ciber– significa "cibernético" [...] En el Diccionario de neologismos en línea están: "ciberataque"; "cibercafé"; "cibercrimen"; "ciberdelincuencia"; "ciberdelito" [...]  1, record 2, Spanish, - ciberdelincuencia

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In the style of cause of a criminal proceeding, when the prosecution side is abbreviated "R. "(or "R"), the abbreviation refers to "Regina" during the reign of a Queen, or to "Rex" during the reign of a King.  6, record 3, English, - Regina

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Dans l'intitulé de cause d'une procédure criminelle, lorsque la poursuite est désignée par l'abréviation «R.» (ou «R»), cela fait référence à «Regina» sous le règne d'une reine ou à «Rex» sous le règne d'un roi.  2, record 3, French, - Regina

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Under the Criminal Code provisions governing the language of the accused, provinces and territories have an obligation to establish criminal courts that are "institutionally bilingual. "The Supreme Court of Canada leaves no doubt as to the degree of bilingualism required : there must be true equality of English and French, without regard to any administrative inconvenience this may cause.  2, record 4, English, - institutionally%20bilingual

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les dispositions du Code criminel sur la langue de l'accusé entraînent une obligation pour les provinces et territoires de mettre sur pied des tribunaux de juridiction criminelle qui sont «institutionnellement bilingues». La Cour suprême du Canada ne laisse planer aucun doute sur le niveau de bilinguisme requis : il s'agit d'une égalité réelle du français et de l'anglais, que celle-ci entraîne ou non des problèmes d'ordre administratif.  2, record 4, French, - institutionnellement%20bilingue

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

To cause bodily harm by criminal negligence.  1, record 5, English, - cause%20bodily%20harm

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

causer des lésions corporelles; causer une blessure : termes tirés du Mini-lexique des infractions contre la personne et reproduits avec l'autorisation du Centre de ressources en français juridique de l'Université de Saint-Boniface.  2, record 5, French, - causer%20des%20l%C3%A9sions%20corporelles

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

It is an elementary rule that no action may be filed on a contract which has no more force and effect. There can be no cause of action upon an inexistent contract. No criminal or civil liability may arise from an extinguished contract such as Exhibit "A".  2, record 6, English, - extinguished%20contract

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The tort of initiating a criminal process by making a charge against a person before a judicial officer or tribunal, not only unjustifiably but maliciously and without reasonable or probable cause, resulting in actual damage to the complainer, save where the charge endangers his reputation or person, when damage is implied.  2, record 7, English, - malicious%20prosecution

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

poursuite malveillante : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 7, French, - poursuite%20malveillante

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

On rencontre aussi «poursuite abusive».  3, record 7, French, - poursuite%20malveillante

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A forensic epidemiologist uses public health methods in a potential criminal investigation... [and] works closely with law enforcement investigators to determine the cause of a public health emergency, such as an anthrax outbreak, and to help law enforcement determine whether there was criminal intent behind the emergency.  2, record 8, English, - forensic%20epidemiologist

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The first branch of res judicata is sometimes called cause of action estoppel in the civil context, or double jeopardy in the criminal context. An argument on this basis asserts that the cause of action in a current proceeding is the same as the cause of action in a proceeding previously litigated, with the result that the current action should not proceed. In criminal law, the double jeopardy principle finds expression in the pleas of autrefois acquit and autrefois convict.  1, record 9, English, - cause%20of%20action%20estoppel

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le premier volet du principe de la chose jugée est parfois appelé préclusion fondée sur la cause d’action en contexte civil, ou protection contre le double péril en contexte criminel. Lorsqu’on invoque cette préclusion dans une instance donnée, on fait valoir qu’une action donnée ne devrait pas aller de l’avant parce qu’elle repose sur une cause identique à celle d’une instance antérieure. En droit pénal, le principe de protection contre le double péril prend la forme des plaidoyers d’autrefois acquit et d’autrefois convict.  1, record 9, French, - pr%C3%A9clusion%20fond%C3%A9e%20sur%20la%20cause%20d%27action

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An autopsy carried out when the cause of death may be a criminal matter.  2, record 10, English, - forensic%20autopsy

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

forensic autopsy: Not to be confused with "medico-legal autopsy," which means that medical science is applied for legal purposes. A forensic autopsy is a medico-legal autopsy required by a court.  3, record 10, English, - forensic%20autopsy

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

S'il s'agit d'une autopsie médicale, le médecin est tenu de s'assurer de la «meilleure restauration possible du corps» avant restitution; s'il s'agit d'une autopsie judiciaire, aucune disposition légale relative à la restauration et à la restitution du corps n'est en revanche prévue.  2, record 10, French, - autopsie%20judiciaire

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[...] pratiquée par un médecin ayant prêté serment, en général spécialiste de médecine légale. La réquisition est faite en cas de mort consécutive à des violences, à un crime [...]  3, record 10, French, - autopsie%20judiciaire

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 OBS

autopsie judiciaire : Ne pas confondre avec «autopsie médico-légale». En effet, l’adjectif «médico-légal» désigne les domaines de spécialisation concernés (médical et légal) tandis que «judiciaire» indique que l’autopsie est demandée par la justice, dans un cas de mort brutale ou suspecte, sans accord de la famille, les conclusions étant remises aux seules autorités judiciaires.  4, record 10, French, - autopsie%20judiciaire

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... trespassory harm was prima facie wrongful and it was for the defendant to raise any issue of justification or excuse, such as self-defence or unavoidable necessity.  2, record 11, English, - self%2Ddefence

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

self-defence :[The criminal code at section 34(1) mentioned :] Every one who is unlawfully assaulted without having provoked the assault is justified in repelling force by force if the force he uses is not intended to cause death or grievous bodily harm and is no more than is necessary to enable him to defend himself.  3, record 11, English, - self%2Ddefence

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Droit de riposter par la violence à une infraction actuelle, injuste, dirigée contre soi-même ou autrui.  2, record 11, French, - l%C3%A9gitime%20d%C3%A9fense

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

légitime défense : [Le Code criminel à l'article 34(1) mentionne ce qui suit] : Toute personne illégalement attaquée sans provocation de sa part est fondée à employer la force qui est nécessaire pour repousser l'attaque si, en ce faisant, elle n'a pas l'intention de causer la mort ni des lésions corporelles graves.  3, record 11, French, - l%C3%A9gitime%20d%C3%A9fense

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 OBS

légitime défense : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  4, record 11, French, - l%C3%A9gitime%20d%C3%A9fense

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The examination of a cause, civil or criminal, before a judge who has jurisdiction over it, according to the laws of the land.  2, record 12, English, - trial

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Étape de l'instance au cours de laquelle le juge recueille la preuve et rend sa décision.  3, record 12, French, - proc%C3%A8s

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

procès; instruction : termes recommandés par le Comité d'uniformisation des règles de procédure civile dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  4, record 12, French, - proc%C3%A8s

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

proceso civil, criminal, contencioso-administrativo, etc.  1, record 12, Spanish, - proceso

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 OBS

juicio: Término reproducido del Glosario Provisional de Términos Jurídicos con la autorización de la Oficina de las Naciones Unidas en Ginebra.  3, record 12, Spanish, - proceso

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

For the purposes of this Convention, torture shall be understood to be any act intentionally informed whereby physical or mental pain or suffering is inflicted on a person for purposes of criminal investigation, as a means of intimidation, as personal punishment, as a preventive measure, as a penalty, or for any other purpose. Torture shall also be understood to be the use of methods upon a person intended to obliterate the personality of the victim or to diminish his physical or mental capacities, even if they do not cause physical pain or mental anguish.  1, record 13, English, - Inter%2DAmerican%20Convention%20to%20Prevent%20and%20Punish%20Torture

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Aux effets de la présente Convention, on entend par torture tout acte par lequel sont infligées intentionnellement à une personne des peines ou souffrance, physiques ou mentales, aux fin d'enquêtes au criminel ou à toute autre fin, à titre de moyen d'intimidation, de châtiment personnel, de mesure préventive ou de peine. On entend également par torture l'application à toute personne de méthodes visant à annuler la personnalité de la victime ou à diminuer sa capacité physique ou mentale même si ces méthodes et procédés ne causent aucune douleur physique ou angoisse psychique.  1, record 13, French, - Convention%20interam%C3%A9ricaine%20pour%20la%20pr%C3%A9vention%20et%20la%20r%C3%A9pression%20de%20la%20torture

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A person commits aggravated criminal extortion, if in addition to the acts described in subsection(1) of this section, the person threatens to cause the results described in paragrapgh(a) of subsection(1) of this section by means of chemical, biological, or harmful radioactive agents, weapons, or poison.  1, record 14, English, - criminal%20extortion

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Des inculpations ont été requises dans 59 cas, au motif d'arrestation arbitraire, de violation de la dignité humaine ou encore d'extorsion criminelle d'aveux, notamment.  1, record 14, French, - extorsion%20criminelle

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Every one is under a legal duty (a) as a parent, foster parent, guardian or head of a family, to provide necessaries of life for a child under the age of sixteen years; (b) to provide necessaries of life to their spouse or common-law partner; and (c) to provide necessaries of life to a person under his charge if that person (i) is unable, by reason of detention, age, illness, mental disorder or other cause, to withdraw himself from that charge, and (ii) is unable to provide himself with necessaries of life.  2, record 15, English, - duty%20to%20provide%20the%20necessaries%20of%20life

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Neglect might be a contravention of the Criminal Code section that imposes a duty to provide the necessities of life to a person under one's charge if that person is unable by virtue of age, illness or any other cause to care for him or herself.  4, record 15, English, - duty%20to%20provide%20the%20necessaries%20of%20life

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Parents have a legal duty to provide necessities of life to their child under the age of 16 years.  5, record 15, English, - duty%20to%20provide%20the%20necessaries%20of%20life

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 4 CONT

An example of a legal duty that might lead to a charge of criminal negligence would be the duty to provide the necessaries of life imposed by the Criminal Code.  6, record 15, English, - duty%20to%20provide%20the%20necessaries%20of%20life

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'article 215 [du Code criminel] impose aux parents ou aux gardiens l'obligation de fournir les choses nécessaires à l'existence des enfants de moins de 16 ans.  4, record 15, French, - obligation%20de%20fournir%20les%20choses%20n%C3%A9cessaires%20%C3%A0%20l%27existence

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La jurisprudence a interprété [l'article 215 du Code criminel] comme susceptible de s'appliquer à la situation où un membre du personnel médical néglige ou refuse de fournir des soins médicaux à une personne, à condition que toutes les autres conditions de l'infraction soient également remplie, notamment que cette personne soit inapte à prendre soin d'elle-même. Le médecin qui négligerait d'administrer un traitement à une personne inconsciente pourrait donc, dans certaines circonstances, être passible de poursuites [...]  3, record 15, French, - obligation%20de%20fournir%20les%20choses%20n%C3%A9cessaires%20%C3%A0%20l%27existence

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Failure to Perform Duty to Provide Necessaries. Failure to provide necessaries when there is a duty to do so, may constitute an offence in the absence of lawful excuse. The Criminal Code establishes the duty of parents and guardians to supply necessaries to children under sixteen, of married persons to supply necessaries to spouses, and of all persons having others under their charge to supply necessaries to those unable to withdraw from their charge because of detention, age, illness, insanity, or other cause and unable to provide themselves with necessaries.  6, record 16, English, - failure%20to%20perform%20duty%20to%20provide%20necessaries

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Breach of duty to provide necessaries of life ... can be intentional or passive and is characterized by withholding items or care necessary for daily living.  3, record 16, English, - failure%20to%20perform%20duty%20to%20provide%20necessaries

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le sous-alinéa 215(2) a) (ii) [du Code criminel] fait de l'omission de remplir l'obligation de fournir les choses nécessaires à l'existence une infraction lorsque «l'omission de remplir l'obligation met en danger la vie de la personne envers laquelle cette obligation doit être remplie, ou expose, ou est de nature à exposer, à un péril permanent la santé de cette personne».  1, record 16, French, - omission%20de%20remplir%20l%27obligation%20de%20fournir%20les%20choses%20n%C3%A9cessaires%20%C3%A0%20l%27existence

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In cases of criminal prosecution reasonable or probable cause exists where there are reasonable grounds for suspicion or belief that an offense was committed, and there are circumstances, sufficiently strong in themselves, to warrant an ordinarily cautious person to believe that the accused committed it. However, conjecture or unfounded suspicion do not constitute reasonable or probable cause.  2, record 17, English, - unfounded%20suspicion

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

soupçons mal fondés : terme habituellement utilisé au pluriel dans ce contexte.  2, record 17, French, - soup%C3%A7ons%20mal%20fond%C3%A9s

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

To cause to become criminal; to declare... an activity to be criminal.  2, record 18, English, - criminalize

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Décider qu'un acte, jusqu'alors considéré comme n'étant pas une infraction ou comme ne constituant qu'un délit, constitue désormais un crime.  3, record 18, French, - criminaliser

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish