TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The absolute immunity of a prosecutor from civil liability for decisions made and actions taken in a criminal prosecution.  2, record 1, English, - prosecutorial%20immunity

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il ressort de l'examen de la jurisprudence sur la question de l'immunité du poursuivant qu'il s'agit en définitive d'une question d'intérêt public.  2, record 1, French, - immunit%C3%A9%20du%20poursuivant

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The broad definition in the "Criminal Code" is consistent with the basic premise of corporate criminal liability, that legal entities, and not just individuals, are to be held accountable for offences.  2, record 2, English, - corporate%20criminal%20liability

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les dispositions du «Code criminel» en matière de responsabilité criminelle des personnes morales, reflètent bien le principe que les entités juridiques, et non plus les individus seulement, peuvent être tenues responsables d'infractions criminelles.  3, record 2, French, - responsabilit%C3%A9%20criminelle%20des%20personnes%20morales

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

responsabilité criminelle des personnes morales; responsabilité pénale des personnes morales : désignations tirées du mini-lexique «Intelligence artificielle et droit» et reproduites avec l'autorisation du Centre de ressources en français juridique de l'Université de Saint-Boniface.  4, record 2, French, - responsabilit%C3%A9%20criminelle%20des%20personnes%20morales

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Medical Law... Under Canadian law, a physician may be subject to criminal as well as civil liability when causing death or bodily harm to another person.  2, record 3, English, - medical%20law

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Droit médical [...] Responsabilité civile médicale : l'inviolabilité de la personne humaine. La faute professionnelle médicale. Le contrat médical et ses implications. Le contrat hospitalier et ses implications. L'équipe chirurgicale. L'aspect quasi-délictuel des responsabilités médicale et hospitalière. Problèmes juridiques posés par la médecine moderne : le statut juridique du fœtus et l'avortement. L'expérimentation et la transplantation. L'euthanasie et la cessation de traitement, la définition de la mort.  2, record 3, French, - droit%20m%C3%A9dical

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

"Tax amnesty" is a limited-time opportunity for a specified group of taxpayers to pay a defined amount in exchange for forgiveness of a tax liability(including interest and penalties) relating to a previous tax period or periods and without fear of criminal prosecution. It typically expires when some authority begins a tax investigation of the past-due tax.... Canada has a "tax amnesty" under both the "Income Tax Act" for income tax-related offences and under the "Excise Tax Act" for GST/HST(goods and services tax/harmonized sales tax) matters.  2, record 4, English, - tax%20amnesty

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

amnistie fiscale : terme tiré du mini-lexique «Droit fiscal» et reproduit avec l'autorisation du Centre de ressources en français juridique de l'Université de Saint-Boniface.  2, record 4, French, - amnistie%20fiscale

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En la literatura se suele citar, por su carácter global, la definición aportada por Lerman [...]: por amnistía fiscal, "se entiende una medida o conjunto de medidas con el fin de condonar penas o sanciones de carácter civil y criminal a los contribuyentes, que admitan voluntariamente no haber pagado la deuda impositiva correspondiente a impuestos de períodos precedentes —o haberlo hecho parcialmente—, y que ahora declaran por entero".  3, record 4, Spanish, - amnist%C3%ADa%20fiscal

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In particular, s. 8(3) of the [Criminal] Code expressly provides that exculpatory defences continue so to operate to exclude criminal liability.  1, record 5, English, - exculpatory%20defence

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

It is an elementary rule that no action may be filed on a contract which has no more force and effect. There can be no cause of action upon an inexistent contract. No criminal or civil liability may arise from an extinguished contract such as Exhibit "A".  2, record 6, English, - extinguished%20contract

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The consequences of acting as a good samaritan, coming to the aid of a third person in a moment of distress or peril, are often such as would subject the good samaritan to criminal liability. Both the common law and statutory law have therefore developed various defences for the benefit of a good samaritan charged with an offence in Canada.  2, record 7, English, - good%20Samaritan

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] le rôle de bon samaritain [...] le citoyen raisonnable et prudent doit prêter secours au personne en danger.  2, record 7, French, - bon%20samaritain

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Les médecins doivent être de bons samaritains en vertu de leur code d'éthique.  2, record 7, French, - bon%20samaritain

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

bon samaritain : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  3, record 7, French, - bon%20samaritain

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

"The law with respect to the doctrine of scienter is relatively clear. The owner of a dog which bites another will not be liable simply for being the owner. Liability will only attach under the doctrine if ... three conditions ... have been satisfied: .... the plaintiff (not the defendant) must establish that the defendant was the owner of the dog, that the dog had manifested a propensity to cause the type of harm occasioned, and that the owner knew of that propensity."  1, record 8, English, - doctrine%20of%20scienter

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ireland(IE) seems not to have introduced the concept of criminal liability of heads of businesses, requiring ’guilty knowledge’ in any case.  4, record 8, English, - doctrine%20of%20scienter

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Scienter. A degree of knowledge that makes a person legally responsible for the consequences of his or her act or omission; the fact of an act’s having been done knowingly, especially as a ground for civil damages or criminal punishment.  5, record 8, English, - doctrine%20of%20scienter

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Quant à l'Irlande, elle ne semble pas avoir introduit la notion de responsabilité pénale des chefs d'entreprise, exigeant une «connaissance coupable» dans tous les cas.  2, record 8, French, - th%C3%A9orie%20de%20connaissance%20coupable

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Tort liability, which is defined by law, requiring an injured party to prove only that he or she was harmed in a specified way in order to collect damages.  2, record 9, English, - strict%20liability

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In law, strict liability is a standard for liability which may exist in either a criminal or civil context. A rule specifying strict liability makes a person legally responsible for the damage and loss caused by his or her acts and omissions regardless of culpability(including fault in criminal law terms, typically the presence of mens rea).  3, record 9, English, - strict%20liability

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le terme «responsabilité stricte» signifie que la preuve d'intention coupable ou mens rea n'est pas requise pour un ou pour tous les éléments de l'actus reus. En ce sens, la responsabilité stricte est une responsabilité sans faute.  1, record 9, French, - responsabilit%C3%A9%20stricte

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A [declaration] which, when made, conflicts with the pecuniary or proprietary interest of the person making [it], or so far tends to subject him to civil or criminal liability, or to render invalid a claim by him against another, that a reasonable man in his position would not have made the statement unless he believe it to be true.(Black's, p. 367)  2, record 10, English, - declaration%20against%20interest

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A declaration against interest, by contrast, is made by a nonlitigant who is not in privity with a litigant; ...  3, record 10, English, - declaration%20against%20interest

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A declaration against interest is also admissible as an exception to the hearsay rule, but only when the declarant is unavailable as a witness.  3, record 10, English, - declaration%20against%20interest

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

déclaration contre intérêt : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 10, French, - d%C3%A9claration%20contre%20int%C3%A9r%C3%AAt

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Prosecution of a corporation is not a substitute for the prosecution of criminally culpable individuals within or without the corporation. Because a corporation can act only through individuals, imposition of individual criminal liability may provide the strongest deterrent against future corporate wrongdoing.  2, record 11, English, - prosecution%20of%20a%20corporation

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 CONT

In the prosecution of a corporation for an offence under this section, it is sufficient proof of the offence to establish that it was committed by an employee or agent of the corporation, whether or not the employee or agent is identified, unless the corporation establishes that the corporation exercised due diligence to prevent the commission of the offence.  3, record 11, English, - prosecution%20of%20a%20corporation

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans la poursuite d'une personne morale pour infraction au présent article, il suffit d'établir que l'infraction a été commise par un employé ou un mandataire de la personne morale, que l'employé ou le mandataire soit identifié ou non, sauf si la personne morale établit qu'elle a fait preuve de toute la diligence voulue pour empêcher la perpétration de l'infraction.  2, record 11, French, - poursuite%20d%27une%20personne%20morale

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A special board or committee in charge of reviewing and investigating complex situations and problems related to collective bargaining and labor disputes.  4, record 12, English, - board%20of%20inquiry

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Governments establish public inquiries to investigate and report on matters of substantial public interest related to good governance or public business within a jurisdiction... A commission of inquiry is established and paid for by government; however, it is an independent body. A public inquiry is not a trial. The commission performs its duties without expressing conclusions about civil or criminal liability of any person or organization. Commissions of Inquiry hear evidence through public hearings. The hearing functions in much the same way as a court of law, although not all of the same rules apply...  2, record 12, English, - board%20of%20inquiry

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Commission ou comité spécial chargé d'examiner des problèmes ou des situations complexes touchant la négociation collective et des conflits de travail.  3, record 12, French, - commission%20d%27enqu%C3%AAte

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une commission d'enquête est une enquête administrative convoquée normalement dans le but d'examiner des événements complexes ou importants et d'en faire rapport. La commission d'enquête permet de déterminer ce qui s'est produit, comment et pourquoi, puis propose des mesures susceptibles d'empêcher une répétition de ce qui s'est passé. Il ne s'agit pas d'une enquête criminelle.  4, record 12, French, - commission%20d%27enqu%C3%AAte

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Any law that retroactively exempts a select group of people, usually military leaders and government leaders, from criminal liability for crimes committed.  1, record 13, English, - amnesty%20law

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Techniquement, la loi d'amnistie définit son champ d'application selon trois méthodes : l'amnistie en fonction de la nature de l'infraction; l'amnistie en fonction du quantum de la peine; l'amnistie par mesures individuelles (qui tient essentiellement compte de la personnalité de l'auteur de l'infraction).  1, record 13, French, - loi%20d%27amnistie

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In theory, the common law of torts adheres to a single standard of care and refuses to recognize different degrees of negligence.... This viewpoint stands in contrast to the criminal law which regards "negligent" and "reckless" driving as distinct offences.... A number of jurisdictions in Canada... has borrowed this idea and introduced it into the sphere of tort liability, for example by relieving the driver of a car from liability to gratuitous passengers except in the case of "gross" negligence or "wilful", "wanton" or "reckless" misconduct.  1, record 14, English, - reckless%20misconduct

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Fraud that has been made illegal by statute and that subjects the offender to criminal penalties such as fines and imprisonment. An example is the willful evasion of taxes accomplished by filing a fraudulent tax return.  2, record 15, English, - criminal%20fraud

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Criminal sanctions may apply for criminal use of checks(e. g., non-payment due to insufficient funds, cease of trading, termination of checks etc. after the check is issued). Criminal fraud and misrepresentation and civil tort liability may also apply.  3, record 15, English, - criminal%20fraud

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Des sanctions criminelles peuvent aussi s'appliquer [si la personne est reconnue coupable] de fraude criminelle, de déclarations trompeuses ou de responsabilité civile délictuelle.  2, record 15, French, - fraude%20criminelle

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Si de récents cas très médiatisés amènent bien des gens à assimiler les transactions intéressées à la fraude criminelle, ces transactions ne correspondent souvent pas à une violation des lois pénales.  3, record 15, French, - fraude%20criminelle

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

One issue that attracts much attention is whether a corporation should be at fault or culpable before liability is imposed, and precisely what corporate fault or corporate culpability means. In other words, what liability standard should be required before imposing liability on the corporation.  3, record 16, English, - corporate%20culpability

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 CONT

In the context of criminal liability, the concepts of intent and corporate wrongdoing are not reducible to the individual intent of the employees, managers or officers. They correspond, rather, to the express or implicit policies governing the activities of the corporation. Corporate fault should, therefore, be sought in the corporate culture.  4, record 16, English, - corporate%20culpability

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans le contexte de la responsabilité pénale, les notions d'intention et de faute corporative ne pourraient se réduire à l'intention individuelle des employés, gérants ou directeurs. Elles correspondraient plutôt aux politiques expresses ou implicites gouvernant les activités de la personne morale. La faute corporative serait donc à rechercher dans la culture corporative.  3, record 16, French, - faute%20corporative

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A legal guarantee that exempts a person or group of persons from liability for criminal or political offenses.  1, record 17, English, - amnesty

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

If respected and properly applied, an amnesty can help promote the voluntary repatriation of refugees.  1, record 17, English, - amnesty

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Garantía jurídica que exime a una persona o un grupo de personas de la responsabilidad por crímenes o delitos penales o políticos.  2, record 17, Spanish, - amnist%C3%ADa

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La amnistía puede contribuir a favorecer la repatriación voluntaria de los refugiados cuando se respeta y se aplica debidamente.  2, record 17, Spanish, - amnist%C3%ADa

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A plea of not guilty by reason of insanity is a plea of admission and avoidance. That is, this plea admits that the defendant committed the acts charged, but seeks to excuse the defendant from criminal liability on the ground that the defendant was insane.  2, record 18, English, - admission%20and%20avoidance

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Admission. A voluntary acknowledgment made by a party to a lawsuit or in a criminal prosecution that certain facts that are inconsistent with the party’s claims in the controversy are true.  3, record 18, English, - admission%20and%20avoidance

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Aveu par lequel une partie reconnaît le fait qui lui est défavorable mais y ajoute un fait secondaire et distinct qui modifie totalement ou partiellement la portée de son aveu.  1, record 18, French, - aveu%20complexe

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans une action en remboursement de prêt d'argent, le défendeur admet avoir emprunté du demandeur mais il ajoute qu'il a remboursé en totalité les sommes qu'il lui devait.  1, record 18, French, - aveu%20complexe

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The liability to be called upon to respond to an action at law for an injury caused by a delict or crime, as opposed to criminal responsibility or liability to be proceeded against in a criminal tribunal. "Civil responsibility" is the term used in civil law(Quebec) whereas "civil liability" is the usual common law term.  3, record 19, English, - civil%20liability

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Obligation qui incombe à une personne de réparer les dommages causés à autrui par sa faute, par la faute de ceux dont elle a le contrôle et par les choses qu'elle a sous sa garde. «Responsabilité civile» est un terme du droit civil, employé au Québec.  2, record 19, French, - responsabilit%C3%A9%20civile

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Obligación que corresponde a una persona determinada, de reparar el daño o perjuicio causado a otra, bien por ella misma, por el hecho de las cosas, o por actos de las personas por las que deba responder.  1, record 19, Spanish, - responsabilidad%20civil

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

responsabilidad civil: Expresión y definición reproducidas del Glosario Provisional de Términos Jurídicos con la autorización de la Oficina de las Naciones Unidas en Ginebra.  2, record 19, Spanish, - responsabilidad%20civil

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A criminal offence; a basis of liability for injury to the person or property of another. Driving under circumstances showing a reckless disregard of the consequences; driving carelessly and heedlessly in willful or wanton disregard of the rights or safety of others, or without due caution and circumspection and at a speed or in a manner endangering person or property.  2, record 20, English, - reckless%20driving

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Voir la circulaire, n° 12, règlement 5, chapitre 2.  2, record 20, French, - conduite%20dangereuse

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish