TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The conduct of legal proceedings according to established principles and rules which safeguard the position of the individual charged.  4, record 1, English, - due%20process%20of%20law

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The concept of due process is rooted in English common law and expressed in "Magna Carta", Art. 39 (1215), whereby the King promised that ’No freeman shall be taken or imprisoned or disseised or exiled or in any way destroyed ... except by the legal judgment of his peers or by the law of the land’. This was later interpreted to require trial by jury.  4, record 1, English, - due%20process%20of%20law

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 CONT

"Due process" is an imprecise and elastic term, the meaning of which varies with time and place. Basically, it suggests fundamental fairness and tries to apply that concept to all parts of the criminal process. The breadth of the concept depends upon the subjective view of the American courts, particularly the United States Supreme Court. In the last twenty years "due process" has included protections against self-incrimination, coerced confessions, illegal searches, denial of counsel or jury trial and unregulated eavesdropping. In the American system a judicial finding that law enforcement officials have offended due process will result in a complete exclusion of the impugned evidence and will usually result in the acquittal of the accused.  5, record 1, English, - due%20process%20of%20law

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Notion corollaire à celle de la primauté du droit, «q.v.», à savoir que les gouvernements sont tenus de respecter les droits fondamentaux des citoyens et les principes de justice naturelle dans l'application du droit, à défaut de quoi une décision administrative pourra se voir annulée par un tribunal à la demande du citoyen concerné. Les principes de justice naturelle en question sont : (1) le droit du citoyen d'être entendu et, (2) l'obligation pour le tribunal ou l'autorité compétente d'être impartiale, ce qui implique notamment la prohibition de toute forme de discrimination et l'égalité de traitement de tous.  4, record 1, French, - application%20r%C3%A9guli%C3%A8re%20de%20la%20loi

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

debido procedimiento legal: reproducido del Glosario Provisional de Términos Jurídicos con la autorización de la Oficina de las Naciones Unidas en Ginebra.  3, record 1, Spanish, - debido%20procedimiento%20legal

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Propensity evidence can generally be defined as "uncharged misconduct evidence. "It is essentially evidence, other than that which forms the subject matter of a charge, that reflects on a disposition of an accused to commit a criminal offence.  1, record 2, English, - evidence%20of%20propensity

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La raison de politique générale justifiant l'exclusion de la preuve de propension ou de prédisposition est la suivante : bien que, dans certains cas, elle puisse être pertinente, la propension inférée de faits similaires peut aussi retenir indûment l'attention du juge des faits. Elle risque sérieusement de causer un préjudice, de détourner l'attention du jury et d'entraîner un délai excessif, et ces inconvénients l'emportent presque toujours sur sa valeur probante. En général, la propension de l'accusé ne devrait pas faire partie de la preuve qui pèse contre lui.  1, record 2, French, - preuve%20de%20propension

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Police photographers play a crucial role in criminal investigations. The photographs they take at crime scenes create a permanent record of the scene and the evidence found there, which both detectives and prosecutors rely on.  1, record 3, English, - police%20photographer

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The appellant also submits that the records should be disclosed because they have been adduced as evidence in a public court and there is a public interest relating to the adducing of evidence in court, particularly information that has previously been adduced in criminal proceedings.  2, record 4, English, - adducing%20of%20evidence

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... rebuttable presumption of law means a presumption authorized by the National Defence Act, the Criminal Code or other Act of the Parliament of Canada that upon proof of a certain fact or set of facts, another fact exists, unless evidence to the degree required by law renders its existence unlikely...  1, record 7, English, - rebuttable%20presumption%20of%20law

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] présomption réfutable de droit signifie une présomption autorisée par la Loi sur la défense nationale, le Code criminel ou toute autre loi du Parlement du Canada, à l'effet que, sur preuve d'un certain fait ou d'une série de faits, un autre fait existe, à moins qu'une preuve du degré requis par la loi ne rende son existence invraisemblable [...]  1, record 7, French, - pr%C3%A9somption%20r%C3%A9futable%20de%20droit

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Branch of public law the purpose of which is the repression, through the imposition of penalties, of behaviour inimical to the social order.  3, record 8, English, - criminal%20law

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Criminal law, in its widest sense, includes substantive criminal law, the operation of penal institutions, criminal procedure and evidence, and police investigations...  4, record 8, English, - criminal%20law

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Penal law may be either federal or provincial.  3, record 8, English, - criminal%20law

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ensemble des règles de droit public qui ont pour objet les peines et la répression des crimes et des infractions.  2, record 8, French, - droit%20p%C3%A9nal

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Protecting Canadians from Online Crime Act: short title.  3, record 9, English, - Protecting%20Canadians%20from%20Online%20Crime%20Act

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

An Act to amend the Criminal Code, the Canada Evidence Act, the Competition Act and the Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters Act : long title.  3, record 9, English, - Protecting%20Canadians%20from%20Online%20Crime%20Act

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Loi sur la protection des Canadiens contre la cybercriminalité : titre abrégé.  3, record 9, French, - Loi%20sur%20la%20protection%20des%20Canadiens%20contre%20la%20cybercriminalit%C3%A9

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Loi modifiant le Code criminel, la Loi sur la preuve au Canada, la Loi sur la concurrence et la Loi sur l'entraide juridique en matière criminelle : titre intégral.  3, record 9, French, - Loi%20sur%20la%20protection%20des%20Canadiens%20contre%20la%20cybercriminalit%C3%A9

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Loi sur la protection des Canadiens contre la cybercriminalité : titre de loi tiré du mini-lexique «Violence faite aux femmes» et reproduit avec l'autorisation du Centre de ressources en français juridique de l'Université de Saint-Boniface.  3, record 9, French, - Loi%20sur%20la%20protection%20des%20Canadiens%20contre%20la%20cybercriminalit%C3%A9

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Field of science which applies the principles of biology, chemistry and physics to law and law enforcement [to perform a scientific evaluation of physical evidence in criminal cases. ]  3, record 10, English, - forensic%20science

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Not to be confused with "crime scene investigation." Forensic science work takes place mainly in laboratories, whereas crime scene investigation is at the crime scene.  5, record 10, English, - forensic%20science

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 OBS

forensics: Some authors still view this term as a different concept that refers to presenting evidence in the court, not gathering and examining evidence to be admitted in court.  5, record 10, English, - forensic%20science

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] art et science de découvrir, d'analyser et d'identifier les indices matériels des faits [essentiellement, afin de découvrir le fait judiciaire et d'identifier son auteur.]  3, record 10, French, - sciences%20judiciaires

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les sciences judiciaires comprennent divers champs de spécialisation comme la chimie et la toxicologie judiciaire, l'examen de documents suspects, l'analyse d'armes à feu, l'odontologie, la pathologie, la biologie et l'anthropologie judiciaire.  4, record 10, French, - sciences%20judiciaires

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Estudio de los indicios de un hecho criminal con el fin de determinar todos los datos posibles relativos a la víctima o a las circunstancias del crimen e incluye técnicas como la balística, la documentoscopia, la fotografía forense y muchas otras.  2, record 10, Spanish, - criminal%C3%ADstica

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

criminalística: La Fundación del Español Urgente (Fundéu BBVA), con el asesoramiento de la Real Academia Española, indica que "criminología" no es lo mismo que "criminalística". La "criminología" es una ciencia social que estudia de forma teórica las causas y circunstancias de los delitos en general, mientras que la "criminalística" es la investigación pericial de crímenes concretos.  2, record 10, Spanish, - criminal%C3%ADstica

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Law French for "man and wife" or "husband and wife".  3, record 11, English, - baron%20and%20feme

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Baron and Feme : In English law, a phrase used for husband and wife, in relation to each other, who are accounted as one person. Hence, by the old law of evidence, the one party was excluded from giving evidence for or against the other in civil questions, and a relic of this is still preserved in the criminal law.  4, record 11, English, - baron%20and%20feme

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Examining the marital relationship as it existed under the feudal system, it appears that husband and wife occupied respectively the positions of lord and vassal[,] more familiarly described in the language of the time as "baron and feme".  5, record 11, English, - baron%20and%20feme

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

feme: (of "feme," French "femme", woman, wife.) Law. (Chiefly conjoined with baron.) Wife. (The technical spelling is feme; but in non-professional use the mod. F. form has often been adopted.)  6, record 11, English, - baron%20and%20feme

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Désigne la notion de common law évoquant l'unicité du couple sous l'autorité du mari.  2, record 11, French, - baron%20et%20femme

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le 5 février 1664, a été passée une quittance générale par Antoine des ARCIS, demeurant en son château de Publézy, paroisse de Meyras, acquittant Claude de CHANALEILLES, baron des Eperviers, de 5000 livres pour les droits légitimaires de feue Catherine de CHANALEILLES, sœur dudit baron et femme dudit Antoine.  3, record 11, French, - baron%20et%20femme

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Any] process in which electronic data is sought, located, secured, and searched with the intent of using it as evidence in a civil or criminal legal case.  1, record 12, English, - electronic%20discovery

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

E-discovery can be carried out offline on a particular computer or it can be done in a network. Court-ordered or government sanctioned hacking for the purpose of obtaining critical evidence is also a type of e-discovery.  1, record 12, English, - electronic%20discovery

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Processus par lequel des informations ou documents électroniques sont recherchés, identifiés et rassemblés pour la production d'éléments de preuve.  1, record 12, French, - investigation%20informatique

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le mot «découverte» est impropre en ce sens.  1, record 12, French, - investigation%20informatique

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 OBS

investigation informatique : terme et définition publiés au Journal officiel de la République française le 15 août 2010.  2, record 12, French, - investigation%20informatique

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The NSCI Program aims to reduce the threat of terrorist criminal activity in Canada and abroad by preventing, detecting, investigating, and gathering evidence to support the prosecution of those involved in national security-related criminal acts.  1, record 13, English, - National%20Security%20Criminal%20Investigations%20Program

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Royal Canadian Mounted Police.  2, record 13, English, - National%20Security%20Criminal%20Investigations%20Program

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le Programme des ECSN vise à réduire la menace d'activités terroristes criminelles au pays et à l'étranger par la prévention, la détection et la perturbation d'actes terroristes, par l'enquête sur de tels actes et par la collecte de renseignements pour la poursuite en justice des personnes impliquées dans ces actes.  1, record 13, French, - Programme%20des%20enqu%C3%AAtes%20criminelles%20relatives%20%C3%A0%20la%20s%C3%A9curit%C3%A9%20nationale

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Gendarmerie royale du Canada.  2, record 13, French, - Programme%20des%20enqu%C3%AAtes%20criminelles%20relatives%20%C3%A0%20la%20s%C3%A9curit%C3%A9%20nationale

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The banding pattern on a Southern blot of an individual’s genomic DNA that has been cleaved with a restriction enzyme(s) and hybridized to an appropriate nucleic acid probe(s).  6, record 14, English, - genetic%20fingerprint

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In the criminal justice context, "DNA profile" refers to a numerical representation of 13 specific points(loci) on a person's [DNA] that allows law enforcement to compare evidence from a crime scene to other crime scenes or to known individuals, just as a fingerprint does.  5, record 14, English, - genetic%20fingerprint

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Assortiment d'allèles mis en évidence dans l'ADN génomique grâce à des sondes explorant simultanément plusieurs locus très polymorphes, caractérisant le génotype de chaque individu ou cellule.  5, record 14, French, - empreinte%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9tique

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les empreintes génétiques sont utilisées en médecine légale pour identifier ou innocenter des suspects grâce à leur sang, leur salive, leurs poils ou leur sperme.  6, record 14, French, - empreinte%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9tique

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La huella genética ó perfil genético es el estudio genético de la combinación de marcadores autosómicos que nos identifica como individuos únicos. Gracias al desarrollo de la genética molecular aplicada a la biología forense, disponemos de un sistema de identificación personal de una fiabilidad absoluta, capaz de discriminar a una persona entre 3.000 trillones.  1, record 14, Spanish, - huella%20gen%C3%A9tica

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Goal of Criminal Investigation. A basic objective in the investigation of a crime is the conviction of the perpetrator. [The police] must identify and arrest the perpetrator and discover witnesses and assemble physical evidence capable of substantiating the appropriate charge in court.  1, record 17, English, - criminal%20investigation

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'enquête criminelle, qui commence au moment où un crime est signalé à la police et qui se termine à la condamnation du coupable, peut être partagée en 3 étapes: l'examen des lieux du crime; la recherche du malfaiteur; la preuve présentée devant la Cour.  2, record 17, French, - enqu%C3%AAte%20criminelle

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Criminalistics and criminal science... This instructional program class comprises any program that focuses on the application of clinical and criminal laboratory science, investigative techniques, and criminology to the reconstruction of crimes and the analysis of physical evidence.  1, record 18, English, - criminal%20science

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Criminalistique et science criminelle [...] Cette classe de programmes d'enseignement comprend tout programme portant sur l'application des sciences de laboratoire clinique et criminelle, des techniques d'enquête et de la criminologie à la reconstitution de crimes et à l'analyse d'indices matériels.  1, record 18, French, - science%20criminelle

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In a criminal proceeding, the court is not required to give the trier of fact any special direction or instruction on the burden of proof in relation to circumstantial evidence.  1, record 19, English, - burden%20of%20proof%20in%20relation%20to%20circumstantial%20evidence

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En matière criminelle, le tribunal n'est pas tenu d'adresser des directives au jury relativement au fardeau de la preuve circonstancielle.  2, record 19, French, - fardeau%20de%20la%20preuve%20circonstancielle

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Task Force recommends legislative reform of the character evidence rule in criminal cases in the following respects :(1) character of a complainant in a sexual case;(2) putting an accused's character in issue;(3) proof of other offences pursuant to sections 317 and 318 of the Criminal Code; and(4) character of the victim in offences other than sexual offences.  1, record 20, English, - character%20evidence%20rule

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Privileges created by the Evidence Act 1853, s. 3, and the Criminal Evidence Act 1898, s. 1(d) whereby, during the marriage, one spouse could not be compelled to disclose communications made to him or her by the other... whereby a spouse is competent but not compellable, to give evidence relating to sexual intercourse. These privileges relate only to criminal proceedings.  2, record 21, English, - marital%20privilege

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In a criminal proceeding, a presumption that operates against the accused may, subject to subsection 11(2), be rebutted by evidence sufficient to raise a reasonable doubt as to the existence of the presumed fact.  1, record 22, English, - operate%20against%20the%20accused

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En matière criminelle, toute présomption jouant contre l'accusé peut, sous réserve du fardeau de persuasion concernant la question d'aliénation mentale visé à l'article 11, être repoussée par une preuve qui soulève un doute raisonnable quant à l'existence du fait présumé.  2, record 22, French, - jouer%20contre%20l%27accus%C3%A9

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

This... introductory course in bloodstain pattern recognition [gives participants] the opportunity to develop the knowledge and skills they require to recognise, measure and record bloodstain patterns, as well as appreciate the significance of bloodstain evidence in investigations of death or injury through criminal, accidental, intentional or natural causes.  1, record 23, English, - Basic%20Bloodstain%20Pattern%20Recognition

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 2 OBS

BBPRC: a Canadian Police College course code.  2, record 23, English, - Basic%20Bloodstain%20Pattern%20Recognition

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Dans ce] cours d'initiation à la morphologie des traces de sang, [les] participants acquièrent les connaissances et les compétences nécessaires pour reconnaître, mesurer et consigner la morphologie des traces de sang et déterminer son importance dans le cadre d'enquêtes relatives à des décès ou à des blessures d'origine criminelle ou accidentelle, ou de causes intentionnelle ou naturelle.  1, record 23, French, - Initiation%20%C3%A0%20la%20morphologie%20des%20traces%20de%20sang

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 2 OBS

BBPRC : code de cours du Collège canadien de police.  2, record 23, French, - Initiation%20%C3%A0%20la%20morphologie%20des%20traces%20de%20sang

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[The Cyber Crime Analysis Team coordinates] national level response to "pure" computer crimes, addresses international assistance requests, [develops and participates] in cyber exercises and conducts open source evidence collection in support of criminal investigations including critical infrastructure information protection.  1, record 24, English, - Cyber%20Crime%20Analysis%20Team

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Part of the Technological Crime Branch at the Royal Canadian Mounted Police.  2, record 24, English, - Cyber%20Crime%20Analysis%20Team

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[L'Équipe d'analyse de la cybercriminalité coordonne] les interventions d'envergure nationale liées aux délits informatiques purs; [répond] aux demandes d'aide provenant de l'étranger; [élabore] des exercices informatiques, y [participe] et [assure] la collecte d'éléments de preuve de sources ouvertes à l'appui d’enquêtes criminelles, y compris les enquêtes touchant la protection de l'information sur les infrastructures essentielles.  1, record 24, French, - %C3%89quipe%20d%27analyse%20de%20la%20cybercriminalit%C3%A9

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Fait partie de la Sous-direction de la criminalité technologique de la Gendarmerie royale du Canada.  2, record 24, French, - %C3%89quipe%20d%27analyse%20de%20la%20cybercriminalit%C3%A9

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A jury of inquiry who are summoned and returned by the sheriff to each session of the criminal courts, and whose duty is to receive complaints and accusations in criminal cases, hear the evidence adduced on the part of the state, and find bills of indictment in cases where they are satisfied a trial ought to be had.  2, record 25, English, - grand%20jury

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A grand jury is meant to be part of the system of checks and balances, preventing a case from going to trial on a prosecutor’s bare word. A prosecutor must convince the grand jury, an impartial panel of ordinary citizens, that there exists reasonable suspicion, probable cause, or a prima facie (legally sufficient) case that a crime has been committed.  3, record 25, English, - grand%20jury

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La chambre des mises en accusation était devenue chambre d’accusation (qui est devenu la chambre d’instruction le 15 juin 2000). La phase du jugement correspondait au modèle accusatoire.  2, record 25, French, - grand%20jury

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La Fundación del Español Urgente (Fundéu BBVA), con el asesoramiento de la Real Academia Española, explica que el "grand jury" norteamericano no puede traducirse por el término "jurado" a secas, ya que no es el grupo de personas encargadas de emitir un veredicto. En el sistema judicial estadounidense el "grand jury" tiene competencias para investigar y decide si hay causa suficiente para llevar un caso a juicio. En español pueden emplearse las formas "gran jurado", "jurado de acusación" o "jurado de investigación".  2, record 25, Spanish, - jurado%20de%20acusaci%C3%B3n

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the adjudicator considered the principles which must be applied in determining whether an indefinite suspension pending the outcome of criminal proceedings is justified – she pointed out that the employer submitted no evidence that the grievor's presence in the institution could be considered to present a reasonably serious and immediate risk to the legitimate concerns of the employer...  2, record 26, English, - indefinite%20suspension

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On peut imposer une suspension pendant l'enquête sur l'inconduite dont est soupçonné l'employé lorsque sa présence au travail ne peut être tolérée ou risque de nuire à l'enquête. (Voir l'annexe B au sujet des principes applicables à la suspension pour une période indéfinie énoncés dans la décision de la Commission des relations de travail dans la fonction publique [...]  3, record 26, French, - suspension%20pour%20une%20p%C3%A9riode%20ind%C3%A9finie

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... the branch of genetics that, through DNA analysis and comparison, helps to resolve legal problems such as paternity tests, establishing identity in criminal cases where biological evidence is found at crime scenes, inheritance matters, identification of victims of mass disasters, and identification of missing persons from human remains.  4, record 27, English, - forensic%20genetics

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Spécialité médicale qui consiste en] l'application d'analyses génétiques et de techniques de diagnostic moléculaire aux problèmes légaux et à l'expertise criminelle.  2, record 27, French, - g%C3%A9n%C3%A9tique%20m%C3%A9dico%2Dl%C3%A9gale

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An examination of a man's house or other buildings or premises, or of his person, or of his vehicle, aircraft, etc. with a view to the discovery of contraband or illicit or stolen property, or some evidence of guilt to be used in the prosecution of a criminal action for some crime or offense with which he is charged.(Black's, p. 1211)  1, record 28, English, - search

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

fouille; perquisition : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 28, French, - perquisition

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

If the issue in a criminal proceeding is identity, and the offence can be committed only by a member of an abnormal group, the accused may introduce psychiatric evidence that someone else... has the abnormal disposition to commit [the crime]....(Fed./Prov. Task Force, p. 81)  1, record 29, English, - psychiatric%20evidence

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

preuve psychiatrique; témoignage psychiatrique : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 29, French, - preuve%20psychiatrique

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Everyone commits perjury who, being a witness in a judicial proceeding, with intent to mislead gives false evidence, knowing that the evidence is false.(Criminal Code, s. 120)  1, record 30, English, - perjury

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

parjure : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 30, French, - parjure

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

It is common practice for the Crown to briefly address the judge and jury, outlining the theory of its case before it calls its first witness. Both the prosecution and the defence in their opening addresses ... must confine themselves to an exposition of their case. (Del Buono, Canadian Criminal Procedure, 1981, p. 656).  1, record 31, English, - opening%20address

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

At the opening of the trial counsel for the plaintiff-or the Crown in a criminal case-orally outlines to the court the fact-allegations he proposes to prove. That done he begins presentation of the supporting evidence.... At the end of all evidence introduced for the plaintiff or the Crown, counsel for the defendant may similarly address the court and present evidence in support of his client's fact-allegations.(Schiff, Evidence in the Litigation Process, 1978, p. 27)  1, record 31, English, - opening%20address

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

exposé introductif : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 31, French, - expos%C3%A9%20introductif

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A term sometimes used in criminal evidence to denote an hypothesis or theory of the case which assumes the defendant's innocence, and explains the criminative evidence in a manner consistent with that assumption.(Black's, p. 700)  1, record 32, English, - infirmative%20hypothesis

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

hypothèse disculpatoire; hypothèse infirmative : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 32, French, - hypoth%C3%A8se%20disculpatoire

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Furnishing evidence which would tend to subject one to criminal prosecution.(Canadian Law Dictionary, 1980, p. 188)  1, record 33, English, - incrimination

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

incrimination : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 33, French, - incrimination

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The level of persuasiveness required in a lawsuit to prove the case. In civil actions, the measure is ordinarily preponderance of the evidence. In criminal prosecutions, proof beyond a reasonable doubt is required to convict.  3, record 34, English, - degree%20of%20proof

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Refers to effect of evidence rather than medium by which truth is established. (Black’s, p. 1094)  2, record 34, English, - degree%20of%20proof

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

degré de preuve : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 34, French, - degr%C3%A9%20de%20preuve

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Every one who, being a witness in a judicial proceeding, gives evidence with respect to any matter of fact or knowledge and who subsequently, in a judicial proceeding, gives evidence that is contrary to his previous evidence is guilty of an indictable offence....(Criminal Code, s. 124(1]  1, record 35, English, - contradictory%20evidence

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Témoignage, dont une partie est incompatible avec une autre portion du même témoignage, ou qui est incompatible avec un autre témoignage du même témoin.  1, record 35, French, - t%C3%A9moignage%20contradictoire

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

témoignage contradictoire: terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 35, French, - t%C3%A9moignage%20contradictoire

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Canadian courts have set out many tests and expressions concerning the cogency of the evidence which the Crown must offer to satisfy the burden of producing evidence in a criminal proceeding.(Fed./Prov. Task Force, p. 24)  1, record 36, English, - cogency%20of%20the%20evidence

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

force de la preuve : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 36, French, - force%20de%20la%20preuve

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Legal Professional Privilege. In civil and criminal cases, confidential communications passing between a client and his legal adviser need not be given in evidence by the client and, without the client's consent, may not be given in evidence by the legal adviser in a judicial proceeding if made either-(1) to enable the client to obtain, or the adviser to give, legal advice; or(2) with reference to litigation that is actually taking place or was in the contemplation of the client.... the rationale of... legal professional privilege... is not the protection of confidentiality as such, but the additional fact that legal advice is exclusively concerned "with rights and liabilities enforceable in law, i. e. in the ultimate resort by litigation in the courts or in some administrative tribunal. "(Cross, p. 282-283).  1, record 37, English, - attorney%2Dclient%20privilege

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In law of evidence, client’s privilege [means] to refuse to disclose and to prevent any other person from disclosing confidential communications between he and his attorney.  1, record 37, English, - attorney%2Dclient%20privilege

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

secret professionnel de l'avocat : privilège du secret professionnel de l'avocat : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 37, French, - secret%20professionnel%20de%20l%27avocat

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A] search... conducted in the area of a crime to uncover any physical evidence which will : determine the facts of the crime, identify the criminal, and aid in the arrest and conviction of the criminal.  1, record 38, English, - crime%20scene%20search

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fouille qui consiste en l'examen de la scène d'un crime en vue d'y découvrir le plus d'indices [possible]. Elle a pour but de déterminer les circonstances d'un crime, de prouver l'effraction, d'identifier le criminel par son «modus operandi», de disculper ou d'incriminer un suspect, de corroborer ou de révoquer un alibi, de confirmer ou d'infirmer une déclaration.  2, record 38, French, - fouille%20d%27une%20sc%C3%A8ne%20de%20crime

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

This information was part of the full disclosure of evidence in 2006, although no criminal charges against the suspects had been filed until now.  2, record 39, English, - full%20disclosure%20of%20evidence

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ces renseignements avaient été divulgués lors du dépôt complet de la preuve en 2006, bien qu'aucune accusation criminelle contre les suspects n'ait été déposée à ce jour.  3, record 39, French, - divulgation%20compl%C3%A8te%20de%20la%20preuve

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A typical objective of a forensic audit is to obtain evidence to support criminal charges related to white-collar crimes such as bribery, fraud, theft, breach of trust, extortion and forgery.  2, record 40, English, - forensic%20audit

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 2 CONT

At the Government of Saskatchewan’s request, the Provincial Auditor agreed to undertake a special assignment to oversee the forensic audit.  3, record 40, English, - forensic%20audit

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The term "forensic" refers to information or evidence that is suitable for presentation in a court of law.  2, record 40, English, - forensic%20audit

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une vérification juricomptable [...] est plus détaillée et intensive puisqu'elle vise à découvrir les cas de faute ou de mauvaise gestion. Une telle vérification n'est normalement démandée qu'à la suite de plaintes sérieuses alléguant des actes frauduleux ou répréhensibles, ou encore après qu'une vérification de conformité a révélé des circonstances indiquant un risque réel qu'il y a eu des agissements irréguliers.  5, record 40, French, - audit%20juricomptable

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 OBS

audit juricomptable; audit judiciaire : le Bureau de la traduction du gouvernement du Canada recommande l’usage du terme «audit» comme équivalent de l’anglais «audit» dans le domaine de la comptabilité (REC-13/2013-02).  1, record 40, French, - audit%20juricomptable

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A series of detailed post-mortem external and internal examinations performed on a dead body or human remains to determine the victim’s identity and facts of death.  1, record 41, English, - forensic%20autopsy

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A forensic autopsy may also involve the collection of relevant evidence to support a criminal investigation.  1, record 41, English, - forensic%20autopsy

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 2 OBS

forensic autopsy; medico-legal autopsy: terms referring to an autopsy that is performed to solve legal matters but is not ordered by a court in relation to a crime.  2, record 41, English, - forensic%20autopsy

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 3 OBS

forensic autopsy; medico-legal autopsy: terms and definition standardized by the Canadian Capability-Based Planning Terminology Committee and the Translation Bureau.  2, record 41, English, - forensic%20autopsy

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Série d'examens post mortem détaillés des parties externes et internes d'un corps ou de restes humains, qui est réalisée en vue de déterminer l'identité de la victime ainsi que les faits relatifs au décès.  1, record 41, French, - autopsie%20m%C3%A9dico%2Dl%C3%A9gale

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'autopsie médico-légale peut également comporter la collecte d'éléments de preuve pertinents qui appuyent une enquête criminelle.  1, record 41, French, - autopsie%20m%C3%A9dico%2Dl%C3%A9gale

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 2 OBS

autopsie médico-légale : Ne pas confondre avec «autopsie judiciaire». En effet, l’adjectif «médico-légal» désigne les domaines de spécialisation concernés (médical et légal) tandis que «judiciaire» indique que l’autopsie est demandée par la justice, dans un cas de mort brutale ou suspecte, sans accord de la famille, les conclusions étant remises aux seules autorités judiciaires.  2, record 41, French, - autopsie%20m%C3%A9dico%2Dl%C3%A9gale

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 3 OBS

autopsie médico-légale : terme et définition normalisés par le Comité de terminologie de la planification axée sur les capacités au Canada et le Bureau de la traduction.  2, record 41, French, - autopsie%20m%C3%A9dico%2Dl%C3%A9gale

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Intelligence that is related to crimes or crime patterns with respect to an identifiable person or group of persons and that is used to anticipate, prevent or monitor criminal activity.  2, record 42, English, - criminal%20intelligence

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In other words, we would gather our criminal intelligence with a view to building on that intelligence until it becomes evidence, and then that evidence would be presented in court.  3, record 42, English, - criminal%20intelligence

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

criminal intelligence: term and definition standardized by the Canadian Capability-Based Planning Terminology Committee and the Translation Bureau.  4, record 42, English, - criminal%20intelligence

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Renseignements liés à des crimes ou à des habitudes criminelles d'une personne ou d'un groupe de personnes identifiables, qui servent à prévoir, à prévenir ou à surveiller des activités criminelles.  2, record 42, French, - renseignements%20criminels

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Dans ce contexte, le terme «renseignement» s'emploie surtout au pluriel.  5, record 42, French, - renseignements%20criminels

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 2 OBS

renseignements criminels; renseignements sur des activités criminelles; renseignements de nature criminelle : termes et définition normalisés par le Comité de terminologie de la planification axée sur les capacités au Canada et le Bureau de la traduction.  6, record 42, French, - renseignements%20criminels

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La inteligencia criminal es el producto final de un conjunto sistemático de fases denominado Ciclo de Inteligencia Criminal [...]  1, record 42, Spanish, - inteligencia%20criminal

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A legal principle, which may be challenged by local governments, stating banks are not obligated to provide authorities with information regarding their customers unless evidence of wrongdoing is produced or criminal charges are filed.  3, record 43, English, - bank%20secrecy

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] principe juridique qui consiste pour la banque détentrice d'un compte à ne pas divulguer les informations personnelles d'un client à un tiers.  2, record 43, French, - secret%20bancaire

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le secret ne peut être levé qu’en cas de fraude ou de blanchiment d'argent relevant d'activités criminelles.  2, record 43, French, - secret%20bancaire

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Compromiso y obligación de los bancos de guardar absoluta discreción sobre lo concerniente a los negocios de su clientela.  2, record 43, Spanish, - secreto%20bancario

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Actualmente, un gran número de legislaciones permiten la ruptura del secreto bancario por decisión legal, para cualquier clase de investigaciones relacionadas con el posible fraude fiscal.  2, record 43, Spanish, - secreto%20bancario

Record 44,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

They cited as evidence the courts’ continued refusals of defense motions, illicit editing of proceedings records in the criminal court, hindering the activities of journalists who were covering the trials, and general favor toward the prosecution.  3, record 44, English, - proceedings%20record

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 45,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Bureau will also be more apt to pursue an investigation under the criminal predatory pricing provisions when there is evidence that the competitor was a new entrant or a vigorous competitor in the relevant market.  3, record 45, English, - vigorous%20competitor

Record 45,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il est également plus probable que le Bureau poursuive l'enquête, aux termes des dispositions pénales réprimant la fixation de prix d'éviction, lorsqu'il y a des éléments tendant à établir que le concurrent était un nouveau venu sur le marché pertinent ou un concurrent dynamique.  2, record 45, French, - concurrent%20dynamique

Record 45,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 46,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A special board or committee in charge of reviewing and investigating complex situations and problems related to collective bargaining and labor disputes.  4, record 46, English, - board%20of%20inquiry

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Governments establish public inquiries to investigate and report on matters of substantial public interest related to good governance or public business within a jurisdiction... A commission of inquiry is established and paid for by government; however, it is an independent body. A public inquiry is not a trial. The commission performs its duties without expressing conclusions about civil or criminal liability of any person or organization. Commissions of Inquiry hear evidence through public hearings. The hearing functions in much the same way as a court of law, although not all of the same rules apply...  2, record 46, English, - board%20of%20inquiry

Record 46,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Commission ou comité spécial chargé d'examiner des problèmes ou des situations complexes touchant la négociation collective et des conflits de travail.  3, record 46, French, - commission%20d%27enqu%C3%AAte

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une commission d'enquête est une enquête administrative convoquée normalement dans le but d'examiner des événements complexes ou importants et d'en faire rapport. La commission d'enquête permet de déterminer ce qui s'est produit, comment et pourquoi, puis propose des mesures susceptibles d'empêcher une répétition de ce qui s'est passé. Il ne s'agit pas d'une enquête criminelle.  4, record 46, French, - commission%20d%27enqu%C3%AAte

Record 46,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 47,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The use of statistical evidence in a jury trial poses specific problems for the parties and the attorneys. This is so in both civil and criminal cases. The effective communication of statistical evidence can be of critical importance to the jury's impression of the case. Statistical evidence in civil cases might involve business concepts, such as market share in an antitrust dispute or the analysis of the racial or age makeup of the workforce in an employment discrimination case.  2, record 47, English, - statistical%20evidence

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 2 CONT

A prima facie case established through statistical evidence may be rebutted either by evidence which offers a non-discriminatory explanation of the specific situation or by challenging the statistical evidence.  3, record 47, English, - statistical%20evidence

Record 47,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une preuve prima facie établie au moyen de statistiques pourrait être réfutée soit par une preuve qui offre une explication non discriminatoire d'une situation particulière, soit par la contestation d'une preuve statistique.  2, record 47, French, - preuve%20statistique

Record 47,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Un contenido exiguo porque [...] ni se reconoce la aplicación del principio de prueba o prueba prima facie o prueba de la verdad interina [...], ni aparece expresamente recogida la prueba estadística a los efectos de la prueba de discriminación indirecta.  1, record 47, Spanish, - prueba%20estad%C3%ADstica

Record 48,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The term "prosecutorial discretion" refers to the fact that under American law, government prosecuting attorneys have nearly absolute and unreviewable power to choose whether or not to bring criminal charges, and what charges to bring, in cases where the evidence would justify charges.  1, record 48, English, - prosecutorial%20discretion

Record 48,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le bâtonnier détenait donc un pouvoir de poursuite discrétionnaire devant le conseil de l’ordre, explique un avocat de la place. Discrétionnaire, car les poursuites n’étaient pas automatiques.  1, record 48, French, - pouvoir%20de%20poursuite%20discr%C3%A9tionnaire

Record 48,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 49,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A judicial officer who conducts preliminary criminal hearings and may order that a defendant be released for lack of evidence, sent to jail to await trial, or released on bail.  3, record 49, English, - committing%20magistrate

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Magistrate. A judicial officer with strictly limited jurisdiction and authority, often on the local level and often restricted to criminal cases.  3, record 49, English, - committing%20magistrate

Record 49,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Magistrat du tribunal de grande instance, désigné par décret pour trois ans, dont la mission est de rechercher, dans le cadre d'une information pénale ouverte à la demande du Parquet ou de la victime, s'il existe contre un inculpé des charges suffisantes pour que celui-ci soit traduit devant une juridiction de jugement [...]  2, record 49, French, - juge%20d%27instruction

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le juge d'instruction est un magistrat enquêteur saisi des affaires pénales les plus complexes. Sa mission est de rassembler tous les éléments d'une infraction afin d'établir les faits et permettre l'éventuel jugement de son auteur.  3, record 49, French, - juge%20d%27instruction

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Il est bon de souligner que le concept «juge d'instruction» existe dans un système inquisitoire comme la France. On ne retrouve pas cette notion au Canada du fait qu'on y adopte un système accusatoire. Au Canada, «instruction» s'entend : phase d'un procès au cours de laquelle les parties font devant le tribunal la preuve de leurs prétentions.  4, record 49, French, - juge%20d%27instruction

Record 49,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Jurisdicción] Penal. [...] Su actividad se centra exclusivamente en investigar y juzgar los delitos. Durante la fase de investigación (llamada técnicamente “instrucción”) los jueces de esta jurisdicción (“jueces de instrucción”) pueden adoptar graves medidas cautelares como la prisión provisional de las personas, las entradas y registros domiciliarios, intervenciones telefónicas y de comunicaciones, toma de muestras biológicas para la práctica de análisis de ADN, suspensión de actividades de empresas, etc.  1, record 49, Spanish, - juez%20de%20instrucci%C3%B3n

Record 50,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Whether “predominant purpose” test is applicable to invalidate regulatory search when police look in truck cab expecting to find evidence of criminal activity as well as contraventions of commercial trucking regulations...  1, record 50, English, - commercial%20trucking%20regulation

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 OBS

commercial trucking regulation: term usually used in the plural.  2, record 50, English, - commercial%20trucking%20regulation

Record 50,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le critère de «l’objectif prédominant» a‑t‑il pour effet d’invalider une fouille fondée sur l’application de la réglementation lorsque le policier regarde dans la cabine du camion et s’attend à y trouver des éléments de preuve d’activités criminelles ainsi que de contraventions aux règlements sur le transport routier commercial [...]  1, record 50, French, - r%C3%A8glement%20sur%20le%20transport%20routier%20commercial

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 OBS

règlement sur le transport routier commercial : terme habituellement utilisé au pluriel.  2, record 50, French, - r%C3%A8glement%20sur%20le%20transport%20routier%20commercial

Record 50,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 51,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Evidence collected and studied through the use of science and other specialized knowledge, such as, biology, chemistry, medicine, physics, computer science, pyschiatry and psychology.  2, record 51, English, - forensic%20evidence

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Forensic evidence is an integral part of many criminal investigations, however there has been limited research on the impact that forensic evidence has had on the criminal justice system. The primary goal of this research is to evaluate the attrition of forensic evidence through the collection, analysis and subsequent investigative processes.  3, record 51, English, - forensic%20evidence

Record 51,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Preuve recueillie et examinée à l'aide de sciences et d'autres connaissances spécialisées comme la biologie, la chimie , la medecine, la physique, l'information, la psychiatrie et la psychologie.  1, record 51, French, - preuve%20m%C3%A9dico%2Dl%C3%A9gale

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 OBS

médicolégale : Cette graphie est puisée de Rectifications de l'orthographe, recommandée par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française et attestée dans le Petit Robert (2004).  2, record 51, French, - preuve%20m%C3%A9dico%2Dl%C3%A9gale

Record 51,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 52,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A police officer] who undertakes to secure evidence of criminal or illegal actions by working with or among those who are under suspicion.  7, record 52, English, - undercover%20man

Record 52,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Agent de police en civil participant à des opérations spéciales : lutte anti-drogue, contre-espionnage, etc.  3, record 52, French, - agent%20d%27infiltration

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 OBS

agent d'infiltration : équivalent adopté par la Gendarmerie royale du Canada.  3, record 52, French, - agent%20d%27infiltration

Record 52,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Es un agente encubierto ordenado por un fiscal, avalado por un juez colombiano, que se incorpora en la organización criminal, que esa organización lo lleve por todas partes, pero bajo nuestra responsabilidad.  2, record 52, Spanish, - agente%20secreto